Lyxose is an aldopentose — a
monosaccharideMonosaccharides are the most basic unit of carbohydrates. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some monosaccharides have a sweet taste. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose , fructose , galactose, xylose and ribose...
containing five
carbonCarbon is the chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds...
atomThe atom is a basic unit of matter consisting of a dense, central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. The atomic nucleus contains a mix of positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons...
s, and including an
aldehydeAn aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal carbonyl group. This functional group, which consists of a carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and double-bonded to an oxygen atom , is called the aldehyde group...
functional groupIn organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reaction regardless of the size of the molecule it is a part...
. It has
chemical formulaA chemical formula or molecular formula is a way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound....
5105.
Lyxose occurs only rarely in nature; for example, as a component of bacterial
glycolipidGlycolipids are carbohydrate-attached lipids. Their role is to provide energy and also serve as markers for cellular recognition.They occur where a carbohydrate chain is associated with phospholipids on the exoplasmic surface of the cell membrane. The carbohydrates are found on the outer surface...
s.
- Arabinose
Arabinose is an aldopentose – a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including an aldehyde functional group.For biosynthetic reasons, most saccharides are almost always more abundant in nature as the "
D"-form, or structurally analogous to...
- Deoxyribose
Deoxyribose, also known as
D-Deoxyribose and 2-deoxyribose, is an aldopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including an aldehyde functional group in its linear structure...
- Ribose
Ribose, primarily occurring as
D-ribose, is an organic compound that occurs widely in nature. It is an aldopentose, that is a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms that, in its acyclic form, has an aldehyde functional group at one end. This species predominantly exists in the...
- Ribulose
Ribulose is a ketopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group. It has chemical formula
5105. Two enantiomers are possible, D-ribulose and L-ribulose...
- Xylose
Xylose , or wood sugar, is an aldopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms and including an aldehyde functional group. It has chemical formula 5105. Xylose is found in the embryos of most edible plants. It was first isolated from wood by Koch...
- Xylulose
Xylulose is a ketopentose, a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group. It has the chemical formula 5105...
Discussion
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Lyxose is an aldopentose — a
monosaccharideMonosaccharides are the most basic unit of carbohydrates. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some monosaccharides have a sweet taste. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose , fructose , galactose, xylose and ribose...
containing five
carbonCarbon is the chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds...
atomThe atom is a basic unit of matter consisting of a dense, central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. The atomic nucleus contains a mix of positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons...
s, and including an
aldehydeAn aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal carbonyl group. This functional group, which consists of a carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and double-bonded to an oxygen atom , is called the aldehyde group...
functional groupIn organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reaction regardless of the size of the molecule it is a part...
. It has
chemical formulaA chemical formula or molecular formula is a way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound....
5105.
Lyxose occurs only rarely in nature; for example, as a component of bacterial
glycolipidGlycolipids are carbohydrate-attached lipids. Their role is to provide energy and also serve as markers for cellular recognition.They occur where a carbohydrate chain is associated with phospholipids on the exoplasmic surface of the cell membrane. The carbohydrates are found on the outer surface...
s.
See also
- Arabinose
Arabinose is an aldopentose – a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including an aldehyde functional group.For biosynthetic reasons, most saccharides are almost always more abundant in nature as the "
D"-form, or structurally analogous to...
- Deoxyribose
Deoxyribose, also known as
D-Deoxyribose and 2-deoxyribose, is an aldopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including an aldehyde functional group in its linear structure...
- Ribose
Ribose, primarily occurring as
D-ribose, is an organic compound that occurs widely in nature. It is an aldopentose, that is a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms that, in its acyclic form, has an aldehyde functional group at one end. This species predominantly exists in the...
- Ribulose
Ribulose is a ketopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group. It has chemical formula
5105. Two enantiomers are possible, D-ribulose and L-ribulose...
- Xylose
Xylose , or wood sugar, is an aldopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms and including an aldehyde functional group. It has chemical formula 5105. Xylose is found in the embryos of most edible plants. It was first isolated from wood by Koch...
- Xylulose
Xylulose is a ketopentose, a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group. It has the chemical formula 5105...
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