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Lois scélérates
 
 
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The lois scélérates ("villainous laws") is the pejorative
Pejorative

Words and phrases are pejorative if they imply disapproval or contempt. When used as an adjective, pejorative is synonymous with derogatory, derisive, dyslogistic, and contemptuous....
 name for a set of French
History of France

The History of France has been divided into a series of separate historical articles navigable through the list to the right. The chronological era articles address broad French historical, cultural and sociological developments....
 law
LAW

LAW may refer to:* Anti-tank warfare, e.g. the US Army M72 LAW or the British Army LAW 80*Palestinian Society for the Protection of Human Rights ...
s restricting the 1881 freedom of the press
Freedom of the press

Freedom of the press consists ofconstitutional or Statute protections pertaining to the Mass media and published materials.With respect to governmental information, any government distinguishes which materials are public or protected from disclosure to the public based on classified information as sensitive, classified or secret and being...
 laws passed under the Third Republic
French Third Republic

The French Third Republic was the political regime of France between the Second French Empire and the Vichy France. It was a republican parliamentary democracy that was created on 4 September 1870 following the collapse of the Empire of Napoleon III of France in the Franco-Prussian War....
 (1870-1940), after several bombings and assassination
Assassination

Assassination is the targeted killing of a public figure. Assassinations may be prompted by ideology, politics, or military reasons. Additionally, assassins may be motivated by contract killing, revenge, or celebrity or may be mental disorder....
 attempts carried out by anarchist
Anarchism in France

Anarchism in France dates from the 18th century. Many anarchists such as the Egalitarians took part in the French Revolution. Thinker Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who grew up during the Bourbon Restoration was the first self-described anarchist....
 proponents of "propaganda of the deed
Propaganda of the deed

Propaganda of the deed is a concept that promotes physical violence against political enemies as a way of inspiring the masses and catalyzing revolution....
".
first law was passed on December 11, 1893, two days after Auguste Vaillant's bombing of the National Assembly
French National Assembly

The France National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of France under the French Fifth Republic. The other is the French Senate ....
 on December 9, 1893 (one person injured).






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Encyclopedia


The lois scélérates ("villainous laws") is the pejorative
Pejorative

Words and phrases are pejorative if they imply disapproval or contempt. When used as an adjective, pejorative is synonymous with derogatory, derisive, dyslogistic, and contemptuous....
 name for a set of French
History of France

The History of France has been divided into a series of separate historical articles navigable through the list to the right. The chronological era articles address broad French historical, cultural and sociological developments....
 law
LAW

LAW may refer to:* Anti-tank warfare, e.g. the US Army M72 LAW or the British Army LAW 80*Palestinian Society for the Protection of Human Rights ...
s restricting the 1881 freedom of the press
Freedom of the press

Freedom of the press consists ofconstitutional or Statute protections pertaining to the Mass media and published materials.With respect to governmental information, any government distinguishes which materials are public or protected from disclosure to the public based on classified information as sensitive, classified or secret and being...
 laws passed under the Third Republic
French Third Republic

The French Third Republic was the political regime of France between the Second French Empire and the Vichy France. It was a republican parliamentary democracy that was created on 4 September 1870 following the collapse of the Empire of Napoleon III of France in the Franco-Prussian War....
 (1870-1940), after several bombings and assassination
Assassination

Assassination is the targeted killing of a public figure. Assassinations may be prompted by ideology, politics, or military reasons. Additionally, assassins may be motivated by contract killing, revenge, or celebrity or may be mental disorder....
 attempts carried out by anarchist
Anarchism in France

Anarchism in France dates from the 18th century. Many anarchists such as the Egalitarians took part in the French Revolution. Thinker Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who grew up during the Bourbon Restoration was the first self-described anarchist....
 proponents of "propaganda of the deed
Propaganda of the deed

Propaganda of the deed is a concept that promotes physical violence against political enemies as a way of inspiring the masses and catalyzing revolution....
".

The first law

The first law was passed on December 11, 1893, two days after Auguste Vaillant's bombing of the National Assembly
French National Assembly

The France National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of France under the French Fifth Republic. The other is the French Senate ....
 on December 9, 1893 (one person injured). It condemned advocacy
Advocacy

Advocacy is the pursuit of influencing outcomes — including public-policy and resource allocation decisions within political, economic, and social systems and institutions — that directly affect people?s current lives....
 of any crime as a crime, which permitted the state to repress most of the anarchist press.

The second law

The second law was passed on December 18, 1893, and condemned any person directly or indirectly involved in a propaganda of the deed act, even if no killing was effectively carried out.

The third law

The last law was passed on July 28, 1894, and condemned any person or newspaper using anarchist propaganda
Propaganda

Propaganda is the dissemination of information aimed at influencing the opinions or behaviors of large numbers of people. As opposed to Objectivity providing information, propaganda in its most basic sense presents information in order to influence its audience....
 (and, by extension, socialist libertarians
Anarchism

Anarchism is a political philosophy encompassing anarchist schools of thought which consider the state to be unnecessary, harmful, and/or undesirable....
 who were current or former members of the International Workingmen's Association
International Workingmen's Association

The International Workingmen's Association , sometimes called the First International, was an international socialism organization which aimed at uniting a variety of different left-wing political groups and trade union organizations that were based on the working class and class struggle....
 (IWA)): Thus, free speech and encouraging propaganda of the deed or antimilitarism
Antimilitarism

Antimilitarism is a doctrine commonly found in the anarchist and, more globally, in the socialist movement, which may be both characterized as internationalist movements....
 was severely restricted. Some people were condemned to prison for rejoicing at the 1894 assassination of French president Sadi Carnot
Marie François Sadi Carnot

Marie Fran?ois Sadi Carnot was a France statesman, the fourth president of the Third French Republic. He served as the President of France from 1887 until his assassination in 1894....
 by the Italian anarchist Sante Geronimo Caserio.

Today's Usage

The term has since entered popular language to designate any harsh or unjust laws, in particular anti-terrorism legislation
Anti-terrorism legislation

Anti-terrorism legislation designs all types of laws passed in the purported aim of fighting terrorism. They usually, if not always, follow specific bombings or assassinations....
 which often broadly represses whole social movement
Social movement

Social movements are a type of Group action . They are large wiktionary:informal groupings of individuals and/or organizations focused on specific politics or social issues, in other words, on carrying out, resisting or undoing a social change....
s.

See also


  • Anti-terrorism legislation
    Anti-terrorism legislation

    Anti-terrorism legislation designs all types of laws passed in the purported aim of fighting terrorism. They usually, if not always, follow specific bombings or assassinations....
  • Anti-Socialist Laws
    Anti-Socialist Laws

    The Anti-Socialist Laws or Socialist Laws were a series of Act of Parliament, the first of which was passed on October 19 1878 by the German Empire Reichstag for a limited term, and the later ones regularly extending the term of its application....
     passed in Germany in 1878
  • French Third Republic
    French Third Republic

    The French Third Republic was the political regime of France between the Second French Empire and the Vichy France. It was a republican parliamentary democracy that was created on 4 September 1870 following the collapse of the Empire of Napoleon III of France in the Franco-Prussian War....
     (1870-1940)
  • Propaganda of the deed
    Propaganda of the deed

    Propaganda of the deed is a concept that promotes physical violence against political enemies as a way of inspiring the masses and catalyzing revolution....
  • Trial of the thirty
    Trial of the thirty

    The Trial of the Thirty was a show trial in 1894 in Paris, France, aimed at legitimizing the lois sc?l?rates passed in 1893-1894 against the Anarchism in France and Censorship in France by proving the existence of an effective association between anarchists....
     (1894)