All Topics  
Lucca

 
Lucca

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Lucca
 
 
  Topics Lucca Topic Home

Lucca is a city in Tuscany
Tuscany

Tuscany is a region in Italy. It has an area of and a population of about 3.6 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence.Tuscany is known for its landscapes and its artistic legacy....
, northern central Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
, situated on the river Serchio
Serchio

At 126 kilometres the Serchio is the third longest river in the Italian region of Tuscany, coming after the Arno River and the Ombrone . By mean rate of flow it is the second largest, following the Arno but preceding the Ombrone....
 in a fertile plain near (but not on) the Ligurian Sea
Ligurian Sea

The Ligurian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, between the Italian Riviera and the islands of Corsica and Elba. The sea is probably named after the ancient Ligures people....
. It is the capital city of the Province of Lucca
Province of Lucca

The Province of Lucca is a Provinces of Italy in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lucca.It has an area of 1,773 km?, and a total population of 372,244 ....
. Among other reasons, it is famous for its intact Renaissance-era city walls (although the city has expanded beyond the wall's boundaries).

a was founded by the Etruscans
Etruscan civilization

Etruscan civilization is the modern English name given to the culture and way of life of a people of ancient Italy and Corsica whom the ancient Romans called Etrusci or Tusci....
 (there are traces of a pre-existing Ligurian settlement) and became a Roman
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 colony in 180 BC.






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Lucca'
Start a new discussion about 'Lucca'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


Lucca is a city in Tuscany
Tuscany

Tuscany is a region in Italy. It has an area of and a population of about 3.6 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence.Tuscany is known for its landscapes and its artistic legacy....
, northern central Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
, situated on the river Serchio
Serchio

At 126 kilometres the Serchio is the third longest river in the Italian region of Tuscany, coming after the Arno River and the Ombrone . By mean rate of flow it is the second largest, following the Arno but preceding the Ombrone....
 in a fertile plain near (but not on) the Ligurian Sea
Ligurian Sea

The Ligurian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, between the Italian Riviera and the islands of Corsica and Elba. The sea is probably named after the ancient Ligures people....
. It is the capital city of the Province of Lucca
Province of Lucca

The Province of Lucca is a Provinces of Italy in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lucca.It has an area of 1,773 km?, and a total population of 372,244 ....
. Among other reasons, it is famous for its intact Renaissance-era city walls (although the city has expanded beyond the wall's boundaries).

History


Ancient and medieval city

Lucca was founded by the Etruscans
Etruscan civilization

Etruscan civilization is the modern English name given to the culture and way of life of a people of ancient Italy and Corsica whom the ancient Romans called Etrusci or Tusci....
 (there are traces of a pre-existing Ligurian settlement) and became a Roman
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 colony in 180 BC. The rectangular grid of its historical center preserves the Roman street plan, and the Piazza San Michele occupies the site of the ancient forum
Forum (Roman)

The Forum was the public space in the middle of a Ancient Rome city.A gathering place of great social significance, it was often the scene of diverse activities, including political discussions, meetings, et cetera....
. Traces of the amphitheatre
Amphitheatre

An amphitheatre is an open-air venue for spectator sports, concerts, rallies, or theatrical performances. There are two similar, but distinct types of amphitheatres: Ancient amphitheatres, built by the ancient Rome, were large central performance spaces surrounded by ascending seating, and were commonly used for spectator sports; these comp...
 can still be seen in the Piazza dell'Anfiteatro.

Frediano, an Irish
Ireland

Ireland is the List of islands by area in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islet....
 monk
Monk

A Monk is a person who practices religious asceticism, the unconditioning of mind and body in favor of the realization of one's true nature, and does so living either alone or with any number of like-minded people, whilst always maintaining some degree of physical separation from those not sharing the same purpose....
, was bishop of Lucca in the early 5th century. At one point, Lucca was plundered by Odoacer
Odoacer

Odoacer , also known as Odovacar , was a Germanic general and the first non-Roman King of Italy after 476. He deposed the last Western Roman Emperor, Romulus Augustus, that year, but continued to rule first as a nominal client of Julius Nepos and, after Nepos' death in AD 480, as a client of the Eastern Roman Emperor....
, the first Germanic King of Italy. Lucca was an important city and fortress even in the 6th century, when Narses
Narses

Narses was, with Belisarius, one of the great generals in the service of the Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I during the so-called "Reconquest" that took place during Justinian's reign....
 besieged it for several months in 553. Under the Lombards
Lombards

The Lombards were a Germanic peoples originally from Northern Europe who settled in the valley of the Danube and from there invaded Byzantine Italian peninsula in 568 under the leadership of Alboin....
, it was the seat of a duke who minted his own coins. The Holy Face of Lucca
Holy Face of Lucca

The Holy Face of Lucca is the venerated wooden corpus of a crucifix, located in the free-standing octagonal Carrara marble chapel , which was built by the famous Early Renaissance sculptor of Lucca, Matteo Civitali, in 1484 to contain it; the image in its tempietto stands in the right-hand nave of the Duomo di San Martino, Lucca, It...
 (or Volto Santo), a major relic supposedly carved by Nicodemus
Nicodemus

Nicodemus was a Pharisee and a member of the Sanhedrin, who, according to the Gospel of John, showed favour to Jesus. He appears three times in the Gospel: the first is when he visits Jesus one night to listen to his teachings ; the second is when he states the law concerning the arrest of Jesus during the Sukkot ; and the last follows the...
, arrived in 742. It became prosperous through the silk
Silk

Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be weaving into textiles. The best-known type of silk is obtained from Pupa#Cocoons made by the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity ....
 trade that began in the 11th century, and came to rival the silks of Byzantium
Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire and Eastern Roman Empire are conventional names used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople....
. During the 10-11th centuries Lucca was the capital of the feudal margravate of Tuscany, more or less independent but owing nominal allegiance to the Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Emperor

Image:HRR 14Jh.jpgThe Roman of the Emperor's title was a reflection of the translatio imperii principle that regarded the Holy Roman Emperors as the inheritors of the title of Emperor of the Western Roman Empire, a title left unclaimed in the West after the death of Julius Nepos in 480....
.

After the death of Matilda of Tuscany
Matilda of Tuscany

Matilda of Canossa , called la Gran Contessa or the Great Countess, was an italy noblewoman, the principal Italian supporter of Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy....
, the city began to constitute itself an independent commune
Medieval commune

Communes in Europe during the Middle Ages were sworn allegiances of mutual defense among the citizens of a town or city. They took many forms, and varied widely in organization and makeup....
, with a charter in 1160. For almost 500 years, Lucca remained an independent republic. There were many minor provinces in the region between southern Liguria
Liguria

Liguria is a coastal Regions of Italy of north-western Italy, the third smallest of the Italian regions. Its capital is Genoa. It is a popular region with tourists for its beautiful beaches, picturesque little towns, and food....
 and northern Tuscany dominated by the Malaspina
Malaspina

Malaspina can refer to:People*The Italian noble Malaspina family. Members of this family include:*Alessandro Malaspina, Spanish-Italian explorer...
; Tuscany in this time was a part of feudal Europe. Dante
Dante Alighieri

Durante degli Alighieri , commonly known as Dante Alighieri, was a Florence poet of the Middle Ages. His Magnum opus, the Divine Comedy , is often considered the greatest literary work composed in the Italian language and a masterpiece of world literature....
’s Divine Comedy includes many references to the great feudal families who had huge jurisdictions with administrative and judicial rights. Dante
Dante Alighieri

Durante degli Alighieri , commonly known as Dante Alighieri, was a Florence poet of the Middle Ages. His Magnum opus, the Divine Comedy , is often considered the greatest literary work composed in the Italian language and a masterpiece of world literature....
 spent some of his exile in Lucca.

In 1273 and again in 1277 Lucca was ruled by a Guelph
Guelphs and Ghibellines

The Guelphs and Ghibellines were Political factions supporting, respectively, the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor in central and northern Italy during the 12th and 13th centuries....
 capitano del popolo (captain of the people) named Luchetto Gattilusio
Luchetto Gattilusio

Luchetto Gattilusio was a Republic of Genoa statesman, diplomat, and man of letters. As a Guelphs and Ghibellines he played an important role in wider Lombardy politics and as a troubadour in the Occitan language he composed three poetic descriptions of his time....
. In 1314, internal discord allowed Uguccione della Faggiuola
Uguccione della Faggiuola

Uguccione della Faggiuola was an Italy condottieri, and chief magistrate of Pisa, Lucca and Forl? ....
 of Pisa to make himself lord of Lucca. The Lucchesi expelled him two years later, and handed over the city to another condottiere Castruccio Castracani
Castruccio Castracani

Castruccio Castracani degli Antelminelli was an Italian people condottieri and duke of Lucca....
, under whose rule it became a leading state in central Italy. Lucca rivalled Florence
Florence

Florence is the Capital city of the Italy Regions of Italy of Tuscany and of the provinces of Italy Province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany and has a population of 364,779 ....
 until Castracani's death in 1328. On 22 and 23 September 1325, in the battle of Altopascio
Battle of Altopascio

The Battle of Altopascio was a battle fought in 1325 in Tuscany, between the Ghibelline forces of Castruccio Castracani and the Guelph ones of the Republic of Florence....
, Castracani defeated Florence
Florence

Florence is the Capital city of the Italy Regions of Italy of Tuscany and of the provinces of Italy Province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany and has a population of 364,779 ....
's Guelphs. For this he was nominated by Louis IV the Bavarian to become duke of Lucca. Castracani's tomb is in the church of San Francesco. His biography is Machiavelli
Niccolò Machiavelli

Niccol? di Bernardo dei Machiavelli is the philosopher, writer, and Italian politician considered the founder of modern political science. As a Renaissance Man, he was a Diplomacy, Political philosophy, musician, poet, and playwright, but, foremost, he was a Civil Servant of the Florence....
's third famous book on political rule.

In 1408, Lucca hosted the convocation
Convocation

A Convocation is a group of people formally assembled for a special purpose.In some Universities for example, the term "convocation" refers specifically to the entirety of the alumni of the university, which function as one of the university's representative bodies....
 intended to end the schism in the papacy. Occupied by the troops of Louis of Bavaria, the city was sold to a rich Genoese, Gherardino Spinola, then seized by John, king of Bohemia. Pawned to the Rossi of Parma, by them it was ceded to Martino della Scala of Verona
Verona

Verona is a city in Veneto, northern Italy, one of the seven provincial capitals in the region. It is one of the main tourist destinations in north-eastern Italy, thanks to its artistic heritage, several annual fairs, shows and operas, such as the lyrical season in the Arena, the ancient amphitheatre built by the Romans....
, sold to the Florentines, surrendered to the Pisans, and then nominally liberated by the emperor Charles IV
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor

Charles IV , born Wenceslaus , was the eleventh king of Bohemia from the House of Luxembourg, and Holy Roman Emperor.He was the eldest son and heir of John of Bohemia, who died on 26 August 1346, thus Charles inherited the Count of Luxembourg and the King of Bohemia....
 and governed by his vicar. Lucca managed, at first as a democracy
Democracy

Democracy is a form of government in which power is held directly or indirectly by citizens under a free electoral system. It is derived from the Greek language d?????at?a , "popular government" which was coined from d???? , "people" and ???t?? , "rule, strength" in the middle of the 5th-4th century BC to denote the political syst...
, and after 1628 as an oligarchy
Oligarchy

Oligarchy is a form of government where political power effectively rests with a small Elitism segment of society distinguished by royalty, wealth, family, military influence or occult spiritual hegemony....
, to maintain its independence alongside of Venice
Venice

Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital city of the Italian regions Veneto, a population of 271,251 . Together with Padua, Italy, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area ....
 and Genoa
Genoa

Genoa is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. The city has a population of about 610,000 and the urban area has a population of about 900,000....
, and painted the word Libertas on its banner until the French Revolution in 1789.

Republic of Lucca and Napoleon's takeover

Lucca was the second largest Italian city state (after Venice
Venice

Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital city of the Italian regions Veneto, a population of 271,251 . Together with Padua, Italy, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area ....
) with a republican constitution ("comune") to remain independent over the centuries.

In 1805, Lucca was taken over by Napoleon
Napoleon I of France

Napoleon Bonaparte later known as Emperor Napoleon I, was a military and political leader of France whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century....
, who put his sister Elisa Bonaparte Baciocchi
Elisa Bonaparte

Maria Anna Elisa Bonaparte Baciocchi, Princesse Fran?aise, Duchess of Lucca and Princess of Piombino, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Comtesse de Compignano was the fourth surviving child and eldest surviving daughter of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino....
 in charge as "Queen of Etruria". This affair is commemorated in the famous first sentence of Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy

Leo Tolstoy, or Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy Tolstoy's further talents as essayist, dramatist and Education reform made him the most influential member of the aristocracy Tolstoy....
's War and Peace
War and Peace

War and Peace is a novel by Leo Tolstoy, first published from 1865 to 1869 in Russkiy Vestnik , which tells the story of Russian society during the Napoleonic Era....
:

"Well, Prince, so Genoa and Lucca are now just family estates of the Bonapartes.(...) And what do you think of this latest comedy, the coronation at Milan, the comedy of the people of Genoa and Lucca laying their petitions [to be annexed to France] before Monsieur Bonaparte, and Monsieur Bonaparte sitting on a throne and granting the petitions of the nations?" (spoken by a thoroughly anti-Bonapartist Russian aristocrat, soon after the news reached St. Petersburg).


After 1815 it became a Bourbon-Parma duchy
Duchy of Lucca

The Duchy of Lucca was an Italy state existing from 1815 to 1847. It was centered on the city of Lucca.The Duchy was formed in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna, out of the former Republic of Lucca and the Principality of Lucca, which had been ruled by Elisa Bonaparte....
, then part of Tuscany
Grand Duchy of Tuscany

The Grand Duchy of Tuscany 2 was a state in central Italy that existed from 1569 to 1859, replacing the Duchy of Florence, which had been created out of the old Republic of Florence in 1532, and which annexed the Republic of Siena in 1557....
 in 1847 and finally part of the Italian State
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
.

Frazioni

The municipal territory of Lucca includes eighty-one “Frazioni”:
  • Antraccoli
  • Aquilea
  • Arancio
  • Arliano
  • Arsina
  • Balbano
  • Cappella
  • Carignano
  • Castagnori
  • Castiglioncello
  • Cerasomma
  • Chiatri
  • Ciciana
  • Deccio di Brancoli
  • Fagnano
  • Farneta
  • Gattaiola
  • Gignano di Brancoli
  • Maggiano
  • Massa Pisana
  • Mastiano
  • Meati
  • Monte San Quirico
  • Montuolo
  • Mutigliano
  • Mugnano
  • Nave
  • Nozzano
  • Nozzano San Pietro
  • Nozzano Vecchia
  • Ombreglio di Brancoli
  • Palmata
  • Piaggione
  • Piazza di Brancoli
  • Piazzano
  • Picciorana
  • Pieve di Brancoli
  • Pieve Santo Stefano
  • Ponte a Moriano
  • Ponte del Giglio
  • Ponte San Pietro
  • Pontetetto
  • Saltocchio
  • San Cassiano a Vico
  • San Cassano di Moriano
  • San Concordio di Moriano
  • San Donato
  • San Filippo
  • San Gimignano
  • San Giusto di Brancoli
  • San Lorenzo a Vaccoli
  • San Lorenzo di Moriano
  • San Macario in monte
  • San Macario in piano
  • San Michele di Moriano
  • San Michele in Escheto
  • San Pancazio
  • San Pietro a Vico
  • San Quirico in Moriano
  • San Vito
  • Sant'Alessio
  • Sant'Angelo in Campo
  • Sant'Ilario di Brancoli
  • Santa Maria a Colle
  • Santa Maria del Giudice
  • Santissima Annunziata
  • Santo Stefano di Moriano
  • Sesto di Moriano
  • Sorbano del Giudice
  • Sorbano del Vescovo
  • Stabbiano
  • Tempagnano di Lunata
  • Torre alla Maddalena
  • Torre Alta
  • Tramonte
  • Tramonte di Brancoli
  • Vallebuia
  • Vecoli
  • Vicopelago
  • Vinchiana


Anfiteatro

Main sights


The walls around the old town remained intact as the city expanded and modernized, unusual for cities in the region. As the walls lost their military importance, they became a pedestrian promenade which encircled the old town, although they were used for a number of years in the 20th century for racing cars. They are still fully intact today; each of the four principal sides is lined with a different tree species.

The Academy of Sciences (1584) is the most famous of several academies and libraries.

The Casa di Puccini is open to the public. At nearby Torre del Lago
Torre del Lago

Torre del Lago is a hamlet of almost 11,000 inhabitants, a frazione of the comune of Viareggio, in the province of Lucca, Tuscany, Italy, between the Lake of Massaciuccoli and the Tyrrhenian Sea....
 there is a Puccini
Giacomo Puccini

Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini was an Italians composer whose operas, including La boh?me, Tosca, Madama Butterfly and Turandot, are among the most frequently performed in the List of important operas....
 opera festival every year in July/August. Puccini had a house there.

There are many richly built medieval basilica-form churches in Lucca with rich arcaded facades and campaniles, a few as old as the 8th century.
  • Piazza dell'Anfiteatro
  • Piazzale Verdi
  • Piazza Napoleone
  • Piazza San Michele
  • Duomo di San Martino
    Duomo di San Martino

    The Cathedral of St Martin is a church in Lucca, Italy. It was begun in 1063 by Bishop Anselm . Of this structure, the great apse with its tall columnar arcades and the fine campanile remain....
     (St Martin's Cathedral
    Cathedral

    A cathedral is a Christian church that contains the seat of a bishop. It is a Religion building for worship, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Roman Catholic Church, Anglicanism, Orthodox Christian and some Lutheranism churches, which serves as a bishop's seat, and thus as the central church of a dioc...
    )
  • The Ducal
    Duke

    A duke is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy or a dukedom. The title comes from the Latin language Dux Bellorum, which had the sense of "military commander" and was employed by both the Germanic peoples themselves and by the Ancient Rome authors covering them to r...
     Palace
    Palace

    A palace is a grand residence, especially a royal residence or the home of a head of state or some other high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop....
     (The original project was begun by Bartolomeo Ammannati in 1577–1582, and continued by Filippo Juvarra
    Filippo Juvarra

    Filippo Juvarra, was an Italy architect and scene designer with a cosmopolitan outlook....
     in the 18th century.)
  • The ancient Roman amphitheatre
    Amphitheatre

    An amphitheatre is an open-air venue for spectator sports, concerts, rallies, or theatrical performances. There are two similar, but distinct types of amphitheatres: Ancient amphitheatres, built by the ancient Rome, were large central performance spaces surrounded by ascending seating, and were commonly used for spectator sports; these comp...
  • Church of San Michele in Foro
    San Michele in Foro

    San Michele in Foro is a basilica church in Lucca. It was built over the former Roman forum. Until 1370 it was the seat of the Consiglio Maggiore , the commune's most important assembly....
  • Basilica di San Frediano
    Basilica di San Frediano

    The Basilica of San Frediano is a Romanesque architecture church in Lucca, Italy, situated on the Piazza San Frediano.Fridianus was an Irish bishop of Lucca in the first half of the 6th century....
  • Torre delle ore ("The Clock
    Clock

    A clock is an instrument used for indicating and maintaining the time and passage thereof. The word clock is derived ultimately from the Celtic languages words clagan and clocca meaning "bell"....
     Tower
    Tower

    Towers are tall human-made structures that are always taller than they are wide, usually by a significant margin. Towers are generally built to take advantage of their height, and can stand alone or as part of a larger structure....
    ")
  • Casa and Torre Guinigi
  • Museo Nazionale Guinigi
  • Museo e Pinacoteca Nazionale
  • Orto Botanico Comunale di Lucca
    Orto Botanico Comunale di Lucca

    The Orto Botanico Comunale di Lucca is a botanical garden located at Via del Giardino Botanico, 14, Lucca, Italy, and operated by the city. It is open daily during the warmer months, and weekday mornings off-season....
    , a botanical garden
    Botanical garden

    Botanical gardens grow a wide variety of plants primarily to categorize and document for scientific purposes. Botanists and horticulturalists tend the flora and maintain the garden's library and herbarium of dried and documented plant material....
     dating from 1820
  • Palazzo Pfanner
    Palazzo Pfanner

    Palazzo Pfanner is a palace and gardens in Lucca, Italy, now converted into a museum of art and artifacts. The palazzo dates to 1667, and is notable mainly for its fine garden, attributed to Filippo Juvarra , and an interesting external stairway with loggia....
  • Villa Garzoni
    Villa Garzoni

    Villa Garzoni is a villa in Lucca . It was built in 1652 by the Garzoni family, on the site of the old castle at Collodi . The building stands on the edge of a cliff, and is notable for its giochi d'aqua, or water garden, constructed around a series of balustraded terraces and a staircase connecting the lower gardens at the base of th...
    , noted for its water gardens.
  • Church of San Giorgio in the locality of Brancoli, built in the late 12th century. It has a nave and two aisles with a single apse, and a bell tower in Lombard-Romanesque style ranked amongst the most beautiful in northern Italy. The interior houses a massive ambo
    Ambo

    Ambo may refer to:* Ambo, Ethiopia** Ambo , the woreda of the Ethiopian town* Ambo, an abbreviation for ambulance.** Ambo, Australian slang term for paramedic ...
     (1194) with four columns mounted on notable sculptures of lions. Also having notable medieval decoration is the octagonal baptismal font. The altar is supported by six small columns with human figures
  • Passeggiata Mura Urbane (which is a street all over the city on the bastions, and which pass from these balconies: Santa Croce, San Frediano, San Martino, San Pietro/Battisti, San Salvatore, La Libertà/Cairoli, San Regolo, San Colombano, Santa Maria, San Paolino/Catalani, and San Donato; also pass over these gates: Porta San Donato, Porta Santa Maria, Porta San Jocopo, Porta Elisa, Porta San Pietro, and Porta Sant' Anna.)
  • The fortified city is surround by these street: Piazzale Boccherini, Viale Lazzaro Papi, Viale Carlo Del Prete, Piazzale Martiri della Libertà, Via Batoni, Viale Agostino Marti, Viale G. Marconi, Piazza Don A. Mei, Viale Pacini, Viale Giusti, Piazza Curtatone, Piazzale Ricasoli, Viale Ricasoli, Piazza Risorgimento and Viale Giosuè Carducci from outside.


Culture


Lucca is the birthplace of composer
Composer

A composer is a person who creates music, usually in the medium of musical notation, for interpretation and performance. The level of distinction between composers and other musicians varies, which affects issues such as copyright and the deference given to individual interpretations of a particular piece of music....
s Giacomo Puccini
Giacomo Puccini

Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini was an Italians composer whose operas, including La boh?me, Tosca, Madama Butterfly and Turandot, are among the most frequently performed in the List of important operas....
 (La bohème
La bohème

La boh?me is an opera in four acts by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa, based on Sc?nes de la vie de boh?me by Henri Murger....
 and Madama Butterfly
Madama Butterfly

Madama Butterfly is an opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini, with an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa....
), Francesco Geminiani
Francesco Geminiani

Francesco Saverio Geminiani was an Italy violinist, composer, and music theory....
, Gioseffo Guami
Gioseffo Guami

Gioseffo Guami was an Italy composer, organ , and singer of the late Renaissance music Venetian School. He was a prolific composer of madrigal s and instrumental music, and was renowned as one of the finest organists in Italy in the late 16th century; he was also the principal teacher of Adriano Banchieri....
, Luigi Boccherini
Luigi Boccherini

Luigi Rodolfo Boccherini was an Italian classical music era composer and cello whose music retained a courtly and galante style while he matured somewhat apart from the major European musical centers....
, and Alfredo Catalani
Alfredo Catalani

Alfredo Catalani , was an Italian operatic composer. He is best remembered for his operas Loreley and La Wally , which was written to a libretto by Luigi Illica and features Catalani's most famous aria "Ebben? Ne andr? lontana"....
. It is also the birthplace of Bruno Menconi and artist Benedetto Brandimarte
Benedetto Brandimarte

Benedetto Brandimarte was an Italy painter of the late-Renaissance period. He was born in Lucca. In 1592, he painted for the church of San Benedetto in Genoa . He is also known as Brandimarti....
.

Lucca annually hosts the Lucca Summer Festival. The 2006 edition saw Eric Clapton
Eric Clapton

Eric Patrick Clapton Order of the British Empire is an English blues-rock guitarist, singer, songwriter and composer. He is "probably most famous for his mastery of the Stratocaster guitar." Clapton has been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Yardbirds, of Cream , and as a solo performer, being the only person to...
, Placebo
Placebo (band)

Placebo are an alternative rock musical ensemble formed in London in 1994, consisting of Brian Molko, Stefan Olsdal and Steve Forrest. To date, they have released five studio albums, six Extended plays and twenty-seven singles....
, Massive Attack
Massive Attack

Massive Attack are a United Kingdom trip hop group, founded in 1988 by Robert Del Naja, Daddy G, and Andrew Vowles in Bristol, England. The trio were together prior to the formation of this band, as part of The Wild Bunch ....
, Roger Waters
Roger Waters

George Roger Waters is an England rock music musician. He is best known as the bass guitar player and one of the main songwriters in the English rock band Pink Floyd from 1964 to 1985....
, Tracy Chapman
Tracy Chapman

Tracy Chapman is an United States singer-songwriter, best known for her singles "Fast Car", "Talkin' 'bout a Revolution", "Baby Can I Hold You", "Give Me One Reason", "New Beginning " and "Telling Stories"....
 and Santana
Santana (band)

Santana is a flexible number of musicians accompanying Carlos Santana since the late 1960s. Just like Santana himself, the band is known for helping make Latin rock famous in the rest of the world....
 play live in the Piazza Napoleone.

Lucca also hosts the annual Lucca Comics and Games
Lucca Comics and Games

Lucca Comics and Games is the most important annual Comic book convention and gaming convention in Italy, held in Lucca in November....
 festival, Italy's largest festival for comics
Comics

Comics is a graphic Mass media in which are utilized in order to convey a sequential narrative; the term, derived from massive early use to convey comic themes, came to be applied to all uses of this medium including those which are far from comic....
 and related subjects.

See also


  • Castruccio Castracani
    Castruccio Castracani

    Castruccio Castracani degli Antelminelli was an Italian people condottieri and duke of Lucca....
  • Duchy of Lucca
    Duchy of Lucca

    The Duchy of Lucca was an Italy state existing from 1815 to 1847. It was centered on the city of Lucca.The Duchy was formed in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna, out of the former Republic of Lucca and the Principality of Lucca, which had been ruled by Elisa Bonaparte....


Twin towns


  • Abingdon
    Abingdon, Oxfordshire

    Abingdon is a market town and civil parish in Oxfordshire in Southern England. It is the seat of the Vale of White Horse district. Previously the county town of Berkshire, Abingdon is one of several places which claim to be Oldest town in Britain....
    , United Kingdom
    United Kingdom

    The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
  • Colmar
    Colmar

    Colmar is a town and communes of France in the Haut-Rhin departments of France of Alsace, France, of which it is the Prefectures in France ....
    , France
    France

    France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
  • Golgolin, Poland
    Poland

    Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
  • Schongau, Germany
    Germany

    Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
  • Sint-Niklaas
    Sint-Niklaas

    Sint-Niklaas is a Belgium city and Municipalities in Belgium located in the Flemish Region Provinces of Belgium of East Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Sint-Niklaas proper and the towns of Belsele, Nieuwkerken-Waas, and Sinaai....
    , Belgium
    Belgium

    * A small German-speaking Community of Belgium exists in eastern Wallonia. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political and cultural conflicts are reflected in the history of Belgium and a complex Communities and regions of Belgium....
  • Buenos Aires
    Buenos Aires

    Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southern shore of the R?o de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent....
    , Argentina
    Argentina

    Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic , is a country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city....
  • Lucca Sicula
    Lucca Sicula

    Lucca Sicula is a comune in the Province of Agrigento in the Italy region Sicily, located about 60 km south of Palermo and about 40 km northwest of Agrigento....
    , Italy
    Italy

    Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
  • Panther's Contrade in Siena
    Siena

    Siena is a city in Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the province of Siena.The historic centre of Siena has been declared by UNESCO a World Heritage Site....


Notable people


Lucca Cattedrale San Martino Italy
* Saint Frediano
  • Pope Lucius III
    Pope Lucius III

    Pope Lucius III , born Ubaldo Allucingoli, was pope from September 1, 1181 to his death.A native of the independent republic of Lucca, he had close ties to Cistercian order, but it is not certain whether he had ever joined this order....
  • Saint Zita
    Zita

    Saint Zita was an Italian saint, the patron saint of maids and domestic servants. She is also appealed to in order to help find lost Key .File:St Zita of Lucca, Horley, Oxon.jpg...
  • Zita of Bourbon-Parma
    Zita of Bourbon-Parma

    Zita of Bourbon-Parma was the wife of Emperor Charles I of Austria of Empire of Austria. As such, she was the last Empress of Austria, as well as the last Royal Consorts of Bohemia, Kingdom of Hungary, and Kingdom of Croatia ....
    , last Empress of Austria
    Austria

    Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west....
  • Pompeo Batoni
    Pompeo Batoni

    Pompeo Girolamo Batoni was an Italy painter whose style incorporated elements of the French Rococo, Bolognese classicism, and nascent Neoclassicism....
    , painter
  • Luigi Boccherini
    Luigi Boccherini

    Luigi Rodolfo Boccherini was an Italian classical music era composer and cello whose music retained a courtly and galante style while he matured somewhat apart from the major European musical centers....
    , musician and composer
  • Elisa Bonaparte
    Elisa Bonaparte

    Maria Anna Elisa Bonaparte Baciocchi, Princesse Fran?aise, Duchess of Lucca and Princess of Piombino, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Comtesse de Compignano was the fourth surviving child and eldest surviving daughter of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino....
    , ruler of Lucca
  • Castruccio Castracani
    Castruccio Castracani

    Castruccio Castracani degli Antelminelli was an Italian people condottieri and duke of Lucca....
    , ruler of Lucca (1316-1328)
  • Alfredo Catalani
    Alfredo Catalani

    Alfredo Catalani , was an Italian operatic composer. He is best remembered for his operas Loreley and La Wally , which was written to a libretto by Luigi Illica and features Catalani's most famous aria "Ebben? Ne andr? lontana"....
    , composer
  • Mario Cipollini
    Mario Cipollini

    Mario Cipollini , often abbreviated to "Cipo", is an Italy professional road cycling most noted for his cycling sprinter ability, the longevity of his dominance and his colourful personality....
    , athlete
  • Matteo Civitali
    Matteo Civitali

    Matteo Civitali was a Italy sculptor and architect, painter and engineer from Tuscany. He was a leading artistic personality of the Early Renaissance in Lucca, where he was born and where most of his work remains....
    , sculptor
  • Gemma Galgani
    Gemma Galgani

    Maria Gemma Umberta Pia Galgani was an Italians Mysticism who is venerated as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church....
    , mystic and saint
  • Francesco Geminiani
    Francesco Geminiani

    Francesco Saverio Geminiani was an Italy violinist, composer, and music theory....
    , musician and composer
  • Gioseffo Guami
    Gioseffo Guami

    Gioseffo Guami was an Italy composer, organ , and singer of the late Renaissance music Venetian School. He was a prolific composer of madrigal s and instrumental music, and was renowned as one of the finest organists in Italy in the late 16th century; he was also the principal teacher of Adriano Banchieri....
    , composer
  • Felice Matteucci
    Felice Matteucci

    Felice Matteucci was an Italy hydraulic engineer and co-inventor, with Eugenio Barsanti, of the internal combustion engine.Born in Lucca, he studied hydraulic and mechanical engineering firstly in Paris then later in Florence....
    , engineer
  • Paolo Monti, Master Chef
  • Leo Nomellini
    Leo Nomellini

    Leo Joseph Nomellini was a Pro Football Hall of Fame American football player with the San Francisco 49ers. He was born at Lucca in Italy. He was a two-time All-American at the University of Minnesota and the 49ers' first-ever NFL draft choice in 1950....
    , athlete
  • Marcello Pera
    Marcello Pera

    Marcello Pera is an Italy Philosophy and politician. He was the President of the Italian Senate from 2001 to 2006....
    , politician and philosopher
  • Giacomo Puccini
    Giacomo Puccini

    Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini was an Italians composer whose operas, including La boh?me, Tosca, Madama Butterfly and Turandot, are among the most frequently performed in the List of important operas....
    , composer
  • Marco Rossi
    Marco Rossi (born 1978)

    Marco Rossi is an Italy Football , currently playing midfielder for Genoa C.F.C..Football careerRossi started playing football with A.S....
    , athlete
  • Renato Salvatori
    Renato Salvatori

    Renato Salvatori was an Italy multi-purpose character actor....
    , actor
  • Antonio Vallisneri
    Antonio Vallisneri

    Antonio Vallisneri was an Italian medical scientist, physician and naturalist....
    , scientist and physician
  • Rolando Ugolini
    Rolando Ugolini

    Rolando Ugolini is a former football , who played as a Goalkeeper for a number of United Kingdom clubs. Ugolini moved to Scotland at the age of three and began his career with Celtic F.C., before spending nine years with Middlesbrough F.C.....
    , athlete
  • Giuseppe Ungaretti
    Giuseppe Ungaretti

    Giuseppe Ungaretti was an Italy Modernism poet, journalist, essayist, critic and academic. A leading representative of the Experimental literature trend known as ermetismo, he was one of the most prominent contributors to 20th century Italian literature....
    , poet
  • Amerigo Fabbri, Pierson College Dean, Yale University


Informations



Footnotes


External links