List of states of India by population
Encyclopedia
India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

 is a union of twenty-eight states and seven union territories
Union Territory
A Union Territory is a sub-national administrative division of India, in the federal framework of governance. Unlike the states of India, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the federal government; the President of India appoints an Administrator or...

. As of 2011, with an estimated population of 1.210 billion, India is the world's second most populated country after the People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...

. India occupies 2.4 percent of the world's land surface area but is home to 17.5 percent of the world's population
World population
The world population is the total number of living humans on the planet Earth. As of today, it is estimated to be  billion by the United States Census Bureau...

. The Indo-Gangetic plain
Indo-Gangetic plain
The northern Plains also known as the Indo - Gangetic Plain and The North Indian River Plain is a large and fertile plain encompassing most of northern and eastern India, the most populous parts of Pakistan, parts of southern Nepal and virtually all of Bangladesh...

s have one of the world’s biggest stretches of fertile flat-deep alluvium
Alluvium
Alluvium is loose, unconsolidated soil or sediments, eroded, deposited, and reshaped by water in some form in a non-marine setting. Alluvium is typically made up of a variety of materials, including fine particles of silt and clay and larger particles of sand and gravel...

 and are among the most densely populated areas of the world. The eastern
Eastern Coastal Plains
The Eastern Coastal Plains refer to a wide stretch of landmass of India, lying between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. It stretches from Tamil Nadu in the south to West Bengal in the north....

 and western
Western coastal plains
The Western Coastal Plains is a thin strip of coastal plain in width between the west coast of India and the Western Ghats hills which starts near the south of river Tapi. They are sandwiched between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. The plains begin at Gujarat in the north and end at Kerala...

 coastal regions of Deccan plateau
Deccan Plateau
The Deccan Plateau is a large plateau in India, making up the majority of the southern part of the country. It rises a hundred meters high in the north, rising further to more than a kilometers high in the south, forming a raised triangle nested within the familiar downward-pointing triangle of...

 are also densely populated regions of India. The Thar desert
Thar Desert
The Thar Desert |Punjab]] province. The Cholistan Desert adjoins the Thar desert spreading into Pakistani Punjab province.-Location and description:...

 in western Rajasthan is one of the most densely populated deserts in the world. The northern and north-eastern states
North-East India
Northeast India refers to the easternmost region of India consisting of the contiguous Seven Sister States, Sikkim, and parts of North Bengal...

 along the Himalayas
Himalayas
The Himalaya Range or Himalaya Mountains Sanskrit: Devanagari: हिमालय, literally "abode of snow"), usually called the Himalayas or Himalaya for short, is a mountain range in Asia, separating the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau...

 contain cold arid deserts with fertile valleys. These states have less population density due to indomitable physical barriers.

Census of India

The first population census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

 in British India was conducted in 1872. Since India's independence
History of the Republic of India
The history of the Republic of India began on 26 January 1950. The country became an independent dominion within the British Commonwealth 15 August 1947. George VI was King until the Republic was proclaimed in 1950. Concurrently the Muslim-majority northwest and east of British India was separated...

 in 1947, a census has been carried out every 10 years, starting from 1951. The census in India is carried out by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner under the Ministry of Home Affairs
Ministry of Home Affairs (India)
Ministry of Home Affairs , known as the Home Ministry or MHA, is an Indian government ministry. It is an interior ministry mainly responsible for the maintenance of Internal security and domestic policy.-Ministerial Team:...

, and is one of the largest administrative tasks conducted by a federal government.

Latest population figures are based on data from the 2011 census of India. During the decade of 2001–2011, India's annual population growth rate has slowed down from 2.15 to 1.76. Based on decennial census data, Dadra and Nagar Haveli shows the highest growth rate of 55.5 percent. It is followed by Daman and Diu (53.5 percent), Meghalaya
Meghalaya
Meghalaya is a state in north-eastern India. The word "Meghalaya" literally means the Abode of Clouds in Sanskrit and other Indic languages. Meghalaya is a hilly strip in the eastern part of the country about 300 km long and 100 km wide, with a total area of about 8,700 sq mi . The...

 (27.8 percent) and Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh is a state of India, located in the far northeast. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south, and shares international borders with Burma in the east, Bhutan in the west, and the People's Republic of China in the north. The majority of the territory is claimed by...

 (25.9 percent). Nagaland
Nagaland
Nagaland is a state in the far north-eastern part of India. It borders the state of Assam to the west, Arunachal Pradesh and part of Assam to the north, Burma to the east and Manipur to the south. The state capital is Kohima, and the largest city is Dimapur...

 recorded the lowest growth rate of -0.5 percent.

India has 641,000 inhabited villages and 72.2 percent of the total population reside in these rural areas. Of them 145,000 villages have population size of 500–999 persons; 130,000 villages have population size of 1000–1999 and 128,000 villages have population size of 200–499. There are 3,961 villages that have a population of 10,000 persons or more. India's 27.8 percent urban population lives in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations. In the decade of 1991–2001, migration to major cities caused rapid increase in urban population. On the basis of net migrants by last residence during the past decade, Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra is a state located in India. It is the second most populous after Uttar Pradesh and third largest state by area in India...

 had most immigration
Immigration
Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence...

 with 2.3 million, followed by National Capital Territory of Delhi
Delhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...

 (1.7 million), Gujarat (0.68 million) and Haryana
Haryana
Haryana is a state in India. Historically, it has been a part of the Kuru region in North India. The name Haryana is found mentioned in the 12th century AD by the apabhramsha writer Vibudh Shridhar . It is bordered by Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north, and by Rajasthan to the west and south...

 (0.67 million). Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...

 (−2.6 million) and Bihar
Bihar
Bihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India....

 (−1.7 million) topped the list for interstate emigration
Emigration
Emigration is the act of leaving one's country or region to settle in another. It is the same as immigration but from the perspective of the country of origin. Human movement before the establishment of political boundaries or within one state is termed migration. There are many reasons why people...

. The five states of Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh , is one of the 28 states of India, situated on the southeastern coast of India. It is India's fourth largest state by area and fifth largest by population. Its capital and largest city by population is Hyderabad.The total GDP of Andhra Pradesh is $100 billion and is ranked third...

 account for almost half (48.89 percent) of the total Indian population.

While the national avg for sex ratio
Sex ratio
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. The primary sex ratio is the ratio at the time of conception, secondary sex ratio is the ratio at time of birth, and tertiary sex ratio is the ratio of mature organisms....

 shows an increase from 933 in year 2001 to 940 in year 2011, the 2011 census shows a sharp decline in child sex ratio
Child sex ratio
In India, the child sex ratio is the number of females per thousand males in a human population in the age group 0–6 years.. It is equal to the multiplicative inverse of the sex ratio under age seven...

, the number of females per thousand males in a population between age group 0–6 years. States such as Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Mizoram and A & N Islands recorded an increase in child sex ratio. National child sex ratio has declined from 927 in year 2001 to 914 in year 2011.

States and union territories of India by population

The total geographical area of India is 3287240 square kilometres (1,269,210.5 sq mi). Population density is rounded to the nearest integer.

As per census data 2011, the total population of India is: 1,210,193,422.
Rank State or union territory
States and territories of India
India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...

Population
Demographics of India
The demographics of India are inclusive of the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.21 billion people , more than a sixth of the world's population. Already containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be the world's most populous country by 2025, surpassing...

(2011 Census)
% of Population Population (2001 Census) % of Population (2001) % Growth (2001–2011) Decadal Growth (2001–2011) Rural Pop. Urban Pop. Area km² Density (per km²) Area mi² Density (per mi²) Sex ratio
Sex ratio
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. The primary sex ratio is the ratio at the time of conception, secondary sex ratio is the ratio at time of birth, and tertiary sex ratio is the ratio of mature organisms....

01 Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...

199,581,477 16.49% 166,197,921 16.16% 20.1% 33,383,556 155,111,022 44,470,455 240,928 985 93,022.8 2146 908
02 Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra is a state located in India. It is the second most populous after Uttar Pradesh and third largest state by area in India...

112,372,972 9.28% 96,878,627 9.42% 16.0% 15,494,345 61,545,441 50,827,531 307,713 365 118,808.7 815 946
03 Bihar
Bihar
Bihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India....

103,804,637 8.58% 82,998,509 8.07% 25.1% 20,806,128 92,075,028 11,729,609 94,163 1102 36,356.5 2,855 916
04 West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

91,347,736 7.55% 80,176,197 7.79% 13.9% 11,171,539 62,213,676 29,134,060 88,752 1029 34,267.3 2,666 947
05 Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh , is one of the 28 states of India, situated on the southeastern coast of India. It is India's fourth largest state by area and fifth largest by population. Its capital and largest city by population is Hyderabad.The total GDP of Andhra Pradesh is $100 billion and is ranked third...

84,665,533 7.00% 76,210,007 7.41% 11.1% 8,455,526 56,311,788 28,353,745 275,045 308 106,195.5 797 992
06 Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....

72,597,565 6.00% 60,348,023 5.87% 20.3% 12,249,542 52,537,899 20,059,666 308,245 236 119,014.1 610 930
07 Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu is one of the 28 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the union territory of Pondicherry, and the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh...

72,138,958 5.96% 62,405,679 6.07% 15.6% 9,733,279 37,189,229 34,949,729 130,058 555 50,215.7 1,437 995
08 Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...

68,621,012 5.67% 56,507,188 5.49% 21.4% 12,113,824 51,540,236 17,080,776 342,239 201 132,139.2 519 926
09 Karnataka
Karnataka
Karnataka , the land of the Kannadigas, is a state in South West India. It was created on 1 November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act and this day is annually celebrated as Karnataka Rajyotsava...

61,130,704 5.05% 52,850,562 5.14% 15.7% 8,280,142 37,552,529 23,578,175 191,791 319 74,050.9 826 968
10 Gujarat 60,383,628 5% 50,671,017 4.93% 19.2% 9,712,611 34,670,817 25,712,811 196,024 308 75,685.3 798 918
11 Orissa
Orissa
Orissa , officially Odisha since Nov 2011, is a state of India, located on the east coast of India, by the Bay of Bengal. It is the modern name of the ancient nation of Kalinga, which was invaded by the Maurya Emperor Ashoka in 261 BC. The modern state of Orissa was established on 1 April...

41,947,358 3.47% 36,804,660 3.58% 14.0% 5,142,698 34,951,234 6,996,124 155,707 269 60,118.8 698 978
12 Kerala
Kerala
or Keralam is an Indian state located on the Malabar coast of south-west India. It was created on 1 November 1956 by the States Reorganisation Act by combining various Malayalam speaking regions....

33,387,677 2.76% 31,841,374 3.10% 4.9% 1,546,303 17,445,506 15,932,171 38,863 859 15,005.1 2,225 1,084
13 Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east...

32,966,238 2.72% 26,945,829 2.62% 22.3% 6,020,409 25,036,946 7,929,292 79,714 414 30,777.7 1071 947
14 Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...

31,169,272 2.58% 26,655,528 2.59% 16.9% 4,513,744 26,780,526 4,388,756 78,438 397 30,285.1 1029 954
15 Punjab
Punjab (India)
Punjab ) is a state in the northwest of the Republic of India, forming part of the larger Punjab region. The state is bordered by the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh to the east, Haryana to the south and southeast and Rajasthan to the southwest as well as the Pakistani province of Punjab to the...

27,704,236 2.30% 24,358,999 2.37% 13.7% 3,345,237 17,316,800 10,387,436 50,362 550 19,444.9 1,4253 893
16 Haryana
Haryana
Haryana is a state in India. Historically, it has been a part of the Kuru region in North India. The name Haryana is found mentioned in the 12th century AD by the apabhramsha writer Vibudh Shridhar . It is bordered by Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north, and by Rajasthan to the west and south...

25,353,081 2.09% 21,144,564 2.06% 19.9% 4,208,517 16,531,493 8,821,588 44,212 573 17,070.3 1,485 877
17 Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh is a state in Central India, formed when the 16 Chhattisgarhi-speaking South-Eastern districts of Madhya Pradesh gained separate statehood on 1 November 2000....

25,540,196 2.11% 20,833,803 2.03% 22.6% 4,706,393 19,603,658 5,936,538 135,191 189 52,197.5 489 991
18 Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir is the northernmost state of India. It is situated mostly in the Himalayan mountains. Jammu and Kashmir shares a border with the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south and internationally with the People's Republic of China to the north and east and the...

12,548,926 1.04% 10,143,700 0.99% 23.7% 2,405,226 9,134,820 3,414,106 222,236 56 85,805.8 146 883
19 Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand , formerly Uttaranchal, is a state in the northern part of India. It is often referred to as the Land of Gods due to the many holy Hindu temples and cities found throughout the state, some of which are among Hinduism's most spiritual and auspicious places of pilgrimage and worship...

10,116,752 0.84% 8,489,349 0.83% 19.2% 1,627,403 7,025,583 3,091,169 53,483 189 20,649.9 490 963
20 Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh is a state in Northern India. It is spread over , and is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir on the north, Punjab on the west and south-west, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh on the south, Uttarakhand on the south-east and by the Tibet Autonomous Region on the east...

6,856,509 0.57% 6,077,900 0.59% 12.8% 778,609 6,167,805 688,704 55,673 123 21,495.5 319 974
21 Tripura
Tripura
Tripura is a state in North-East India, with an area of . It is the third smallest state of India, according to area. Tripura is surrounded by Bangladesh on the north, south, and west. The Indian states of Assam and Mizoram lie to the east. The capital is Agartala and the main languages spoken are...

3,671,032 0.30% 3,199,203 0.31% 14.7% 471,829 2,710,051 960,981 10,486 350 4,048.7 907 961
22 Meghalaya
Meghalaya
Meghalaya is a state in north-eastern India. The word "Meghalaya" literally means the Abode of Clouds in Sanskrit and other Indic languages. Meghalaya is a hilly strip in the eastern part of the country about 300 km long and 100 km wide, with a total area of about 8,700 sq mi . The...

2,964,007 0.24% 2,318,822 0.23% 27.8% 645,185 2,368,971 595,036 22,429 132 8,659.9 342 986
23 Manipur
Manipur
Manipur is a state in northeastern India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. Manipur is bounded by the Indian states of Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south and Assam to the west; it also borders Burma to the east. It covers an area of...

2,721,756 0.22% 2,293,896 0.22% 18.7% 427,860 1,899,624 822,132 22,327 122 8,620.5 316 987
24 Nagaland
Nagaland
Nagaland is a state in the far north-eastern part of India. It borders the state of Assam to the west, Arunachal Pradesh and part of Assam to the north, Burma to the east and Manipur to the south. The state capital is Kohima, and the largest city is Dimapur...

1,980,602 0.16% 1,990,036 0.19% -0.5% -9,434 1,406,861 573,741 16,579 119 6,401.2 309 931
25 Goa
Goa
Goa , a former Portuguese colony, is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population. Located in South West India in the region known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the state of Maharashtra to the north, and by Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its...

1,457,723 0.12% 1,347,668 0.13% 8.2% 110,055 551,414 906,309 3,702 394 1,429.4 1020 968
26 Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh is a state of India, located in the far northeast. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south, and shares international borders with Burma in the east, Bhutan in the west, and the People's Republic of China in the north. The majority of the territory is claimed by...

1,382,611 0.11% 1,097,968 0.11% 25.9% 284,643 1,069,165 313,446 83,743 17 32,333.4 43 920
27 Mizoram
Mizoram
Mizoram is one of the Seven Sister States in North Eastern India, sharing borders with the states of Tripura, Assam, Manipur and with the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Burma. Mizoram became the 23rd state of India on 20 February 1987. Its capital is Aizawl. Mizoram is located in the...

1,091,014 0.09% 888,573 0.09% 22.8% 202,441 529,037 561,997 21,081 52 8,139.4 134 975
28 Sikkim
Sikkim
Sikkim is a landlocked Indian state nestled in the Himalayan mountains...

607,688 0.05% 540,851 0.05% 12.4% 66,837 455,962 151,726 7,096 86 2,739.8 222 889
UT1 Delhi
Delhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...

16,753,235 1.38% 13,850,507 1.35% 21% 2,902,728 419,319 16,333,916 11,297 9,340 572.6 29,258 866
UT2 Pondicherry 1,244,464 0.10% 974,345 0.09% 27.7% 270,119 394,341 850,123 479 2,598 184.9 6,730 1,038
UT3 Chandigarh
Chandigarh
Chandigarh is a union territory of India that serves as the capital of two states, Haryana and Punjab. The name Chandigarh translates as "The Fort of Chandi". The name is from an ancient temple called Chandi Mandir, devoted to the Hindu goddess Chandi, in the city...

1,054,686 0.09% 900,635 0.09% 17.1% 154,051 29,004 1,025,682 114 9,252 44.0 23,970 818
UT4 Andaman and Nicobar Islands 379,944 0.03% 356,152 0.03% 6.7% 23,792 244,411 135,533 8,249 46 3,185.0 119 878
UT5 Dadra and Nagar Haveli 342,853 0.03% 220,490 0.02% 55.5% 122,363 183,024 159,829 491 698 189.6 1,808 775
UT6 Daman and Diu 242,911 0.02% 158,204 0.02% 53.5% 84,707 60,331 182,580 112 2,169 43.2 5,623 618
UT7 Lakshadweep
Lakshadweep
Lakshadweep , formerly known as the Laccadive, Minicoy, and Amindivi Islands, is a group of islands in the Laccadive Sea, 200 to 440 km off the coast of the South West Indian state of Kerala...

64,429 0.01% 60,650 0.01% 6.2% 3,779 14,121 50,308 32 2,013 12.4 5,196 946
Total India 1,210,193,422 100% 1,028,737,436 100% 17.64% 181,455,986 833,087,662 377,105,760 3,287,240 368 1,269,210.5 954 940

See also

  • GSP of Indian states
  • Demographics of India
    Demographics of India
    The demographics of India are inclusive of the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.21 billion people , more than a sixth of the world's population. Already containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be the world's most populous country by 2025, surpassing...

  • List of most populous metropolitan areas in India
  • List of country subdivisions by population

External links

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