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Luminescence
 
 
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Luminescence is light
Light

Light, or visible light, is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength that is Visible spectrum to the human eye , or up to 380?750 nm. In the broader field of physics, light is sometimes used to refer to electromagnetic radiation of all wavelengths, whether visible or not....
 that usually occurs at low temperatures, and is thus a form of cold body radiation. It can be caused by chemical reaction
Chemical reaction

A chemical reaction is a process that always results in the interconversion of chemical substances. The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants....
s, electrical energy, subatomic motions, or stress
Stress (physics)

In continuum mechanics, stress is a measure of the average amount of force exerted per unit area. It is a measure of the intensity of the total internal forces acting within a body across imaginary internal surfaces, as a reaction to external applied forces and body forces....
 on a crystal
Crystal

A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions....
. This distinguishes luminescence from incandescence
Incandescence

Incandescence is the emission of light from a hot body due to its temperature. The term derives from the verb incandesce, to grow white....
, which is light generated by high temperatures.






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Luminol
Luminescence is light
Light

Light, or visible light, is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength that is Visible spectrum to the human eye , or up to 380?750 nm. In the broader field of physics, light is sometimes used to refer to electromagnetic radiation of all wavelengths, whether visible or not....
 that usually occurs at low temperatures, and is thus a form of cold body radiation. It can be caused by chemical reaction
Chemical reaction

A chemical reaction is a process that always results in the interconversion of chemical substances. The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants....
s, electrical energy, subatomic motions, or stress
Stress (physics)

In continuum mechanics, stress is a measure of the average amount of force exerted per unit area. It is a measure of the intensity of the total internal forces acting within a body across imaginary internal surfaces, as a reaction to external applied forces and body forces....
 on a crystal
Crystal

A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions....
. This distinguishes luminescence from incandescence
Incandescence

Incandescence is the emission of light from a hot body due to its temperature. The term derives from the verb incandesce, to grow white....
, which is light generated by high temperatures. Historically, radioactivity was thought of as a form of "radioluminescence", although it is today considered to be separate since it involves more than electromagnetic radiation.

The dials, hands, scales and signs of aviation and navigational instruments and markings are often coated with luminescent materials, in a process known as luminising.

The following are types of luminescence:
  • Chemoluminescence
    Chemoluminescence

    Chemiluminescence is the emission oflight with limited emission of heat , as the result of a chemical reaction. Given reactants A and B, with an excited reactive intermediate ?,...
    , resulting of a chemical reaction
    Chemical reaction

    A chemical reaction is a process that always results in the interconversion of chemical substances. The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants....
    • Bioluminescence
      Bioluminescence

      Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism as the result of a chemical reaction during which chemical energy is converted to light energy....
      , by a living organism
  • Crystalloluminescence
    Crystalloluminescence

    Crystalloluminescence is the effect of luminescence produced during crystallization.The abstract of an article by B. P. Chandra, V. Kalia and S....
    , produced during crystallization
    Crystallization

    Crystallization is the process of formation of solid crystals Precipitation from a solution, melting or more rarely Deposition directly from a gas....
  • Electroluminescence
    Electroluminescence

    Electroluminescence is an optical phenomenon and electrical phenomenon in which a material emits light in response to an electric current passed through it, or to a strong electric field....
    , in response to an electric current passed through it
    • Cathodoluminescence
      Cathodoluminescence

      Cathodoluminescence is an optical p and electrical phenomenon phenomenon whereby a beam of electrons is generated by an electron gun and then impacts on a luminescent material such as a phosphor, causing the material to emit visible light....
      , where beam of electrons impacts on a luminescent material such as a phosphor
  • Mechanoluminescence
    Mechanoluminescence

    Mechanoluminescence is light emission resulting from any mechanical action on a solid. It can be produced through ultrasound, or through other means....
    , resulting from any mechanical action on a solid
    • Triboluminescence
      Triboluminescence

      Triboluminescence is an optical phenomenon in which light is generated when asymmetrical crystal bonds in a material are broken when that material is scratched, crushed, or rubbed....
      , generated when bonds in a material are broken when that material is scratched, crushed, or rubbed
    • Fractoluminescence
      Triboluminescence

      Triboluminescence is an optical phenomenon in which light is generated when asymmetrical crystal bonds in a material are broken when that material is scratched, crushed, or rubbed....
      , generated when bonds in certain crystals are broken by fractures
    • Piezoluminescence, produced by the action of pressure on certain solids
  • Photoluminescence
    Photoluminescence

    Photoluminescence is a process in which a substance absorbs photons and then re-radiates photons. quantum mechanics, this can be described as an Quantum jump to a higher energy level and then a return to a lower energy state accompanied by the emission of a photon....
    , absorption of photons causing re-radiation of photons
    • Phosphorescence
      Phosphorescence

      File:Phosphorescence.jpgFile:Phosphorescent.jpgPhosphorescence is a specific type of photoluminescence related to fluorescent. Unlike fluorescence, a phosphorescent material does not immediately re-emit the radiation it absorbs....
      , delayed re-radiation
    • Fluorescence
      Fluorescence

      Fluorescence is a luminescence that is mostly found as an optical phenomenon in cold bodies, in which the molecular absorption of a photon triggers the emission of a photon with a longer wavelength....
      , where the emitted photons are of lower energy than those absorbed
  • Radioluminescence
    Radioluminescence

    Radioluminescence is the phenomenon by which luminescence is produced in a material by the bombardment of ionizing radiation such as beta particles....
    , produced in a material by the bombardment of ionizing radiation
  • Sonoluminescence
    Sonoluminescence

    Sonoluminescence is the emission of short bursts of light from Implosion Liquid bubbles in a liquid when excited by sound....
    , from imploding bubbles in a liquid when excited by sound
  • Thermoluminescence
    Thermoluminescence

    Thermoluminescence is a form of luminescence when absorbed light is re-emitted on heating.Some mineral substances such as fluorite store energy when exposed to ultraviolet or other ionising radiation....
    , when absorbed light is re-emitted on heating.


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