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Macedonia (Roman province)
 
 
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The Roman province
Roman province

In Ancient Rome, a province was the basic, and until the Tetrarchy , largest territorial and administrative unit of the empire's territorial possessions outside of the Italia ....
 of Macedonia was officially established in 146 BC, after the Roman general Quintus Caecilius Metellus
Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus was a Praetor in 148 BC, Roman consul in 143 BC, Proconsul of Hispania Citerior in 142 BC and Roman censor in 131 BC....
 defeated Andriscus of Macedon in 148 BC, and after the four client republics ("tetrarchy") established by Rome in the region were dissolved.






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Map Macedonia Province
The Roman province
Roman province

In Ancient Rome, a province was the basic, and until the Tetrarchy , largest territorial and administrative unit of the empire's territorial possessions outside of the Italia ....
 of Macedonia was officially established in 146 BC, after the Roman general Quintus Caecilius Metellus
Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus was a Praetor in 148 BC, Roman consul in 143 BC, Proconsul of Hispania Citerior in 142 BC and Roman censor in 131 BC....
 defeated Andriscus of Macedon in 148 BC, and after the four client republics ("tetrarchy") established by Rome in the region were dissolved. The province incorporated Epirus Vetus
Epirus vetus

Epirus vetus was a province in the Roman Empire. Between 146 BC and 395 AD, it was incorporated into the Macedonia .References ...
, Thessaly
Thessaly

Thessaly is one of the 13 Peripheries of Greece of Greece, and is further sub-divided into 4 Prefectures of Greece. The capital of the periphery and traditional Regions of Greece is Larissa....
, and parts of Illyria
Illyria

'Illyria' was in Classical antiquity a region in the western part of today's Balkan Peninsula, inhabited by tribes of Illyrians, an ancient people who spoke the Illyrian languages....
 and Thrace
Thrace

Thrace is a historical and geographic area in southeast Europe. Today the name Thrace designates a region spread over southern Bulgaria , northeastern Greece , and European Turkey ....
.

After the reforms of Diocletian
Diocletian

Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus , born Diocles and commonly known as Diocletian , was Roman Emperor from November 20, 284 to May 1, 305....
 in the late 3rd century, Epirus Vetus
Epirus vetus

Epirus vetus was a province in the Roman Empire. Between 146 BC and 395 AD, it was incorporated into the Macedonia .References ...
 was split off, and sometime in the 4th century, the province of Macedonia itself was divided into Macedonia Prima in the south and Macedonia Salutaris in the north. These provinces were all subordinate to the Diocese of Macedonia
Diocese of Macedonia

The Diocese of Macedonia was a Roman diocese of the later Roman Empire, forming part of the Prefecture of Illyricum. Its capital was Thessalonica....
, one of three dioceses which were included in the praetorian prefecture of Illyricum
Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum

The praetorian prefecture of Illyricum was one of four large praetorian prefectures into which the Late Roman Empire was divided. The administrative centre of the prefecture was initially Sirmium, and after 379 Thessalonica....
, organized in 318. When the Prefecture was divided between the Western
Western Roman Empire

The Western Roman Empire refers to the western half of the Roman Empire, from its division by Diocletian in 285; the other half of the Roman Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire, today widely known as the Byzantine Empire....
 and Eastern Empires in 379, the Macedonian provinces were included in Eastern Illyricum. With the permanent division of the Empire in 395, Macedonia passed to the East, which would evolve into the Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire and Eastern Roman Empire are conventional names used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople....
.

One important figure to come from Roman Macedonia is the patron saint
Patron saint

A patron saint is a saint who is regarded as the intercessor and advocate in heaven of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, or person. Patron saints, because they have already transcended to the metaphysical, are able to intercede effectively for the needs of their special charges....
 of the city of Salonika, Saint Demetrius, who martyred in 306.

Economy of Roman Macedonia

The reign of Augustus began a long period of peace, prosperity and wealth for Macedonia, although its importance in the economic standing of the Roman world diminished when compared to its neighbor, Asia Minor.

The economy was greatly stimulated by the construction of the Via Egnatia
Via Egnatia

The Via Egnatia was a Roman road constructed by the Ancient Rome in the 2nd century BC. It crossed the Roman provinces of Illyricum , Macedonia , and Thrace, running through territory that is now part of modern Albania, the Republic of Macedonia, Greece, and European Turkey....
, the installation of Roman merchants in the cities, and the founding of Roman colonies. The Imperial government brought, along with its roads and administrative system, an economic boom, which benefited both the Roman ruling class and the lower classes. With vast arable and rich pastures, the great ruling families amassed huge fortunes in the society based on slave labor.

The improvement of the living conditions of the productive classes brought about an increase in the number artisans and craftspeople to the region. Stone-masons, miners, blacksmiths, etc. were employed in every kind of commercial activity and craft. Greek people were also widely employed as tutors, educators and doctors throughout the Roman world.

The export economy was based essentially on agriculture and livestock, while iron, copper, and gold along with such products as timber, resin, pitch, hemp, flax and fish were also exported. Another source of wealth was the country's ports, such as Dion
Dion, Greece

Dion is a municipality and village in the Prefecture of Pieria, Macedonia , Greece, best known for its museum and archaeological site. The Ancient city of Dion was a place of some importance, due to its location at the foot of Mount Olympus....
, Pella
Pella

Pella was the Capital of the Ancient Greece Monarchy of Macedon. A common folk etymology is traditionally given for the name Pella, ascribing it to a form akin to the Doric Greek Apella, originally meaning a ceremonial location where decisions were made....
, Thessalonica, Cassandreia
Cassandreia

Cassandra was one of the most important cities in Ancient Macedonia founded by and named after Cassander in 316 BC located near the site of the earlier Ancient Greece city of Potidaea....
.

Notable citizens

  • Damon of Thessalonica 2nd c.BC

Saints and Clerics

  • Lydia of Thyatira
    Lydia of Thyatira

    Lydia of Thyatira was the first recorded convert to Christianity in Europe.The Acts of the Apostles describes her as follows:The name, "Lydia", meaning "the Lydian woman", by which she was known indicates that she was from Lydia in Asia Minor....
    , 1st c.
  • Aristarchus of Thessalonica
    Aristarchus of Thessalonica

    Aristarchus or Aristarch, "a Greek Macedonia of Thessaloniki" , was an Early Christianity mentioned in a few passages of the New Testament....
    , 1st c.
  • Epaphroditus
    Epaphroditus

    Epaphroditus is a saint of the Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church, first Philippi, and of Andriacia in Asia Minor, and first Bishop of Terracina, Italy....
    , first bishop of Philippi
  • Gaius, first Bishop of Thessalonica
  • Onesimus, first bishop of Beroea
    Veria

    Veria is a city built at the foot of Vermion Mountains in Greece. It is a commercial center of Macedonia , the capital of the Prefectures of Greece of Imathia Prefecture, the province of Imathia and the seat of a bishop of the Church of Greece....
  • Agathopous, deacon
    Deacon

    Deacon is a role in the Christianity that is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions....
  • Theodulus, Lector
    Lector

    Lector is a Latin language term for one who reads, whether aloud or not. In modern languages the word has come to take various forms, as either a development or a loanword, such as , , and ....
  • Matrona of Thessalonica
  • Agape, Chionia, and Irene
    Agape, Chionia, and Irene

    Agape, Chionia, and Irene are three virgin sisters who were martyred for their faith, 304 CE. Their feast day is April 3.They were brought before the then governor of Macedonia , Dulcitius, on the charge of refusing to eat sacrificial offering....
    († 304)
  • Saint Demetrius, early 4th c.
  • Demophilus of Constantinople
    Demophilus of Constantinople

    Demophilus was bishop of Veria and bishop of Constantinople from 370 until expelled in 380.Born of good family in Thessalonica , he was elected by the Arianism to the bishopric of Constantinople ....
     (d. 386), Bishop, born in Thessalonica


Writers

  • Craterus of Amphipolis (ca. 100-30 BC) Rhapsode
    Rhapsode

    A rhapsode or, in modern usage, rhapsodist, refers to a classical Greece professional performer of epic poetry in the fifth and fourth centuries BC ....
     winner in Amphiarian games
    Amphiareion of Oropos

    The Amphiareion of Kalamos , situated in the hills 6 km southeast of the fortified port of Oropos, was a sanctuary dedicated in the late fifth century BCE to the hero Amphiaraus, where pilgrims went to seek oracular responses and healing....
  • Phaedrus
    Phaedrus

    Phaedrus , Roman Empire fabulist, was probably a Thracian slave, born in Pydna of Macedonia and lived in the reigns of Augustus Caesar, Tiberius, Caligula and Claudius....
     of Pieria (ca. 15 BC – ca. 50 AD), fabulist
  • Antipater of Thessalonica
    Antipater of Thessalonica

    Antipater of Thessalonica was the author of over a hundred epigrams in the Greek Anthology. He is the most copious and perhaps the most interesting of the Augustus epigrammatists....
     (late 1st c. BC), epigrammatic poet and governor of the city
  • Philippus of Thessalonica
    Philippus of Thessalonica

    Philippus of Thessalonica or Philippus Epigrammaticus was the compiler of an Anthology of epigram subsequent to Meleager of Gadara and is himself the author of 72 epigrams in the Greek Anthology.Philippus has one word which describes the epigram by a single quality; he calls his work an oligostikhia or collection of poems not exc...
     (late 1st c. AD), epigrammatic poet and compiler of the Greek Anthology
    Greek Anthology

    The Greek Anthology is a collection of poems, mostly epigrams, that span the classical and Byzantine periods of Greek literature.While papyrus containing fragments of collections of poetry have been found in Egypt, the earliest known anthology in Greek was compiled by Meleager of Gadara, under the title Anthologia, or "Garland."...
  • Archias, epigrammatist
  • Antiphanes (late 1st c. AD), epigrammatist
  • Parmenio (late 1st c. AD), epigrammatist
  • Criton of Pieria
    Criton of Pieria

    Criton of Pieria , was a Hellenistic period or Roman-era Greek historian.Titles of Works:*?a??????? Pallenica, On Pallene, Chalcidice...
     , historian
  • Polyaenus
    Polyaenus

    Polyaenus or Polyenus was a 2nd century Macedonian author, known best for his Stratagems in War , which has been preserved. The Suda calls him a rhetorician, and Polyaenus himself writes that he was accustomed to plead causes before the emperor....
    , (2nd c. AD), military writer
  • Stobaeus
    Stobaeus

    Joannes Stobaeus , so called from his native place Stobi in North Macedonia , was the compiler of a valuable series of extracts from Greece authors....
     (5th c. AD), anthologist of Greek authors
  • Macedonius of Thessalonica
    Macedonius of Thessalonica

    Macedonius of Thessalonica or Macedonius Consul a Byzantine Hypatus during the reign of Justinian, is the author of 42 epigrams in the Greek Anthology, the best of which are some delicate and fanciful amatory pieces....
     (6th c. AD), epigrammatist of Greek Anthology
    Greek Anthology

    The Greek Anthology is a collection of poems, mostly epigrams, that span the classical and Byzantine periods of Greek literature.While papyrus containing fragments of collections of poetry have been found in Egypt, the earliest known anthology in Greek was compiled by Meleager of Gadara, under the title Anthologia, or "Garland."...


Physicians

  • Athryilatus
    Athryilatus

    Athryilatus a Greek physician from Thasos, Macedonia .According to Plutarch's Symposiacs, Athryilatus considered the women warmer than men.*Women endure cold better than men, they are not so sensible of the sharpness of the weather, and are contented with a few clothes...
     of Thasos
    Thasos

    Thasos or Thassos is a Greece island in the northern Aegean Sea, close to the coast of Western Thrace and the plain of the river Mesta River but geographically part of Macedonia ....
  • Alexander of Pella
    Pella

    Pella was the Capital of the Ancient Greece Monarchy of Macedon. A common folk etymology is traditionally given for the name Pella, ascribing it to a form akin to the Doric Greek Apella, originally meaning a ceremonial location where decisions were made....
  • Damian of Thessalonica
  • Anthemius of Edessa
    Edessa

    Edessa may refer to:*Edessa, Greece*Edessa, Mesopotamia, now Sanliurfa, Turkey*County of Edessa, a crusader state*Osroene, an ancient kingdom and province of the Roman Empire...
  • Paul of Philippi
    Philippi

    Philippi was a city in eastern Macedonia , in northern ancient Greece, founded by Philip II of Macedon in 356 BC and abandoned in the 14th century after the Ottoman Empire conquest....
  • Theodorus of Kato Kleines
    Kato Kleines

    Kato Kleines is a municipality and village in the Florina Prefecture, Greece, 7km north of the city of Florina. The population was 3,963 in 2001....
    ,Florina
  • C. Iulius Nicetas of Lyke (Lyki) in Pella
    Pella

    Pella was the Capital of the Ancient Greece Monarchy of Macedon. A common folk etymology is traditionally given for the name Pella, ascribing it to a form akin to the Doric Greek Apella, originally meaning a ceremonial location where decisions were made....
  • Aurelius Isidorus of Thessalonica
  • Sextus Iulius Chariton of Amphipolis
    Amphipolis

    Amphipolis was an Ancient Greece Greece Polis in the region once inhabited by the Edoni people in the present-day Peripheries of Greece of Central Macedonia....
  • Servia of Thessalonica
  • Pubicius Lalus and Publicius Hermias of Beroea
  • Aelius Nicolaus of Edessa
  • Aptus of Dion
    Dion, Greece

    Dion is a municipality and village in the Prefecture of Pieria, Macedonia , Greece, best known for its museum and archaeological site. The Ancient city of Dion was a place of some importance, due to its location at the foot of Mount Olympus....


See also


  • Macedon
    Macedon

    Macedon or Macedonia was the name of a monarchy centred in the northernmost part of ancient Greece. The homeland of the ancient Macedonians, it was bordered by the kingdom of Epirus to the west and the region of Thrace to the east....
  • Macedonia (region)
    Macedonia (region)

    Macedonia is a geographical and Historical regions of the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe whose area was re-defined in the early 20th century....