Lucenec
Encyclopedia
Lučenec is a town in the Banská Bystrica Region
of south-central Slovakia
. Historically, it was part, and in the 18th century the capital, of the Nógrád
county of the Kingdom of Hungary
. In 1918, as a result of the Treaty of Trianon
, it became a part of Czechoslovakia
. The town has a large abandoned synagogue
, built in 1924, which served a large Jewish population before World War II
.
Lučenec is the economic centre of the whole Novohrad
region, which includes districts Rimavská Sobota
, Poltár
and Veľký Krtíš
.
s.
Slavs moved to this area in the 6th and 7th century as the first permanent settlers and the Hungarians joined them in the 10th century.
The first indirect mention of Lučenec was in 1128, when Lambert built a chapel in honour of Virgin Mary. The first direct mention of Lučenec was in 1247 under the name Luchunch, but until the first half of the 15th century it was only a village, and was located off the main trade routes. In 1442, Lučenec was conquered by the Hussites troops under command of John Jiskra of Brandýs
and in 1451 the Battle of Lučenec took place near the village between the troops of John Hunyadi
and those of Jiskra, where the latter emerged victorious.
After the fall of the Fiľakovo
castle in 1554, Lučenec was under the control of the Ottomans
and their vassals until 1593, although they were threatening the town until late 17th century. The town was burned down many times until the first half of the 19th century, when during the Revolutions of 1848
/1849 it was occupied by the Russian imperial troops.
The town underwent modernization in the 19th and 20th centuries, for example, new industries like brickworks or tanneries were built, telegraph line in 1865, and in 1871 it was connected to the railway connecting Budapest
and Žilina
. After World War I
, Lučenec became part of Czechoslovakia, and, briefly in 1919, part of the Slovak Soviet Republic
. In 1938, Lučenec was annexed to Hungary as a result of the First Vienna Award
, and this lasted until 1945 when it was returned to Czechoslovakia.
(13%), 428 Germans, 9 Romas, 1 Ruthenian, 12 Croatians, 18 Serbans and 162 others. After the Treaty of Trianon
a strong slovakization had started. According to the 2001 census, there were 28,332 people living in the town, with majority of them being Slovaks
(81.63%), with a minority of Hungarians (13.11%) and with a small percentage of Roma (2.32%), Czechs
(0.61%) and others. The religious make-up was: 56.56% Roman Catholics, 21.12% people with no religious affiliation and 14.77% Lutherans.
with the following: Bogoroditsk
, Tula Oblast
, Russia
Banská Bystrica Region
The Banská Bystrica Region is one of the Slovak regions in the country of Slovakia in Europe.-Geography:It is located in the central part of Slovakia and has an area of 9,455 km². The region is prevailingly mountains, with several ranges within the area. The highest of them are the Low Tatras...
of south-central Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
. Historically, it was part, and in the 18th century the capital, of the Nógrád
Nógrád
Nógrád is a village in Nógrád County, Hungary.- External links :*...
county of the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
. In 1918, as a result of the Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
, it became a part of Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...
. The town has a large abandoned synagogue
Synagogue
A synagogue is a Jewish house of prayer. This use of the Greek term synagogue originates in the Septuagint where it sometimes translates the Hebrew word for assembly, kahal...
, built in 1924, which served a large Jewish population before World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
.
Lučenec is the economic centre of the whole Novohrad
Nógrád (former county)
Nógrád was the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in southern Slovakia and in northern present-day Hungary. The name Novohrad is still used in Slovakia as an informal designation of the corresponding territory...
region, which includes districts Rimavská Sobota
Rimavská Sobota District
Rimavská Sobota District is a district in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia.Until 1918, the district was mostly part of the Hungarian county of Gemer a Malohont, apart from Konrádovce in the south-west which was part of the county of...
, Poltár
Poltár District
Poltár District is a district inthe Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. Until 1918, the district was split between the Hungarian counties of Nógrád and Gemer a Malohont.-Municipalities:*Breznička*Cinobaňa*České Brezovo...
and Veľký Krtíš
Velký Krtíš District
Veľký Krtíš District is a district inthe Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. Until 1918, the district was split between the Hungarian counties of Hont and Nógrád.-Municipalities:*Balog nad Ipľom*Bátorová*Brusník...
.
History
Lučenec and its surroundings were inhabited in the Stone AgeStone Age
The Stone Age is a broad prehistoric period, lasting about 2.5 million years , during which humans and their predecessor species in the genus Homo, as well as the earlier partly contemporary genera Australopithecus and Paranthropus, widely used exclusively stone as their hard material in the...
s.
Slavs moved to this area in the 6th and 7th century as the first permanent settlers and the Hungarians joined them in the 10th century.
The first indirect mention of Lučenec was in 1128, when Lambert built a chapel in honour of Virgin Mary. The first direct mention of Lučenec was in 1247 under the name Luchunch, but until the first half of the 15th century it was only a village, and was located off the main trade routes. In 1442, Lučenec was conquered by the Hussites troops under command of John Jiskra of Brandýs
John Jiskra
Jan Jiskra z Brandýsa , in English sometimes referred as John Giskra, was a Czech strategist and mercenary soldier.-Early life:...
and in 1451 the Battle of Lučenec took place near the village between the troops of John Hunyadi
John Hunyadi
John Hunyadi John Hunyadi (Hungarian: Hunyadi János , Medieval Latin: Ioannes Corvinus or Ioannes de Hunyad, Romanian: Iancu (Ioan) de Hunedoara, Croatian: Janko Hunjadi, Serbian: Сибињанин Јанко / Sibinjanin Janko, Slovak: Ján Huňady) John Hunyadi (Hungarian: Hunyadi János , Medieval Latin: ...
and those of Jiskra, where the latter emerged victorious.
After the fall of the Fiľakovo
Filakovo
Fiľakovo is a town in the Banská Bystrica Region of south-central Slovakia. Historically it was part of the Nógrád region.-Geography:...
castle in 1554, Lučenec was under the control of the Ottomans
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
and their vassals until 1593, although they were threatening the town until late 17th century. The town was burned down many times until the first half of the 19th century, when during the Revolutions of 1848
Revolutions of 1848
The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations, Springtime of the Peoples or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout Europe in 1848. It was the first Europe-wide collapse of traditional authority, but within a year reactionary...
/1849 it was occupied by the Russian imperial troops.
The town underwent modernization in the 19th and 20th centuries, for example, new industries like brickworks or tanneries were built, telegraph line in 1865, and in 1871 it was connected to the railway connecting Budapest
Budapest
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
and Žilina
Žilina
Žilina is a city in north-western Slovakia, around from the capital Bratislava, close to both the Czech and Polish borders. It is the fourth largest city of Slovakia with a population of approximately 85,000, an important industrial center, the largest city on the Váh river, and the seat of a...
. After World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, Lučenec became part of Czechoslovakia, and, briefly in 1919, part of the Slovak Soviet Republic
Slovak Soviet Republic
The Slovak Soviet Republic comprised a very short-lived communist state in south and eastern Slovakia from 16 June to 7 July 1919, with its capital in...
. In 1938, Lučenec was annexed to Hungary as a result of the First Vienna Award
First Vienna Award
The First Vienna Award was the result of the First Vienna Arbitration, which took place at Vienna's Belvedere Palace on November 2, 1938. The Arbitration and Award were direct consequences of the Munich Agreement...
, and this lasted until 1945 when it was returned to Czechoslovakia.
Climate
Lučenec has a continental climate with four alternating seasons. It means hot summers and cold winters. There is high amount sunshine days with short time of duration of snow cover as well as the cover is relatively low. Near by Lučenec are located several water reservoirs such as Ľadovo, Mýtna, Málinec and most popular Ružiná.Demographics
In 1910, out of 12 939 inhabitants 10 634 were Hungarians (82%), 1675 SlovaksSlovaks
The Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...
(13%), 428 Germans, 9 Romas, 1 Ruthenian, 12 Croatians, 18 Serbans and 162 others. After the Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
a strong slovakization had started. According to the 2001 census, there were 28,332 people living in the town, with majority of them being Slovaks
Slovaks
The Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...
(81.63%), with a minority of Hungarians (13.11%) and with a small percentage of Roma (2.32%), Czechs
Czech people
Czechs, or Czech people are a western Slavic people of Central Europe, living predominantly in the Czech Republic. Small populations of Czechs also live in Slovakia, Austria, the United States, the United Kingdom, Chile, Argentina, Canada, Germany, Russia and other countries...
(0.61%) and others. The religious make-up was: 56.56% Roman Catholics, 21.12% people with no religious affiliation and 14.77% Lutherans.
Boroughs
Lučenec is divided into these boroughs:- Lučenec
- Opatová
- Malá Ves
- Rúbanisko
People
- Sándor PetőfiSándor PetofiSándor Petőfi , was a Hungarian poet and liberal revolutionary. He is considered as Hungary's national poet and he was one of the key figures of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848...
(1823–1849), hungarian poet - Božena Slančíková-Timrava (1867–1951)
- Ivan Saktor (b. 1954)
- Tibor SerlyTibor SerlyTibor Serly was a Hungarian violist, violinist and composer.He was one of the students of Zoltán Kodály. He greatly admired and became a young apprentice of Béla Bartók. His association with Bartók was for him both a blessing and a curse...
, hungarian classical composer
Sister cities
Lučenec is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with the following: Bogoroditsk
Bogoroditsk
Bogoroditsk is a town and the administrative center of Bogoroditsky District of Tula Oblast, Russia, located on the Upyorta River, a tributary of the Upa. Population:...
, Tula Oblast
Tula Oblast
Tula Oblast is a federal subject of Russia with its present borders formed on September 26, 1937. Its administrative center is the city of Tula. The oblast has an area of and a population of 1,553,874...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...