List of rulers of Bavaria
Encyclopedia
History of Bavaria
The history of Bavaria stretches from its earliest settlement and its formation as a stem duchy in the 6th century through its inclusion in the Holy Roman Empires to its status as an independent kingdom and, finally, as a large and significant Bundesland of the modern Federal Republic of...
. Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
was ruled by several duke
Duke
A duke or duchess is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy...
s and kings
Monarch
A monarch is the person who heads a monarchy. This is a form of government in which a state or polity is ruled or controlled by an individual who typically inherits the throne by birth and occasionally rules for life or until abdication...
, partitioned and reunited, under several dynasties
Dynasty
A dynasty is a sequence of rulers considered members of the same family. Historians traditionally consider many sovereign states' history within a framework of successive dynasties, e.g., China, Ancient Egypt and the Persian Empire...
. Since 1949 Bavaria has been a democratic state
States of Germany
Germany is made up of sixteen which are partly sovereign constituent states of the Federal Republic of Germany. Land literally translates as "country", and constitutionally speaking, they are constituent countries...
in Federal Republic of Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
.
Agilolfing dynasty, 548–788
Around 548 the kings of the Franks
Franks
The Franks were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a...
placed the border region of Bavaria under the administration of a duke — possibly Frankish or possibly chosen from amongst the local leading families — who was supposed to act as a regional governor for the Frankish king. The first duke we know of, and likely the first, was Gariwald, or Garibald I, a member of the powerful Agilolfing family
Agilolfings
The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788...
. This was the beginning of a series of Agilolfing dukes that was to last until 788.
Carolingian dynasty, 788–911
The Kings (later Emperors) of the Franks now assumed complete control, placing Bavaria under the rule of non-hereditary governors and civil servants. They were not Dukes but rather Kings of Bavaria. The Emperor Louis the Pious
Louis the Pious
Louis the Pious , also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was the King of Aquitaine from 781. He was also King of the Franks and co-Emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813...
divided control of the Empire among his sons, and the divisions became permanent in the decades following his death in 840. The Frankish rulers controlled Bavaria as part of their possessions.
Luitpolding dynasty, 911–947
Luitpold, founder of the Luitpolding
Luitpolding
The Luitpoldings were a medieval dynasty which ruled the German stem duchy of Bavaria from some time in the late ninth century off and on until 985. The progenitor of the family was Margrave Luitpold of Bavaria , possibly a descendant of the Early medieval Huosi noble family and maybe related to...
dynasty, was not a Duke of Bavaria but a Margrave of Carinthia under the rule of Louis the Child. Frankish power had waned in the region due to Hungarian attacks, allowing the local rulers greater independence. Luitpold's son, Arnulf, claimed the title of Duke (implying full autonomy) in 911, and was recognized as such by the German King Henry the Fowler in 920.
German kings, 947–1070
From 947 until the 11th century, the kings of Germany repeatedly transferred Bavaria into different hands (including their own), never allowing any one family to establish itself. Bavaria was ruled by a series of short-lasting, mostly unrelated dynasties.
Houses of Welf and Babenberg, 1070–1180
In 1070, Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century...
deposed duke Otto, granting the duchy instead to Welf I, Duke of Bavaria
Welf I, Duke of Bavaria
Welf I was duke of Bavaria from 1070 to 1077 and from 1096 to his death. He was the first member of the Welf branch of the House of Este. In the Welf genealogy he is counted as Welf IV.-Life and reign:...
, a member of the Italo-Bavarian family of Este. Welf I subsequently quarreled with King Henry and was deprived of his duchy for nineteen years, during which it was directly administered by the German crown. Welf I recovered the duchy in 1096, and was succeeded by his sons Welf II and Henry IX — the latter was succeeded by his son Henry X, who also became Duke of Saxony
Rulers of Saxony
This article lists Dukes, Electors, and Kings ruling over different territories named Saxony from the beginning of the Saxon Duchy in the 9th century to the end of the Saxon Kingdom in 1918.-Dukes of Saxony:...
.
Wittelsbach dynasty, 1180–1918
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In 1180, Henry XII the Lion and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick I Barbarossa was a German Holy Roman Emperor. He was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned in Aachen on 9 March, crowned King of Italy in Pavia in 1155, and finally crowned Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV, on 18 June 1155, and two years later in 1157 the term...
, fell out, and Frederick dispossessed the duke and gave his territory to Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
Otto I , called the Redhead , was Duke of Bavaria from 1180 until his death. He was the first Bavarian ruler from the House of Wittelsbach, a dynasty which reigned until the abdication of King Ludwig III of Bavaria in the German Revolution of 1918.-Biography:Duke Otto I was probably born at...
of the House of Wittelsbach. Bavaria remained in the possession of various branches of the family until the First World War.
First partition, 1253–1340
In 1253, on Otto II's death, Bavaria was divided between his sons. Henry became Duke of Lower Bavaria, and Louis of Upper Bavaria. From this point until the beginning of the 16th century, the territories were frequently divided between brothers, making the Dukes difficult to list.In Lower Bavaria, Henry XIII was succeeded by his three sons, Otto III, Louis III, and Stephen I ruling jointly. Otto III's successor in the joint dukedom was his son Henry XV. Stephen's successors were his sons Otto IV and Henry XIV. Henry XIV's son was John I.
In Upper Bavaria, Louis II was succeeded by his sons Rudolf I and Louis IV. The latter was elected King of Germany in 1314. After John I's death in 1340, Louis IV unified the Bavarian duchy.
The dukes of Upper Bavaria served also as Counts Palatinate of the Rhine. In 1329 Louis IV released the Palatinate of the Rhine including the Bavarian Upper Palatinate
Upper Palatinate
The Upper Palatinate is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of Bavaria.- History :The region took its name first in the early 16th century, because it was by the Treaty of Pavia one of the main portions of the territory of the Wittelsbach Elector...
to the sons of Rudolf I. The Upper Palatinate would be reunited with Bavaria in 1623, the Lower Palatinate in 1777.
Second partition 1349–1503
From 1349 until 1503 the second partition of Bavaria took place. In 1349, the six sons of Louis IV partitioned Bavaria into Upper and Lower Bavaria again. In 1353, Lower Bavaria was partitioned into Bavaria-LandshutBavaria-Landshut
-History:The creation of the duchy was the result of the death of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian. In the Treaty of Landsberg 1349, which divided up Louis's empire, his sons Stephen, William, and Albert were to receive jointly Lower Bavaria and the Netherlands. Four years later the inheritance was...
and Bavaria-Straubing
Bavaria-Straubing
Bavaria-Straubing denotes the widely-scattered territorial inheritance in the Wittelsbach house of Bavaria that were governed by independent dukes of Bavaria-Straubing between 1353 and 1432; a map of these marches and outliers of the Holy Roman Empire, vividly demonstrates the fractionalisation of...
. Upper Bavaria was partitioned between Bavaria-Straubing and Bavaria-Landshut in 1363. After the death of Stephan II
Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria
Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace...
in 1392, Bavaria-Landshut was broken into three duchies, John II, Duke of Bavaria
John II, Duke of Bavaria
Duke John II of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1375 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was the third son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:...
gained Bavaria-Munich
Bavaria-Munich
-History:After the death of Stephen II in 1375, his sons Stephen III, Frederick, and John II jointly ruled Bavaria-Landshut. After seventeen years, the brothers decided to formally divide their inheritance. John received Bavaria-Munich, Stephen received Bavaria-Ingolstadt, while Frederick kept...
, Frederick, Duke of Bavaria-Landshut received a smaller Bavaria-Landshut, and in Bavaria-Ingolstadt
Bavaria-Ingolstadt
Bavaria-Ingolstadt was a duchy which was part of the Holy Roman Empire from 1392 to 1447.-History:After the death of Stephen II in 1375, his sons Stephen III, Frederick, and John II jointly ruled Bavaria-Landshut. After seventeen years, the brothers decided to formally divide their inheritance...
ruled Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria
Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria
Duke Stephen III of Bavaria was a Duke of Bavaria since 1375. He was the eldest son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:...
.
| Duchy of Lower Bavaria In 1353, Lower Bavaria was partitioned into Bavaria-Landshut and Bavaria-Straubing. |
Duchy of Upper Bavaria In 1363, Upper Bavaria was annexed by Bavaria-Landshut. |
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| Duchy of Bavaria-Landshut | Duchy of Bavaria-Straubing Also Counts of Holland, Zeeland Count of Holland The Counts of Holland ruled over the County of Holland in the Low Countries between the 10th and the 16th century.-House of Holland:The first count of Holland, Dirk I, was the son or foster-son of Gerolf, Count in Frisia... and Hainaut Counts of Hainaut The counts of Hainaut were the rulers of the county of Hainaut, a historical region in the Low Countries .-House of Reginar:... |
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| Duchy of Bavaria-Landshut | Duchy of Bavaria-Straubing | ||||
| Duchy of Bavaria-Landshut In 1392, Bavaria-Landshut was broken into three duchies, Bavaria-Munich, a smaller Bavaria-Landshut, and Bavaria-Ingolstadt. |
Duchy of Bavaria-Straubing In 1429, Bavaria-Straubing was partitioned among the other Bavarian duchies. |
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| Duchy of Bavaria-Munich | Duchy of Bavaria-Landshut | Duchy of Bavaria-Ingolstadt | |
| Duchy of Bavaria-Munich | Duchy of Bavaria-Landshut | Duchy of Bavaria-Ingolstadt | |
| Duchy of Bavaria-Munich Bavaria-Munich was partitioned into a smaller Bavaria-Munich and Bavaria-Dachau in 1467. |
Duchy of Bavaria-Landshut | Duchy of Bavaria-Ingolstadt Bavaria-Ingolstadt was annexed by Bavaria-Landshut in 1447. |
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| Duchy of Bavaria-Munich | Duchy of Bavaria-Dachau Bavaria-Dachau was reunited with Bavaria-Munich in 1501. |
Duchy of Bavaria-Landshut Bavaria-Landshut was annexed by Bavaria-Munich in 1503. |
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| Duchy of Bavaria-Munich | |||
Following the Landshut War (1503–1505), the Duke of Bavaria-Munich Albert IV the Wise
Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria
Duke Albert IV of Bavaria-Munich , , from 1467 Duke of Bavaria-Munich, from 1503 Duke of the reunited Bavaria.-Biography:...
became ruler of Bavaria. In 1506 Albert decreed that the duchy should pass according to the rules of primogeniture
Primogeniture
Primogeniture is the right, by law or custom, of the firstborn to inherit the entire estate, to the exclusion of younger siblings . Historically, the term implied male primogeniture, to the exclusion of females...
.
In 1623 Maximilian I
Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria
Maximilian I, Duke/Elector of Bavaria , called "the Great", was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire. His reign was marked by the Thirty Years' War ....
was granted the title Electorate
Prince-elector
The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an...
(German: Kurfürst) of the Rhenish Palatinate in 1623.
Kings of Bavaria, 1806–1918
In 1805 under the Peace of PressburgPeace of Pressburg
The Peace of Pressburg refers to four peace treaties concluded in Pressburg . The fourth Peace of Pressburg of 1805 during the Napoleonic Wars is the best-known.-First:...
between the Napoleonic France
History of France
The history of France goes back to the arrival of the earliest human being in what is now France. Members of the genus Homo entered the area hundreds of thousands years ago, while the first modern Homo sapiens, the Cro-Magnons, arrived around 40,000 years ago...
and the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
several duchies were elevated to kingdoms. The Wittelsbach rulers of Bavaria held the title King of Bavaria from 1806 until 1918. The prince-elector
Prince-elector
The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an...
of Bavaria, Maximilian IV Joseph formally assumed the title King Maximilian I of Bavaria on 1 January 1806. The well-known so called Märchenkönig (Fairy tale king) Ludwig II
Ludwig II of Bavaria
Ludwig II was King of Bavaria from 1864 until shortly before his death. He is sometimes called the Swan King and der Märchenkönig, the Fairy tale King...
constructed Neuschwanstein Castle, Herrenchiemsee
Herrenchiemsee
Herrenchiemsee is a complex of royal buildings on the Herreninsel, an island in the Chiemsee, Bavaria's largest lake, 60 km south east of Munich. Together with the neighbouring island of Frauenchiemsee and the uninhabited Krautinsel it forms the municipality of Chiemsee...
or Linderhof Palace during his reign (1864–1886). In 1918 Ludwig III
Ludwig III of Bavaria
Ludwig III , was the last King of Bavaria, reigning from 1913 to 1918.-Early life:...
lost his throne in the German Revolution of 1918–1919.
Post-monarchy
In 1918 — at the end of the First World WarWorld War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
in the German Revolution of 1918–1919 Bavaria became a democratic
Democracy
Democracy is generally defined as a form of government in which all adult citizens have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. Ideally, this includes equal participation in the proposal, development and passage of legislation into law...
republic in the Weimar Republic
Weimar Republic
The Weimar Republic is the name given by historians to the parliamentary republic established in 1919 in Germany to replace the imperial form of government...
; the name for the period of Germany from 1919 to 1933. Since then the rulers of Bavaria are minister presidents
Minister-President
A minister-president is the head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments, in which a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government prevails, who presides over the council of ministers...
.
Table of rulers
Ducal Bavaria
| Name | | Image | Title | Start term | | End term | House | | Part | | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Garibald I Garibald I of Bavaria Garibald I was Duke of Bavaria from 555 until 591. He stands at the head of the Agilolfings and the Bavarian Dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of the Lombards.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 555 (c.) | 591 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
Some sources call him "King of the Bavarians". | ||
| Tassilo I Tassilo I of Bavaria Tassilo I was King of Bavaria from 591 to his death. According to Paul the Deacon, he was appointed as Bavarian rex by Childebert II, Frankish king of Austrasia, in 591, ending the war with the Franks. The war began during the reign of Tassilo's predecessor, Garibald I, when Garibald concluded a... |
Duke of Bavaria | 591 (c.) | 610 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
Named rex (king) at his ascension. | ||
| Garibald II Garibald II of Bavaria Garibald II was Duke of Bavaria from 610 until his death. He was the son of Tassilo I.He married Geila, daughter of Gisulf II of Friuli and Romilda.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 610 (c.) | 630 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
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| Theodo Theodo of Bavaria Theodo also known as Theodo V and Theodo II, was the Duke of Bavaria from 670 or, more probably, 680 to his death.It is with Theodo that the well-sourced history of Bavaria begins... |
Duke of Bavaria | 680 (c.) | 716 (?) | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
By the time of Theodo, who died in 716 or 717, the Bavarian duchy had achieved complete independence from the Frankish kings. Theodo's sons divided the duchy, but by 719 the rule had returned to Grimoald Grimoald of Bavaria Grimoald was the duke of Bavaria from about 715 to his death. He was the youngest of the four sons of Theodo of Bavaria and his wife Folchaid and the uncle of Swanachild, the second wife of Charles Martel. At first, he co-reigned with his brothers Theodbert, Theobald, and Tassilo II and then,... . |
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| Theodbert Theodbert of Bavaria Theodbert was the duke of Bavaria in some capacity or other from 702 to his death. He was the eldest son of Duke Theodo of Bavaria and Folchaid. He was first associated with his father as duke in 702, ruling from Salzburg... |
Duke | 702 (c.) | 719 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
Salzburg Salzburg -Population development:In 1935, the population significantly increased when Salzburg absorbed adjacent municipalities. After World War II, numerous refugees found a new home in the city. New residential space was created for American soldiers of the postwar Occupation, and could be used for... |
Son of Theodo. | |
| Theobald Theobald of Bavaria Theobald was the duke of Bavaria from at least 711, when his father Theodo associated him with his rule at Passau or Salzburg. He was the second son of Theodo and Folchaid.... |
Duke | 711 (c.) | 719 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
Parts of Bavaria | Son of Theodo. | |
| Tassilo II Tassilo II of Bavaria Tassilo II was a ruler in southern Germany.He was the son, probably third, of Theodo of Bavaria and Folchaid. Sometime before 715, Theodo divided his duchy and associated with its rule the eldest two of his four sons. The eldest, Theodbert, was co-ruling as early as 702 and the second, Theobald,... |
Duke | 716 (c.) | 719 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
Passau Passau Passau is a town in Lower Bavaria, Germany. It is also known as the Dreiflüssestadt or "City of Three Rivers," because the Danube is joined at Passau by the Inn from the south and the Ilz from the north.... |
Son of Theodo. | |
| Grimoald Grimoald of Bavaria Grimoald was the duke of Bavaria from about 715 to his death. He was the youngest of the four sons of Theodo of Bavaria and his wife Folchaid and the uncle of Swanachild, the second wife of Charles Martel. At first, he co-reigned with his brothers Theodbert, Theobald, and Tassilo II and then,... |
Duke | 716 (c.) | 725 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
Freising Freising Freising is a town in Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district Freising. Total population 48,500.The city is located north of Munich at the Isar river, near the Munich International Airport... |
Son of Theodo, later ruling all of Bavaria. | |
| Hugbert Hugbert of Bavaria Hugbert of the Agilolfings was duke of Bavaria from 725 to 736 . He was son of the duke Theudebert and Regintrud, the probable daughter of the Seneschal Hugobert and Irmina of Oeren.... |
Duke | 725 | 737 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
Son of Theudbert. In 725(?), Charles Martel Charles Martel Charles Martel , also known as Charles the Hammer, was a Frankish military and political leader, who served as Mayor of the Palace under the Merovingian kings and ruled de facto during an interregnum at the end of his life, using the title Duke and Prince of the Franks. In 739 he was offered the... , ruler in fact though not in name of the Frankish realm, reasserted royal supremacy over Bavaria, defeating and killing Grimoald Grimoald of Bavaria Grimoald was the duke of Bavaria from about 715 to his death. He was the youngest of the four sons of Theodo of Bavaria and his wife Folchaid and the uncle of Swanachild, the second wife of Charles Martel. At first, he co-reigned with his brothers Theodbert, Theobald, and Tassilo II and then,... and annexing portions of Bavaria during the rule of Hugbert. |
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| Odilo Odilo of Bavaria Odilo was an Alamannic nobleman, a son of Gotfrid of the house of the Agilolfings.He ruled Thurgau until 736, when with the death of Hugbert of Bavaria the older line of the Agilofing became extinct and he inherited the rulership of Bavaria, which he held until his death in 748.Odilo presided... |
737 | 748 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
Son of Gotfrid Gotfrid Gotfrid, Gotefrid, or Gottfried was the Duke of Alemannia in the late seventh century and until his death. He was of the house of the Agilolfing, which was the dominant ruling family in Bavaria.... . |
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| Grifo Grifo Grifo was the son of the Frankish major domo Charles Martel and his second wife Swanahild.After the death of Charles Martel power may well have been intended to be divided among Grifo and his half-brothers Pepin the Younger and Carloman... |
748 | 748 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
Usurper | |||
| Tassilo III Tassilo III of Bavaria Tassilo III was duke of Bavaria from 748 to 788, the last of the house of the Agilolfings.Tassilo, then still an infant, began his rule as a Frankish ward under the tutelage of the Merovingian Mayor of the Palace Pepin the Short after Tassilo's father, Duke Odilo of Bavaria, had died in 747 and... |
Duke of Bavaria | 748 | 788 | Agilolfings Agilolfings The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788... |
In 757 Tassilo III recognized the suzerainty of the Frankish kings Pippin III and did homage to Charlemagne Charlemagne Charlemagne was King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans from 800 to his death in 814. He expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy and was crowned by Pope Leo III on 25 December 800... in 781, and again in 787, while pursued an independent policy. In 788, Charlemagne had Tassilo sentenced to death on a charge of treason. Tassilo, granted pardon, entered a monastery and formally renounced his duchy at Frankfurt am Main in 794. |
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| Charlemagne Charlemagne Charlemagne was King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans from 800 to his death in 814. He expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy and was crowned by Pope Leo III on 25 December 800... |
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Emperor | 788 | 814 | Carolingian | ||
| Gerold of Vinzgouw Gerold of Vinzgouw Gerold of Vinzgau was a count in Kraichgau and Anglachgau. His daughter married King Charlemagne in 771.In 784 generous donations to the monastery of Lorsch by Gerold and Emma are recorded.... |
Prefect of Bavaria | 794 | 799 | Udalriching | Appointed Baioariæ præfectus by Charlemagne. Died in battle. | ||
| Louis the Pious Louis the Pious Louis the Pious , also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was the King of Aquitaine from 781. He was also King of the Franks and co-Emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813... |
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Emperor | 814 | 817 | Carolingian | In 817, Louis bestowed Bavaria upon his then-youngest son, Louis the German. | |
| Louis the German Louis the German Louis the German , also known as Louis II or Louis the Bavarian, was a grandson of Charlemagne and the third son of the succeeding Frankish Emperor Louis the Pious and his first wife, Ermengarde of Hesbaye.He received the appellation 'Germanicus' shortly after his death in recognition of the fact... |
King of Bavaria | 817 | 865 | Carolingian | Louis was to rule as King of Bavaria, subordinate to his father, until the latter's death in 840. From 843, Bavaria was merged in Louis the German's Kingdom of East Francia. In 864, Louis the German gave control of Bavaria to his son Carloman, and died in 876. Louis' two younger sons, Louis and Charles — the latter of whom briefly recovered control of all the Frankish possessions — ruled Bavaria in succession after Carloman. | ||
| Carloman Carloman of Bavaria Carloman was the eldest son of Louis the German, king of East Francia , and Hemma, daughter of the count Welf... |
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King of Bavaria | 864 | 880 | Carolingian | Eldest son of Louis the German Louis the German Louis the German , also known as Louis II or Louis the Bavarian, was a grandson of Charlemagne and the third son of the succeeding Frankish Emperor Louis the Pious and his first wife, Ermengarde of Hesbaye.He received the appellation 'Germanicus' shortly after his death in recognition of the fact... . |
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| Louis the Younger Louis the Younger Louis the Younger , sometimes Louis III, was the second eldest of the three sons of Louis the German and Emma. He succeeded his father as the King of Saxony on 28 August 876 and his elder brother Carloman as King of Bavaria from 880... |
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King of Bavaria | 880 | 882 | Carolingian | Son of Louis the German Louis the German Louis the German , also known as Louis II or Louis the Bavarian, was a grandson of Charlemagne and the third son of the succeeding Frankish Emperor Louis the Pious and his first wife, Ermengarde of Hesbaye.He received the appellation 'Germanicus' shortly after his death in recognition of the fact... . |
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| Charles the Fat Charles the Fat Charles the Fat was the King of Alemannia from 876, King of Italy from 879, western Emperor from 881, King of East Francia from 882, and King of West Francia from 884. In 887, he was deposed in East Francia, Lotharingia, and possibly Italy, where the records are not clear... |
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King of Bavaria | 882 | 887 | Carolingian | Youngest son of Louis the German Louis the German Louis the German , also known as Louis II or Louis the Bavarian, was a grandson of Charlemagne and the third son of the succeeding Frankish Emperor Louis the Pious and his first wife, Ermengarde of Hesbaye.He received the appellation 'Germanicus' shortly after his death in recognition of the fact... . Carloman Carloman of Bavaria Carloman was the eldest son of Louis the German, king of East Francia , and Hemma, daughter of the count Welf... 's bastard son, Arnulf of Carinthia Arnulf of Carinthia Arnulf of Carinthia was the Carolingian King of East Francia from 887, the disputed King of Italy from 894 and the disputed Holy Roman Emperor from February 22, 896 until his death.-Birth and Illegitimacy:... , rebelled against Charles and took power in eastern Francia shortly before Charles' death. |
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| Arnulf of Carinthia Arnulf of Carinthia Arnulf of Carinthia was the Carolingian King of East Francia from 887, the disputed King of Italy from 894 and the disputed Holy Roman Emperor from February 22, 896 until his death.-Birth and Illegitimacy:... |
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King of Bavaria | 887 | 899 | Carolingian | Son of Carloman Carloman of Bavaria Carloman was the eldest son of Louis the German, king of East Francia , and Hemma, daughter of the count Welf... . |
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| Louis the Child Louis the Child Louis the Child , sometimes called Louis IV or Louis III, was the last Carolingian ruler of East Francia.... |
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King of Bavaria | 899 | 911 | Carolingian | Son of Arnulf of Carinthia Arnulf of Carinthia Arnulf of Carinthia was the Carolingian King of East Francia from 887, the disputed King of Italy from 894 and the disputed Holy Roman Emperor from February 22, 896 until his death.-Birth and Illegitimacy:... . |
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| Engeldeo Engeldeo Engeldeo or Engildeo was the Margrave of Bavaria from 890 to 895.The first reference to Engeldeo dates to 3 December 878, when he was already a comes , for on that date King Carloman granted land in the pagus of "Tonageuue" in Engeldeo's county to a priest named Iob... |
Margrave of Bavaria | 890 | 895 | Deprived of his title marchio Baioariorum and replaced by Luitpold. | |||
| Luitpold Luitpold, Margrave of Bavaria Luitpold , perhaps of the Huosi family or related to the Carolingian dynasty by Liutswind, mother of Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia, was the ancestor of the Luitpolding dynasty which ruled Bavaria and Carinthia until the mid-tenth century.In 893, he was appointed margrave in the March of Carinthia... |
Margrave of Bavaria | 895 | 907 | Luitpolding Luitpolding The Luitpoldings were a medieval dynasty which ruled the German stem duchy of Bavaria from some time in the late ninth century off and on until 985. The progenitor of the family was Margrave Luitpold of Bavaria , possibly a descendant of the Early medieval Huosi noble family and maybe related to... |
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| Arnulf the Bad Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria Arnulf , called the Bad or the Evil , was the duke of Bavaria from 907 until his death. He was a member of the Luitpolding dynasty.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 907 | 937 | Luitpolding Luitpolding The Luitpoldings were a medieval dynasty which ruled the German stem duchy of Bavaria from some time in the late ninth century off and on until 985. The progenitor of the family was Margrave Luitpold of Bavaria , possibly a descendant of the Early medieval Huosi noble family and maybe related to... |
Son of Luitpold Luitpold, Margrave of Bavaria Luitpold , perhaps of the Huosi family or related to the Carolingian dynasty by Liutswind, mother of Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia, was the ancestor of the Luitpolding dynasty which ruled Bavaria and Carinthia until the mid-tenth century.In 893, he was appointed margrave in the March of Carinthia... . Arnulf the Bad claimed the title of Duke — implying full autonomy — in 911, and was recognized as such by the German King Henry the Fowler, in 920. |
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| Eberhard Eberhard, Duke of Bavaria Eberhard was the eldest son and successor of Arnulf the Bad, duke of Bavaria . His dukeship was short, however, for he was banished by King Otto the Great in 938.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 937 | 938 | Luitpolding Luitpolding The Luitpoldings were a medieval dynasty which ruled the German stem duchy of Bavaria from some time in the late ninth century off and on until 985. The progenitor of the family was Margrave Luitpold of Bavaria , possibly a descendant of the Early medieval Huosi noble family and maybe related to... |
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| Berthold Berthold, Duke of Bavaria Berthold , of the Luitpolding dynasty, was the younger son of Margrave Luitpold of Bavaria and Cunigunda, sister of Duke Erchanger of Swabia. He followed his nephew Eberhard as Duke of Bavaria in 938.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 938 | 947 | Luitpolding Luitpolding The Luitpoldings were a medieval dynasty which ruled the German stem duchy of Bavaria from some time in the late ninth century off and on until 985. The progenitor of the family was Margrave Luitpold of Bavaria , possibly a descendant of the Early medieval Huosi noble family and maybe related to... |
Younger son of Luitpold Luitpold, Margrave of Bavaria Luitpold , perhaps of the Huosi family or related to the Carolingian dynasty by Liutswind, mother of Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia, was the ancestor of the Luitpolding dynasty which ruled Bavaria and Carinthia until the mid-tenth century.In 893, he was appointed margrave in the March of Carinthia... . The German King Otto I Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor Otto I the Great , son of Henry I the Fowler and Matilda of Ringelheim, was Duke of Saxony, King of Germany, King of Italy, and "the first of the Germans to be called the emperor of Italy" according to Arnulf of Milan... reasserted central authority, banishing Arnulf's son Eberhard and re-granting the title to Berthold, a younger son of Luitpold. |
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| Henry I, Duke of Bavaria Henry I, Duke of Bavaria Henry I was Duke of Bavaria.He was the second son of the German King Henry the Fowler and his wife Matilda. He attempted a revolt against his older brother Otto I in 938 in alliance with Eberhard of Franconia and Giselbert of Lorraine, believing he had a claim on the throne. In 939 he was defeated... |
Duke of Bavaria | 947 | 955 | Ottonian | Son of Henry the Fowler. On Berthold's death, Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor Otto I the Great , son of Henry I the Fowler and Matilda of Ringelheim, was Duke of Saxony, King of Germany, King of Italy, and "the first of the Germans to be called the emperor of Italy" according to Arnulf of Milan... , gave the duchy to his own brother Henry (I), who was also Arnulf the Bad's son-in-law. |
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| Henry II the Quarrelsome Henry II, Duke of Bavaria Henry II , called the Wrangler or the Quarrelsome, in German Heinrich der Zänker, was the son of Henry I and Judith of Bavaria.- Biography :... |
Duke of Bavaria | 955 | 976 | Ottonian | Henry II made war upon his cousin, Emperor Otto II Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor Otto II , called the Red, was the third ruler of the Saxon or Ottonian dynasty, the son of Otto the Great and Adelaide of Italy.-Early years and co-ruler with Otto I:... , and was deprived of his duchy in 976 in favor of his cousin Otto, Duke of Swabia (who now acquired two dukedoms). |
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Duke of Bavaria | 976 | 982 | Ottonian | ||
| Henry III the Younger Henry III, Duke of Bavaria Henry III , called the Younger, only surviving son of Duke Berthold of Bavaria, was the first Duke of Carinthia from 976 to 978, Duke of Bavaria from 983 to 985 and again Duke of Carinthia from 985 to 989.-Life:... |
Duke of Bavaria | 983 | 985 | Luitpolding Luitpolding The Luitpoldings were a medieval dynasty which ruled the German stem duchy of Bavaria from some time in the late ninth century off and on until 985. The progenitor of the family was Margrave Luitpold of Bavaria , possibly a descendant of the Early medieval Huosi noble family and maybe related to... |
Bavaria was given to Berthold Berthold, Duke of Bavaria Berthold , of the Luitpolding dynasty, was the younger son of Margrave Luitpold of Bavaria and Cunigunda, sister of Duke Erchanger of Swabia. He followed his nephew Eberhard as Duke of Bavaria in 938.... 's son Henry III, briefly restoring the Luitpolding dynasty. Henry III exchanged Bavaria for Carinthia, and Henry II received Bavaria again. |
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| Henry II the Quarrelsome Henry II, Duke of Bavaria Henry II , called the Wrangler or the Quarrelsome, in German Heinrich der Zänker, was the son of Henry I and Judith of Bavaria.- Biography :... |
Duke of Bavaria | 985 | 995 | Ottonian | Restored | ||
| Henry IV Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor Henry II , also referred to as Saint Henry, Obl.S.B., was the fifth and last Holy Roman Emperor of the Ottonian dynasty, from his coronation in Rome in 1014 until his death a decade later. He was crowned King of the Germans in 1002 and King of Italy in 1004... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 995 | 1004 | Ottonian | Son of Henry II the Quarrelsome Henry II, Duke of Bavaria Henry II , called the Wrangler or the Quarrelsome, in German Heinrich der Zänker, was the son of Henry I and Judith of Bavaria.- Biography :... . Henry IV was elected as Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor The Holy Roman Emperor is a term used by historians to denote a medieval ruler who, as German King, had also received the title of "Emperor of the Romans" from the Pope... Henry II, who gave Bavaria to his brother-in-law Henry V Henry V, Duke of Bavaria Henry , of the House of Luxembourg, was the count of Luxembourg from 998 and the duke of Bavaria from 1004... , Count of Luxemburg in 1004. |
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| Henry V Henry V, Duke of Bavaria Henry , of the House of Luxembourg, was the count of Luxembourg from 998 and the duke of Bavaria from 1004... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1004 | 1009 | Luxemburg House of Luxembourg The House of Luxembourg was a late medieval German dynasty, which between 1308 and 1437 ruled the Holy Roman Empire, twice interrupted by the rivaling House of Wittelsbach.-History:... |
Son of Siegfried of Luxembourg Siegfried of Luxembourg Siegfried is considered the first count of Luxembourg. He was actually count in the Moselgau and the Ardennes. He was also the advocate of the abbeys of Saint-Maximin de Trêves and Saint-Willibrod d'Echternach. He is speculated to be the son of Wigeric of Lotharingia, Count Palatine and Cunigunda... . |
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| Henry IV Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor Henry II , also referred to as Saint Henry, Obl.S.B., was the fifth and last Holy Roman Emperor of the Ottonian dynasty, from his coronation in Rome in 1014 until his death a decade later. He was crowned King of the Germans in 1002 and King of Italy in 1004... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1009 | 1017 | Ottonian | Henry IV Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor Henry II , also referred to as Saint Henry, Obl.S.B., was the fifth and last Holy Roman Emperor of the Ottonian dynasty, from his coronation in Rome in 1014 until his death a decade later. He was crowned King of the Germans in 1002 and King of Italy in 1004... reasserted direct control. |
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| Henry V Henry V, Duke of Bavaria Henry , of the House of Luxembourg, was the count of Luxembourg from 998 and the duke of Bavaria from 1004... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1017 | 1026 | Luxemburg House of Luxembourg The House of Luxembourg was a late medieval German dynasty, which between 1308 and 1437 ruled the Holy Roman Empire, twice interrupted by the rivaling House of Wittelsbach.-History:... |
Son of Siegfried of Luxembourg Siegfried of Luxembourg Siegfried is considered the first count of Luxembourg. He was actually count in the Moselgau and the Ardennes. He was also the advocate of the abbeys of Saint-Maximin de Trêves and Saint-Willibrod d'Echternach. He is speculated to be the son of Wigeric of Lotharingia, Count Palatine and Cunigunda... . Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II was Holy Roman Emperor from 1027 until his death.The son of a mid-level nobleman in Franconia, Count Henry of Speyer and Adelaide of Alsace, he inherited the titles of count of Speyer and of Worms as an infant when Henry died at age twenty... , King of Germany, gave Bavaria to his son Henry VI after the death of Henry V in 1026. |
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| Henry VI the Black Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III , called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1026 | 1042 | Salian Salian dynasty The Salian dynasty was a dynasty in the High Middle Ages of four German Kings , also known as the Frankish dynasty after the family's origin and role as dukes of Franconia... |
Son of Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II was Holy Roman Emperor from 1027 until his death.The son of a mid-level nobleman in Franconia, Count Henry of Speyer and Adelaide of Alsace, he inherited the titles of count of Speyer and of Worms as an infant when Henry died at age twenty... . Later Henry was elected as Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor The Holy Roman Emperor is a term used by historians to denote a medieval ruler who, as German King, had also received the title of "Emperor of the Romans" from the Pope... Henry III, and became King of Germany in 1039. |
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| Henry VII Henry VII, Duke of Bavaria Henry VII was the count of Luxembourg from 1026 and duke of Bavaria from 1042 until his death. He was the son of Frederick, count of Moselgau, and possibly Ermentrude of Gleiberg.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1042 | 1047 | Luxemburg House of Luxembourg The House of Luxembourg was a late medieval German dynasty, which between 1308 and 1437 ruled the Holy Roman Empire, twice interrupted by the rivaling House of Wittelsbach.-History:... |
Son of Frederick, Duke of Lower Lorraine Frederick, Duke of Lower Lorraine Frederick of Luxembourg was the count of Malmedy from 1035 and duke of Lower Lorraine from 1046. He was a younger son of Frederick, lord of Gleiberg, and Ermentrude, and grandson of Siegfried, Count of Luxembourg, hence his name.... . In 1042, Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III , called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors... , granted the duchy to Henry VII, Count of Luxemburg, nephew of Henry V. |
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| Conrad I Conrad I, Duke of Bavaria Conrad I , also known as Cuno or Kuno, was the duke of Bavaria from 1049 to 1053. He was of the Ezzonen family, his parents being Liudolf, Count of Zütphen and eldest son of Ezzo, Count Palatine of Lorraine, and Matilda... (Kuno) |
Duke of Bavaria | 1049 | 1053 | Ezzonen | Son of Liudolf of Lotharingia Liudolf of Lotharingia Liudolf of Lotharingia, also Ludolf , was Count of Zutphen and Waldenburg.He was born in Saxony about 1000, the eldest son of Ezzo, Count Palatine of Lotharingia, and his wife Matilde of Germany, daughter of the Emperor Otto I... . After Henry VII's death, the dukedom was vacant for a couple of years. Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III , called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors... , then gave the duchy to Kuno, Count of Zütphen, in 1049. Kuno was deposed in 1053. |
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| Henry VIII Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1053 | 1054 | Salian Salian dynasty The Salian dynasty was a dynasty in the High Middle Ages of four German Kings , also known as the Frankish dynasty after the family's origin and role as dukes of Franconia... |
Son of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III , called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors... . During his reign in Bavaria Henry VIII was a minor (born 1050). In 1056 he became King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor The Holy Roman Emperor is a term used by historians to denote a medieval ruler who, as German King, had also received the title of "Emperor of the Romans" from the Pope... as Henry IV in 1084. |
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| Conrad II Conrad II, Duke of Bavaria Conrad II , called the Child, was the duke of Bavaria from 1054 to 1055. He was the second son of the Emperor Henry III and his second wife, Agnes of Poitou. He was briefly appointed duke of Bavaria, which had been held by his elder brother Henry... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1054 | 1055 | Salian Salian dynasty The Salian dynasty was a dynasty in the High Middle Ages of four German Kings , also known as the Frankish dynasty after the family's origin and role as dukes of Franconia... |
(minor, born 1052, died 1055) Son of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century... |
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| Henry VIII Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1055 | 1061 | Salian Salian dynasty The Salian dynasty was a dynasty in the High Middle Ages of four German Kings , also known as the Frankish dynasty after the family's origin and role as dukes of Franconia... |
(minor: born 1050) Son of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III , called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors... . Henry VIII became King of Germany (1056) and Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century... in 1084. |
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| Otto II Otto of Nordheim Otto of Northeim was Duke of Bavaria from 1061 until 1070. He was one of the leaders of the Saxon revolt against Emperor Henry IV.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1061 | 1070 | Northeim | In 1061 Empress Agnes Agnes de Poitou Agnes of Poitou, Agnes of Aquitaine or Empress Agnes was Holy Roman Empress and regent of the Holy Roman Empire from 1056 to 1062.-Family:... — the 11-year-old King Henry IV Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century... 's mother and regent — entrusted the duchy to Otto of Nordheim. |
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| Welf I Welf I, Duke of Bavaria Welf I was duke of Bavaria from 1070 to 1077 and from 1096 to his death. He was the first member of the Welf branch of the House of Este. In the Welf genealogy he is counted as Welf IV.-Life and reign:... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1070 | 1077 | Welf Elder House of Welf The Elder House of Welf was a dynasty of European rulers in the 9th through 11th centuries to 1055. It consisted of two groups, a Burgundian group and a Swabian group. It is disputed whether the two groups formed one dynasty or whether they shared the same name by coincidence only.-Burgundian... |
Welf I subsequently quarreled with Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century... and was deprived of his duchy for nineteen years, during which it was directly administered by the German crown. |
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| Henry VIII Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1077 | 1096 | Salian Salian dynasty The Salian dynasty was a dynasty in the High Middle Ages of four German Kings , also known as the Frankish dynasty after the family's origin and role as dukes of Franconia... |
(minor: born 1050) Son of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III , called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors... . Henry VIII became King of Germany (1056) and Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century... in 1084. |
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| Welf I Welf I, Duke of Bavaria Welf I was duke of Bavaria from 1070 to 1077 and from 1096 to his death. He was the first member of the Welf branch of the House of Este. In the Welf genealogy he is counted as Welf IV.-Life and reign:... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1096 | 1101 | Welf Elder House of Welf The Elder House of Welf was a dynasty of European rulers in the 9th through 11th centuries to 1055. It consisted of two groups, a Burgundian group and a Swabian group. It is disputed whether the two groups formed one dynasty or whether they shared the same name by coincidence only.-Burgundian... |
Welf I recovered the duchy in 1096. | ||
| Welf II Welf II, Duke of Bavaria Welf II , or Welfhard, called Welf the Fat, was duke of Bavaria from 1101 until his death. In the Welf genealogy, he is counted as Welf V.-Life and reign:... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1101 | 1120 | Welf Elder House of Welf The Elder House of Welf was a dynasty of European rulers in the 9th through 11th centuries to 1055. It consisted of two groups, a Burgundian group and a Swabian group. It is disputed whether the two groups formed one dynasty or whether they shared the same name by coincidence only.-Burgundian... |
Son of Welf I Welf I, Duke of Bavaria Welf I was duke of Bavaria from 1070 to 1077 and from 1096 to his death. He was the first member of the Welf branch of the House of Este. In the Welf genealogy he is counted as Welf IV.-Life and reign:... |
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| Henry IX the Black Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria Henry IX , called the Black, a member of the House of Welf, was duke of Bavaria from 1120 to 1126.-Life and reign:... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1120 | 1126 | Welf Elder House of Welf The Elder House of Welf was a dynasty of European rulers in the 9th through 11th centuries to 1055. It consisted of two groups, a Burgundian group and a Swabian group. It is disputed whether the two groups formed one dynasty or whether they shared the same name by coincidence only.-Burgundian... |
Son of Welf I Welf I, Duke of Bavaria Welf I was duke of Bavaria from 1070 to 1077 and from 1096 to his death. He was the first member of the Welf branch of the House of Este. In the Welf genealogy he is counted as Welf IV.-Life and reign:... . Abdicated. |
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| Henry X the Proud Henry X, Duke of Bavaria thumb|right|Henry X in a much later engraving.Henry the Proud was the Duke of Bavaria , Duke of Saxony , and Margrave of Tuscany .-Life and reign:... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1126 | 1138 | Welf Elder House of Welf The Elder House of Welf was a dynasty of European rulers in the 9th through 11th centuries to 1055. It consisted of two groups, a Burgundian group and a Swabian group. It is disputed whether the two groups formed one dynasty or whether they shared the same name by coincidence only.-Burgundian... |
Son of Henry IX the Black Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria Henry IX , called the Black, a member of the House of Welf, was duke of Bavaria from 1120 to 1126.-Life and reign:... . In a power struggle with King Conrad III of Germany Conrad III of Germany Conrad III was the first King of Germany of the Hohenstaufen dynasty. He was the son of Frederick I, Duke of Swabia, and Agnes, a daughter of the Salian Emperor Henry IV.-Life and reign:... , Henry X lost his duchy to the King, who granted it to his follower Leopold Margrave of Austria. |
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| Leopold I Leopold IV, Duke of Bavaria Leopold IV, the Generous was Margrave of Austria from 1137 and Duke of Bavaria from 1139 until his death.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1139 | 1141 | Babenberg | When Leopold died, Conrad III of Germany Conrad III of Germany Conrad III was the first King of Germany of the Hohenstaufen dynasty. He was the son of Frederick I, Duke of Swabia, and Agnes, a daughter of the Salian Emperor Henry IV.-Life and reign:... resumed the duchy and granted it to Leopold's brother Henry XI. |
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| Henry XI Jasomirgott Henry II, Duke of Austria Henry II , Count Palatine of the Rhine, 1140–1141, Margrave of Austria from 1141 to 1156 and, as Henry XI, also Duke of Bavaria from 1141 to 1156, Duke of Austria, 1156–1177, was a prince of the Babenberg dynasty.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1143 | 1156 | Babenberg | Brother of Leopold. | ||
| Henry XII the Lion Henry the Lion Henry the Lion was a member of the Welf dynasty and Duke of Saxony, as Henry III, from 1142, and Duke of Bavaria, as Henry XII, from 1156, which duchies he held until 1180.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1156 | 1180 | Welf | When Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa was a German Holy Roman Emperor. He was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned in Aachen on 9 March, crowned King of Italy in Pavia in 1155, and finally crowned Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV, on 18 June 1155, and two years later in 1157 the term... , became king of Germany, he restored Bavaria to the Welf line in the person of Henry X's son, Henry XII the Lion, Duke of Saxony. |
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| Otto I | Duke of Bavaria | 1180 | 1183 | Wittelsbach | In 1180 Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa was a German Holy Roman Emperor. He was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned in Aachen on 9 March, crowned King of Italy in Pavia in 1155, and finally crowned Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV, on 18 June 1155, and two years later in 1157 the term... gave Bavaria to Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria Otto I , called the Redhead , was Duke of Bavaria from 1180 until his death. He was the first Bavarian ruler from the House of Wittelsbach, a dynasty which reigned until the abdication of King Ludwig III of Bavaria in the German Revolution of 1918.-Biography:Duke Otto I was probably born at... of the House of Wittelsbach. |
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| Louis I Louis I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Louis I of Bavaria was the Duke of Bavaria in 1183 and Count Palatine of the Rhine in 1214. He was a son of Otto I and his wife Agnes of Loon. Louis was married to Ludmilla, a daughter of Duke Frederick of Bohemia.-Biography:Louis extended the duchy of Bavaria and founded many cities... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1183 | 1231 | Wittelsbach | Son of Otto I. Louis obtained the Palatinate of the Rhine in 1214. So Louis I served also as Count Palatine of the Rhine. He was assassinated 1231. |
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| Otto II Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria Otto II of Bavaria was the Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine . He was a son of Louis I and Ludmilla of Bohemia and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.- Biography :... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1231 | 1253 | Wittelsbach | Otto II served also as Count Palatine of the Rhine. On Otto II's death, Bavaria was divided between his sons. Henry became duke of Lower Bavaria, and Louis of Upper Bavaria. From this point until the beginning of the 16th century, the territories were frequently divided between brothers. | ||
| Henry XIII Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria Henry XIII of Bavaria, member of the Wittelsbach dynasty was Duke of Lower Bavaria. As Duke of Lower Bavaria he is also called Henry I.- Family :... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1253 | 1290 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Otto II Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria Otto II of Bavaria was the Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine . He was a son of Louis I and Ludmilla of Bohemia and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.- Biography :... (co-ruler) |
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| Louis II Louis II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Louis II of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1253. Born in Heidelberg, he was a son of duke Otto II and Agnes of the Palatinate... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1253 | 1294 | Wittelsbach | Upper Bavaria | Son of Otto II Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria Otto II of Bavaria was the Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine . He was a son of Louis I and Ludmilla of Bohemia and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.- Biography :... (co-ruler) |
| Louis III Louis III, Duke of Bavaria Louis III. was duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 until 1296 as co-regent with his brothers Otto III and Stephen I.-Biography:Louis was born in Landshut, the son of Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria and Elizabeth of Hungary.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1290 | 1296 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Henry XIII Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria Henry XIII of Bavaria, member of the Wittelsbach dynasty was Duke of Lower Bavaria. As Duke of Lower Bavaria he is also called Henry I.- Family :... (co-ruler) |
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| Stephen I Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria Stephen I. was duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 until 1310 as co-regent of his older brothers Otto III and Louis III .-Biography:... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1290 | 1309 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Henry XIII Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria Henry XIII of Bavaria, member of the Wittelsbach dynasty was Duke of Lower Bavaria. As Duke of Lower Bavaria he is also called Henry I.- Family :... (co-ruler) |
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| Otto III Otto III, Duke of Bavaria Otto III of Bavaria , member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 to 1312 and disputably King of Hungary and Croatia between 1305 and 1307 as Béla V.-Family:... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1290 | 1312 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Henry XIII Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria Henry XIII of Bavaria, member of the Wittelsbach dynasty was Duke of Lower Bavaria. As Duke of Lower Bavaria he is also called Henry I.- Family :... (co-ruler). King of Hungary 1306–08 |
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| Rudolf I Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria Rudolf I of Bavaria , a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1294 | 1317 | Wittelsbach | Upper Bavaria | Son of Louis II Louis II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Louis II of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1253. Born in Heidelberg, he was a son of duke Otto II and Agnes of the Palatinate... (co-ruler) |
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| Louis IV Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1294 | 1347 | Wittelsbach | Upper Bavaria Bavaria (1340–1347) |
Son of Louis II Louis II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Louis II of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1253. Born in Heidelberg, he was a son of duke Otto II and Agnes of the Palatinate... . Co-ruled with his brother Rudolf I Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria Rudolf I of Bavaria , a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine... until 1317 — then alone. Louis IV Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.... was elected King of Germany in 1314. In the Treaty of Pavia (1329) Treaty of Pavia (1329) The Treaty of Pavia which divided the House of Wittelsbach two branches, was signed in Pavia in 1329. Under the accord, Emperor Louis IV granted during his stay in Italy the Palatinate including the Bavarian Upper Palatinate to his brother Duke Rudolph's descendants, Rudolph II, Rupert I and... Louis IV released the Palatinate of the Rhine including the Bavarian Upper Palatinate Upper Palatinate The Upper Palatinate is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of Bavaria.- History :The region took its name first in the early 16th century, because it was by the Treaty of Pavia one of the main portions of the territory of the Wittelsbach Elector... to the sons of Rudolf I. After John I the Child John I, Duke of Bavaria John I of Bavaria , , he was the Duke of Lower Bavaria since 1339.John I was the son of Henry XIV, Duke of Lower Bavaria, and Margaret of Bohemia... 's death in 1340, Louis IV unified the Bavarian duchy. |
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| Otto IV Otto IV, Duke of Lower Bavaria Otto IV was a Duke of Lower Bavaria.-Family:He was a son of Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria and Jutta of Schweidnitz.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1309 | 1334 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Stephen I Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria Stephen I. was duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 until 1310 as co-regent of his older brothers Otto III and Louis III .-Biography:... (co-ruler) |
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| Henry XIV the Elder Henry XIV, Duke of Bavaria Henry XIV, duke of Bavaria, as duke of Lower Bavaria also called Henry II., .- Family :He was a son of Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria and Jutta of Schweidnitz.... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1309 | 1339 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Stephen I Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria Stephen I. was duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 until 1310 as co-regent of his older brothers Otto III and Louis III .-Biography:... (co-ruler) |
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| Henry XV the Natterberger Henry XV, Duke of Bavaria Henry XV, duke of Bavaria, as duke of Lower Bavaria also called Henry III, .- Biography :... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1312 | 1333 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Otto III Otto III, Duke of Bavaria Otto III of Bavaria , member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 to 1312 and disputably King of Hungary and Croatia between 1305 and 1307 as Béla V.-Family:... (co-ruler) |
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| John I the Child John I, Duke of Bavaria John I of Bavaria , , he was the Duke of Lower Bavaria since 1339.John I was the son of Henry XIV, Duke of Lower Bavaria, and Margaret of Bohemia... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1339 | 1340 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Henry XIV the Elder Henry XIV, Duke of Bavaria Henry XIV, duke of Bavaria, as duke of Lower Bavaria also called Henry II., .- Family :He was a son of Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria and Jutta of Schweidnitz.... (co-ruler). After John I's death in 1340, Louis IV Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.... unified the Bavarian duchy (1340–1349). |
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| Louis V the Brandenburger Louis V, Duke of Bavaria Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, called the Brandenburger was Duke of Bavaria and as Louis I also Margrave of Brandenburg and Count of Tyrol. Louis V was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1361 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.... .
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| Stephan II Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1375 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.... . Louis V, Duke of Bavaria Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, called the Brandenburger was Duke of Bavaria and as Louis I also Margrave of Brandenburg and Count of Tyrol. Louis V was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica... , Louis VI the Roman Louis VI the Roman Louis the Roman was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his second wife, Margaret II, Countess of Hainault, and a member of the House of Wittelsbach. Louis was Duke of Bavaria as Louis VI and Margrave of Brandenburg as Louis II... , William I William I, Duke of Bavaria William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing , was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut... , Albert I Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... , Otto V Otto V, Duke of Bavaria Otto V, Duke of Bavaria , was a duke of Bavaria and Elector of Brandenburg as Otto VII. Otto was the fourth son of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV by his second wife Margaret II of Avesnes, countess of Hainaut and Holland.-Biography:... Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... and William I William I, Duke of Bavaria William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing , was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut... |
| Louis VI the Roman Louis VI the Roman Louis the Roman was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his second wife, Margaret II, Countess of Hainault, and a member of the House of Wittelsbach. Louis was Duke of Bavaria as Louis VI and Margrave of Brandenburg as Louis II... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1351 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.... . Louis V, Duke of Bavaria Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, called the Brandenburger was Duke of Bavaria and as Louis I also Margrave of Brandenburg and Count of Tyrol. Louis V was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica... , Stephan II Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace... , William I William I, Duke of Bavaria William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing , was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut... , Albert I Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... , Otto V Otto V, Duke of Bavaria Otto V, Duke of Bavaria , was a duke of Bavaria and Elector of Brandenburg as Otto VII. Otto was the fourth son of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV by his second wife Margaret II of Avesnes, countess of Hainaut and Holland.-Biography:... Louis V, Duke of Bavaria Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, called the Brandenburger was Duke of Bavaria and as Louis I also Margrave of Brandenburg and Count of Tyrol. Louis V was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica... and Otto V Otto V, Duke of Bavaria Otto V, Duke of Bavaria , was a duke of Bavaria and Elector of Brandenburg as Otto VII. Otto was the fourth son of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV by his second wife Margaret II of Avesnes, countess of Hainaut and Holland.-Biography:... |
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| William I William I, Duke of Bavaria William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing , was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1388 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.... . Louis V, Duke of Bavaria Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, called the Brandenburger was Duke of Bavaria and as Louis I also Margrave of Brandenburg and Count of Tyrol. Louis V was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica... , Stephan II Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace... , Louis VI the Roman Louis VI the Roman Louis the Roman was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his second wife, Margaret II, Countess of Hainault, and a member of the House of Wittelsbach. Louis was Duke of Bavaria as Louis VI and Margrave of Brandenburg as Louis II... , Albert I Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... , Otto V Otto V, Duke of Bavaria Otto V, Duke of Bavaria , was a duke of Bavaria and Elector of Brandenburg as Otto VII. Otto was the fourth son of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV by his second wife Margaret II of Avesnes, countess of Hainaut and Holland.-Biography:... Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... and Stephan II Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace... Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... and Albert II Albert II, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing Duke Albert II or Albrecht was a feudal co-regent of his father Albert I, Duke of Bavaria in the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries. Additionally he administrated from 1389 until his death in 1397 the Bavarian province of Straubing in the name of his father, it being... |
| Albert I Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1404 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.... . Louis V, Duke of Bavaria Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, called the Brandenburger was Duke of Bavaria and as Louis I also Margrave of Brandenburg and Count of Tyrol. Louis V was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica... , Stephan II Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace... , Louis VI the Roman Louis VI the Roman Louis the Roman was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his second wife, Margaret II, Countess of Hainault, and a member of the House of Wittelsbach. Louis was Duke of Bavaria as Louis VI and Margrave of Brandenburg as Louis II... , William I William I, Duke of Bavaria William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing , was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut... , Otto V Otto V, Duke of Bavaria Otto V, Duke of Bavaria , was a duke of Bavaria and Elector of Brandenburg as Otto VII. Otto was the fourth son of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV by his second wife Margaret II of Avesnes, countess of Hainaut and Holland.-Biography:... Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace... and William I William I, Duke of Bavaria William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing , was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut... William I, Duke of Bavaria William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing , was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut... and Albert II Albert II, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing Duke Albert II or Albrecht was a feudal co-regent of his father Albert I, Duke of Bavaria in the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries. Additionally he administrated from 1389 until his death in 1397 the Bavarian province of Straubing in the name of his father, it being... (Since 1397 alone) |
| Otto V Otto V, Duke of Bavaria Otto V, Duke of Bavaria , was a duke of Bavaria and Elector of Brandenburg as Otto VII. Otto was the fourth son of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV by his second wife Margaret II of Avesnes, countess of Hainaut and Holland.-Biography:... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1351 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.... . Louis V, Duke of Bavaria Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, called the Brandenburger was Duke of Bavaria and as Louis I also Margrave of Brandenburg and Count of Tyrol. Louis V was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica... , Stephan II Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace... , Louis VI the Roman Louis VI the Roman Louis the Roman was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his second wife, Margaret II, Countess of Hainault, and a member of the House of Wittelsbach. Louis was Duke of Bavaria as Louis VI and Margrave of Brandenburg as Louis II... , William I William I, Duke of Bavaria William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing , was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut... , Albert I Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... Louis VI the Roman Louis the Roman was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his second wife, Margaret II, Countess of Hainault, and a member of the House of Wittelsbach. Louis was Duke of Bavaria as Louis VI and Margrave of Brandenburg as Louis II... and Louis V the Brandenburger Louis V, Duke of Bavaria Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, called the Brandenburger was Duke of Bavaria and as Louis I also Margrave of Brandenburg and Count of Tyrol. Louis V was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica... John II, Duke of Bavaria Duke John II of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1375 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was the third son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... , Frederick and Stephen III Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen III of Bavaria was a Duke of Bavaria since 1375. He was the eldest son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... |
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| Meinhard Meinhard III of Gorizia-Tyrol Meinhard III was Duke of Upper Bavaria and the last Count of Tyrol from the House of Wittelsbach.Meinhard was the son of Duke Louis V of Bavaria with Countess Margaret of Gorizia-Tyrol and as such also the last descendant of Meinhard I, Count of Gorizia .-Biography:Meinhard III was born in Landshut... |
1361 | 1363 | Wittelsbach | Upper Bavaria | Son of Louis V the Brandenburger Louis V, Duke of Bavaria Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, called the Brandenburger was Duke of Bavaria and as Louis I also Margrave of Brandenburg and Count of Tyrol. Louis V was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica... . Margrave of Tyrol. After his death in 1363, Upper Bavaria was partitioned between Bavaria-Straubing and Bavaria-Landshut. |
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| John II John II, Duke of Bavaria Duke John II of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1375 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was the third son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1375 | 1397 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut Bavaria-Munich | Son of Stephan II Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace... Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen III of Bavaria was a Duke of Bavaria since 1375. He was the eldest son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... |
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| Frederick | Duke of Bavaria-Landshut | 1375 | 1393 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut | Son of Stephan II Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace... John II, Duke of Bavaria Duke John II of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1375 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was the third son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... , Stephen III Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen III of Bavaria was a Duke of Bavaria since 1375. He was the eldest son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... |
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| Stephen III Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen III of Bavaria was a Duke of Bavaria since 1375. He was the eldest son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... |
1375 | 1413 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut Bavaria-Ingolstadt | Son of Stephan II Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace... John II, Duke of Bavaria Duke John II of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1375 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was the third son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... , Frederick |
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| Albert II Albert II, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing Duke Albert II or Albrecht was a feudal co-regent of his father Albert I, Duke of Bavaria in the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries. Additionally he administrated from 1389 until his death in 1397 the Bavarian province of Straubing in the name of his father, it being... |
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Duke of Bavaria-Straubing | 1389 | 1397 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Straubing | Son of Albert I Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... . Co-ruler with Albert I Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... . |
| Henry XVI the Rich Henry XVI of Bavaria Henry XVI of Bavaria , , since 1393 Duke of Bavaria-Landshut. He was a son of duke Frederick and his wife Maddalena Visconti, a daughter of Bernabò Visconti.-Life:... |
Duke of Bavaria-Landshut | 1392 | 1450 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut | Son of Frederick, annexed Bavaria-Ingolstadt in 1447. | |
| William III William III, Duke of Bavaria William III , was Duke of Bavaria-Munich , together and in concord with his older brother Ernest, Duke of Bavaria.... |
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Duke of Bavaria-Munich | 1397 | 1435 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich | Son of John II John II, Duke of Bavaria Duke John II of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1375 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was the third son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... . Co-ruler with Ernest Ernest, Duke of Bavaria Ernest of Bavaria-Munich , , from 1397 Duke of Bavaria-Munich.-Biography:Ernest was a son of John II and ruled the duchy of Bavaria-Munich together with his brother William III.... |
| Ernest Ernest, Duke of Bavaria Ernest of Bavaria-Munich , , from 1397 Duke of Bavaria-Munich.-Biography:Ernest was a son of John II and ruled the duchy of Bavaria-Munich together with his brother William III.... |
Duke of Bavaria-Munich | 1397 | 1438 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich | Son of John II John II, Duke of Bavaria Duke John II of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1375 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was the third son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... . Co-ruler with William III William III, Duke of Bavaria William III , was Duke of Bavaria-Munich , together and in concord with his older brother Ernest, Duke of Bavaria.... (Alone from 1435) |
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| William II William II, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing Duke William II of Bavaria-Straubing KG was also count William VI of Holland, count William IV of Hainaut and count William V of Zeeland. He ruled from 1404 until 1417, when he died of a dog bite. William was a son of Albert I and Margaret of Brieg.-Biography:William, allied with the Hooks, was... |
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Duke of Bavaria-Straubing | 1404 | 1417 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Straubing | Son of Albert I Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... |
| Louis VII the Bearded Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria Duke Louis VII of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt from 1413 until 1443. He was a son of Stephen III and Taddea Visconti.-Biography:... |
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Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt | 1413 | 1443 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Ingolstadt | Son of Stephen III Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria Duke Stephen III of Bavaria was a Duke of Bavaria since 1375. He was the eldest son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:... |
| Jacqueline Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut Jacqueline of Wittelsbach was Duchess of Bavaria-Straubing, Countess of Hainaut and Holland from 1417 to 1432... |
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Duchess of Bavaria-Straubing | 1417 | 1432 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Straubing | Daughter of William II, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing William II, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing Duke William II of Bavaria-Straubing KG was also count William VI of Holland, count William IV of Hainaut and count William V of Zeeland. He ruled from 1404 until 1417, when he died of a dog bite. William was a son of Albert I and Margaret of Brieg.-Biography:William, allied with the Hooks, was... . Until 1425 contested by John III the Pitiless. In 1432 Bavaria-Straubing was partitioned among the other Bavarian duchies. |
| John III the Pitiless |  |
Duke of Bavaria-Straubing | 1418 | 1425 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Straubing | Son of Albert I Albert I, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries... . Contested Jacqueline Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut Jacqueline of Wittelsbach was Duchess of Bavaria-Straubing, Countess of Hainaut and Holland from 1417 to 1432... until his death 1425. |
| Albert III Albert III, Duke of Bavaria Albert III the Pious of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1438 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was born to Ernest, Duke of Bavaria and Elisabetta Visconti, daughter of Bernabò Visconti.-Life:Albert was born in Munich.... |
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Duke of Bavaria-Munich | 1438 | 1460 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich | Son of Ernest Ernest, Duke of Bavaria Ernest of Bavaria-Munich , , from 1397 Duke of Bavaria-Munich.-Biography:Ernest was a son of John II and ruled the duchy of Bavaria-Munich together with his brother William III.... |
| Louis VIII the Younger Louis VIII, Duke of Bavaria Louis VIII of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt from 1443 until his death. He was born in Paris, a son of Louis VII and his first wife Anne de Bourbon-La Marche, a daughter of John I, Count of La Marche... |
Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt | 1443 | 1445 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Ingolstadt | Son Louis VII the Bearded Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria Duke Louis VII of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt from 1413 until 1443. He was a son of Stephen III and Taddea Visconti.-Biography:... . Bavaria-Ingolstadt was annexed by Bavaria-Landshut in 1447. |
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| Louis IX the Rich Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria Louis IX , was Duke of Bavaria-Landshut from 1450. He was a son of Henry XVI the Rich and Margaret of Austria.-Biography:Louis succeeded his father in 1450... |
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Duke of Bavaria-Landshut | 1450 | 1479 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut | Son of Henry XVI the Rich Henry XVI of Bavaria Henry XVI of Bavaria , , since 1393 Duke of Bavaria-Landshut. He was a son of duke Frederick and his wife Maddalena Visconti, a daughter of Bernabò Visconti.-Life:... |
| John IV John IV, Duke of Bavaria John IV. of Bavaria-Munich , was duke of Bavaria-Munich from 1460 until his death.-Biography:... |
Duke of Bavaria | 1460 | 1463 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich | Son of Albert III Albert III, Duke of Bavaria Albert III the Pious of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1438 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was born to Ernest, Duke of Bavaria and Elisabetta Visconti, daughter of Bernabò Visconti.-Life:Albert was born in Munich.... . Co-ruler with Sigismund Sigismund of Bavaria Sigismund of Bavaria was a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty. He ruled as Duke of Bavaria-Munich from 1460 to 1467, and then as Duke of Bavaria-Dachau until his death.-Biography:... and Albert IV the Wise Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert IV of Bavaria-Munich , , from 1467 Duke of Bavaria-Munich, from 1503 Duke of the reunited Bavaria.-Biography:... |
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| Sigismund Sigismund of Bavaria Sigismund of Bavaria was a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty. He ruled as Duke of Bavaria-Munich from 1460 to 1467, and then as Duke of Bavaria-Dachau until his death.-Biography:... |
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1460 | 1501 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich Bavaria-Dachau | Son of Albert III Albert III, Duke of Bavaria Albert III the Pious of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1438 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was born to Ernest, Duke of Bavaria and Elisabetta Visconti, daughter of Bernabò Visconti.-Life:Albert was born in Munich.... John IV, Duke of Bavaria John IV. of Bavaria-Munich , was duke of Bavaria-Munich from 1460 until his death.-Biography:... and Albert IV the Wise Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert IV of Bavaria-Munich , , from 1467 Duke of Bavaria-Munich, from 1503 Duke of the reunited Bavaria.-Biography:... Bavaria-Dachau was reunited with Bavaria-Munich in 1501. |
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| George the Rich |  |
Duke of Bavaria-Landshut | 1479 | 1503 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut | Son of Louis IX the Rich Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria Louis IX , was Duke of Bavaria-Landshut from 1450. He was a son of Henry XVI the Rich and Margaret of Austria.-Biography:Louis succeeded his father in 1450... . Bavaria-Landshut was annexed by Bavaria-Munich. |
Ducal Bavaria (indivisible)
| Name | | Image | Title | Start term | | End term | House | | Part | | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albert IV Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert IV of Bavaria-Munich , , from 1467 Duke of Bavaria-Munich, from 1503 Duke of the reunited Bavaria.-Biography:... Albrecht IV |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1463 | 18 March 1508 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich | Son of Albert III Albert III, Duke of Bavaria Albert III the Pious of Bavaria-Munich , , since 1438 Duke of Bavaria-Munich. He was born to Ernest, Duke of Bavaria and Elisabetta Visconti, daughter of Bernabò Visconti.-Life:Albert was born in Munich.... , he became ruler of the greater part of Bavaria following the Landshut War Landshut War of Succession The Landshut War of Succession resulted from an agreement between the duchies of Bavaria-Munich and Bavaria-Landshut . The agreement concerned the law of succession when one of the two Dukes should die without a male heir... (1503–1505). In 1506 Albert decreed that the duchy should pass according to the rules of primogeniture Primogeniture Primogeniture is the right, by law or custom, of the firstborn to inherit the entire estate, to the exclusion of younger siblings . Historically, the term implied male primogeniture, to the exclusion of females... . Called "the Wise."
Bavaria-Munich was partitioned into a smaller Bavaria-Munich and Bavaria-Dachau in 1467. |
| William IV William IV, Duke of Bavaria William IV of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria from 1508 to 1550, until 1545 together with his younger brother Louis X, Duke of Bavaria.... Wilhelm IV |
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Duke of Bavaria | 18 March 1508 | 6 March 1550 | Wittelsbach | Son of Albert IV the Wise Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert IV of Bavaria-Munich , , from 1467 Duke of Bavaria-Munich, from 1503 Duke of the reunited Bavaria.-Biography:... . Co-ruler with Louis X Louis X, Duke of Bavaria Louis X , was Duke of Bavaria , together with his older brother William IV, Duke of Bavaria... |
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| Louis X Louis X, Duke of Bavaria Louis X , was Duke of Bavaria , together with his older brother William IV, Duke of Bavaria... Ludwig X |
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Duke of Bavaria | 1516 | 22 April 1545 | Wittelsbach | Son of Albert IV the Wise Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria Duke Albert IV of Bavaria-Munich , , from 1467 Duke of Bavaria-Munich, from 1503 Duke of the reunited Bavaria.-Biography:... . Co-ruler with William IV William IV, Duke of Bavaria William IV of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria from 1508 to 1550, until 1545 together with his younger brother Louis X, Duke of Bavaria.... |
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| Albert V Albert V, Duke of Bavaria Albert V was Duke of Bavaria from 1550 until his death. He was born in Munich to William IV and Marie Jacobaea of Baden.-Early life:Albert was educated at Ingolstadt under good Catholic teachers... Albrecht V |
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Duke of Bavaria | 6 March 1550 | 24 October 1579 | Wittelsbach | Son of William IV William IV, Duke of Bavaria William IV of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria from 1508 to 1550, until 1545 together with his younger brother Louis X, Duke of Bavaria.... |
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| William V William V, Duke of Bavaria William V, Duke of Bavaria , called the Pious, was Duke of Bavaria from 1579 to 1597.- Education and early life :... Wilhelm V |
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Duke of Bavaria | 24 October 1579 | 15 October 1597 | Wittelsbach | Son of Albert V Albert V, Duke of Bavaria Albert V was Duke of Bavaria from 1550 until his death. He was born in Munich to William IV and Marie Jacobaea of Baden.-Early life:Albert was educated at Ingolstadt under good Catholic teachers... , abdicated, died 1626. |
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| Maximilian I Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria Maximilian I, Duke/Elector of Bavaria , called "the Great", was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire. His reign was marked by the Thirty Years' War .... |
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Prince-elector Prince-elector The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an... of Bavaria |
23 December 1597 | 25 February 1623 | Wittelsbach | Son of William V William V, Duke of Bavaria William V, Duke of Bavaria , called the Pious, was Duke of Bavaria from 1579 to 1597.- Education and early life :... . Maximilian I, was an ally of Emperor Ferdinand II Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II , a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor , King of Bohemia , and King of Hungary . His rule coincided with the Thirty Years' War.- Life :... in the Thirty Years' War Thirty Years' War The Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history.... . When the Elector Palatine, Frederick V Frederick V, Elector Palatine Frederick V was Elector Palatine , and, as Frederick I , King of Bohemia .... , head of a senior branch of the Wittelsbachs, became involved in the war against the Emperor, he was stripped of his Imperial offices and Electoral Prince-elector The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an... title. Maximilian I was granted the Electorate of the Rhenish Palatinate in 1623. |
Electoral Bavaria
| Name | | Image | Title | Start term | | End term | House | | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximilian I Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria Maximilian I, Duke/Elector of Bavaria , called "the Great", was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire. His reign was marked by the Thirty Years' War .... |
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Prince-elector Prince-elector The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an... of Bavaria |
25 February 1623 | 27 September 1651 | Wittelsbach | In 1648, Frederick of the Palatinate's heir was restored to his Rhenish territory — but not to the Oberpfalz Upper Palatinate The Upper Palatinate is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of Bavaria.- History :The region took its name first in the early 16th century, because it was by the Treaty of Pavia one of the main portions of the territory of the Wittelsbach Elector... ceded to Bavaria — together with a new Electorate; Maximilian retained the Electorate granted him in 1623. |
| Ferdinand Maria Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and an elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 1651 to 1679.-Biography:He was born in Munich... |
Prince-elector Prince-elector The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an... of Bavaria |
27 September 1651 | 26 May 1679 | Wittelsbach | Son of Maximilian I Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria Maximilian I, Duke/Elector of Bavaria , called "the Great", was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire. His reign was marked by the Thirty Years' War .... . 1651-1654 under regency of his uncle Albert VI of Bavaria Albert VI of Bavaria Albert VI of Bavaria, , , son of William V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata of Lorraine, born and died in Munich.-Biography:Albert was 1651-1654 the regent for his young nephew Elector Ferdinand Maria.... . |
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| Maximilian II Emanuel Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria Maximilian II , also known as Max Emanuel or Maximilian Emanuel, was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and an elector of the Holy Roman Empire. He was also the last Governor of the Spanish Netherlands and duke of Luxembourg... |
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Prince-elector Prince-elector The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an... of Bavaria |
26 May 1679 | 26 February 1726 | Wittelsbach | Son of Ferdinand Maria Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and an elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 1651 to 1679.-Biography:He was born in Munich... and Princess Henriette Adelaide of Savoy. Maximilian II took part in the War of the Spanish Succession War of the Spanish Succession The War of the Spanish Succession was fought among several European powers, including a divided Spain, over the possible unification of the Kingdoms of Spain and France under one Bourbon monarch. As France and Spain were among the most powerful states of Europe, such a unification would have... on the side of France, against the Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor The Holy Roman Emperor is a term used by historians to denote a medieval ruler who, as German King, had also received the title of "Emperor of the Romans" from the Pope... Leopold I Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor | style="float:right;" | Leopold I was a Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary and King of Bohemia. A member of the Habsburg family, he was the second son of Emperor Ferdinand III and his first wife, Maria Anna of Spain. His maternal grandparents were Philip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria... . He was accordingly forced to flee Bavaria following the Battle of Blenheim Battle of Blenheim The Battle of Blenheim , fought on 13 August 1704, was a major battle of the War of the Spanish Succession. Louis XIV of France sought to knock Emperor Leopold out of the war by seizing Vienna, the Habsburg capital, and gain a favourable peace settlement... and deprived of his Electorate on 29 April 1706. He regained his Electorate in 1714 by the Peace of Baden and ruled until 1726. |
| Charles Albert Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor Charles VII Albert a member of the Wittelsbach family, was Prince-elector of Bavaria from 1726 and Holy Roman Emperor from 24 January 1742 until his death in 1745... Karl Albrecht |
Prince-elector Prince-elector The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an... of Bavaria |
26 February 1726 | 20 January 1745 | Wittelsbach | Son of Maximilian II Emanuel Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria Maximilian II , also known as Max Emanuel or Maximilian Emanuel, was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and an elector of the Holy Roman Empire. He was also the last Governor of the Spanish Netherlands and duke of Luxembourg... . Charles Albert once again took on the House of Habsburg in the War of the Austrian Succession War of the Austrian Succession The War of the Austrian Succession – including King George's War in North America, the Anglo-Spanish War of Jenkins' Ear, and two of the three Silesian wars – involved most of the powers of Europe over the question of Maria Theresa's succession to the realms of the House of Habsburg.The... , again in combination with France, succeeding so far as to be elected Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor The Holy Roman Emperor is a term used by historians to denote a medieval ruler who, as German King, had also received the title of "Emperor of the Romans" from the Pope... in 1742 (as Charles VII). However, the Austrians occupied Bavaria (1742–1744), and the Emperor died shortly after returning to Munich. |
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| Maximilian III Joseph |  |
Prince-elector Prince-elector The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an... of Bavaria |
20 January 1745 | 30 December 1777 | Wittelsbach | Son of Charles Albert Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor Charles VII Albert a member of the Wittelsbach family, was Prince-elector of Bavaria from 1726 and Holy Roman Emperor from 24 January 1742 until his death in 1745... . Maximilian III, who had no children, was the last of the direct Bavarian Wittelsbach line descended from Louis IV Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.... . He was succeeded by the Elector Palatine, Charles Theodore Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria Charles Theodore, Prince-Elector, Count Palatine and Duke of Bavaria reigned as Prince-Elector and Count palatine from 1742, as Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1742 and also as Prince-Elector and Duke of Bavaria from 1777, until his death... , who thereby regained their old titles for the senior Wittelsbach line — descended from Louis IV's older brother Rudolf I Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria Rudolf I of Bavaria , a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine... . |
| Charles Theodore Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria Charles Theodore, Prince-Elector, Count Palatine and Duke of Bavaria reigned as Prince-Elector and Count palatine from 1742, as Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1742 and also as Prince-Elector and Duke of Bavaria from 1777, until his death... Karl Theodor |
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Elector Palatine | 30 December 1777 | 16 February 1799 | Wittelsbach | Son of John Christian, Count of Palatinate-Sulzbach John Christian, Count of Palatinate-Sulzbach John Christian was the Count Palatine of Sulzbach from 1732 until 1733.... and Marie Anne Henriëtte Leopoldine de La Tour d'Auvergne. Distant cousin of Maximilian III; Elector Palatine from 1743. Charles Theodore was also childless, and was succeeded by a distant cousin, the Count Palatine of Zweibrücken, Maximilian IV Joseph — later King Maximilian I. |
| Maximilian IV Joseph |  |
Elector Palatine | 16 February 1799 | 6 August 1806 | Wittelsbach | Son of Count Palatine Frederick Michael of Zweibrücken Count Palatine Frederick Michael of Zweibrücken Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld was a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty. He was the father of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria... . Distant cousin of Charles Theodore Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria Charles Theodore, Prince-Elector, Count Palatine and Duke of Bavaria reigned as Prince-Elector and Count palatine from 1742, as Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1742 and also as Prince-Elector and Duke of Bavaria from 1777, until his death... ; Count Palatine of Zweibrücken from 1795. In the chaos of the wars of the French Revolution French Revolution The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years... , the old order of the Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes... collapsed. In the course of these events, Bavaria became once again the ally of France, and Maximilian IV Joseph became King Maximilian I of Bavaria — whilst remaining Prince-Elector and Arch-steward of the Holy Roman Empire until 6 August 1806, when the Holy Roman Empire was abolished. |
Royal Bavaria
| Name | | Image | Title | Start term | | End term | House | | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximilian I | |
King of Bavaria King of Bavaria King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary Wittelsbach rulers of Bavaria in the state known as the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1805 until 1918, when the kingdom was abolished... |
26 December 1805 | 13 October 1825 | Wittelsbach | see above |
| Ludwig I Ludwig I of Bavaria Ludwig I was a German king of Bavaria from 1825 until the 1848 revolutions in the German states.-Crown prince:... |
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King of Bavaria King of Bavaria King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary Wittelsbach rulers of Bavaria in the state known as the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1805 until 1918, when the kingdom was abolished... |
13 October 1825 | 20 March 1848 | Wittelsbach | Son of Maximilian IV Joseph. Abdicated in the Revolutions of 1848 Revolutions of 1848 in the German states The Revolutions of 1848 in the German states, also called the March Revolution – part of the Revolutions of 1848 that broke out in many countries of Europe – were a series of loosely coordinated protests and rebellions in the states of the German Confederation, including the Austrian Empire... |
| Maximilian II Maximilian II of Bavaria Maximilian II of Bavaria was king of Bavaria from 1848 until 1864. He was son of Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.-Crown Prince:... |
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King of Bavaria King of Bavaria King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary Wittelsbach rulers of Bavaria in the state known as the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1805 until 1918, when the kingdom was abolished... |
20 March 1848 | 10 March 1864 | Wittelsbach | Son of Ludwig I Ludwig I of Bavaria Ludwig I was a German king of Bavaria from 1825 until the 1848 revolutions in the German states.-Crown prince:... |
| Ludwig II Ludwig II of Bavaria Ludwig II was King of Bavaria from 1864 until shortly before his death. He is sometimes called the Swan King and der Märchenkönig, the Fairy tale King... |
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King of Bavaria King of Bavaria King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary Wittelsbach rulers of Bavaria in the state known as the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1805 until 1918, when the kingdom was abolished... |
10 March 1864 | 13 June 1886 | Wittelsbach | Son of Maximilian II Maximilian II of Bavaria Maximilian II of Bavaria was king of Bavaria from 1848 until 1864. He was son of Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.-Crown Prince:... Ludig II was called the Märchenkönig (Fairy tale king). He acceded to Bavaria becoming a component of the German Empire German Empire The German Empire refers to Germany during the "Second Reich" period from the unification of Germany and proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became a federal republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of the Emperor, Wilhelm II.The German... in 1871, he was declared insane in 1886. |
| Otto I Otto of Bavaria Otto , was King of Bavaria from 1886 to 1913. He was the son of Maximilian II and his wife, Marie of Prussia, and younger brother of Ludwig II... |
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King of Bavaria King of Bavaria King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary Wittelsbach rulers of Bavaria in the state known as the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1805 until 1918, when the kingdom was abolished... |
13 June 1886 | 5 November 1913 | Wittelsbach | Son of Maximilian II Maximilian II of Bavaria Maximilian II of Bavaria was king of Bavaria from 1848 until 1864. He was son of Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.-Crown Prince:... . Otto was mentally ill throughout his reign, and his functions were carried out by the following princes regent Prince Regent A prince regent is a prince who rules a monarchy as regent instead of a monarch, e.g., due to the Sovereign's incapacity or absence .... :
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| Ludwig III Ludwig III of Bavaria Ludwig III , was the last King of Bavaria, reigning from 1913 to 1918.-Early life:... |
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King of Bavaria King of Bavaria King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary Wittelsbach rulers of Bavaria in the state known as the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1805 until 1918, when the kingdom was abolished... |
5 November 1913 | 13 November 1918 | Wittelsbach | Son of Prince Luitpold Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria , was the de facto ruler of Bavaria from 1886 to 1912, due to the incapacity of his nephews, King Ludwig II and King Otto.-Early life:... . Prince regent from 1912 until 1913, Then King of Bavaria, he lost his throne in the German Revolution of 1918–1919 at the end of World War I World War I World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918... . |
For later rulers, see List of Ministers-President of Bavaria.