Luis José de Orbegoso
Encyclopedia
Luis José de Orbegoso y Moncada count De Olmos (1795 – 1847), an aristocratic Peru
Peru
Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....

vian soldier and politician, was President of Peru from 1833 to 1836. This was a time of profound social instability and continuing civil war which led his government to coexist with that of Pedro Pablo Bermúdez
Pedro Pablo Bermúdez
Pedro Pablo Bermúdez Ascarza was a Peruvian politician and a member of the Peruvian military. He was briefly President of Peru between January and April 1834....

, and later with Felipe Santiago Salaverry
Felipe Santiago Salaverry
Felipe Santiago de Salaverry was a Peruvian soldier, politician and, from 1835 to 1836, President of Peru.He studied in the College of San Carlos in Lima...

.

Orbegoso was born in Chuquizongo, Huamachuco
Huamachuco
Huamachuco is a town in Northern Peru, capital of the province Sánchez Carrión in the region La Libertad. The city is the seat of the Territorial Prelature of Huamachuco. Lake Sausacocha lies to the northeast.-Bank:Branch of Caja Trujillo....

, in 1799. His parents were Justo de Orbegoso y Burutarán and Francisca Moncada-Galindo y Morales. He participated with José de San Martín
José de San Martín
José Francisco de San Martín, known simply as Don José de San Martín , was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence from Spain.Born in Yapeyú, Corrientes , he left his mother country at the...

 in the war for independence and in the war against Gran Colombia
Gran Colombia
Gran Colombia is a name used today for the state that encompassed much of northern South America and part of southern Central America from 1819 to 1831. This short-lived republic included the territories of present-day Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Panama, northern Peru and northwest Brazil. The...

 during the government of José de La Mar
José de la Mar
José de la Mar was a South American military leader.He was born in Cuenca in what today is Ecuador. He spent his early childhood in Spain, where he started his military career...

. After the death of Agustín Gamarra
Agustín Gamarra
Agustín Gamarra Messia was a Peruvian soldier and politician, becoming twice President of Peru from 1829 to 1833 and from 1838 to 1841....

's first government, Orbegoso was elected president in 1833, winning over Pedro Pablo Bermúdez
Pedro Pablo Bermúdez
Pedro Pablo Bermúdez Ascarza was a Peruvian politician and a member of the Peruvian military. He was briefly President of Peru between January and April 1834....

, whom Gamarra had preferred as his successor.

During his government, he suffered the enmity of Gamarra, who while in exile had supported Bermúdez in his eventual presidency. Orbegoso had also to deal with the young Felipe Santiago Salaverry
Felipe Santiago Salaverry
Felipe Santiago de Salaverry was a Peruvian soldier, politician and, from 1835 to 1836, President of Peru.He studied in the College of San Carlos in Lima...

, who overthrew him 1835. Orbegoso, however, did not lose the support of southern Peru and, with the support of then President of Bolivia, Andrés de Santa Cruz
Andrés de Santa Cruz
Andrés de Santa Cruz y Calahumana was President of Peru and Bolivia...

, he regained his leadership throughout the country and executed Salaverry. In retribution to the support he received from Santa Cruz, he acceeded to form the new Peru-Bolivian Confederacy. Santa Cruz assumed the "Supreme Protectorship" of the confederation and Orbegoso maintained only the presidency of the Republic of North Peru.

After being defeated by Gamarra's efforts to regain power with the support of Chile
Chile
Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...

, Orbegoso had to abandon the country, returning later and staying away from an active political life. He died in Trujillo
Trujillo, Peru
Trujillo, in northwestern Peru, is the capital of the La Libertad Region, and the third largest city in Peru. The urban area has 811,979 inhabitants and is an economic hub in northern Peru...

in 1847.
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