List of nearest terrestrial exoplanets

This list of nearest terrestrial exoplanets contains known terrestrial

Terrestrial planet

A terrestrial planet, telluric planet or rocky planet is a planet that is composed primarily of silicate rocks or metals. Within the Solar System, the terrestrial planets are the inner planets closest to the Sun...

("rocky") exoplanets at a distance of up to 50 light-year

Light-year

A light-year, also light year or lightyear is a unit of length, equal to just under 10 trillion kilometres...

s from the Solar System

Solar System

The Solar System consists of the Sun and the astronomical objects gravitationally bound in orbit around it, all of which formed from the collapse of a giant molecular cloud approximately 4.6 billion years ago. The vast majority of the system's mass is in the Sun...

, ordered by increasing distance. They are composed primarily of silicate

Silicate

A silicate is a compound containing a silicon bearing anion. The great majority of silicates are oxides, but hexafluorosilicate and other anions are also included. This article focuses mainly on the Si-O anions. Silicates comprise the majority of the earth's crust, as well as the other...

rock

Rock (geology)

In geology, rock or stone is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids.The Earth's outer solid layer, the lithosphere, is made of rock. In general rocks are of three types, namely, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic...

s and/or metal

Metal

A metal , is an element, compound, or alloy that is a good conductor of both electricity and heat. Metals are usually malleable and shiny, that is they reflect most of incident light...

s. Within the Solar System

Solar System

, the terrestrial planets are the inner planets closest to the Sun

Sun

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is almost perfectly spherical and consists of hot plasma interwoven with magnetic fields...

.

There are ten terrestrial exoplanets in this list, two of whom probably lie inside the habitable zone

Habitable zone

In astronomy and astrobiology, a habitable zone is an umbrella term for regions that are considered favourable to life. The concept is inferred from the empirical study of conditions favourable for Life on Earth...

Name	Image (artist concept)	Mass (M_⊕ Earth mass Earth mass is the unit of mass equal to that of the Earth. 1 M⊕ = 5.9722 × 1024 kg. Earth mass is often used to describe masses of rocky terrestrial planets.... )	Semi-major axis Semi-major axis The major axis of an ellipse is its longest diameter, a line that runs through the centre and both foci, its ends being at the widest points of the shape... (AU)	Eccentricity Eccentricity Eccentricity or eccentric may refer to:* Off-center* Eccentricity , odd behavior on the part of a person, as opposed to being "normal"* Eccentricity of a vertex in a graph...	habitable Planetary habitability Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to sustain life. Life may develop directly on a planet or satellite or be transferred to it from another body, a theoretical process known as panspermia... ?	Main source	Star	Distance from Sol (ly)
Gliese 876 d Gliese 876 d Gliese 876 d is an extrasolar planet approximately 15 light-years away in the constellation of Aquarius . The planet was the third planet discovered orbiting the red dwarf star Gliese 876. At the time of its discovery, the planet had the lowest mass of any known extrasolar planet apart from the...		6,8	0,021	0,21	No. Surface temperature estimate: 157-377°C		Gliese 876 Gliese 876 Gliese 876 is a red dwarf star approximately 15 light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Aquarius. As of 2011, it has been confirmed that four extrasolar planets orbit the star...	15
Gliese 581 e Gliese 581 e Gliese 581 e or Gl 581 e is an extrasolar planet found around Gliese 581, an M3V red dwarf star approximately 20.5 light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Libra...		1,7	0,029	0	No. It is unlikely to possess an atmosphere due to its high temperature		Gliese 581 Gliese 581 Gliese 581 is a red dwarf star with spectral type M3V, located 20.3 light years away from Earth in the constellation Libra. Its estimated mass is about a third of that of the Sun, and it is the 89th closest known star system to the Sun. Observations suggest that the star has at least six planets:...	20
Gliese 581 c Gliese 581 c Gliese 581 c or Gl 581 c is a planet orbiting the red dwarf star Gliese 581. It is the second planet discovered in the system and the third in order from the star. With a mass at least 5.6 times that of the Earth, it is classified as a super-Earth...		5,6	0,072	0	Probably no. Likely to lie outside the habitable zone		Gliese 581 Gliese 581 Gliese 581 is a red dwarf star with spectral type M3V, located 20.3 light years away from Earth in the constellation Libra. Its estimated mass is about a third of that of the Sun, and it is the 89th closest known star system to the Sun. Observations suggest that the star has at least six planets:...	20
Gliese 581 d Gliese 581 d Gliese 581 d or Gl 581 d is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star Gliese 581 approximately 20 light-years away in the constellation of Libra. It is the third planet discovered in the system and the fifth in order from the star....		5,6	0,218	0	Yes. Lies within the habitable zone		Gliese 581 Gliese 581 Gliese 581 is a red dwarf star with spectral type M3V, located 20.3 light years away from Earth in the constellation Libra. Its estimated mass is about a third of that of the Sun, and it is the 89th closest known star system to the Sun. Observations suggest that the star has at least six planets:...	20
61 Virginis b 61 Virginis b 61 Virginis b is an extrasolar planet, orbiting the 5th magnitude G-type star 61 Virginis, in Virgo. This planet has a minimum mass of 5.1 times that of Earth and is an example of a super-Earth planet. It orbits very close to the star, at a distance of 0.050201 AU with an eccentricity of 0.12...		5,1	0,050	0,12	No. Orbits too close to the star		61 Virginis	28
HD 85512 b HD 85512 b HD 85512 b is an extrasolar planet orbiting the K-type star Gliese 370 approximately 36 light-years away in the constellation of Vela ....		3,6	0.26	0.11	Yes. Considered to be the best candidate for habitability (as of August 25, 2011)		HD 85512	36
55 Cancri e 55 Cancri e 55 Cancri e is an extrasolar planet with half the mass of Neptune orbiting the Sun-like star 55 Cancri A. Its mass is about 8.3 Earth masses, thus classifying it as the first Super-Earth discovered around a main sequence star, predating Gliese 876 d by a year...		8,6	0,016	0,17	No. Orbits too close to the star		55 Cancri 55 Cancri 55 Cancri , also cataloged Rho1 Cancri or abbreviated 55 Cnc, is a binary star approximately 41 light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Cancer...	40
HD 40307 b HD 40307 b HD 40307 b is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star HD 40307, located 42 light-years away in the direction of the southern constellation Pictor. The planet was discovered by the radial velocity method, using the HARPS apparatus, in June 2008; it is the smallest of three "Super-Earths", planets...		4,2	0,047	0	No. Orbits too close to the star		HD 40307	42
HD 40307 c HD 40307 c HD 40307 c is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star HD 40307, located 42 light-years away in the direction of the southern constellation Pictor. The planet was discovered by the radial velocity method, using the HARPS apparatus, in June 2008...		6,8	0,081	0	No. Orbits too close to the star		HD 40307	42
HD 40307 d HD 40307 d HD 40307 d is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star HD 40307, located 42 light-years from Earth in the direction of the southern constellation Pictor. The planet was discovered by the radial velocity method, using the HARPS apparatus in June 2008. It is the most massive of the three known...		9,2	0,134	0	No. Orbits too close to the star		HD 40307	42

Note: all masses except of 55 Cancri e

55 Cancri e

55 Cancri e is an extrasolar planet with half the mass of Neptune orbiting the Sun-like star 55 Cancri A. Its mass is about 8.3 Earth masses, thus classifying it as the first Super-Earth discovered around a main sequence star, predating Gliese 876 d by a year...

, HD 40307 b

HD 40307 b

HD 40307 b is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star HD 40307, located 42 light-years away in the direction of the southern constellation Pictor. The planet was discovered by the radial velocity method, using the HARPS apparatus, in June 2008; it is the smallest of three "Super-Earths", planets...

and Gliese 876 d

Gliese 876 d

Gliese 876 d is an extrasolar planet approximately 15 light-years away in the constellation of Aquarius . The planet was the third planet discovered orbiting the red dwarf star Gliese 876. At the time of its discovery, the planet had the lowest mass of any known extrasolar planet apart from the...

are minimal masses

See also