The peoples of Africa The African continent is home to people of wide-ranging phenotypical traits, both indigenous and foreign to the continent, of diverse origins, and with several different cultural, communal, and artistic traits....
Black people is a term usually referring to a Race of humans with a dark skin color, but the term has also been used to categorise a number of diverse populations into one common group....
Pan-Africanism is a sociopolitical world view, and philosophy, as well as a movement, which seeks to unify both native Africans and those of the African diaspora, as part of a "global African community".Pan-Africanism calls for a politically united Africa....
The African diaspora was the movement of Africans and their descendants to places throughout the world - predominantly to the Americas, then later to Europe, the Middle East and other places around the globe....
African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the Black people populations of Africa....
Afro Mexican is a term used to identify Mexico people of African people ancestry. African Mexicans, now largely assimilated in the general population, have historically been located in certain communities in Mexico....
Atlantic Creole is a term used to describe some early Slavery during the European colonization of the Americas. These slaves had cultural roots in Africa, Europe and sometimes the Caribbean....
Bahamian Americans are citizens or residents of the United States of The Bahamas ancestry. Although many native-born Bahamians live and work in the United States, they are not considered Bahamian Americans, as that title is reserved for people born in the United States to at least one Bahamian parent, or parent of Bahamian descent....
The Black Belt is a region of the southeastern United States. Although the term originally describes the prairies and dark soil of central Alabama and northeast Mississippi, it has long been used to describe a broad region in the American Southern United States characterized by a high percentage of African Americans....
Black Indians is a term that refers to people of African American descent with or without significant Native Americans in the United States descent, who were, or are, embedded with Native Americans, or who possess strong cultural, social and political ties to their indigenous American heritage....
The Black Seminoles are descendants of free Africans and some runaway slaves who escaped from coastal South Carolina and Georgia into the Florida wilderness beginning as early as the late 1600s....
A Dominican American is any United States who has origins in the Dominican Republic. .Immigration records of Dominicans in the United States date from the late 1800s, and New York City had a Dominican community since the 1930s....
The Dominickers were a small biracial or triracial ethnic group that was once centered in the Florida Panhandle county of Holmes County, Florida, in a corner of the southern part of the county west of the Choctawhatchee River, near the town of Ponce de Leon, Florida....
Ethiopian Americans are United States of Ethiopian descent. They make up the second largest immigrant group from the African continent in the United States....
Ghanaian Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Ghanaian heritage or were born in Ghana and immigrated to the United States of America....
The Gullah are African Americans who live in the South Carolina Low Country region of South Carolina and Golden Isles of Georgia, which includes both the coastal plain and the Sea Islands....
Jamaican Americans are Americans of Jamaican heritage or Jamaican-born people who live in the United States. American citizenship is not a prerequisite of being a Jamaican American as permanent residents are also given this title....
Louisiana Creole refers to people of various racial backgrounds who are descended from the colonial France/Spain settlers, African Americans, and Native Americans in the United Statess from the time before the Louisiana territory became a possession of the United States through the Louisiana Purchase....
Nigerian Americans are citizens of the United States of America who are or descend from immigrants from Nigeria. Since the late 1960s and early 1970s, approximately one million Nigerians have immigrated to the United States....
Melungeon is a term traditionally applied to one of a number of "tri-racial isolate" groups of the Southeastern United States, mainly in the Cumberland Gap area of central Appalachia: east Tennessee, southwest Virginia, and east Kentucky....
Mulatto denotes a person with one White people parent and one Black people parent or a person who has black ancestry and white ancestry. It is perceived as pejorative and demeaning in some cultures....
The Somali Bantu are a minority ethnic group in Somalia, a country largely inhabited by Somali people. Bantus primarily reside in southern Somalia, near the Jubba and Shebelle rivers....
An Afro-Latin American is a Latin American person of at least partial Black people ancestry; the term may also refer to historical or cultural elements in Latin America thought to emanate from this community....
Afro-Brazilian, or Black Brazilian, is the term used to Race categorize Brazilian citizens who self-reported to be of black or brown skin colors to the official IBGE census....
An Afro-Ecuadorian is a member of a group in Ecuador who are descendants of black African slaves brought by the Spanish during their conquest of Ecuador from the Incas....
Afro Guyanese are the inhabitants of Guyana of Black people origin. When planters made land available to Indo-Guyanese in the late 19th century when they had denied land to the Africans several decades earlier, Afro-Guyanese resentment of other colonial ethnic groups was reinforced....
Afro Peruvians are citizens of Peru, descended from Black people slaves who were brought to the New World with the arrival of the conquistadors towards the end of the slave trade....
The Belizean Creoles or Kriols are Creole peoples descendants of English people and Scottish people log cutters, as well as Black people slavery brought to Belize....
Black Ladinos were Spanish language-speaking black Africans born in Latin America, or exiled to the Americas after spending time in Castile or Portugal.... s
The Cimarrons or Cimarrones in Panama, were Atlantic slave trade who had escaped from their Spanish masters and lived together as outlaws. In the 1570s, they allied with Sir Francis Drake of England to defeat the Spanish conquest and plunder their riches....
The Garinagu are an ethnic group of mixed ancestry who live primarily in Central America. They live along the Caribbean Coast in Belize, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Honduras including the mainland, and on the island of Roat?n....
Palenquero is a Spanish-based creole language spoken in Colombia. Palenquero is the only Spanish-based creole in Latin America. The ethnic group which speaks this Creole consists only of 3,000 people, ....
In Brazil, the Pardos are a mixture of White Brazilians, Afro-Brazilian and Indigenous peoples in Brazil, varying from light to dark complexion, as used by the IBGE in censuses since 1950....
African Caribbean leftism refers to Left-wing politics political currents which have developed amongst various African Caribbean communities in the Caribbean, the United States of America, Great Britain or any where else they have chosen to settle....
The term Afro-Cuban refers to Cubans of Sub Saharan African ancestry, and to historical or cultural elements in Cuba thought to emanate from this community....
Afro-Trinidadians refers to a generalized term used to describe Trinidadian people who appear to have "Black" or "African" descent. They are also referred to simply as African, Black, Negro or Creole peoples, mainly by the western and European standard; described as possessing one or more Negroid feature such as: dark skin, curly hair, or ful...
EtymologyAccording to accounts by descendants of the aboriginal Arawak tribes on other local islands, the original name for Barbados was Ichirouganaim....
The verifiable History of the Bahamas can be traced back to Christopher Columbus's first voyage in 1492. The first attempt at a permanent western settlement in the Bahamas occurred in 1647....
The Commonwealth of Dominica, commonly known as Dominica, is an island nation in the Caribbean Sea. To the north/northwest lies Guadeloupe, to the southeast Martinique....
The Dominican Republic is a nation on the island of Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are List of divided islands, Saint Martin being the other....
Haiti , officially the Republic of Haiti , is a Haitian Creole language- and French language-speaking Caribbean country. Along with the Dominican Republic, it occupies the island of Hispaniola, in the Greater Antilles archipelago....
Jamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. It is about south of Cuba, and west of the island of Hispaniola, on which Haiti and the Dominican Republic are situated....
Maroon was a term used to refer to a runaway slavery in the West Indies, Central America, South America, and North America. Descendants of Maroon populations are found in Jamaica, Colombia, the Amazon River Basin and the American states of Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia ....
Italians of African descent are Italy who are of African descent.The term African in this case sometimes applies only to Sub-Saharan Africans or Black Africans, especially when North Africans are categorized separately as Arab world....
Afro-Germans, African-Germans or Black Germans are defined as the Black African community and diaspora in Germany.Historic backgrounds vary; so does allocation: in particular, cities like Hamburg and Berlin have substantial grown Black communities, with a high percentage of ethnically mixed families; modern traffic and trade i...
Portuguese of Black African ancestry are residents or citizens of Portugal of Black -African descent. They should not confused with Africans of Portuguese people descent or Portuguese Africans....
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The Bushmen, San, Sho, Basarwa, Kung, or Khwe are indigenous people of southern Africa that spans most areas of South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Mozambique, Swaziland, Botswana, Namibia, and Angola....
The Nubians are an ethnic group originally from northern Sudan, now inhabiting East Africa and some parts of Northeast Africa, such as southern Egypt....
A pygmy is a member of any human group whose adult males grow to less than 150 cm in average height or less than 155 cm. A member of a slightly taller group is termed pygmoid....
The Siddi, Siddhi, or Sheedi people are of Black people descent, whose ancestors arrived in Pakistan and India from the 11th to the 19th century due to slavery....
The Aeta , Agta or Ayta are an indigenous people who live in scattered, isolated mountainous parts of Luzon, Philippines. They are considered to be Negritos, who are dark to very dark brown skinned and tend to have features such as a small stature, small frame, curly hair, small nose, and dark brown eyes....
The Australoid race is a broad Race . The concept originated with a Typology . They were described as having dark skin with wavy hair, in the case of Aboriginal Australians, or hair ranging from straight to kinky in the case of Melanesian and Negrito groups....
Immigration from Africa to Australia is only a recent phenomenon, with Europe and Asia traditionally being the largest sources of migration to Australia....
Indigenous Australians are the first human inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands and their descendants. Indigenous Australians are distinguished as either Australian Aborigines or Torres Strait Islanders, who currently together make up about 2.6% of Australia's population....
The Tasmanian Aborigines are the Indigenous peoples of the island state of Tasmania, Australia.During 1803–33, the population of the Tasmanian Aborigines was reduced from an estimate of around 5,000 to around 300, largely from diseases introduced by United Kingdom settlers and Black War....
Torres Strait Islanders are the indigenous peoples of the Torres Strait Islands, part of Queensland, Australia. They are culturally akin to the coastal peoples of Papua New Guinea....
African American Vernacular English ?also called African American English; less precisely Black English, Black Vernacular, Black English Vernacular , or Black Vernacular English ?is an African American Variety of American English....
Black people is a term usually referring to a Race of humans with a dark skin color, but the term has also been used to categorise a number of diverse populations into one common group....
Blackness is the degree to which an individual, regardless of their Ethnic group background, is sympathetic to or a part of the mainstream African-American African American culture....
The Capoid Race is regarded by many as a separate race from the Congoid race because of their very different appearance , and this judgment has been confirmed by Genetics analysis....
Colored is a North American euphemism once widely regarded as a description of black people , and also Native Americans in the United States. It should not be confused with the more recent term person of color, which attempts to describe all "non-white peoples", not just blacks....
In the South African, Namibian, Zambian, Botswana and Zimbabwean context, the term Coloured refers or referred to an ethnic group of people who possess sub-Saharan African ancestry, but not enough to be considered Black people under the law of South Africa....
Ebonics is a term that was originally intended and sometimes used for the language of all African people, or for that of Black people North American and West African people, emphasizing the African roots of the former; since 1996 it has been largely used to refer to African American Vernacular English , asserting the independence of the...
A lawn jockey, also commonly known as a "Yardell," is a small statue of a man in jockey clothes, intended to be placed in yards. Most today are White jockeys, but historically black jockeys were commonplace....
Negrescence is a word with a Latin origin and describes "a process of becoming black". It can also refer to having a dark complexion.In 1885, John Beddoe compiled an index of negrescence to analyze the population of the British Islands....
N?gritude is a literary and political movement developed in the 1930s by a group that included the future Senegalese President L?opold S?dar Senghor, Martinique poet Aim? C?saire, and the French Guiana L?on Damas....
The term Negrito refers to several ethnic groups in isolated parts of Southeast Asia. Their current populations include the Aeta, Agta, Ayta, Ati , Dumagat and at least 25 other tribes of the Ethnic groups of the Philippines, the Semang of the Malay peninsula, the Mani people of Thailand and 12 Andamanese tribes of the Andaman Islands of th...
Negro is a term referring to people of Black people ancestry. Prior to the shift in the lexicon of American and worldwide classification of race and ethnicity in the late 1960s, the appellation was accepted as a normal neutral formal term both by those of Black African descent as well as non-African blacks....
Negroid is an adjective derived from the term Negro and refers to a Race of people whose recent ancestors are mostly from sub-Saharan Africa. The concept originated with a now defunct typological method of racial classification, but is still used, in a less rigid or essentialism sense, by many anthropology, especially physical anthropolog...
Nigger is a noun in the English language, most notable as a pejorative term and common ethnic slur for black people, and also as an informal slang term, among other contexts....
The minstrel show, or minstrelsy, was an United States entertainment consisting of comic skits, variety show acts, dance, and music, performed by white people in blackface or, especially after the American Civil War, blacks in blackface....
Mulatto denotes a person with one White people parent and one Black people parent or a person who has black ancestry and white ancestry. It is perceived as pejorative and demeaning in some cultures....
The name or term Redbone has several meanings:*Redbone Coonhound, a swift, dark-red or tan coonhound *Redbone , a Mestee ethnic group whose members are found along the Louisiana-Texas border...
In the racial politics of North America, Race passing refers to a person classified by society as a member of one Racial and ethnic demographics of the United States choosing to identify with a different group, usually by appearance....
Pickaninny is a term – generally considered derogatory – that in English language usage refers to black children, or a caricature of them which is widely considered racism....
Sambo is a racial term for a person with mixed Indigenous peoples of the Americas and African heritage in the Caribbean, also for a black people or South Asian person in the United States and the United Kingdom....
In linguistics and ethnology, Semitic was first used to refer to a language family of largely Middle Eastern origin, now called the Semitic languages....
Stepin Fetchit was the stage name of American comedian and film actor Lincoln Theodore Monroe Andrew Perry. Perry parlayed the Fetchit persona into a successful film career, eventually becoming a millionaire, the first black actor in history to do so....
Untermensch is a term from Nazism racism ideology used to describe "inferior people", especially "the masses from the East," that is Jews, Roma people, Slavs, Soviet Bolsheviks, and anyone else who was not an "Aryan race" according to the contemporary Nazi race terminology; including homosexual orientation....
Zambo is a Spanish language term that was used in the Spanish Empire and continues to be used today to identify individuals in Hispanic America who are of mixed African people and Indigenous people of the Americas ancestry....
Note: The Zanj Rebellion was not a single revolt but a series of small revolts that eventually culminated to a large revolt. This article details the largest revolt led by Ali bin Muhammad....
African American art is a broad term describing the visual arts of the United States Black people community. Influenced by various cultural traditions, including those of Africa, Europe and the Americas, traditional African American art forms include the range of plastic arts, from basketweaving, pottery and quilting to woodcarving and paint...
African American culture in the United States refers to the cultural contributions of African ethnic groups to the culture of the United States, either as part of or distinct from American culture....
African art constitutes one of the most diverse legacies on earth. Though many casual observers tend to generalize "traditional" African art, the continent is full of peoples, societies, and civilizations, each with a unique visual special culture....
An afro also known as a TONY, sometimes called a "natural" or shortened to "fro", is a hairstyle in which the hair extends out from the head like a halo, cloud or ball....
Indigenous Australians contains a large number of List of Indigenous Australian group names and Australian Aboriginal language, and, corresponding to this, a wide variety of diversity exists within cultural practices....
Capoeira is an Afro-Brazilian art form that makes a ritual of movements from martial arts, games, and dance. It was brought to Brazil from Angola some time after the 16th century in the regions known as Bahia, Pernambuco and Rio de Janeiro ....
Characters native to the Africa have been depicted in comics since the beginnings of the modern comic strip. Initially, such early 20th-century newspaper comics as Winsor McCay's Little Nemo depicted the racist stereotype of a spear-carrying cannibal, a comedy convention of the time....
'Blackface', in the narrow sense is a style of theatre makeup that originated in the United States, used to take on the appearance of certain archetypes of Racism in the United States, especially those of the "happy-go-lucky List of ethnic slurs#D on the plantation#Slavery, para-slavery and plantations" or the "dandy List of ethnic slur...
Blaxploitation is a film genre that emerged in the United States in the early 1970s when many exploitation films were made that targeted the urban black audience; the word itself is a portmanteau of the words "black" and "exploitation." Blaxploitation films starred primarily black actors, and were the first to feature soundtracks of funk an...
The American Black Film Festival is an annual awards festival that recognizes achievements in independent film Black cinema. The annual event is designed to heighten interest and exposure to Black films, and to salute the cinematic work of Black filmmakers, actors, and actresses.... (ABFF), Los Angeles
The Hollywood Black Film Festival, dubbed the "Black Sundance," is an annual six-day film festival held in Los Angeles, California dedicated to enhancing the careers of new and established black filmmaking professionals by bringing their work to the attention of the film industry, Mass media and public.... , Los Angeles
The New Orleans Human Rights Film Festival is an annual film festival held in New Orleans, Louisiana.The first New Orleans Human Rights Film Festival was held in 2003 and the festival bills itself as "Founded by New Orleans artists and activists" and "dedicated to nurturing our city's human rights community, supporting the work of local org...
Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou
The Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou is the largest African film festival, held biannually in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The festival is the biggest regular cultural event on the African continent and it mostly focuses on the African film and African filmmakers.... , Africa
Established in 1992, The Pan African Film Festival is a non-profit corporation dedicated to the promotion of cultural and racial tolerance and understanding through the exhibition of film, art and creative expression.... , Los Angeles
File:Henry Ossawa Tanner - The Banjo Lesson.jpgAfrican American music is an umbrella term given to a range of music and musical genres emerging from or influenced by the culture of African Americans, who have long constituted a large ethnic minority of the population of the United States....
African popular music, like Music of Africa, is vast and varied. Most contemporary genres of African popular music build on cross-pollination with western popular music....
Afrobeat is a combination of Yoruba music, jazz, highlife, and funk rhythms, fused with Percussion instrument and vocal styles, popularized in Africa in the 1970s....
Afro-Caribbean music is a broad term for music styles originated in the Caribbean area, most notably music of Cuba, music of Puerto Rico, music of Haiti, music of Jamaica and music of the Dominican Republic....
Bachata is a genre of music that originated in the countryside and the rural neighborhoods of the Dominican Republic. Its subjects are often Romance ; especially prevalent are tales of heartbreak and sadness....
Baila is the term used to describe a form of dance music popular on the island of Sri Lanka. The genre originated centuries ago among the 'Sri Lanka Kaffir people'or Afro-Sinhalese communities , and was later amalgamated with European instruments and eastern and western rhythms, especially rhythms found in Spain and northern European folk mu...
Bouyon is a form of popular music of Dominica, also known as jump up music in Guadeloupe and Martinique. There are many bands in Dominica who play Bouyon music but the two most famous band are , who originated the style by fusing Bele, Quadrille, Cadence, Zouk, and other styles of Caribbean music and also the most famous band Tr...
In capoeira, music sets the rhythm, the style of play, and the energy of a game.In its most traditional setting, there are three main styles of song that weave together the structure of the capoeira Angola roda....
Gospel music is music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life, as well as to give a Christian alternative to mainstream secular music....
Indigenous Australian music includes the music of Australian Indigenous Australianss and Torres Strait Islanders, who are collectively called Indigenous Australians; it incorporates a wide variety of distinctive traditional music styles practised by Indigenous Australian peoples, as well as a range of contemporary musical styles of and fusio...
Aboriginal rock refers to a style of music which mixes rock music with the instrumentation and singing styles of Indigenous peoples people. Two countries with prominent Aboriginal rock scenes are Australia and Canada....
Jazz is a primarily American musical art form which originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States from a confluence of African and European music traditions....
Bebop or bop is a form of jazz characterized by fast tempos and improvisation based on harmonic structure rather than melody. It was developed in the early and mid-1940s....
Blues is a music genre based on the use of the blues chord progressions and the blue notes. Though several blues musical form s exist, the 12-bar blues chord progressions are the most frequently encountered....
Bossa nova is a style of Brazilian music popularized by Ant?nio Carlos Jobim, Vinicius de Moraes and Jo?o Gilberto. Bossa nova acquired a large following, initially by young musicians and college students....
Latin jazz is the general term given to music that combines rhythms from African and Latin American countries with jazz and classical harmonies from Latin America, the Caribbean, Europe and the United States....
Salsa music is a diverse and predominantly Latin American Caribbean music genre that is popular across Latin America and among Latinos abroad that was brought to international fame by Puerto Rican people....
'Zydeco' is a form of American roots or traditional music. It evolved in southwest Louisiana in the early 20th century from forms of Louisiana Creole music....
Liwa is a type of music and dance performed in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, mainly in communities which contain descendants of East Africans from Tanzania and Zanzibar....
The music of Africa is as vast and varied as the continent's many Regions of Africa, List of African countries and ethnic groups. Although there is no distinctly pan-African music, there are common forms of musical expression, especially within Regions of Africa....
Much of the music of the African diaspora was refined and developed during the period of slavery. Slaves did not have easy access to instruments, so vocal work took on new significance....
Reggae is a music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s.While sometimes used in a broader sense to refer to most types of Music of Jamaica, the term reggae more properly denotes a particular music style that originated following on the development of ska and rocksteady....
Dancehall is a type of Jamaican popular music which developed in the late 1970s, initially as a more sparse and less political and religious variant of reggae than the Roots reggae style that had dominated much of the 1970s....
Extempo is a lyrically improvised form of Calypso music and is most notably practised in Trinidad and Tobago. It consists of a performer improvising in song or in rhythmic speech on a given theme before an audience who themselves take turns to perform....
Raggamuffin music, usually abbreviated as ragga, is a sub-genre of dancehall music or reggae, in which the instrumentation primarily consists of electronic music....
Reggaeton is a form of urban contemporary that became popular with Latin American youth in the early 1990s. After its mainstream exposure in 2004, it spread to North American, European and Asian audiences....
Ska is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1950s, and was the precursor to rocksteady and reggae. Ska combined elements of Caribbean mento and Calypso music with United States jazz and rhythm and blues....
Soca is a form of dance music that originated in Trinidad and Tobago from calypso music. It originally combined the melodic lilting sound of calypso with insistent percussion and local chutney music....
Spouge is a style of Music of Barbados created by Jackie Opel in the 1960s. It is said to be primarily a fusion of Jamaican ska with Trinidadian calypso, but is also influenced by a wide variety of musics from the British Isles and United States, include sea shanty, hymns and spiritual s....
Rock and roll is a form of music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its roots lay mainly in rhythm and blues, Country music, folk music, gospel music, and jazz....
Rumba is a family of percussive rhythms, song and dance. It originates in Cuba as a combination of the musical traditions of Spanish colonizers and of Africans brought to Cuba as slaves....
Contemporary R&B is a music genre of Western culture popular music. Although the acronym ?R&B? originates from its association with traditional rhythm and blues music, the term R&B is today most often used to define a style of African American music originating after the demise of disco in the 1980s....
Funk is an United States Music genre that originated in the mid- to late-1960s when African American musicians blended soul music, soul jazz and R&B into a rhythmic, danceable new form of music....
Neo soul is a marketing term for a sub-genre of contemporary R&B.The main difference between neo soul and the more popular sub-genres of R&B is that it is the most ethnocentric type of R&B....
New jack swing, or "swingbeat", is a Cross-genre style popular from the late-1980s into the mid-1990s, which fuses the rhythms, sampling and production techniques of hip-hop with the urban contemporary sound of R&B....
Soul music is a music genre originating in the United States combining elements of gospel music and rhythm and blues. According to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, soul is "music that arose out of the African American culture through the transmutation of gospel and rhythm & blues into a form of funky, Secularity testifying." The genre occasion...
Samba is a Brazilian musical genre derived from African and European roots. It is worldwide recognized as a symbol of Brazil and Brazilian Carnival....
Zouk is a style of rhythmic music originating from the islands of Guadeloupe, Martinique, Haiti, Dominica . Zouk means "party" or "festival" in the local creole language of French with English influences....
The Indigenous All-Stars are an Australian rules football team composed purely of Indigenous Australians. Many of these players come from clubs in the elite Australian Football League competition....
The All-Africa Games, sometimes called the African Games or Pan African Games, are a regional multi-sport event held every four years, organized by the Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa ....
The Belize Premier Football League is the premier Division of football in Belize sanctioned by the Football Federation of Belize. Its teams are eligible for international competition....
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu is a martial art and combat sport that focuses on grappling and especially ground fighting. It is a derivative of early 20th century Kodokan Judo, which was itself then a recently-developed system , based on multiple schools of Japanese jujutsu....
Esporte Clube Bahia is a Brazilian Football League Teams from Salvador, Brazil in Bahia , founded on January 1, 1931. They won the first national championship ever in Brazil by beating Pel?'s Santos in 1959....
The Ethiopian Super Cup is a match competition in Ethiopia football , played between the Ethiopian Premier League champions and the Ethiopian Cup winners....
FIBA Africa is a zone within the FIBA basketball association which contains all 53 national African FIBA federations, it was founded in 1961. FIBA Africa maintains offices in Cairo and in Abidjan....
This is a list of black college football classics which take place between historically black colleges and universities which compete in college football in the United States....
The Negro leagues were United States professional baseball leagues comprising teams predominantly made up of African Americans. The term may be used broadly to include professional black teams outside the leagues and it may be used narrowly for the #Significant Negro leagues that are sometimes termed "Negro Major Leagues"....
The term affirmative action refers to policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in an attempt to promote equal opportunity. The focus of such policies ranges from employment and public contracting to educational outreach and health programs ....
Black leftism refers to left-wing political currents which have developed amongst various Black communities:*African American leftism*African Caribbean leftism...
The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to all Americans....
The American Anti-Slavery Society was an Abolitionism society founded by William Lloyd Garrison and Arthur Tappan. Frederick Douglass was a key leader of the society and often spoke at its meetings....
African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968)
The African-American Civil Rights Movement refers to the reform movements in the United States aimed at abolishing racism against African Americans and restoring suffrage in Southern states....
The Black Guerrilla Family is a prison gang founded in 1966 by George Jackson while he was in the San Quentin State Prison in Marin County, California, California, north of San Francisco....
Black Hebrew Israelites are groups of people mostly of Black people ancestry situated mainly in the United States who believe they are descendants of the ancient Israelites....
The Black Liberators was a militant civil-rights organization formed in St. Louis, Missouri in the spring of 1968. The Liberators were led through most of their short existence by Charles Koen, who went on to organize a nationally noted civil-rights campaign in Cairo, Illinois....
Historically black Africans have been members of the Muslim community from shortly after its origins. However, in the United States of America, Islam became specifically associated with black identity following the creation of the Moorish Science Temple of America and the Nation of Islam ....
The American Civil Rights Movement in Omaha, Nebraska has roots that extend back until at least 1912. With a history of Racial Tension in Omaha, Nebraska that starts before the History of Omaha, Nebraska, Omaha has been the home of numerous overt efforts related to securing civil rights for African Americans in Omaha, Nebraska since at least...
The Nation of Gods and Earths, sometimes referred to as the Five-Percent Nation, the Five-Percent Nation of Islam, or the Five Percenters was founded in Harlem, New York in 1964 by Clarence 13X, known to his young disciples as Allah or the Father....
The Nation of Islam is a religious group founded in Detroit, Michigan, Michigan, United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in July 1930 with the self-proclaimed goal of resurrecting the spiritual, mind, society, and economics condition of the Black people of America....
Rainbow/PUSH is a non-profit organization formed as a merger of two non-profit organizations ? Operation PUSH and the National Rainbow Coalition ? founded by Jesse Jackson....
Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage
The Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage was the first Colonial America Abolitionism society, formed April 14, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania....
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference is an United States civil rights organization. SCLC was closely associated with its first president, Dr.... (SCLC)
The Communist Party USA played a significant role in defending the rights of African-Americans during its heyday in the 1930s and 1940s. Even in its years of greatest influence, however, the party's relations with the black community, black organizations and their leaders were complicated by sharp turns in policy at the top that often a...
100 Black Men Of America is a men's civic organization whose stated goal is to educate and empower African American children and teens. As of August 2007 the organization has 110 chapters in different cities in the United States....
African Caribbean leftism refers to Left-wing politics political currents which have developed amongst various African Caribbean communities in the Caribbean, the United States of America, Great Britain or any where else they have chosen to settle....
The Raizals are a Protestant Afro-Caribbean ethnic group, speaking the San Andr?s-Providencia Creole, an English Creole, living in the Archipelago of San Andr?s, Colombia, Providencia Island and Santa Catalina, presently the Colombian San Andr?s y Providencia Department, off the Nicaraguan Miskito Coast....
The Rastafari movement is a monotheism, Abrahamic religions, new religious movement that accepts Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia, the former Emperor of Ethiopia, as the incarnation of God, called Jah or Jah Rastafari....
The Black People's Convention was founded at the end of 1972 as the Nationalist Liberatory Flagship of the Black Consciousness Movement in South Africa....
The Black Consciousness Movement was a grassroots anti-Apartheid activist movement that emerged in South Africa in the mid-1960s out of the power vacuum created by the decimation of the African National Congress and Pan Africanist Congress leadership, by jailing and banning, after the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960.....
The Back-to-Africa movement, also known as the Colonization movement, originated in the United States in the nineteenth century, and encouraged those of African people to return to the African homelands of their ancestors....
Black anarchism opposes the existence of the state and the subjugation and domination of people of color, and favors a non-hierarchical organization of society....
Black nationalism advocates a racial definition of black national identity, as opposed to multiculturalism. There are different black nationalist philosophies but the principles of all black nationalist ideologies are 1) Black pride, and 2) black economic, political, social and/or cultural independence from white society....
Following the collapse of Reconstruction era of the United States, African Americans created a broad-based independent political movement in the South: Black Populism....
Black Power is a political slogan and a name for various associated ideologies. It is used in the movement among black people throughout the world, primarily those in the United States....
"Black pride" is a slogan used primarily in the Americas where it is used to raise awareness of the state of Black people racial identity and to express solidarity amongst group members....
Black separatism is a movement to create separate institutions for people of African descent in societies historically dominated by whites, particularly the United States....
Black theology refers to a variety of Christian theologies which has as its base in the liberation of the marginalized, especially the injustice done towards blacks in American and South African contexts....
Historically black colleges and universities are institutions of higher education in the United States that were established before 1964 with the intention of serving the black community....
The Neo Black Movement of Africa is a socio-cultural organisation that seek to revive, retain and modify where necessary those aspects of African culture that would provide vehicles of progress for Africa and her peoples....
The one-drop rule is a historical colloquial term in the United States that holds that a person with any trace of African ancestry is considered Negro ....
The 1990 Trust is the first UK national black people organisation set up to protect and pioneer the interest of Britain?s Black Communities. Their approach is to engage in policy development and to articulate the needs of Black communities from a Black perspective....
The United Negro College Fund is an USA philanthropic organization that fundraises college tuition money for black students and general scholarship funds for 39 private historically black colleges and universities....
The continent of Africa has the longest record of human activity of any part of the world and along with its geographical extent, it contains an enormous archaeological resource....
The Bantu expansion was a millennia-long series of migrations of speakers of the original proto-Bantu languages language group. This group is hypothesized to have originated from the southwestern border of modern Nigeria and Cameroon....
The Berlin Conference of 1884–85 regulated colonialism and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period, and coincided with Germany's sudden emergence as an imperial power....
The Congo Free State was a corporate state privately controlled by Leopold II of Belgium through a dummy non-governmental organization, the Association Internationale Africaine....
Early Congo history covers most of the Congo River basin occupied today by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo, Angola's Cabinda province and northern Angola....
Ethiopia , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country situated in the Horn of Africa. Ethiopia is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Sudan to the west, Kenya to the south, Somalia to the east and Djibouti to the northeast....
European exploration of Africa began with Ancient Greeks and Ancient Rome, that explored and settled in North Africa. Fifteenth Century Portugal, especially under Henry the Navigator probed along the West African coast....
The Batswana , a term also used to denote all citizens of Botswana, refers to the country's major ethnic group . Prior to European contact, the Batswana lived as herders and farmers under tribal rule....
Liberia was set up by citizens of the United States as a colony for former African-American slaves.There is only one other state in the world that is started by citizens of a political power as a settlement for former slaves from the same political power: Sierra Leone, begun for that same purpose by United Kingdom....
The history of Namibia has passed through several distinct stages from being colony in the late nineteenth century to Namibia's independence on 21 March 1990....
North Africa is a relatively thin strip of land between the Sahara desert and the Mediterranean Sea, stretching from Moroccan Atlantic coast to Egypt....
The history of South Africa is marked by imigration and ethnic conflict. The Khoisan peoples are the aboriginal people of the region who have lived there for millennia....
The History of the Republic of the Congo has been marked by French colonization, a transition to independence, Marxist-Leninism, and the transition to a market-oriented economy....
The full history of West Africa can be divided into five major periods:#Its prehistory, in which the first human settlers arrived, agriculture developed, and contact made with the Mediterranean Sea civilizations to the north....
The cave paintings found at Tassili-n-Ajjer, north of Tamanrasset, Algeria, and at other locations depict vibrant and vivid scenes of everyday life in the central North Africa during the Neolithic Subpluvial period ....
The Scramble for Africa, also known as the Race for Africa, was the proliferation of conflicting European claims to African territory during the New Imperialism period, between the 1880s and the World War I in 1914....
Shaka was the most influential leader of the Zulu Empire.He is widely credited with uniting many of the Northern Nguni people, specifically the Mthethwa Paramountcy and the Ndwandwe into the Zulu kingdom, the beginnings of a nation that held sway over the large portion of southern Africa between the Phongolo River and Mzimkhulu River river...
The Adal Sultanate was a province-cum-sultanate located in present-day northwestern Somalia, southern Djibouti, and the Somali Region, Oromia Region, and Afar Region regions of Ethiopia....
The Aro Confederacy was a slave trading political union orchestrated by the Igbo people subgroup, the Aro people, centered in Arochukwu in present day Southeastern Nigeria....
The Benin Empire or Edo Empire was a large pre-colonial African state of modern Nigeria. It is not to be confused with the modern-day country called Benin ....
The Bornu Empire was a medieval African state of Nigeria from 1389 to 1893. It was a continuation of the great Kanem Empire founded centuries earlier by the Sayfawa Dynasty....
The Ethiopian Empire, also known as Abyssinia, was in what is now Ethiopia and Eritrea. At its height the empire also included Somalia, Djibouti, Egypt, Sudan, Yemen and Saudi Arabia and existed from approximately 1137 until 1974 when the monarchy was overthrown in a coup d'etat....
The Ghana Empire or Wagadou Empire was located in what is now southeastern Mauritania, and Western Mali.This is believed to be first of many empires that would rise in that part of Africa....
The Kanem Empire was located in the present countries of Chad and Libya. At its height it encompassed an area covering not only much of Chad, but also parts of southern Libya and eastern Niger....
The Kong Empire , also known as the Wattara Empire or Ouattara Empire for its founder, was a pre-colonial African state centered in north eastern Cote d'Ivoire that also encompassed much of present-day Burkina Faso....
The Kingdom of Luba or Luba Empire was a pre-colonial Central African state, which arose in the marshy grasslands of the Upemba Depression in what is now southern Democratic Republic of Congo....
The Mali Empire or Manding Empire or Manden Kurufa was a West African civilization of the Mandinka people from c. 1230 to c. 1600. The empire was founded by Sundiata Keita and became renowned for the wealth of its rulers, especially Mansa Mansa Musa....
The Oyo Empire was a West African empire of what is today southwestern Nigeria. The empire was established by the Yoruba people in the 15th century and grew to become one of the largest West African states encountered by colonial explorers....
The Songhai Empire, also known as the Songhay Empire, was a pre-colonial African state of west Africa. From the early 15th to the late 16th century, Songhai was one of the largest African empires in history....
The Wassoulou Empire, sometimes referred to as the Mandinka Empire, was a short-lived empire of West Africa built from the conquests of Dyula ruler Samori and destroyed by the France colonialism army....
Pre-Columbian Africa-Americas contact theories are proposals of direct contact between peoples from the continent of Africa with peoples from the Americas at some stage during the pre-Columbian era? that is, earlier than the late 15th century....
African American history is the portion of American history that specifically discusses the African American or Black people American ethnic group in the United States....
The Nova Scotian Settlers were African Americans who escaped to the British during the Revolutionary War. John Clarkson , the English abolitionist and first governor of Freetown, was the most respected friend and patron of the Nova Scotian settlers....
The African diaspora was the movement of Africans and their descendants to places throughout the world - predominantly to the Americas, then later to Europe, the Middle East and other places around the globe....
The Arab slave trade was the practice of slavery in Southwest Asia, North Africa, East Africa, and certain parts of Europe during their period of domination by Arab leaders....
The Atlantic slave trade, also known as the transatlantic slave trade, was the trade of primarily African people supplied to the colonies of the New World that occurred in and around the Atlantic Ocean....
The Barbados Slave Code of 1661 was a law passed by the colonial legislature to provide a legal base for slavery in the Caribbean island of Barbados....
'Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka', Case citation , was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States, which overturned earlier rulings going back to Plessy v....
The issue of Christianity and slavery is one that has seen intense conflict. While Christian abolitionists were a principal force in the abolition of slavery, the Bible sanctioned the use of regulated slavery in the Old Testament, while the New Testament does not explicitly condemn slavery in all its forms....
The history of Indigenous Australians is thought to have spanned 40,000 to 45,000 years, although some estimates have put the figure at up to 70,000 years before European settlement....
The history of slavery covers many different forms of human exploitation across many cultures throughout history. Slavery, generally defined, refers to a situation where one human being is considered to be the property of another, and is therefore obligated to perform tasks for their owner without any choice involved....
Mass racial violence in the United States, often described using the term "race riots," includes such disparate events as:* attacks on Irish Catholics and other early immigrants in the 19th century...
A plantation economy is an economy which is based on agricultural mass production, usually of a few staple products grown on large farms called plantations....
Plessy v. Ferguson, Case citation , is a landmark Supreme Court of the United States decision in the case law of the United States, upholding the constitutionality of racial segregation even in public accommodations , under the doctrine of "separate but equal"....
Palmares, or Quilombo dos Palmares, was a collaboration of around ten quilombos that grew from 1605 onwards in colonial Brazil Brazil, during the Portugal Portuguese Empire....
Racial segregation in the United States, as a general term, included the racial segregation of facilities, services, and opportunities such as housing, education, employment, and transportation along race in the United States lines....
Racism in the United States has been a major issue since the colonial era. Historically, the country has been dominated by a settler of religiously and ethnically diverse White American....
Rodney Glen King is an African-American man who, on March 3, 1991, was the victim in an excessive force case committed by Los Angeles Police Department....
Slavery in Brazil shaped the country's social structure and ethnical landscape. During the Colonialism and for over six decades after the Independence of Brazil, slavery was a mainstay of the Economic history of Brazil, especially in mining and sugar cane production....
Slavery in Canada was practiced for millennia by First Nations, who routinely captured slavery from neighbouring tribes.Chattel Slavery, also a form of hereditary slavery was established by European colonization and settlement of Canada during the 17th century....
Slavery in the British and French Caribbean refers to slavery in the parts of the Caribbean dominated by French colonial empires or the British Empire....
Slavery in the Spanish colonization of the Americas began with the capture and subjugation of local Native Americans. Initially, enslavement represented one means by which the Spaniards mobilized native labor....
The Sugar cane plant was the main crop produced on the numerous plantations throughout the Caribbean through the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, as almost every island was covered with sugar plantations for refining the cane for its sweet properties....
Triangular trade, or Triangle trade, is a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions. The trade evolved where a region had an export commodity that was required in the region from which its major imports came....
The Tulsa race riot, also known as the 1921 race riot, The night that Tulsa died, the Tulsa Race War, or the Greenwood riot, was a massacre during a large-scale civil disorder confined mainly to the Racial segregation Greenwood, Tulsa, Oklahoma neighborhood of Tulsa, Oklahoma, Oklahoma, United States on May 31, 1921....
The term Watts Riots of 1965 refers to a large-scale race riot which lasted 6 days in the Watts, Los Angeles, California List of districts and neighborhoods of Los Angeles of Los Angeles, California, in August 1965....
Human genetic variation is the genetic diversity of humans and represents the total amount of genetic characteristics observed within the human species....
The historical definition of Race was an immutable and distinct type or species, sharing distinct racial characteristics such as constitution, temperament, and mental abilities....
File:BLAKE10.JPGAbolitionism was a movement to end the slave trade and emancipate slaves in western Europe and the Americas. The slave system aroused little protest until the 18th century, when rationalist thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment criticized it for violating the rights of man, and Quaker and other evangelical religious groups con...
Since 1870, 123 African Americans have served in the United States Congress. This figure includes five non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives who represented the District of Columbia and the U.S....
File:CBCfoundingmembers.jpgThe Congressional Black Caucus is an organization representing the African American members of the United States Congress....
The Underground Railroad was an informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th century African American Slavery in the United States in the United States to escape to free state and Canada with the aid of Abolitionism who were sympathetic to their cause....
Argentina * Gabino Ezeiza - singer and poet* Enrique Maciel - Guitarist, bandoneonist and composer* Fidel Nadal - reggae artist* Cayetano Alberto Silva - composer...
for most mayor listingsAfrican Americans are a Demographic profile minority in the United States. The first achievements by African Americans in various fields historically establish a foothold, providing a precedent for more widespread cultural change....
This is a list of black superheroes that lists fictional characters found in comic books and other media. Black is a term usually referring to a racial group of humans with dark skin color, used to categorize a number of diverse populations into one common group....
According to the 2008 Forbes International Billionaire List, Aliko Dangote, with a net worth of $3.3 billion is the richest black person in the world, overtaking Oprah Winfrey who was listed as the only black billionaire for three straight years....
List of historically black colleges of the United States
This list of Historically black colleges and universities lists institutions of higher education in the United States that were established before 1964 with the intention of serving the black community....
This List of Indigenous Australian group names contains names and collective designations which have been applied, either formerly or in the past, to group of Indigenous Australians....
