List of oldest continuously inhabited cities

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List of oldest continuously inhabited cities

This is a list of present-day cities

City

A city is an urban area with a high population density and a particular administrative, legal, or historical status.Large industrialized cities generally have advanced systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, house, and transportation and more....
by the time period over which they have been continuously inhabited.

The age claims listed may be disputed, or indeed obsolete. Differences in opinion can result from different definitions of "city

City

A city is an urban area with a high population density and a particular administrative, legal, or historical status.Large industrialized cities generally have advanced systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, house, and transportation and more....
" as well as "continuously inhabited".

Several cities listed here (Damascus

Damascus

Damascus is the capital and largest city of Syria. It is List of oldest continuously inhabited cities and its current population is estimated at about 4,000,000....
, Byblos

Byblos

Byblos is the Greek language name of the Phoenician city Gebal . It is a Mediterranean city in the Mount Lebanon Governorate of present-day Lebanon under the current Arabic language name of Jbeil and was also referred to as Gibelet during the Crusades....
, Jericho

Jericho

Jericho is a city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank of the Palestinian territories. It is the capital of the Jericho Governorate, and has a population of over 20,000 Arabs....
) each popularly claim to be "the oldest city in the world". Caveats to the validity of each claim are discussed in the "Notes" column.

inuous habitation since the Chalcolithic (or Copper Age

Copper Age

The Chalcolithic period or Copper Age period [also known as the Eneolithic ], is a phase in the development of human culture in which the use of early metal tools appeared alongside the use of stone tools....
) is possible (but difficult to prove archaeologically) for several Levant

Levant

The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...
ine cities (Jericho

Jericho

Byblos

Damascus

Damascus is the capital and largest city of Syria. It is List of oldest continuously inhabited cities and its current population is estimated at about 4,000,000....
, Sidon

Sidon

Sidon,or Sa?da, is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located in the South Governorate, Lebanon of Lebanon, on the Mediterranean Sea coast, about 40 km north of Tyre, Lebanon and 40 km south of the capital Beirut....
and Beirut

Beirut

Beirut is the Capital and largest city of Lebanon with a population of over 2.1 million as of 2007. Located on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's coastline with the Mediterranean sea, it serves as the country's largest and main seaport and also forms the Beirut District area, which consists of the city and its suburbs....
). Cities become more common outside the Fertile Crescent

Fertile Crescent

The Fertile Crescent is a region in the Near East, incorporating the Levant and Mesopotamia, and often extended to Lower Egypt. Mesopotamia is considered the Cradle of civilization and saw the development of the earliest human civilizations and is the History_of_writing#Bronze_Age_writing and Wheel#History....
with the Early Iron Age from about 1100 BC.

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Encyclopedia

This is a list of present-day cities

City

A city is an urban area with a high population density and a particular administrative, legal, or historical status.Large industrialized cities generally have advanced systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, house, and transportation and more....
" as well as "continuously inhabited".

Several cities listed here (Damascus

Damascus

Damascus is the capital and largest city of Syria. It is List of oldest continuously inhabited cities and its current population is estimated at about 4,000,000....
, Byblos

Byblos

Jericho

Old World

Continuous habitation since the Chalcolithic (or Copper Age

Copper Age

Levant

Jericho

Byblos

Damascus

Damascus is the capital and largest city of Syria. It is List of oldest continuously inhabited cities and its current population is estimated at about 4,000,000....
, Sidon

Sidon

Beirut

Fertile Crescent

Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
in 753 BC is conventially taken as (one of the dates) initiating Classical Antiquity

Classical antiquity

Classical antiquity is a broad term for a long period of cultural history centered on the Mediterranean Sea, comprising the interlocking civilizations of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome....
.

Name	Historical region	Location	Continuously inhabited since	Notes
Damascus Damascus Damascus is the capital and largest city of Syria. It is List of oldest continuously inhabited cities and its current population is estimated at about 4,000,000....	Levant Levant The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...	Syria Syria Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north....	Chalcolithic(ca. 8000 to 10,000 BC)	Excavations at Tel Ramad on the outskirts of the city have demonstrated that Damascus was inhabited as early as 8000 to 10,000 BC. However, Damascus is not documented as an important city until the coming of the Aramaeans Aramaeans The Aramaeans were a West Semitic semi-nomadic and pastoralist people who lived in upper Mesopotamia and Aram . Aramaeans never had a unified empire; they were divided into independent kingdoms all across the Near East.... around 1400 BC. See reference for presence of urban life among cattle herders at this date — also due to land fertility and constant water source.
Jericho Jericho Jericho is a city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank of the Palestinian territories. It is the capital of the Jericho Governorate, and has a population of over 20,000 Arabs....	Levant Levant The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...	West Bank West Bank The West Bank is the eastern Part of the Palestinian territories on the west bank of the River Jordan in the Middle East. To the west, north, and south the West Bank shares borders with the state of Israel....	Chalcolithic (3000 BC or earlier)	Traces of habitation from 9000 BC. Fortifications date to 6800 BC (or earlier), making Jericho the earliest known walled city. Evidence indicates that the city was abandoned several times, and later expanded and rebuilt several times.
Byblos Byblos Byblos is the Greek language name of the Phoenician city Gebal . It is a Mediterranean city in the Mount Lebanon Governorate of present-day Lebanon under the current Arabic language name of Jbeil and was also referred to as Gibelet during the Crusades....	Levant Levant The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...	Lebanon Lebanon Lebanon , officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic , is a country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea....	Chalcolithic (ca. 5000 BC)	Settled from the Neolithic (carbon-dating tests have set the age of earliest settlement around 7000), a "town" since the 3rd millennium BC. Byblos had a reputation as the "oldest city in the world" in Antiquity (according to Philo of Byblos Philo of Byblos Philo of Byblos , was an antiquarian writer of grammar, lexicon and history works in Greek language. His name "Herennius" suggests that he was a client of the consul suffectus Herennius Severus, through whom Philo could have achieved the status of a Roman citizen.... ).
Susa Susa Susa was an ancient city of the Elamite, Persian Empire and Parthian empires of Iran, located about 250 km east of the Tigris River.The modern town of Shush, Iran is located at the site of ancient Susa....	Elam Elam Elam was an ancient civilization located in what is now southwest Iran.Elam was centered in the far west and southwest of modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of Khuzestan and Ilam Province , as far as Jiroft in Kerman province and Burned City in Zabol, as well as a small part of southern Iraq....	Khuzestan, Iran Iran Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran and formerly known internationally as Persian Empire until 1935, is a country in Central Eurasia, located on the northeastern shore of the Persian Gulf and the southern shore of the Caspian Sea....	Chalcolithic (ca. 4200 BC)	Evidence of occupation from about 5500 BC
Sidon Sidon Sidon,or Sa?da, is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located in the South Governorate, Lebanon of Lebanon, on the Mediterranean Sea coast, about 40 km north of Tyre, Lebanon and 40 km south of the capital Beirut....	Levant Levant The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...	Lebanon Lebanon Lebanon , officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic , is a country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea....	4000 BC	There is evidence that Sidon was inhabited from as long ago as 4000 BC, and perhaps, as early as Neolithic times (6000 - 4000 BC).
Medinat Al-Fayoum Al Fayyum Faiyum is a city in Middle Egypt and the capital of the Faiyum Governorate. It is located 130 Km southwest of Cairo and occupies part of the ancient site of Crocodilopolis.... (as Crocodilopolis Crocodilopolis Crocodilopolis or Krokodilopolis or Ptolemais Euergetis or Arsinoe was an ancient city in the Heptanomis, Egypt, the capital of Arsinoites nome, on the western bank of the Nile, between the river and the Lake Moeris, southwest of Memphis, Egypt, in lat.... or Arsinoe)	Lower Egypt Lower Egypt Lower Egypt is the northern-most section of Egypt. It refers to the Fertile Crescent Nile Delta region, which stretches from the area between El-Aiyat and Zawyet Dahshur, south of modern-day Cairo, and the Mediterranean Sea....	Faiyum Governorate, Egypt Egypt Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....	ca. 4000 BC
Plovdiv Plovdiv Plovdiv is the second-largest city in Bulgaria after Sofia, with a population of 379,119. It is the administrative centre of Plovdiv Province in southern Bulgaria and three municipalities , as well as the largest and most important city in Northern Thrace and the wider international historical region of Thrace....	Thrace Thrace Thrace is a historical and geographic area in southeast Europe. Today the name Thrace designates a region spread over southern Bulgaria , northeastern Greece , and European Turkey ....	Bulgaria Bulgaria The state of Bulgaria , Scientific transliteration Balgarija, officially the Republic of Bulgaria has played a significant role in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe for over fourteen centuries....	ca. 4000BC
Gaziantep Gaziantep Gaziantep , previously and as still used informally; Antep), is the List of cities in Turkey of Gaziantep Province in Turkey. It is considered to be among the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world....	Anatolia Anatolia Anatolia or Asia Minor is a region of Western Asia, comprising most of the modern Republic of Turkey. It is a geographic region bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Caucasus to the northeast, the Aegean Sea to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Iranian plateau to the east and southeast....	Southeastern Anatolia Southeastern Anatolia Region Southeastern Anatolia Region In historical terms, as Anatolia is located to the west of the Taurus Range, this area is a part of historical Mesopotamia and Syria.... , Turkey Turkey Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in southwest Asia and Thrace in the Balkans region of Southern Europe....		This is disputed, although most modern scholars place the Classical Antiochia ad Taurum Antiochia ad Taurum Antiochia ad Taurum was an ancient city of Hellenistic foundation in the Taurus Mountains of Cilicia , Anatolia. Most modern scholars locate Antiochia ad Taurum at or near Gaziantep, Gaziantep Province, Turkey , , although past scholars tried to associate it with Aleppo , Syria.... at Gaziantep, some maintain that it was in fact located at Aleppo. Furthermore, that the two cities occupy the same site is far from established fact (see ). Assuming this to be the case, the date of founding the present site would be in the region of 1,000 BC. (see )
Harappa Harappa Harappa is a city in Punjab , northeast Pakistan, about 35 km southwest of Sahiwal.The modern town is located near the former course of the Ravi River and also beside the ruins of an ancient history fortification city, which was part of the Cemetery H culture and the Indus Valley Civilization....	Ancient India India India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....	Pakistan Pakistan Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia and borders Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046 kilometre coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south, and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and People's Republic of China in th...	3300 BC	This ancient fortified city existed from about 3300 BCE and is believed to have had as many as 23,500 residents—considered large for its time.It is well known for its impressive, organized and regular layout, road and street network, drainage and step-wells for water.
Beirut Beirut Beirut is the Capital and largest city of Lebanon with a population of over 2.1 million as of 2007. Located on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's coastline with the Mediterranean sea, it serves as the country's largest and main seaport and also forms the Beirut District area, which consists of the city and its suburbs....	Levant Levant The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...	Lebanon Lebanon Lebanon , officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic , is a country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea....	3000 BC
Jerusalem Jerusalem Jerusalem is the capital of Israel and its List of Israeli cities in both population and area, with a population of 747,600 residents over an area of if Positions on Jerusalem East Jerusalem is included....	Levant Levant The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...	Israel Israel Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....	2800 BC
Tyre	Levant Levant The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...	Lebanon Lebanon Lebanon , officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic , is a country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea....	2750 BC
Mohenjo-daro Mohenjo-daro Mohenjo-daro was one of the largest city-settlements of the Indus Valley Civilization of south Asia situated in the province of Sind, Pakistan....	Ancient India India India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....	Pakistan Pakistan Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia and borders Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046 kilometre coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south, and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and People's Republic of China in th...	2600 BC	Built around 2600 BCE, the city was one of the early urban settlements in the world, most developed and advanced, existing at the same time as the civilizations of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Crete.
Arbil Arbil Arbil is believed to be one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and is the third-largest city in Iraq after Baghdad and Mosul....	Mesopotamia Mesopotamia Mesopotamia is the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern Iraq, as well as some parts of northeastern Syria, some parts of southeastern Turkey, and some parts of the Khuzestan Province of southwestern Iran....	Kurdistan Autonomous Region, Iraq Iraq Iraq , officially the Republic of Iraq , is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros Mountains, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....	2300 BC or earlier
Kirkuk Kirkuk Kirkuk , Kurdish language:????????, , , , is a city in Iraq and capital of Kirkuk Governorate.It is located at 35.47?N, 44.41?E, in the Iraqi Governorates of Iraq of Kirkuk Governorate, 250 kilometres north of the capital, Baghdad.... (as Arrapha)	Mesopotamia Mesopotamia Mesopotamia is the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern Iraq, as well as some parts of northeastern Syria, some parts of southeastern Turkey, and some parts of the Khuzestan Province of southwestern Iran....	Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq Iraq Iraq , officially the Republic of Iraq , is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros Mountains, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....	3000-2200 BC
Tel Aviv Tel Aviv Tel Aviv-Yafo , usually Tel Aviv, is the List of largest cities and second largest cities by country List of cities in Israel in Israel, with an estimated population of 390,100.... (as Jaffa Jaffa File:Jaffa StPeter church.jpgJaffa is an ancient port city believed to be one of the oldest in the world.Jaffa is located south of Tel Aviv, Israel on the Mediterranean Sea.... )	Levant Levant The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...	Israel Israel Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....	ca. 2000 BC	Archaeological evidence shows habitation from 7500 BC.
Aleppo Aleppo Aleppo is a city in northern Syria, capital of the Aleppo Governorate; the Governorate extends around the city for over 16,000 km? and has a population of 4,393,000, making it the largest Governorate in Syria by population....	Levant Levant The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...	Syria Syria Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north....	ca. 2000 BC	Evidence of occupation since about 5000 BC.
Mantua Mantua Mantua is a city in Lombardy, Italy and capital of the Province of Mantua of the same name.Mantua is surrounded on three sides by artificial lakes created during the 12th century....	Po Valley Po Valley The Po Valley, Po Plain, Plain of the Po, or Padan Plain is a major geographical feature of Italy. It extends some 600 km in an east-west direction, including its Veneto extension not actually related to the Po river; it runs from the Western Alps to the Adriatic Sea....	Lombardy Lombardy Lombardy is one of the 20 regions of Italy. The capital is Milan. One-sixth of Italy's population lives in Lombardy and about one fifth of Italy's GDP is produced in this region.... , Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....	ca. 2000 BC	Village settlement since ca. 2000 BC; became an Etruscan city in the 6th century BC.
Balkh Balkh Balkh , also known as Bactra, was once a major world city but was destroyed entirely by the Mongols. Today it is a small town in the Balkh Province, northern Afghanistan, about 20 kilometers northwest of the provincial capital, Mazar-e Sharif, and some 74 km south of the Amu Darya, the Oxus River of antiquity, of which a tributary form... (as Bactra)	Bactria Bactria Bactria is a historical region of Greater Iran. Known by the ancient Greeks as "Bactriana" the region is located between the range of the Hindu Kush and the Amu Darya ; in later times, the region became known as Tokharistan. The name of the region has survived to present time in the name of Afghan province "Balkh"....	Balkh Province Balkh Province Balkh is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. It is in the north of the country and its name derives from the ancient city of Balkh, near the modern town.... , Afghanistan Afghanistan Afghanistan , officially the Islamic republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country that is located approximately in the center of Asia....	ca. 1,500 BC	Balkh is one of the oldest settlements of the region.
Chania Chania Chani? is the second largest city of Crete and the capital of the Chania Prefecture. It lies along the north coast of the island, about 70 km west of Rethymno and 145 km west of Heraklion....	Crete Crete Crete is the largest of the Greek islands and the List of islands in the Mediterranean largest island in the Mediterranean Sea at 8,336 km? ....	Crete Crete Crete is the largest of the Greek islands and the List of islands in the Mediterranean largest island in the Mediterranean Sea at 8,336 km? .... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	ca. 1400 BC	Minoan Minoan civilization The Minoan civilization was a Bronze Age civilization which arose on the island of Crete. The Minoan culture flourished from approximately 27th century BC to 1450 BC; afterwards, Mycenaean Greece culture became dominant at Minoan sites in Crete.... foundation as Kydonia
Larnaca Larnaca Larnaca, is a city of the Cyprus#Government situated on the southern coast of Cyprus. The island's largest airport, Larnaca International Airport is located on the outskirts of the city....	Alashiya Alashiya Alashiya or Alasiya was an important state during the Middle and Late Bronze Ages and was situated somewhere in the Eastern Mediterranean....	Cyprus Cyprus Cyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is an island country situated in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, east of Greece, west of Lebanon, Syria, and Israel, south of Turkey and north of Egypt....	ca. 1400 BC	Mycenaean Mycenaean Mycenaean may refer to:* Mycenae, coming from or belonging to this ancient town in Peloponnese in Greece* Mycenaean Greece, the Greek-speaking regions of the Aegean Sea as of the Late Bronze Age, named after the Mycenae of the Trojan War epics... , then Phoenicia Phoenicia Phoenicia was an ancient civilization centered in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coastal regions of modern day Lebanon, extending to parts of Israel, Syria and the Palestinian territories.... n colony
Thebes Thebes, Greece Thebes is a city in Greece, situated to the north of the Cithaeron range, which divides Boeotia from Attica, Greece, and on the southern edge of the Boeotian plain....	Mycenaean Greece Mycenaean Greece Mycenaean Greece is a cultural period of ancient Greece taking its name from the archaeological site of Mycenae in northeastern Argolis, in the Peloponnese of southern Greece....	Boeotia Boeotia Boeotia, Beotia, or B?otia , formerly Cadmeis, was a region of ancient Greece, north of the eastern part of the Gulf of Corinth. It was bounded on the south by Megaris and the Kithairon mountain range that forms a natural barrier with Attica, on the north by Opuntian Locris and the Euripus Strait at the Gulf of Euboea, and on the... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	ca. 1400 BC	Mycenaean Mycenaean Mycenaean may refer to:* Mycenae, coming from or belonging to this ancient town in Peloponnese in Greece* Mycenaean Greece, the Greek-speaking regions of the Aegean Sea as of the Late Bronze Age, named after the Mycenae of the Trojan War epics... foundation
Athens Athens Athens , the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery; as one of the List of cities by time of continuous habitation, its recorded history spans around 3,400 years....	Mycenaean Greece Mycenaean Greece Mycenaean Greece is a cultural period of ancient Greece taking its name from the archaeological site of Mycenae in northeastern Argolis, in the Peloponnese of southern Greece....	Attica Attica Attica is a Peripheries of Greece in Greece, containing Athens, the capital of Greece. Attica is subdivided into the prefectures of Greece of Athens Prefecture, Piraeus Prefecture, East Attica and West Attica.... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	1400 BC	Mycenaean Mycenaean Mycenaean may refer to:* Mycenae, coming from or belonging to this ancient town in Peloponnese in Greece* Mycenaean Greece, the Greek-speaking regions of the Aegean Sea as of the Late Bronze Age, named after the Mycenae of the Trojan War epics... foundation, with traces of earlier habitation on the Acropolis Acropolis of Athens The Acropolis of Athens is the best known acropolis in the world. Although there are many other acropolises in Greece, the significance of the Acropolis of Athens is such that it is commonly known as The Acropolis without qualification.... .
Lisbon Lisbon Lisbon is the Capital and largest city of Portugal. It is also the seat of the Lisbon and capital of the Lisbon region. Its municipalities of Portugal, which matches the city proper excluding the larger continuous conurbation, has a municipal population of 564,477 in , while the Lisbon Metropolitan Area in total has around 2.8 million inha...	Iron Age Iberia Prehistoric Iberia The Prehistory of the Iberian peninsula begins with the arrival of the first hominins 1.2 million years ago and ends with the Punic Wars, when the territory enters the domains of written history....	Portugal Portugal Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Located in southwestern Europe, Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east....	ca. 1200 BC	A settlement since the Neolithic Neolithic The Neolithic period was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 Before the Christian Era in the Middle East that is traditionally considered the last part of the Stone Age.... . Allis Ubbo, arguably a Phoenician Phoenician Phoenician may refer to:Phoenicia, the ancient civilizationPhoenician alphabetPhoenician languagePhoenician may also be:A native or resident of Phoenix, Arizona... name, became Olissipo(-nis) in Greek Greek language Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European.... and Latin Latin Latin is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Through the Military history of the Roman Empire, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe.... (also Felicitas Julia after Roman conquest in 205 BC).
Cádiz Cádiz C?diz is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the province of C?diz, one of eight which make up the Autonomous communities of Spain of Andalusia....	Iron Age Iberia Prehistoric Iberia The Prehistory of the Iberian peninsula begins with the arrival of the first hominins 1.2 million years ago and ends with the Punic Wars, when the territory enters the domains of written history....	Andalusia Andalusia Andalusia is a country in the Spanish State. It is the most populous and the second largest, in terms of land area, of the seventeen autonomous communities of the Spain.... , Spain Spain Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....	1100 BC
Varanasi Varanasi Varanasi , also commonly known as Benares or Banaras and Kashi , is a city situated on the left bank of the River Ganges River in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, regarded as holy by Hinduism, Buddhists and Jains, and is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities....	Iron Age India Iron Age India The Iron Age in the Indian subcontinent succeeds the Late Harappan culture, also known as the last phase of the Indus Valley Tradition....	Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh , [often referred to as U.P.] is a States and territories of India located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 190 million people,... , India India India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....	ca. 1200-1000 BC	Iron Age Iron Age India The Iron Age in the Indian subcontinent succeeds the Late Harappan culture, also known as the last phase of the Indus Valley Tradition.... foundation (Painted Grey Ware culture Painted Grey Ware culture The Painted Grey Ware culture is an Iron Age Archaeological culture of Gangetic plain, lasting from roughly 1100 BC to 350 BC. It is contemporary to, and a successor of the Black and red ware culture.... ).
Xi'an Xi'an Xi'an , is the Capital of the Shaanxi Provinces of China in the People's Republic of China and a sub-provincial city. As one of the oldest cities in Chinese history, Xi'an is one of the Historical capitals of China because it has been the capital of some of the most important Dynasties in Chinese history in Chinese history, including the Zh...	Bronze Age China	Shaanxi Shaanxi is a north-central political divisions of China of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River as well as the Qinling Mountains across the southern part of the province.... , PRC	ca. 1100 BC
Chios Chios (town) Chios is the main town on the Aegean island of Chios, in eastern Greece. It is located on the eastern coast of the island facing the coast of Turkey and the town of ?esme....	Chios Chios Chios is the fifth largest of the Greece list of islands of Greece, situated in the Aegean Sea seven kilometres off the Turkey coast. The island is noted for its strong merchant shipping community, its unique mastic gum and its medieval villages....	North Aegean North Aegean North Aegean is one of the thirteen peripheries of Greece. It consists of the Prefectures of Greece of Chios, Lesbos Prefecture and Samos Prefecture.... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	ca. 1100 BC
Mytilene Mytilene Mytilene is the Capital city of Lesbos Island, a Greek island in the Aegean Sea, and capital of Lesbos Prefecture and the Northern Aegean region....	Lesbos Lesbos Island Lesbos is a Greece List of islands of Greece located in the northeastern Aegean Sea. It has an area of 1632 Square kilometre with 320 kilometres of coastline, making it the third largest Greek island and the largest of the numerous Greek islands scattered in the Aegean....	North Aegean North Aegean North Aegean is one of the thirteen peripheries of Greece. It consists of the Prefectures of Greece of Chios, Lesbos Prefecture and Samos Prefecture.... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	10th century BC
Hamadan (As Ecbatana Ecbatana Ecbatana is supposed to be the capital of Astyages , which was taken by the Persian emperor Cyrus the Great in the sixth year of Nabonidus .... )	Median Empire	Iran Iran Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran and formerly known internationally as Persian Empire until 1935, is a country in Central Eurasia, located on the northeastern shore of the Persian Gulf and the southern shore of the Caspian Sea....	ca. 800 BC
Ujjain Ujjain Ujjain , is an ancient city of Malwa in central India on the eastern bank of the Kshipra River In ancient times the city was called Ujjayini.... (As Avanti Avanti Avanti may refer to:*Avanti , a UK Government sponsored programme to assist construction project partners to work together more effectively.... )	Malwa	India India India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....	ca. 800 BC	Rose to prominence in ca 700 BC as capital of Avanti Avanti (India) Avanti was an ancient Indian janapada , roughly corresponded to the present day Malwa region. According to the Buddhist text, the Anguttara Nikaya, Avanti was one of the solasa mahajanapadas of the 6th century BCE.... during India India India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world.... 's second wave of urbanization. Walled in ca 600 BC.
Rome Rome Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....	Latium Latium *Lazio, called Latium* in English language, is a Regions of Italy of central Italy, bordered by Tuscany, Umbria, and Marche to the north, Abruzzo to the east, Campania to the south, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west....	Lazio, Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....	753 BC	see also History of Rome History of Rome The History of the city of Rome spans 2,800 years of the existence of a city that grew from a small Italy village in the 9th century BC into the center of a vast ancient Rome that dominated the Mediterranean Sea region for centuries....
Corfu Corfu (city) Corfu is a city in north-western Greece. It is the capital and main town of the island and Corfu Prefecture of Corfu. The city is a major tourist attraction, and has played an important role since the 8th century.... , Kerkyra	Corfu Corfu Corfu is a Greece list of islands of Greece in the Ionian Sea. It is the second largest of the Ionian Islands, and lies off the coast of Sarand?, Albania, from which it is separated by straits varying in breadth from 3 to 23 km , including one near ancient Butrint and a longer one west of Thesprotia....	Ionian Islands Ionian Islands The Ionian Islands are a island group in Greece. They are traditionally called "Eptanisa", i.e. "the Seven Islands" , but the group includes many smaller islands as well as the seven principal ones.... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	734 BC
Varna Varna Varna is the largest city and seaside resort on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and in Northern Bulgaria, third-largest in Bulgaria after Sofia and Plovdiv, and Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits, with a population of 352,211....	Thrace Thrace Thrace is a historical and geographic area in southeast Europe. Today the name Thrace designates a region spread over southern Bulgaria , northeastern Greece , and European Turkey ....	Bulgarian Black Sea Coast Bulgarian Black Sea Coast The Bulgarian Black Sea Riviera covers the entire eastern bound of Bulgaria stretching from the Romanian Black Sea resorts in the north to Marmara Region, Turkey in the south, along 378 km of coastline.... , Bulgaria Bulgaria The state of Bulgaria , Scientific transliteration Balgarija, officially the Republic of Bulgaria has played a significant role in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe for over fourteen centuries....	7th century BC	founded as *Odessos, first mentioned by Strabo Strabo Strabo* was a Ancient Greeks history, geography and philosophy....
Durrës Durrës File:Teuta, Illyrian Queen of Durres.jpgDurr?s is the second largest city of Albania. It is the most ancient and one of the most economically important cities of Albania....	Illyria Illyria 'Illyria' was in Classical antiquity a region in the western part of today's Balkan Peninsula, inhabited by tribes of Illyrians, an ancient people who spoke the Illyrian languages....	Albania Albania Albania , officially the Republic of Albania , is a country in Balkans. It is bordered by Greece to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and the Republic of Macedonia to the east....	627 BC	One of the most ancient settlements in Albania Albania Albania , officially the Republic of Albania , is a country in Balkans. It is bordered by Greece to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and the Republic of Macedonia to the east....
Berat Berat Berat is a town located in south-central Albania. It has a population of around 45,500 people . It is the capital of both the District of Berat and the larger County of Berat....	Illyria Illyria 'Illyria' was in Classical antiquity a region in the western part of today's Balkan Peninsula, inhabited by tribes of Illyrians, an ancient people who spoke the Illyrian languages....	Albania Albania Albania , officially the Republic of Albania , is a country in Balkans. It is bordered by Greece to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and the Republic of Macedonia to the east....	600 BC	3,000 year old city
Kavala Kavala Kavala , is the second largest city in northern Greece, the principal seaport of eastern Macedonia and the capital of Kavala prefecture. It is situated on the Bay of Kavala, across from the island of Thasos....	Macedonia Macedonia Macedonia may refer to:...	Macedonia Macedonia (Greece) Macedonia is a geographical and historical Regions of Greece in Southeastern Europe Europe. Macedonia is the largest and second most populous Greece region.... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	6th century BC	founded as *Neapolis*
Delhi Delhi Delhi , sometimes referred to as Dilli , is the List of most populous cities in India metropolis in India and, with over 11 million residents, the List of metropolitan areas by population....	Kuru Kuru (kingdom) Kuru was the name of an Indo-Aryans tribe and their kingdom in the Vedic civilization of India, and later a republican Mahajanapadas state. Their kingdom was located in the area of modern Haryana ....	India India India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....	ca. 500 BC	A city since the "early centuries BC", continuous habitation likely from the 6th century BC, traces of habitation from the 11th century BC. See also History of Delhi History of Delhi The Indian capital city of Delhi has a long history, including a history as the capital of several empires. The earliest architectural relics date back to the Maurya Period ; since then, the site has seen continuous settlement.... .
Madurai Madurai Madurai , is the oldest inhabited city in the Indian peninsula. It is a city in Indian state of Tamil Nadu and is a municipal corporation situated on the banks of the Vaigai River in Madurai district....	Pandyan kingdom Pandyan Kingdom The Pandyan Kingdom was an ancient Tamil people state in South India. The Pandyas, Chola dynasty, Chera dynasty and Pallava dynasty Dynasties are the four Tamil Dynasties which ruled South India till the 15th century CE....	Tamilnadu, India India India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....	500 BC	It was the capital city of ancient southern civilization.Its cultural heritage goes back 2,500 years, and the city has been an important commercial center and has conducted trade as far as Rome and Greece since as early as 550 B.C.
Beijing Beijing is a metropolis in northern China and the Capital of the People's Republic of China. It is one of the four municipality of China, which are equivalent to province in China's Political divisions of China.... (as Ji, Yanjing)	Yan Yan (state) Yan was a state during the Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods in China. Its capital was Ji .During the first years of the Zhou Dynasty, Yan was located near the Yellow River, but after the failed revolt led by the leaders of the Shang Dynasty, the fiefdom was relocated further north in what is now Hebei Province t...	PRC
Ife Ife Ife is an ancient Yoruba people city in south-western Nigeria. Evidence of settlement of the city has been discovered dating back as far as 500 BC....		Osun State Osun State ?ṣun State is an inland States of Nigeria in south-western Nigeria. Its capital is Osogbo. It is bounded in the north by Kwara State, in the east partly by Ekiti State and partly by Ondo State, in the south by Ogun State and in the west by Oyo State.... , Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federation constitutional republic comprising States of Nigeria and one Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria....	ca. 500 BC
Serres Serres Serres is a city in Greece, seat of the Serres prefecture.Serres may also refer to:Places:* Serres, Germany, a part of Wiernsheim in Baden-W?rttemberg...	Macedonia Macedonia Macedonia may refer to:...	Macedonia Macedonia (Greece) Macedonia is a geographical and historical Regions of Greece in Southeastern Europe Europe. Macedonia is the largest and second most populous Greece region.... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	5th century BC	first mentioned in the 5th century BC as *Siris*
Veria Veria Veria is a city built at the foot of Vermion Mountains in Greece. It is a commercial center of Macedonia , the capital of the Prefectures of Greece of Imathia Prefecture, the province of Imathia and the seat of a bishop of the Church of Greece....	Macedon Macedon Macedon or Macedonia was the name of a monarchy centred in the northernmost part of ancient Greece. The homeland of the ancient Macedonians, it was bordered by the kingdom of Epirus to the west and the region of Thrace to the east....	Macedonia Macedonia (Greece) Macedonia is a geographical and historical Regions of Greece in Southeastern Europe Europe. Macedonia is the largest and second most populous Greece region.... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	ca. 432 BC	first mentioned by Thucydides Thucydides Thucydides was a Greeks history and author of the History of the Peloponnesian War, which recounts the 5th century B.C. war between Sparta and Athens to the year 411 B.C.... in 432 BC
Rhodes	Rhodes Rhodes Rhodes is a Greece List of islands of Greece approximately southwest of Turkey in eastern Aegean Sea. It is the largest of the Dodecanese islands in terms of both land area and population, with a population of 117,007 of which 53,709 resided in the Rhodes capital city of the island.... , Aegean Sea Aegean Sea The Aegean Sea is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea located between the southern Balkans and Anatolian peninsulas, i.e., between the mainlands of Greece and Turkey respectively....	Dodecanese Dodecanese The Dodecanese are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greece list of islands of Greece in the Aegean Sea, off the southwest coast of Turkey, southward of the island of Samos and northeastward of the island of Crete.... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	ca. 408 BC
Shkodër Shkodër Shkod?r is a city located on Lake Shkod?r in northwestern Albania in the District of Shkod?r, of which it is the capital. It is one of the oldest and most historic towns in Albania, as well as an important cultural and economic centre.... , Shkodra, Scutarion	Illyria Illyria 'Illyria' was in Classical antiquity a region in the western part of today's Balkan Peninsula, inhabited by tribes of Illyrians, an ancient people who spoke the Illyrian languages....	Albania Albania Albania , officially the Republic of Albania , is a country in Balkans. It is bordered by Greece to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and the Republic of Macedonia to the east....	400 BC
Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Thessaloniki , Thessalonica, or Salonica is the List of largest cities and second largest cities by country in Greece and the capital of Macedonia , the nation's largest Regions of Greece....	Macedon Macedon Macedon or Macedonia was the name of a monarchy centred in the northernmost part of ancient Greece. The homeland of the ancient Macedonians, it was bordered by the kingdom of Epirus to the west and the region of Thrace to the east....	Macedonia Macedonia (Greece) Macedonia is a geographical and historical Regions of Greece in Southeastern Europe Europe. Macedonia is the largest and second most populous Greece region.... , Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....	315 BC
Ohrid Ohrid Ohrid is a city on the eastern shore of Lake Ohrid in the Republic of Macedonia. It has about 42,000 inhabitants, making it the List of cities in the Republic of Macedonia by population in the country....	Macedon Macedon Macedon or Macedonia was the name of a monarchy centred in the northernmost part of ancient Greece. The homeland of the ancient Macedonians, it was bordered by the kingdom of Epirus to the west and the region of Thrace to the east....	Republic of Macedonia Republic of Macedonia The Republic of Macedonia , , often referred to simply as Macedonia, is a landlocked country on the Balkans in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Serbia to the north, Bulgaria to the east, Greece to the south and Albania to the west....	353 BC	Ohrid town is first mentioned in Greek documents from 353 BC. with the name Lychnidos
Paris Paris Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....	Gaul Gaul Gaul is the name used for the region of Western Europe comprising part of present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the River Rhine....	France France France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....	ca. 250 BC	Chasséen culture Chasséen culture Chass?en culture is the name given to the early pre-Beaker culture archaeological culture of prehistoric France of the late Neolithic , roughly between 4500 BC and 3500 BC.... (4th millennium BC) settlement traces.
Guangzhou Guangzhou 'Guangzhou' is the Capital and a sub-provincial city of Guangdong Province of China in the northern and southern China part of the People's Republic of China.... (Canton)	Han Dynasty Han Dynasty The Han Dynasty followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. The Han Dynasty was ruled by the family known as the Liu clan who had peasant origins....	Guangdong Guangdong Guangdong is a political divisions of China on the southern coast of People's Republic of China. The province is also known by an alternative English language name, the Canton Province.... , PRC	214 BC
Solothurn Solothurn The city of Solothurn is the Capital of the Canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. The city also comprises the only municipalities of Switzerland of the Solothurn of the same name....	Gaul Gaul Gaul is the name used for the region of Western Europe comprising part of present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the River Rhine....	Switzerland Switzerland Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....	? BC	Evidence of pre-Roman, Celtic settlement; newly founded by the Romans between 14 – 37 AD, called the "oldest city in Gaul besides Trier" in a verse on the city's clock tower.
Zürich Zürich Z?rich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Z?rich. The city is Switzerland's main commercial and cultural centre and sometimes called the Cultural Capital of Switzerland, the political capital of Switzerland being Berne.... (Lindenhof Lindenhof File:Schipfe Zuerich 01.jpgFile:Z?rich - Lindenhof - St?tzmauer IMG 1382.JPGFile:Zuerich Lindenhof.jpgFile:Eid Lindenhof.jpgFile:Brunnen Lindenhof.jpg... )	Gaul Gaul Gaul is the name used for the region of Western Europe comprising part of present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the River Rhine....	Switzerland Switzerland Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....	ca. 50 BC	lakeside settlement traces dating to the Neolithic.
Trier Trier Trier is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle River. It is the oldest city in Germany, founded in or before 16 BC. Trier is not the only city claiming to be Germany's oldest, but it is the only one that bases this assertion on having the longest history as a city, as opposed to a mere settlement or army camp....	Gallia Belgica Gallia Belgica Gallia Belgica was a Roman province located in what is now the southern part of the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northeastern France, and western Germany....	Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....	30 BC	oldest city in Germany.
Verdun Verdun Verdun is a city in the Meuse Departments of France in Lorraine in northeastern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department.Verdun is the biggest city in Meuse, although it is not the capital, but the slightly smaller Bar-le-Duc....	Lotharingia Lotharingia Lotharingia or Duchy of Lorraine was a short-lived kingdom in western Europe, the aggregate of territories belonging to Lothair, King of Lotharingia , who received it in 855 from his Carolingian father, Lothair I , Carolingian Empire....	France France France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....	4th century	seat of the bishop of Verdun from the 4th century, but populated earlier
Chur Chur Chur ; ; Latin: Curia, Curia Rhaetorum and Curia Raetorum) is the capital of the Switzerland Cantons of Switzerland of Graub?nden and lies in the northern part of the canton....	Raetia Prima	Grisons, Switzerland Switzerland Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....	15 BC	habitation since the 4th millennium BC (Pfyn culture Pfyn culture The Pfyn Culture is one of several archaeology cultures of the Neolithic period in Switzerland. It dates from c. 3900 BC to c. 3500 BC.... ).
Krakow Kraków Krak?w , in English also spelled Krakow or Cracow , is one of the largest and oldest cities in Poland, with a population of 756,336 in 2007 .... (Wawel Hill Wawel Hill Wawel Hill is the name of a Jurassic limestone outcrop formed about 150 million years ago. It is situated on the left bank of the Vistula River in Krak?w, Poland, at an altitude of 228 metres above the sea level.... )	Galicia Galicia (Central Europe) Galicia is a historical region in East Central Europe, currently divided between Poland and Ukraine, named after Ukra?ni?n city of Halych.The nucleus of historic Galicia is formed of three regions of western Ukraine: Lvivska oblast, Ternopilska oblast and Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast....	Poland Poland Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....	7th c.	The first written record dates back to the 10th century.
Århus		Denmark Denmark Denmark is a Scandinavian country in northern Europe and the senior member of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries....	ca. 700	oldest city in Scandinavia.
Djenné Djenné Djenn? is a historically and commercially important small city in the Niger Inland Delta of central Mali. It lies 5 km north-west of the Bani River ....		Mali Mali Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked nation in West Africa. Mali is the seventh largest country in Africa, bordering Algeria on the north, Niger on the east, Burkina Faso and the C?te d'Ivoire on the south, Guinea on the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania on the west....	ca. 800 800 Sorry, no overview for this topic	oldest known city in sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa is a geographical term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara, or those African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara....
Ife Ife Ife is an ancient Yoruba people city in south-western Nigeria. Evidence of settlement of the city has been discovered dating back as far as 500 BC....		Osun State Osun State ?ṣun State is an inland States of Nigeria in south-western Nigeria. Its capital is Osogbo. It is bounded in the north by Kwara State, in the east partly by Ekiti State and partly by Ondo State, in the south by Ogun State and in the west by Oyo State.... , Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federation constitutional republic comprising States of Nigeria and one Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria....
Dublin Dublin Dublin is both the largest city and capital of Republic of Ireland. It is located near the midpoint of Ireland's east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey and at the centre of the Dublin Region....	Ireland Ireland Ireland is the List of islands by area in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islet....	Republic of Ireland Republic of Ireland Ireland is an Island country in north-western Europe. The modern Sovereignty state occupies about five-sixths of the island of Ireland, which was partitioned by the British on 3 May 1921....	841
Skara Skara Skara is a Cities in Sweden in V?sterg?tland, Sweden, an episcopal see and the seat of Skara Municipality, V?stra G?taland County. Despite its size, it has a long educational and ecclesiastical history....		Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and it is connected to Denmark by the ?resund Bridge in the south....	988
Lund Lund is a Urban areas in Sweden in the provinces of Sweden of Scania, southern Sweden. The town has 76,188 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 105,000....		Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and it is connected to Denmark by the ?resund Bridge in the south....	ca. 990

New World

Name	Country	Foundation	Notes
Ticul Ticul Ticul is a small city and its surrounding municipalities of Mexico in western Yucat?n States of Mexico, Mexico. It is located at some 100 km south of the state capital city of M?rida, Yucat?n....	Mexico Mexico The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federalism constitutionalism republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico....	7th century BC	Oldest continuously inhabited city in the Americas.
Acoma Pueblo Acoma Pueblo Acoma Pueblo ; Haak'ooh in Navajo language, also known as "Sky City", is a Native Americans in the United States pueblo built on top of a 367-foot sandstone mesa in the U.S.... and Taos Pueblo Taos Pueblo Taos Pueblo is an ancient pueblo belonging to a Taos language speaking Native Americans in the United States tribe of Pueblo people. It is approximately 1000 years old and lies about 1 mile north of the modern city of Taos, New Mexico, New Mexico, United States.... , New Mexico New Mexico New Mexico is a U. S. State located in the Southwestern United States of the United States. Inhabited by Native Americans in the United States populations for many centuries, it has also has been part of the Spanish Empire viceroyalty of New Spain, part of Mexico, and a U.S....	USA	1075 (ca.)	Among the oldest continuously inhabited settlements of the US (although not "cities")
Oraibi, Arizona	USA	1100 (ca.)	Among the oldest continuously inhabited settlements of the US (although not a "city")
Santo Domingo Santo Domingo Santo Domingo, or in full, Santo Domingo de Guzm?n, is the Capital and largest city in the Dominican Republic, and the second largest city in the Caribbean....	Dominican Republic Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic is a nation on the island of Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are List of divided islands, Saint Martin being the other....	1496	Oldest European settlement in the New World
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador St. John's is the Provinces of Canada capital of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada and located on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the Newfoundland ....	Canada Canada Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....	1497	Oldest city in Canada, and oldest english speaking city in North America
San Juan, Puerto Rico San Juan, Puerto Rico San Juan is the Capital and largest Municipalities of Puerto Rico in Puerto Rico. As of the United States Census Bureau, it has a population of 433,733, making it the List of United States cities by population city under the jurisdiction of the United States....	USA	1508	Oldest continuously inhabited city in the US.
Nombre de Dios, Colón	Panama Panama Panama, officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America and, in turn, North America. Situated on an isthmus connecting North and South America, some categorize it as a transcontinental nation....	1510	Oldest European settlement on the American mainland
Baracoa Baracoa Baracoa is a municipality and city in Guant?namo Province in extreme eastern Cuba. It was founded by the first governor of Cuba, the Spanish Empire conquistador Diego Vel?zquez de Cu?llar in 1511, which makes it not only the oldest Spanish settlement in Cuba but also its first capital ....	Cuba Cuba The Republic of Cuba is a country in the Caribbean. It consists of the island of Cuba , the island of Isla de la Juventud, and several adjacent small islands....	1511	Oldest European settlement in Cuba
São Vicente, São Paulo São Vicente, São Paulo S?o Vicente is a coastal city of Southern S?o Paulo , Brazil. Its estimated population in 2006 was 329 370 inhabitants.It was the first Portugal permanent settlement in the Americas and the first capital of the Captaincy of S?o Vicente, now the state of S?o Paulo....	Brazil Brazil Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is a country in South America. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, occupying nearly half of South America, the List of countries by population country, and the fourth most populous democracy in the world....	1532	First Portuguese settlement in South America
St. Augustine, Florida	USA	1556	Oldest continuously inhabited city in a US. state
Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe is the Capital of the U.S. state of New Mexico. It is the List of cities in New Mexico and is the county seat of . Santa Fe had a population of 62,203 at the United States Census, 2000; the estimate for July 1, 2006, is 72,056....	USA	1600 (ca.)	Oldest capital city and second oldest city in the US.
Quebec City Quebec City Qu?bec or Quebec, also Quebec City or Qu?bec City , is the Capital of the Canada Provinces and territories of Canada of Quebec and is located within the Capitale-Nationale region....	Canada Canada Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....	1608	Second oldest city in Canada
Saint John Saint John, New Brunswick Saint John is the largest city in the province of New Brunswick, and the oldest incorporated city in Canada. In 2006 the city proper had a population of 68,043....	Canada Canada Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....	1631	Third oldest city in Canada
Trois-Rivières Trois-Rivières Trois-Rivi?res may refer to:Trois-Rivi?res, the largest city in the Mauricie region of Quebec, CanadaCircuit Trois-Rivi?res, a racetrack in Trois-Rivi?res, Quebec...	Canada Canada Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....	1634	Fourth oldest city in Canada
Montreal Montreal Montreal, or Montr?al, is the largest city in the Provinces and territories of Canada of Quebec and the List of largest cities and second largest cities by country List of the 100 largest municipalities in Canada by population....	Canada Canada Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....	1642	Fifth oldest city in Canada
Sydney Sydney Sydney is the List of cities in Australia by population in Australia, with a metropolitan area population of approximately 4.34 million . It is the List of Australian capital cities of New South Wales, and was the site of the first British Empire colony in Australia....	Australia Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere comprising the Australia of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and numerous list of islands of Australia in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans....	1788	Oldest city in Australia.
Hobart Hobart Hobart is the List of Australian capital cities and most populous city of the Australian island state of Tasmania. Founded in 1803 as a penal colony, Hobart is Australia's second oldest capital city after Sydney....	Australia Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere comprising the Australia of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and numerous list of islands of Australia in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans....	1803	Second oldest city in Australia.

List of oldest continuously inhabited cities

Old World

New World

See also