List of scholastic philosophers
Encyclopedia
This is a list of philosophers working in the Christian tradition in Western Europe during the medieval period. See also scholasticism
Scholasticism
Scholasticism is a method of critical thought which dominated teaching by the academics of medieval universities in Europe from about 1100–1500, and a program of employing that method in articulating and defending orthodoxy in an increasingly pluralistic context...

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A

  • Abélard, Pierre, (1079-1142)
  • Adam de Wodeham
    Adam de Wodeham
    Adam de Wodeham was an English Franciscan theologian and Scholastic philosopher, a student of William of Ockham. He was an important nominalist and taught at the University of Oxford from 1340....

  • Adam de Buckfield
    Adam de Buckfield
    Adam de Buckfield was an English Franciscan philosopher, who taught at the University of Oxford in the early 1240s...

  • Adam Parvipontanus
    Adam Parvipontanus
    Adam Parvipontanus was an Anglo-Norman scholastic and churchman. He served as Bishop of St Asaph from 1175 until his death....

  • Adam Pulchrae Mulieris/Adam de Puteorumvilla
    Adam Pulchrae Mulieris
    Adam Pulchrae Mulieris, also called Adam de Puteorumvilla, was a Paris master who studied under Peter of Lamballe, who flourished in the first half of the 13th century. Little is known of his life. He has been described as one of the “metaphysicians of light”...

  • Adelard of Bath
    Adelard of Bath
    Adelard of Bath was a 12th century English scholar. He is known both for his original works and for translating many important Greek and Arabic scientific works of astrology, astronomy, philosophy and mathematics into Latin from Arabic versions, which were then introduced to Western Europe...

  • Alain, bishop of Auxerre
    Alain, bishop of Auxerre
    Alain was a Cistercian abbot of La Rivour, and bishop of Auxerre from 1152 to 1167. He was a close associate of Bernard of Clairvaux, who was instrumental in getting him appointed bishop, under commission from Pope Eugene III, after a dispute in the diocese...

  • Alain de Lille / Alanus de Insulis / Montepessulano
    Alain de Lille
    Alain de Lille , French theologian and poet, was born, probably in Lille, some years before 1128.-Life:...

    , (c. 1128-1202)
  • Alain de Podio
  • Albric of London
  • Alberich of Reims
    Alberich of Reims
    Alberich of Reims studied with Anselm of Laon. He was a master at Rheims from 1118 to 1136 and the Archdeacon there from 1131 to 1136. He served as Archbishop of Bourges from 1136 to 1141....

  • Albert of Saxony
    Albert of Saxony (philosopher)
    Albert of Saxony was a German philosopher known for his contributions to logic and physics...

    , (1316-1390)
  • Albertus Magnus
    Albertus Magnus
    Albertus Magnus, O.P. , also known as Albert the Great and Albert of Cologne, is a Catholic saint. He was a German Dominican friar and a bishop, who achieved fame for his comprehensive knowledge of and advocacy for the peaceful coexistence of science and religion. Those such as James A. Weisheipl...

  • Alexander of Hales
    Alexander of Hales
    Alexander Hales also called Doctor Irrefragabilis and Theologorum Monarcha was a notable thinker important in the history of scholasticism and the Franciscan School.-Life:Alexander was born at Hales ,...

    , (died 1245)
  • Alexander Nequam/Neckam/of St Alban's
  • Alfred of Sareshel/Alfredus Anglicus
    Alfred of Sareshel
    Alfred of Sarashel, also known as Alfred the Philosopher, Alfred the Englishman or Alfredus Anglicus, was born in England some time in the 12th century and died in the 13th century....

  • Alphonsus Maria de Liguori
  • Amalric of Bena/Bène
    Amalric of Bena
    Amalric of Bena was a French theologian, after whom the Amalricians are named.-Biography:He was born in the latter part of the 12th century at Bennes, a village between Ollé and Chauffours in the diocese of Chartres....

    , (d.c. 1204-1207)
  • Anselm of Laon
    Anselm of Laon
    Anselm of Laon was a French theologian and founder of a school of scholars who helped to pioneer biblical hermeneutics.Remembered in the century after his death as "Anselmus" or "Anselm", his name was more properly "Ansellus" or, in Modern French, "Anseau."Born of very humble parents at Laon...

    , (died 1117)
  • Anselm of Canterbury
    Anselm of Canterbury
    Anselm of Canterbury , also called of Aosta for his birthplace, and of Bec for his home monastery, was a Benedictine monk, a philosopher, and a prelate of the church who held the office of Archbishop of Canterbury from 1093 to 1109...

    , (1034-1109)
  • Archimattheus
  • Ardengus
    Ardengus
    Ardengus was a bishop of Florence, beginning in 1231. While he was bishop, he introduced reforms and excommunicated the Patarini. He was a canon of Pavia. Before that, he was a teacher in Paris, to ca...

  • Arnaldus de Villanova

B

  • Baldwin of Maflix
  • Bartholomaeus Arnoldi
    Bartholomaeus Arnoldi
    Bartholomaeus Arnoldi was an Augustinian friar and doctor of divinity who taught Martin Luther and later turned into his earliest and one of his personally closest opponents.-Life:...

     von Usingen
  • Bartholomew of Bologna (philosopher)
  • Bartholomew of Salerno
  • Bartholomew of Tours
  • Benedict of Nursia
    Benedict of Nursia
    Saint Benedict of Nursia is a Christian saint, honored by the Roman Catholic Church as the patron saint of Europe and students.Benedict founded twelve communities for monks at Subiaco, about to the east of Rome, before moving to Monte Cassino in the mountains of southern Italy. There is no...

  • Bernard of Chartres
    Bernard of Chartres
    Bernard of Chartres was a twelfth-century French Neo-Platonist philosopher, scholar, and administrator.- Life :...

  • Bernard of Clairvaux
    Bernard of Clairvaux
    Bernard of Clairvaux, O.Cist was a French abbot and the primary builder of the reforming Cistercian order.After the death of his mother, Bernard sought admission into the Cistercian order. Three years later, he was sent to found a new abbey at an isolated clearing in a glen known as the Val...

    , (1090-1153)
  • Bernard Silvestris
    Bernard Silvestris
    Bernard Silvestris, also known as Bernardus Silvestris, was a Medieval Platonist philosopher and poet of the 12th century.-Biography:Little is known about his life. André Vernet, who edited Bernard's Cosmographia, believed that he lived from 1085 to 1178; the only certain date in his life is 1147,...

  • Berthold of Moosburg
    Berthold of Moosburg
    Berthold of Moosburg was a German Dominican theologian and neo-Platonist of the 14th century, teaching in Regensburg in 1327....

  • Boetius of Dacia
    Boetius of Dacia
    Boetius of Dacia was a 13th century Danish philosopher....

  • Bonaventure
    Bonaventure
    Saint Bonaventure, O.F.M., , born John of Fidanza , was an Italian medieval scholastic theologian and philosopher. The seventh Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor, he was also a Cardinal Bishop of Albano. He was canonized on 14 April 1482 by Pope Sixtus IV and declared a Doctor of the...

  • Bonushomo Brito
  • Burgundio of Pisa
    Burgundio
    Burgundio of Pisa, sometimes erroneously styled "Burgundius", was an Italian jurist of the 12th century. He was an ambassador for Pisa at Constantinople in 1136...


C

  • Cesare Cremonini
    Cesare Cremonini (philosopher)
    Cesare Cremonini, sometimes Cesare Cremonino , was an Italian professor of natural philosophy, working rationalism and Aristotelian materialism inside scholasticism...

    , (1550-1631); alias Caesar Cremoninus
  • Clarembald of Arras
    Clarembald of Arras
    Clarembald of Arras was a French theologian. He is best known for his Tractatus super librum Boetii De Trinitate, a commentary on the Opuscula Sacra of Boethius....

  • Cuthbert Tunstall
    Cuthbert Tunstall
    Cuthbert Tunstall was an English Scholastic, church leader, diplomat, administrator and royal adviser...


D

  • Daniel of Morley
    Daniel of Morley
    Daniel of Morley was an English scholastic philosopher.Born in Norfolk, he studied at Oxford and Paris. Disgusted by the limitations of the curriculum in Paris, he then went to Toledo, in search of Arabic translations of Greek philosophy that had become available to European scholars after the...

  • Dante Alighieri
    Dante Alighieri
    Durante degli Alighieri, mononymously referred to as Dante , was an Italian poet, prose writer, literary theorist, moral philosopher, and political thinker. He is best known for the monumental epic poem La commedia, later named La divina commedia ...

    , (1265-1321)
  • David Cranston
  • David of Dinant
    David of Dinant
    David of Dinant was a pantheistic philosopher. He may have been a member of, or at least been influenced by, a pantheistic sect known as the Amalricians. David was condemned by the Church in 1210 for his writing of the "Quaternuli" , which forced him to flee Paris...

  • Denys the Carthusian
  • Dietrich of Freiberg
  • Domingo Bañez
    Domingo Báñez
    Domingo Bañez was a Spanish Dominican and Scholastic theologian. The qualifying Mondragonensis, attached to his name, seems to be a patronymic after his father John Bañez of Mondragón, Gipuzkoa....

  • Domingo de Soto
    Domingo de Soto
    Domingo de Soto was a Dominican priest and Scholastic theologian born in Segovia, Spain, and died in Salamanca at the age of 66...

  • Dominicus Gundissalinus
    Dominicus Gundissalinus
    Dominicus Gundissalinus also known as Domingo Gundisalvo may have been a converted Jew and was the archdeacon of Segovia, Spain and a scholastic philosopher...

  • (John) Duns Scotus
    Duns Scotus
    Blessed John Duns Scotus, O.F.M. was one of the more important theologians and philosophers of the High Middle Ages. He was nicknamed Doctor Subtilis for his penetrating and subtle manner of thought....

    , (c. 1266-1308)
  • Durand of St Pourçain

E

  • Meister Eckhart
    Meister Eckhart
    Eckhart von Hochheim O.P. , commonly known as Meister Eckhart, was a German theologian, philosopher and mystic, born near Gotha, in the Landgraviate of Thuringia in the Holy Roman Empire. Meister is German for "Master", referring to the academic title Magister in theologia he obtained in Paris...

  • Edmund of Abingdon
  • Elias Burneti of Bergerac
    Elias Burneti of Bergerac
    Elias Burneti of Bergerac was a Dominican master of theology in the 13th century. According to Kaeppeli, he lectured in Montpellier in the years 1246 through 1247. Later, he became the regent master of the Dominicans in Paris around the years 1248-1256...

  • Erkenfried
  • Everard of Ypres
    Everard of Ypres
    Everard of Ypres was a scholastic philosopher of the middle of the twelfth century, a master of the University of Paris who became a Cistercian monk of the abbey of Moutier of Argonne...


F

  • Francis of Marchia
    Francis of Marchia
    Francis of Marchia was an Italian Franciscan theologian scholastic philosopher. He was an ally of William of Ockham and Michael of Cesena, and opponent of Pope John XXII, in the struggles of the Franciscan Spirituals, leading to his expulsion from the order in 1329.He was commenting on the...

  • Francis of Meyronnes
  • Francisco Suárez
    Francisco Suárez
    Francisco Suárez was a Spanish Jesuit priest, philosopher and theologian, one of the leading figures of the School of Salamanca movement, and generally regarded among the greatest scholastics after Thomas Aquinas....

    , (1548-1617 CE)
  • Florentius of Hesden

G

  • Gabriel Biel
    Gabriel Biel
    Gabriel Biel was a German scholastic philosopher and member of the Brethren of the Common Life born in Speyer. In 1432 he was ordained to the priesthood and entered Heidelberg University. He succeeded academically and became an instructor in the faculty of the arts.- Life :His studies were pursued...

  • Gaetano of Thiene
  • Garlandus Compotista
    Garlandus Compotista
    Garlandus Compotista also known as Garland the Computist was an early medieval logician of the eleventh-century school of Liège. Little is known of his life; the Dialectica published under his name by L. M. de Rijk is now commonly attributed to Gerlandus of Besançon : see John Marenbon, Medieval...

  • Gaunilo(n) of Montmoutiers
    Gaunilo of Marmoutiers
    Gaunilo of Marmoutiers was an 11th-century Benedictine monk, best known for his criticism of St Anselm's ontological argument for the existence of God. His thesis On Behalf of the Fool takes its name from the fools mentioned in Psalms 14:1 and Psalms 53:1, who say in their hearts that there is no...

  • Gerard of Abbeville
    Gerard of Abbeville
    Gerard of Abbeville was a theologian at the University of Paris, from 1257. He is known as an opponent of the mendicant orders, taking part in a concerted attack that temporarily affected their privileges....

  • Gerard of Cremona
    Gerard of Cremona
    Gerard of Cremona was an Italian translator of Arabic scientific works found in the abandoned Arab libraries of Toledo, Spain....

  • Gerho of Reichersberg
  • Gersonides
    Gersonides
    Levi ben Gershon, better known by his Latinised name as Gersonides or the abbreviation of first letters as RaLBaG , philosopher, Talmudist, mathematician, astronomer/astrologer. He was born at Bagnols in Languedoc, France...

    , (1288-1344 CE)
  • Gilbert de Oves (van Eyen) Flamingus
  • Gilbert of Poitiers
  • Gilbert de la Porrée
    Gilbert de la Porrée
    Gilbert de la Porrée , also known as Gilbert of Poitiers, Gilbertus Porretanus or Pictaviensis, was a scholastic logician and theologian.-Life:...

  • Giles of Rome
    Giles of Rome
    Giles of Rome , was an archbishop of Bourges who was famed for his logician commentary on the Organon by Aristotle. Giles was styled Doctor Fundatissimus by Pope Benedict XIV...

  • Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri
    Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri
    Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri was an Italian Jesuit priest, scholastic philosopher, and mathematician....

  • Girolamo Savonarola
    Girolamo Savonarola
    Girolamo Savonarola was an Italian Dominican friar, Scholastic, and an influential contributor to the politics of Florence from 1494 until his execution in 1498. He was known for his book burning, destruction of what he considered immoral art, and what he thought the Renaissance—which began in his...

  • Gonsalvo of Spain
  • Guerric of Saint-Quentin
  • Godfrey of Fontaines
    Godfrey of Fontaines
    Godfrey of Fontaines , whose name in Latin was Godefridus de Fontibus, was a scholastic philosopher and theologian, designated by the title Doctor Venerandus. He made contributions to a diverse range of subjects ranging from moral philosophy to epistemology...

  • Godfrey of Poitiers
  • Godefroid de Bleneau
  • Gregory of Rimini
    Gregory of Rimini
    Gregory of Rimini , also called Gregorius de Arimino or Ariminensis, was one of the great scholastic philosophers and theologians of the Middle Ages...

  • Guiard of Laon
  • Guido of Orchelles
  • Guido Terrena
    Guido Terrena
    Guido Terrena , also known as Guido Terreni and Guy de Perpignan, was a Catalan Carmelite canon lawyer and scholastic philosopher.-Life:...


H

  • Hannibaldus of Hannibaldus
  • Heinrich Totting von Oytha
  • Henry Aristippus
    Henry Aristippus
    Henry Aristippus of Calabria, sometimes known as Enericus or Henricus Aristippus, was the archdeacon of Catania and later chief familiaris of the triumvirate of familiares who replaced the Emir Maio of Bari as chief functionaries of the kingdom of Sicily in 1161...

  • Henry Bate
  • Henry of Ghent
    Henry of Ghent
    Henry of Ghent , scholastic philosopher, known as Doctor Solemnis , also known as Henricus de Gandavo and Henricus Gandavensis, was born in the district of Mude, near Ghent, and died at Tournai...

  • Henry of Harclay
  • Henry of Langenstein
    Henry of Langenstein
    Henry of Langenstein, also known as Henry of Hesse the Elder was a German Scholastic philosopher, theologian and mathematician.-Biography:...

  • Herbert of Auxerre
  • Hermann of Carinthia
  • Hervaeus Natalis
    Hervaeus Natalis
    Hervaeus Natalis was a Dominican theologian, the 14th Master of the Dominicans, and the author of a number of works on philosophy and theology. Among his many writings may be included the Summa Totius Logicae, an opusculum once attributed to Thomas Aquinas.-Life:Natalis joined the Dominicans in...

  • Heymeric of Camp
  • Honorius Augustodunensis
    Honorius Augustodunensis
    Honorius Augustodunensis , commonly known as Honorius of Autun, was a very popular 12th-century Christian theologian who wrote prolifically on many subjects. He wrote in a non-scholastic manner, with a lively style, and his works were approachable for the lay community in general...

  • Hugh of St. Cher
  • Hugh of St. Victor

J

  • James of Metz
  • James of Venice
    James of Venice
    James of Venice was a significant translator of Aristotle of the twelfth century. He has been called the first systematic translator of Aristotle since Boethius. Not much is otherwise known about him....

  • James of Viterbo
    James of Viterbo
    Blessed James of Viterbo , known as Giacomo da Viterbo, Jacobus de Viterbo, surname Capocci, and nicknamed Doctor speculativus, was an Augustinian friar and student of Giles of Rome.He was born in Viterbo, Italy...

  • Jacques de Vitry
    Jacques de Vitry
    Jacques de Vitry was a theologian chronicler and cardinal from 1229 – 40.He was born in central France and studied at the University of Paris, becoming a regular canon in 1210 at the church of Saint-Nicolas d'Oignies in the Diocese of Liège, a post he maintained until 1216...

  • Jan Standonck
    Jan Standonck
    Jan Standonck was a Dutch priest, Scholastic, and reformer.He was part of the great movement for reform in the 15th century French church. His approach was to reform the recruitment and education of the clergy, along very ascetic lines, heavily influenced by the hermit saint Francis of Paola...

  • Jean Pointlasne
  • Jean de la Rochelle
  • Jerome of Prague
    Jerome of Prague
    Jerome of Prague was one of the chief followers and most devoted friends of John Hus.-Biography:...

  • Jocelin, Bishop of Soissons
  • Jodocus Trutfetter
  • Johann Eck
    Johann Eck
    Dr. Johann Maier von Eck was a German Scholastic theologian and defender of Catholicism during the Protestant Reformation. It was Eck who argued that the beliefs of Martin Luther and Jan Hus were similar.-Life:...

  • Johann von Goch
  • Johann Ruchrat von Wesel
    Johann Ruchrat von Wesel
    Johann Ruchrat von Wesel was a German Scholastic theologian. He objected to the system of indulgences, and has been called a “reformer before the Reformation.”-Biography:He was born at Oberwesel early in the 15th century...

  • John Baconthorpe
    John Baconthorpe
    John Baconthorpe was a learned English Carmelite monk and scholastic philosopher....

  • John Blund
    John Blund
    John Blund was an English scholastic philosopher, known for his work on the nature of the soul, the Tractatus de anima, one of the first works of western philosophy to make use of the recently translated De Anima by Aristotle and especially the Arab philosopher Avicenna's work on the soul,...

  • John Buridan
  • John Cantius
    John Cantius
    Saint John Cantius was a renowned Polish priest, Scholastic philosopher, physicist and theologian. He is also known as John of Kanty or John of Kanti.-Biography:...

  • John Capreolus
  • John Dumbleton
    John Dumbleton
    John Dumbleton , one of the Oxford Calculators, was a Scholastic logician and natural philosopher at Merton College, Oxford, where he was a fellow by 1338...

  • John Fisher
    John Fisher
    Saint John Fisher was an English Roman Catholic scholastic, bishop, cardinal and martyr. He shares his feast day with Saint Thomas More on 22 June in the Roman Catholic calendar of saints and 6 July on the Church of England calendar of saints...

  • John Gerson, (1363-1429)
  • John Halgren of Abbeville
    John Halgren of Abbeville
    John Halgren of Abbeville was a French scholastic philosopher and writer of sermons, papal legate and Cardinal.In theology he was a follower of Peter the Chanter and Stephen Langton. After studying with Hugolino of Ostia at the University of Paris, he became dean of the chapter at Amiens in 1218;...

  • John of Jandun
    John of Jandun
    John of Jandun was an Averroist philosopher, theologian, and political writer. He was born at Jandun in the Ardennes, in what is now France...

  • John Mair
    John Mair
    John Mair was a Scottish philosopher, much admired in his day and an acknowledged influence on all the great thinkers of the time. He was a very renowned teacher and his works much collected and frequently republished across Europe...

  • John of Mirecourt
    John of Mirecourt
    John of Mirecourt was a Cistercian scholastic philosopher of the fourteenth century, from Lorraine. He was a follower of William of Ockham; he was censured by Pope Clement VI.-References:...

  • John de Moussy
  • John Pagus
    John Pagus
    John Pagus was a scholastic philosopher at the University of Paris, generally considered the first logician among the recorded scholastics.-Life:...

  • John of Paris
    John of Paris
    John of Paris , also called Jean Quidort and Johannes de Soardis was a French philosopher, theologian, and Dominican monk.-Life:John of Paris was born in Paris, France at an unknown date...

  • John Peckham
    John Peckham
    John Peckham was Archbishop of Canterbury in the years 1279–1292. He was a native of Sussex who was educated at Lewes Priory and became a Franciscan friar about 1250. He studied at Paris under Bonaventure, where he later taught theology. From his teaching, he came into conflict with Thomas...

  • John Punch
  • John of Reading
    John of Reading
    John of Reading was an English Franciscan theologian and scholastic philosopher. He was an early opponent of William of Ockham, and a follower of Duns Scotus. He wrote a commentary on the Sentences around 1320, at the University of Oxford. He argued for the unity of science...

  • John of Salisbury
    John of Salisbury
    John of Salisbury , who described himself as Johannes Parvus , was an English author, educationalist, diplomat and bishop of Chartres, and was born at Salisbury.-Early life and education:...

    , (c. 1115-1180)
  • Johannes Scotus Eriugena
    Johannes Scotus Eriugena
    Johannes Scotus Eriugena was an Irish theologian, Neoplatonist philosopher, and poet. He is known for having translated and made commentaries upon the work of Pseudo-Dionysius.-Name:...

  • John of Seville
    John of Seville
    John of Seville was the main translator from Arabic into Castilian together with Dominicus Gundissalinus during the early days of the Toledo School of Translators....

  • John of St. Gilles
  • John of Treviso
  • John Wyclif, (born 1324)
  • Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz
    Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz
    Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz was a Spanish Catholic scholastic philosopher, ecclesiastic, mathematician and writer.-Life:...

  • Juan de Mariana
    Juan de Mariana
    Juan de Mariana, also known as Father Mariana , was a Spanish Jesuit priest, Scholastic, historian, and member of the Monarchomachs....


L

  • Landulph Caracciolo
  • Lawrence de Fourgère
  • Lawrence of Lindores
  • Luis de Molina

M

  • Manegold of Lautenbach
    Manegold of Lautenbach
    Manegold of Lautenbach was a religious and polemical writer and Augustinian canon from Alsace, active mostly as a teacher in south-west Germany. William of Champeaux may have been one of his pupils, but this is disputed...

  • Master Martin
  • Marsilius of Inghen
    Marsilius of Inghen
    Marsilius of Inghen was a medieval Dutch Scholastic philosopher who studied with Albert of Saxony and Nicole Oresme under Jean Buridan. He was Magister at the University of Paris as well as at the University of Heidelberg from 1386 to 1396.-Life:He was born near Nijmegen...

  • Marsilius of Padua
    Marsilius of Padua
    Marsilius of Padua Marsilius of Padua Marsilius of Padua (Italian Marsilio or Marsiglio da Padova; (circa 1275 – circa 1342) was an Italian scholar, trained in medicine who practiced a variety of professions. He was also an important 14th century political figure...

  • Martin Dorp
  • Martin of Dacia
    Martin of Dacia
    Martin of Dacia was a Danish scholar, master of arts and theology at the University of Paris around 1250–88, and the author of Modi significandi, an influential treatise on grammar. He held a prebendary as canon of the Ribe Cathedral in the Ribe diocese...

  • Matthew of Aquasparta
    Matthew of Aquasparta
    Matthew of Aquasparta was an Italian Franciscan and scholastic philosopher.-Life:Born in Acquasparta, Umbria, he was a member of the Bentivenghi family, to which belonged his fellow Franciscan, Cardinal Bentivenga de' Bentivenghi, bishop of Albano...

  • Maurus of Salerno
  • Melchior Cano
    Melchior Cano
    Melchior Cano was a Spanish Scholastic theologian.-Clerical life:He was born in Tarancón, New Castile, and joined the Dominican Order in Salamanca, where by 1546 he had succeeded Francisco de Vitoria to the theological chair in the university. A man of deep learning and originality, proud and a...

  • Michael of Massa
    Michael of Massa
    Michael of Massa was an Italian Augustinian Hermit and theologian. He is known both as a scholastic philosopher and as an author of contemplative works....


P

  • Paul of Pergula
  • Paul of Venice
    Paul of Venice
    Paul of Venice was a Roman Catholic Scholastic philosopher, theologian, and logician of the Hermits of the Order of Saint Augustine.-Life:...

  • Peter Abelard, (1079-1142)
  • Peter Alfonsi
  • Peter the Archbishop
  • Peter Auriol
  • Peter of Auvergne
    Peter of Auvergne
    Peter of Auvergne was a French philosopher and theologian.He was a canon of Paris; some biographers have thought that he was Bishop of Clermont, because a Bull of Boniface VIII of the year 1296 names as canon of Paris a certain Peter of Croc , already canon of Clermont; but it is more likely that...

  • Peter le Bar
  • Peter of Candia
  • Peter of Capua
    Peter of Capua
    Peter of Capua was an Italian theologian and scholastic philosopher, and a Cardinal and papal legate.Peter was a member of an Amalfitan family. After a being a teacher at the University of Paris, he was employed by Pope Innocent III as legate. He made trips to Poland and Bohemia in 1197,...

  • Peter Ceffons
    Peter Ceffons
    Peter Ceffons was a French Cistercian theologian and scholastic philosopher, who became Abbot of Clairvaux. He is considered an early humanist for his style.He lectured on the Sentences at Paris in the late 1340s, using angle as a metaphor...

  • Peter of Corbeil
    Peter of Corbeil
    Peter of Corbeil , born at Corbeil, was a preacher and canon of Nôtre Dame de Paris, a scholastic philosopher and master of theology at the University of Paris, ca 1189. He is remembered largely because his aristocratic student Lotario de' Conti became pope as Innocent III. In 1198 Innocent...

  • Peter Damian
    Peter Damian
    Saint Peter Damian, O.S.B. was a reforming monk in the circle of Pope Gregory VII and a cardinal. In 1823, he was declared a Doctor of the Church...

  • Peter Helias
    Peter Helias
    Peter Helias was a medieval priest and philosopher. Born in Poitiers, he became a pupil of Thierry of Chartres at Paris in the 1130s, also teaching grammar and rhetoric in his school. Around 1155 he returned to Poitiers where he later died.Other influences beside Thierry include William of Conches...

  • Peter of Lamballe
  • Peter Lombard
    Peter Lombard
    Peter Lombard was a scholastic theologian and bishop and author of Four Books of Sentences, which became the standard textbook of theology, for which he is also known as Magister Sententiarum-Biography:Peter Lombard was born in Lumellogno , in...

  • Peter Musandinus
  • Peter Olivi
    Peter Olivi
    Peter John Olivi, in his native French Pierre Jean Olivi and also Pierre Déjean, was a Franciscan theologian who, although he died professing the faith of the Roman Catholic Church, became a controversial figure in the arguments surrounding poverty at the beginning of the fourteenth century...

  • Peter of Poitiers (canon)
  • Peter of Poitiers (Chancellor)
  • Peter de Rivo
    Peter de Rivo
    Peter de Rivo was a Flemish scholastic philosopher, teaching at the Catholic University of Leuven.His views on future contingents were controversial, being opposed by Henry of Zomeren, also at Leuven . De Rivo went to Rome in 1472 to defend his views to Pope Sixtus IV; they were condemned in 1473...

  • Peter the Small
  • Peter of Spain
    Peter of Spain
    Peter of Spain or, in Latin, Petrus Hispanus is the Mediaeval author of Tractatus, later known as Summulae logicales magistri Petri Hispani , a standard textbook on logic...

  • Peter the Venerable
    Peter the Venerable
    Peter the Venerable , also known as Peter of Montboissier, abbot of the Benedictine abbey of Cluny, born to Blessed Raingarde in Auvergne, France. He has been honored as a saint but has never been formally canonized.-Life:Peter was "Dedicated to God" at birth and given to the monastery at...

  • Pierre d'Ailly
    Pierre d'Ailly
    Pierre d'Ailly was a French theologian, astrologer, and cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church....

  • Pierre de Maricourt
  • Philip the Chancellor
    Philip the Chancellor
    Philip the Chancellor was a French theologian and Latin lyric poet. He was the illegitimate son of Philippe, Archdeacon of Paris , and was part of a family of powerful clerics. He was born and studied theology in Paris. He was chancellor of Notre Dame de Paris starting in 1217 until his death, and...

  • Plato of Tivoli
  • Prévostin of Cremona

R

  • Radbertus
    Radbertus
    St. Paschasius Radbertus , was a Frankish Benedictine monk, theologian, and Abbot of Corbie who wrote numerous treatises, expositions and biographies during the Frankish Carolingian era. His feast day is April 26.-Life:...

  • Radulphus Brito
    Radulphus Brito
    Radulphus Brito was an influential grammarian, based in Paris. He is usually identified as Raoul le Breton, though this is apparently disputed by some.Besides works of grammatical speculation — he was one of the Modistae — he wrote on Aristotle, Boethius and Priscian.Radulphus was...

  • Radulphus de Longo Campo
  • Ralph of Beauvais
  • Ralph Strode
    Ralph Strode
    Ralph Strode , English schoolman, was probably a native of the West Midlands.He was a fellow of Merton College, Oxford, before 1360, and famous as a teacher of logic and philosophy and a writer on educational subjects...

  • Ramon Lull
    Ramon Llull
    Ramon Llull was a Majorcan writer and philosopher, logician and tertiary Franciscan. He wrote the first major work of Catalan literature. Recently-surfaced manuscripts show him to have anticipated by several centuries prominent work on elections theory...

  • Raoul Ardens
  • Ratramnus
    Ratramnus
    Ratramnus, a Frankish monk of the monastery of Corbie, was a Carolingian theologian known best for his writings on the Eucharist and predestination. His Eucharistic treatise, De corpora et sanguine Domini , was a counterpoint to his abbot Paschasius Radbertus’ realist Eucharistic theology...

  • Reginald Pecock
    Reginald Pecock
    Reginald Pecock was an English prelate, Scholastic, and writer.-Life:Pecock was probably born in Wales, and was educated at Oriel College, Oxford....

  • Richard Brinkley
    Richard Brinkley
    Richard Brinkley was an English Franciscan scholastic philosopher and theologian. He was at the University of Oxford in the mid-fourteenth century; he produced a Summa Logicae in a nominalist vein in the 1360s or early 1370s, and other works....

  • Richard of Campsall
    Richard of Campsall
    Richard of Campsall was an English theologian and scholastic philosopher, at the University of Oxford. He was a Fellow of Balliol College and then of Merton College...

  • Richard l'Evêque
    Richard l'Evêque
    Richard l'Evêque was a French theologian and early scholastic philosopher, a friend of Robert de Torigni and a disseminator of Aristotle, in the translations of James of Venice. He became bishop of Avranches....

  • Richard Fishacre
    Richard Fishacre
    Richard Fishacre was an English Dominican theologian, the first to hold the Dominican chair at the University of Oxford. He taught at Oxford and authored the first commentary on the Four Books of Sentences of Peter Lombard to be issued from the Oxford schools...

  • Richard Ferrybridge
    Richard Ferrybridge
    Richard Ferrybridge was an English Scholastic logician of the fourteenth century.His works include a Tractatus de veritate sive logica, and the Consequentiae. He is alluded to in The Anatomy of Melancholy.-Notes:...

  • Richard Fitzralph
    Richard FitzRalph
    Richard FitzRalph was an Archbishop of Armagh during the 14th century. He was born into a well-off burgess family of Anglo-Norman/Hiberno-Norman descent in Dundalk, Ireland. He is noted as an ex-fellow and teacher of Balliol College, at the University of Oxford in 1325...

  • Richard de Fournival
    Richard de Fournival
    Richard de Fournival or Richart de Fornival was a medieval philosopher and trouvère perhaps best known for the Bestiaire d'amour .-Life:...

  • Richard Kilvington
    Richard Kilvington
    Richard Kilvington was an English scholastic philosopher at the University of Oxford. His surviving works are lecture notes from the 1320s and 1330s. He was a Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford...

  • Richard of Middleton
    Richard of Middleton
    Richard of Middleton was a member of the Franciscan Order, a theologian, and philosopher. He was Norman, and therefore it is impossible to tell whether he came from France or England originally...

  • Richard Rufus of Cornwall
    Richard Rufus of Cornwall
    Richard Rufus of Cornwall was an English Franciscan scholastic philosopher and theologian who studied at Paris and at Oxford....

  • Richard of Saint-Laurent
    Richard of Saint-Laurent
    Richard of Saint-Laurent was a French theologian of the thirteenth century. He is thought to have been a canon at Rouen.He is known for De laudibus beatae Mariae Virginis, a work printed by 1473, which is a long Mariale or work of praise for the Virgin Mary.-External links:* *...

  • Richard of St. Victor
    Richard of St. Victor
    Richard of Saint Victor is known today as one of the most influential religious thinkers of his time. He was a prominent mystical theologian, and was prior of the famous Augustinian Abbey of Saint Victor in Paris from 1162 until his death in 1173....

    , (died 1173)
  • Richard Swineshead
    Richard Swineshead
    Richard Swineshead was an English mathematician, logician, and natural philosopher. He was perhaps the greatest of the Oxford Calculators of Merton College, where he was a fellow certainly by 1344 and possibly by 1340.His magnum opus was a series of treatises known as the Liber calculationum ,...

  • Robert Blund
  • Robert of Courson
  • Robert Grosseteste
    Robert Grosseteste
    Robert Grosseteste or Grossetete was an English statesman, scholastic philosopher, theologian and Bishop of Lincoln. He was born of humble parents at Stradbroke in Suffolk. A.C...

    , (c. 1175-1253)
  • Robert of Halifax
  • Robert Holcot
    Robert Holcot
    Robert Holcot was an English Dominican scholastic philosopher, theologian and influential Biblical scholar. He was born in Holcot, Northamptonshire...

  • Robert Kilwardby
    Robert Kilwardby
    Robert Kilwardby was an Archbishop of Canterbury in England and as well as a cardinal.-Life:Kilwardby studied at the University of Paris, then was a teacher of grammar and logic there. He then joined the Dominican Order and studied theology, and became regent at Oxford University before 1261,...

    , (died 1279)
  • Robert of Melun
    Robert of Melun
    Robert of Melun was an English scholastic Christian theologian who taught in France, and later became Bishop of Hereford in England. He studied under Peter Abelard in Paris before teaching there and at Melun, which gave him his surname. His students included John of Salisbury, Roger of Worcester,...

  • Robert of Paris
  • Robert Pullus
    Robert Pullus
    Robert Pullus was an English cardinal, philosopher and theologian, of the twelfth century.-Biography:...

  • Robert de Sorbon
    Robert de Sorbon
    Robert de Sorbon was a French theologian, the chaplain of Louis IX of France, and founder of the Sorbonne college in Paris....

    , (1201-1274)
  • Robert Walterston
  • Roger Bacon
    Roger Bacon
    Roger Bacon, O.F.M. , also known as Doctor Mirabilis , was an English philosopher and Franciscan friar who placed considerable emphasis on the study of nature through empirical methods...

    , (1214-1294)
  • Roger Marston
    Roger Marston
    Roger Marston was an English Franciscan scholastic philosopher and theologian.He studied under John Pecham in Paris, in the years around 1270, and probably also at Oxford a few years later, during the time he was a pupil of John Pecham he was a fellow student with Matthew of Aquasparta. He...

  • Roland of Cremona
    Roland of Cremona
    Roland of Cremona was a Dominican theologian and an early scholastic philosopher. He was the first Dominican regentat Paris, France...

  • Roscelin of Compiègne
    Roscellinus
    Roscellinus, also called Roscelin of Compiègne or in Latin Roscellinus Compendiensis and Rucelinus , was a French philosopher and theologian, often regarded as the founder of nominalism .-Biography:...


S

  • Siger of Brabant, (1240-1284)
  • Simon of Faversham
    Simon of Faversham
    Simon of Faversham was an English thirteenth-century scholastic philosopher. He was born in Faversham, Kent, and educated at Oxford. He was made Chancellor of Oxford University in January 1304....

  • Simon of Poissy
  • Simon of Tournai
    Simon of Tournai
    Simon of Tournai was a professor at the University of Paris in the late twelfth century. His date of birth is uncertain, but he was teaching before 1184, as he signed a document at the same time as Gerard de Pucelle, the Bishop of Coventry, who died that year.Simon taught philosophy for ten...

  • Stephen Bérout
  • Stephen Langton
    Stephen Langton
    Stephen Langton was Archbishop of Canterbury between 1207 and his death in 1228 and was a central figure in the dispute between King John of England and Pope Innocent III, which ultimately led to the issuing of Magna Carta in 1215...

    , (c 1150-1228)
  • Stephen of Poligny
  • Stephen of Venizy

T

  • Thierry of Chartres/Theodoricus Carnotensis
    Thierry of Chartres
    Thierry of Chartres or Theodoric the Breton was a twelfth-century philosopher working at Chartres and Paris, France....

  • Thomas Aquinas
    Thomas Aquinas
    Thomas Aquinas, O.P. , also Thomas of Aquin or Aquino, was an Italian Dominican priest of the Catholic Church, and an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, known as Doctor Angelicus, Doctor Communis, or Doctor Universalis...

    , (1225-1274)
  • Thomas Bradwardine
    Thomas Bradwardine
    Thomas Bradwardine was an English scholar, scientist, courtier and, very briefly, Archbishop of Canterbury. As a celebrated scholastic philosopher and doctor of theology, he is often called Doctor Profundus, .-Life:He was born either at Hartfield in Sussex or at Chichester, where his family were...

    , (c. 1290-1349)
  • Thomas of Chobham
    Thomas of Chobham
    Thomas of Chobham , English theologian and subdean of Salisbury, was born c. 1160, presumably in Chobham, Surrey, England, and died between 1233 and 1236 in Salisbury, England....

  • Thomas of Erfurt
  • Thomas Gallus
    Thomas Gallus
    Thomas Gallus of Vercelli was a French theologian, a member of the School of St Victor. He is known for his commentaries on Pseudo-Dionysius and his ideas on affective theology. His elaborate mystical schemata influenced Bonaventure and The Cloud of Unknowing...

  • Thomas à Kempis
    Thomas à Kempis
    Thomas à Kempis was a late Medieval Catholic monk and the probable author of The Imitation of Christ, which is one of the best known Christian books on devotion. His name means, "Thomas of Kempen", his home town and in German he is known as Thomas von Kempen...

    , (1380-1471)
  • Thomas Netter
    Thomas Netter
    Thomas Netter was an English Scholastic theologian and controversialist. From his birthplace he is commonly called Thomas Waldensis.-Life:...

     of Walden
  • Thomas of Sutton
    Thomas of Sutton
    Thomas of Sutton was an English Dominican theologian, an early Thomist. He wrote a large number of works, in some of which he opposed Duns Scotus....

  • Thomas Wilton
    Thomas Wilton
    Thomas Wilton was an English theologian and scholastic philosopher, a teacher at the University of Oxford and then the University of Paris, where he taught Walter Burley. He was a Fellow of Merton College from about 1288....


W

  • Walter Burley
    Walter Burley
    Walter Burley was a medieval English Scholastic philosopher and logician. He was a Master of Arts at Oxford in 1301, and a fellow of Merton College, Oxford until about 1310. He spent sixteen years at Paris until 1326, becoming a fellow of the Sorbonne by 1324. After that, he spent seventeen...

  • Walter Chatton
    Walter Chatton
    Walter Chatton was an English Scholastic theologian and philosopher who regularly sparred philosophically with William of Ockham, well known for Ockham's Razor.Chatton proposed an "anti-razor". From his Lectura I d. 3, q. 1, a...

  • Walter of Château-Thierry
    Walter of Château-Thierry
    Walter of Château-Thierry was a French theologian and scholastic philosopher. He became bishop of Paris in the final year of his life....

  • Walter of Mortagne
    Walter of Mortagne
    Walter of Mortagne was a Scholastic philosopher, and theologian.He was educated in the schools of Tournai. From 1136 to 1144 he taught at the celebrated School of St Genevieve in Paris. From Paris he went to Laon and was made bishop of that see. His principal works are a treatise on the Holy...

  • William of Alnwick
    William of Alnwick
    William of Alnwick was a Franciscan friar and theologian, and bishop of Giovinazzo, who took his name from Alnwick in Northumberland....

  • William of Altona
  • William Arnaud
  • William of Auvergne
    William of Auvergne, Bishop of Paris
    William of Auvergne was a French priest who served as Bishop of Paris from 1228 until his death in 1249. He is also known as Guillaume d'Auvergne, Guilielmus Alvernus, or William of Paris.-Life:...

  • William of Auxerre
    William of Auxerre
    William of Auxerre was a French scholastic theologian and official in the Roman Catholic Church.The teacher by whom William was most influenced was Praepositinus, or Prevostin, of Cremona, Chancellor of the University of Paris from 1206 to 1209...

  • William of Champeaux
    William of Champeaux
    Guillaume de Champeaux , also known as William of Champeaux or Guglielmus de Campellis , was a French philosopher and theologian.He was born at Champeaux near Melun...

  • William of Conches
    William of Conches
    William of Conches was a French scholastic philosopher who sought to expand the bounds of Christian humanism by studying secular works of the classics and fostering empirical science. He was a prominent member of the School of Chartres...

  • William Crathorne
  • William of Durham
    William of Durham
    William of Durham , who is said to have founded University College, Oxford, England. He probably came from Sedgefield, County Durham and was educated at Wearmouth monastery and in Paris, France....

  • William d'Etampes; Gallicus de Stampis
  • William of Falagar
  • William Heytesbury
    William Heytesbury
    William Heytesbury , philosopher and logician, is best known as one of the Oxford Calculators of Merton College, where he was a fellow by 1330....

  • William of Lucca
    William of Lucca
    William of Lucca was an Italian theologian and scholastic philosopher. He taught at Bologna, in the third quarter of the twelfth century....

  • William de la Mare
    William de la Mare
    William De La Mare was an English Franciscan theologian.He is known for his opposition to the theology of Thomas Aquinas, expressed in his work Correctorium fratris Thomae. It earned him the name Doctor correctivus.-External links:*...

  • William of Ockham
    William of Ockham
    William of Ockham was an English Franciscan friar and scholastic philosopher, who is believed to have been born in Ockham, a small village in Surrey. He is considered to be one of the major figures of medieval thought and was at the centre of the major intellectual and political controversies of...

    , (ca. 1285-1349)
  • William of Saint-Amour
    William of Saint-Amour
    William of Saint-Amour was a minor figure in thirteenth-century scholasticism, chiefly notable for his withering attacks on the friars.-Biography:...

  • William of Sherwood
    William of Sherwood
    William of Sherwood was a medieval English Scholastic philosopher, logician and teacher.Little is known of his life, but he is thought to have studied in Paris, as a master at Oxford in 1252, treasurer of Lincoln from 1254/8 onwards, and a rector of Aylesbury.He was the author of two books which...

  • William of Ware
    William of Ware
    William of Ware was a Franciscan friar and theologian, born at Ware in Hertfordshire. He almost certainly studied at Oxford University and lectured on the Sentences of Pierre Lombard there, but he is not listed among the Oxford masters...

  • Witelo
    Witelo
    Witelo was a friar, theologian and scientist: a physicist, natural philosopher, mathematician. He is an important figure in the history of philosophy in Poland...

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