Magdalena de Kino
Encyclopedia
Magdalena de Kino is a city and surrounding municipality
located in the Mexican
state of Sonora
covering approximately 560 square miles (1,460 square kilometers). According to the 2005 census, the city's population was 23,101, and the municipality's population was 25,500. Magdalena de Kino is in the northern section of Sonora
50 miles (80 kilometers) from the Mexico-U.S. border. To the north the city abuts Nogales
; to the south, the municipality of Santa Ana
; to the east, Imuris and Cucurpe; and to the west, the municipalities of Tubutama and Sáric. Its main sectors include San Ignacio, San Isidro, Tacicuri, and Sásabe. The city was named after the Italian, Roman Catholic missionary, Father Eusebio Francisco Kino, who worked in the area, as well as in the present-day US state of Arizona
.
(Tohono O'odham
) and Pimas (Akimel O'odham). The first missions were established in 1687, with the arrival of Father Eusebio Francisco Kino. The municipal seat was founded at the beginning of 17th century by Lieutenant Juan Bautista Escalante. Magdalena de Kino suffered two massacres, one in 1757
and another in 1776
. The city was founded by decree in December, 1923. At first the city was called "Santa María Magdalena de Buquivaba", but was changed in 1966 to its present name.
and sorghum
. Cattle ranching is also an important source of income within the municipality.
Industry employs approximately 2,000 individuals, primarily at the various maquiladoras. In addition, the city's businesses produce beverages, construction and furniture.
, a member of the PRI movement, and who was assassinated in Tijuana
in 1995.
Magdalena de Kino is the birthplace of soccer player Alejandro Gallardo
World Cup winner in Peru U-17 in 2005. Currently plays in F.C. Atlas
Municipalities of Mexico
Municipalities are the second-level administrative division in Mexico . There are 2,438 municipalities in Mexico, making the average municipality population 45,616...
located in the Mexican
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
state of Sonora
Sonora
Sonora officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo....
covering approximately 560 square miles (1,460 square kilometers). According to the 2005 census, the city's population was 23,101, and the municipality's population was 25,500. Magdalena de Kino is in the northern section of Sonora
Sonora
Sonora officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo....
50 miles (80 kilometers) from the Mexico-U.S. border. To the north the city abuts Nogales
Nogales, Sonora
Heroica Nogales , more commonly known as Nogales, is a city and its surrounding municipality on the northern border of the Mexican State of Sonora. The municipality covers an area of 1,675 km², and borders to the north the city of Nogales, Arizona, United States, across the U.S.-Mexico border...
; to the south, the municipality of Santa Ana
Santa Ana, Sonora
Santa Ana is a small city and municipal seat of the municipality of the same name in the Mexican state of Sonora. It is located 270 kilometers north of state capital Hermosillo and 100 kilometers south of Nogales on the United States border. The area of the municipality is 1,620.65 kms2 and the...
; to the east, Imuris and Cucurpe; and to the west, the municipalities of Tubutama and Sáric. Its main sectors include San Ignacio, San Isidro, Tacicuri, and Sásabe. The city was named after the Italian, Roman Catholic missionary, Father Eusebio Francisco Kino, who worked in the area, as well as in the present-day US state of Arizona
Arizona
Arizona ; is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the western United States and the mountain west. The capital and largest city is Phoenix...
.
History
Originally, the territory was populated by the PapagosTohono O'odham
The Tohono O'odham are a group of Native American people who reside primarily in the Sonoran Desert of the southeastern Arizona and northwest Mexico...
(Tohono O'odham
Tohono O'odham
The Tohono O'odham are a group of Native American people who reside primarily in the Sonoran Desert of the southeastern Arizona and northwest Mexico...
) and Pimas (Akimel O'odham). The first missions were established in 1687, with the arrival of Father Eusebio Francisco Kino. The municipal seat was founded at the beginning of 17th century by Lieutenant Juan Bautista Escalante. Magdalena de Kino suffered two massacres, one in 1757
First Magdalena Massacre
The First Magdalena Massacre was an attack by Seri native Americans against the Spanish mission village of Magdalena de Kino, in the present day northern Mexico. The attack occurred on November 3, 1757 and was the first of two massacres at the town. The second attack came almost exactly nineteen...
and another in 1776
Second Magdalena Massacre
The Second Magdalena Massacre was an attack by Apaches against the Spanish mission village of Magdalena de Kino, in the present day northern Mexico...
. The city was founded by decree in December, 1923. At first the city was called "Santa María Magdalena de Buquivaba", but was changed in 1966 to its present name.
Economy
Agriculture is a key economic activity throughout the municipality. Of the 3300 acres (13.4 km²) of arable land, 2,800 (approximately 85%) are irrigated. Crops include fruit, wheat, maize, common beanCommon bean
Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean, is an herbaceous annual plant domesticated independently in ancient Mesoamerica and the Andes, and now grown worldwide for its edible bean, popular both dry and as a green bean. The leaf is occasionally used as a leaf vegetable, and the straw is used for fodder...
and sorghum
Sorghum
Sorghum is a genus of numerous species of grasses, one of which is raised for grain and many of which are used as fodder plants either cultivated or as part of pasture. The plants are cultivated in warmer climates worldwide. Species are native to tropical and subtropical regions of all continents...
. Cattle ranching is also an important source of income within the municipality.
Industry employs approximately 2,000 individuals, primarily at the various maquiladoras. In addition, the city's businesses produce beverages, construction and furniture.
Primary tourist attractions
Magdalena de Kino has 6 hotels and 6 bars/restaurants and several sites of interest to tourists, including:- The Temple of Santa María Magdalena, with an image of San Francisco Xavier, an important historical figure for both Sonora and the neighboring U.S. state of ArizonaArizonaArizona ; is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the western United States and the mountain west. The capital and largest city is Phoenix...
. - The Grave of Father Kino, who died in the year 1711 and is interred in a crypt near the mission he founded. The monument was constructed in 1966 after the discovery of Father Kino's remains.
- The Father Kino Museum, with architectural designs by Marco Antonio Ortez, where objects of the indigenous cultures of the region are exhibited, including photographs, weaponry and clothing.
- The Mausoleum of the wife of Colosio Murrieta, located in the municipal pantheon.
- Numerous buildings constructed of stone with engravings reflecting the history of the municipality and Mexico in general.
Notable residents
Magdalena de Kino is the birthplace of presidential candidate Luis Donaldo ColosioLuis Donaldo Colosio
Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta was a Mexican politician, and PRI presidential candidate, who was assassinated at a campaign rally in Tijuana during the Mexican Presidential campaign of 1994.-Political history:...
, a member of the PRI movement, and who was assassinated in Tijuana
Tijuana
Tijuana is the largest city on the Baja California Peninsula and center of the Tijuana metropolitan area, part of the international San Diego–Tijuana metropolitan area. An industrial and financial center of Mexico, Tijuana exerts a strong influence on economics, education, culture, art, and politics...
in 1995.
Magdalena de Kino is the birthplace of soccer player Alejandro Gallardo
Alejandro Gallardo
Jesús Alejandro Gallardo Durazo is a football goalkeeper. He plays for Atlas in the Primera División de México.-Club career:Gallardo is a backup goalkeeper for Club Atlas...
World Cup winner in Peru U-17 in 2005. Currently plays in F.C. Atlas
F.C. Atlas
Club Social y Deportivo Atlas de Guadalajara is a Mexican football club. Atlas is one of three teams that play in Guadalajara, Mexico, along with Club Deportivo Guadalajara and Estudiantes Tecos in the Primera División de México...