List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
Encyclopedia
Tornado events
These are some notable tornadoTornado
A tornado is a violent, dangerous, rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. They are often referred to as a twister or a cyclone, although the word cyclone is used in meteorology in a wider...
es, tornado outbreak
Tornado outbreak
While there is no single agreed upon definition, generally at least 6-10 tornadoes produced by the same synoptic scale weather system is considered a tornado outbreak. The tornadoes usually occur within the same day, or continue into the early morning hours of the succeeding day, and within the...
s, and tornado outbreak sequence
Tornado outbreak sequence
A tornado outbreak sequence is a period of continuous or nearly continuous high tornado activity consisting of a series of tornado outbreaks over multiple days with no or very few days lacking tornado outbreaks....
s that have occurred around the globe.
- Exact death and injury counts are not possible; especially for large events and events before 1955.
- Prior to 1950 in the United States, only significant tornadoes are listed for the number of tornadoes in outbreaks.
- Due to increasing detection, particularly in the U.S., numbers of counted tornadoes have increased markedly in recent decades although the number of actual tornadoes and counted significant tornadoes has not. In older events, the number of tornadoes officially counted is likely underestimated.
Southern Hemisphere
Tornado-related deaths at schools
Tornadoes spawned by tropical cyclones
- See History of tropical cyclone-spawned tornadoesHistory of tropical cyclone-spawned tornadoesIntense tropical cyclones usually produce tornadoes, the majority of them weak, especially upon landfall.- List of Atlantic tropical cyclones which spawned tornadoes :These are the Atlantic tropical cyclones that are known to have spawned tornadoes in the U.S....
Tornadoes striking the downtown central business district of major cities
See also
- Tornado recordsTornado recordsThis article lists various tornado records. The most extreme tornado in recorded history was the Tri-State Tornado, which roared through parts of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana on March 18, 1925. It was likely an F5, though tornadoes were not ranked on any scale in that era...
- Tornado intensity and damageTornado intensity and damageThe Fujita scale and the Enhanced Fujita Scale rate tornadoes by damage caused. The Enhanced Fujita Scale was an upgrade to the older Fujita scale, with engineered wind estimates and better damage descriptions, but was designed so that a tornado rated on the Fujita scale would receive the same...
- Tornado climatologyTornado climatologyThe United States has the most tornadoes of any country, nearly four times more than estimated in all of Europe, excluding waterspouts. This is mostly due to the unique geography of the continent. North America is a large continent that extends from the tropics north into arctic areas, and has no...
- List of derecho events
- List of tropical cyclones
- Tornado mythsTornado mythsDespite the fact that many misconceptions about tornadoes are no longer prevalent, many still remain. This can be attributed to many factors, including stories and news reports told by people unfamiliar with tornadoes, sensationalism by news media and the presentation of incorrect information in...
External links
Significant events- Websites Dedicated to Specific Tornado Events (SPCStorm Prediction CenterThe Storm Prediction Center , located in Norman, Oklahoma, is tasked with forecasting the risk of severe thunderstorms and tornadoes in the contiguous United States. The agency issues convective outlooks, mesoscale discussions, and watches as a part of this process...
, NOAA) - World Wide Tornadoes (Tornado Project)
- Major Canadian Tornadoes (Environment CanadaEnvironment CanadaEnvironment Canada , legally incorporated as the Department of the Environment under the Department of the Environment Act Environment Canada (EC) (French: Environnement Canada), legally incorporated as the Department of the Environment under the Department of the Environment Act Environment...
) - European Tornado Extremes (TORRO)
- Tornadoes in Germany (in German)
- Tornadoes in Brazil
- Czech and Slovakia Tornadoes (in Czech) (Czech Hydrometeorological Institute)
- Tornadoes in Italy (* in Italian)
Tornado event data
- Searchable Database of All US Tornadoes From 1950-present
- Preliminary storm (tornadoes, severe wind and hail) reports from June 1, 1999 to present; and severe storm climatology information (SPC)
- Daily Severe Weather Report Archive from 1985-1999 (SPC)
- NCDC's searchable Storm Data database
- Storm Data publication (NCDCNational Climatic Data CenterThe United States National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, North Carolina is the world's largest active archive of weather data. The center became established in late 1951, with the move into the new facility occurring in early 1952....
) (purchase required) - STORM NEWS and Archives (Sam Barricklow, K5KJ)
- Storm Report Map (SPC storm reports overlayed on Google Maps
- European Severe Storms Laboratory (ESSL)
- Center of Competence for Severe Local Storms in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland (TorDACH)
- European Climatology on Severe Storms (University of the Balearic IslandsUniversity of the Balearic IslandsThe University of the Balearic Islands is a Balearic Spanish university, founded in 1978 and located in Palma on the island of Majorca.-History:...
)
Miscellaneous
- Online Severe Weather Climatology for weather radar coverage areas (SPC)
- Severe Thunderstorm Climatology (NSSL)
- The Tornado Project
- NCDC Tornado Statistics and Data
- Historical Tornado Data Archive, 1950-1999 (SPC)
- Tornadoes of Bangladesh and eastern India by Jonathon D. Finch, M.S. (with additional global tornado information)
- European Storm Forecast Experiment (ESTOFEX)
- Skywarn Europe
- Extreme Weather Source Book -- Economic and Other Societal Impacts Related to Hurricanes, Floods, Tornadoes, Lightning, and Other U.S. Weather Phenomena (University of Colorado at BoulderUniversity of Colorado at BoulderThe University of Colorado Boulder is a public research university located in Boulder, Colorado...
) - Tornado History Project Searchable US tornado database overlaid on a Google Map
Weather data archives
- Severe Thunderstorm Events (SPC)
- Various (NCDC)
- Various (Plymouth State UniversityPlymouth State UniversityPlymouth State University, formerly Plymouth State College, is a regional comprehensive university located in Plymouth, New Hampshire and part of the University System of New Hampshire....
) - Various (Iowa State UniversityIowa State UniversityIowa State University of Science and Technology, more commonly known as Iowa State University , is a public land-grant and space-grant research university located in Ames, Iowa, United States. Iowa State has produced astronauts, scientists, and Nobel and Pulitzer Prize winners, along with a host of...
) - Radar and weather data (McGill UniversityMcGill UniversityMohammed Fathy is a public research university located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The university bears the name of James McGill, a prominent Montreal merchant from Glasgow, Scotland, whose bequest formed the beginning of the university...
) - Satellite data (University of Wisconsin–MadisonUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonThe University of Wisconsin–Madison is a public research university located in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1848, UW–Madison is the flagship campus of the University of Wisconsin System. It became a land-grant institution in 1866...
) - Upper air soundings (University of WyomingUniversity of WyomingThe University of Wyoming is a land-grant university located in Laramie, Wyoming, situated on Wyoming's high Laramie Plains, at an elevation of 7,200 feet , between the Laramie and Snowy Range mountains. It is known as UW to people close to the university...
)