List of neanderthal sites
Encyclopedia
This is a list of archeological sites where remains or tools of Neanderthal
Neanderthal
The Neanderthal is an extinct member of the Homo genus known from Pleistocene specimens found in Europe and parts of western and central Asia...

s were found.
  • Western Europe
    Western Europe
    Western Europe is a loose term for the collection of countries in the western most region of the European continents, though this definition is context-dependent and carries cultural and political connotations. One definition describes Western Europe as a geographic entity—the region lying in the...

     north of the Alps
    Alps
    The Alps is one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria and Slovenia in the east through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany to France in the west....

     and Pyrenees
    Pyrenees
    The Pyrenees is a range of mountains in southwest Europe that forms a natural border between France and Spain...

    • Ehringsdorf  (Germany) Protoneanderthals
    • Engis
      Engis
      Engis is a Walloon municipality located in the Belgian province of Liège. On January 1, 2006 Engis had a total population of 5,686. The total area is 27.74 km² which gives a population density of 205 inhabitants per km²....

       (Belgium) Protoneanderthals
    • La Naulette (Belgium) Classic Neanderthals
    • Neander Valley (Germany) Classic Neanderthals
    • Northsea shore, (Netherlands
      Netherlands
      The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

      ) Classic Neanderthals
    • Salzgitter-Lebenstedt (Germany) Classic Neanderthals
    • Sclayn  (Belgium) Protoneanderthals
    • Spy-sur-l'Orneau  (Belgium) Classic Neanderthals
    • Veldwezelt-Hezerwater
      Veldwezelt-Hezerwater
      Veldwezelt-Hezerwater is a Palaeolithic archaeological site in the municipality of Lanaken in the province of Limburg, Belgium.-Context:The successive archaeological excavation campaigns at Veldwezelt-Hezerwater, Belgium, provide important remains of at least five separate Middle Palaeolithic...

       (Belgium) Protoneanderthals
    • Bontnewydd, Llanelwy
      Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site
      The Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site is an archaeological site in Wales which has yielded the earliest known remains of Neanderthals in the region. It is located on the River Elwy, near the hamlet of Bontnewydd, Denbighshire.-Palaeolithic site:...

        (Wales
      Wales
      Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...

      ) Proto-Neanderthals. Most northwesterly hominid remains of this early age (230,000 BP) in Eurasia.
    • La Cotte de St Brelade
      La Cotte de St Brelade
      La Cotte de St Brelade is a Paleolithic site of early habitation in St Brelade, Jersey. Cotte means "cave" in Jèrriais; the cave is also known as Lé Creux ès Fées....

       (Jersey
      Jersey
      Jersey, officially the Bailiwick of Jersey is a British Crown Dependency off the coast of Normandy, France. As well as the island of Jersey itself, the bailiwick includes two groups of small islands that are no longer permanently inhabited, the Minquiers and Écréhous, and the Pierres de Lecq and...

      )
    • Arcy-sur-Cure
      Arcy-sur-Cure
      Arcy-sur-Cure is a commune in the Yonne department in Burgundy in north-central France.The caves of Arcy-sur-Cure just south of the commune, hold the second-oldest cave paintings known, after those of Chauvet Cave. Archeological remains at the Grotte de Renne were taken to provide evidence that...

       (France) Classic Neanderthals
    • Bau de l'Aubesier (France) Protoneanderthals
    • Biache-Saint-Vaast
      Biache-Saint-Vaast
      Biache-Saint-Vaast is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France.-Geography:A small farming and light industrial town located 8 miles east of Arras, on the banks of the Scarpe river, at the junction of the D42, D43 and D46 roads...

       (France) Protoneanderthals
    • Combe Grenal (France) Protoneanderthals
    • La Chaise
      La Chaise
      La Chaise is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.-Population:-References:*...

       (France) Protoneanderthals
    • La Chapelle-aux-Saints
      La Chapelle-aux-Saints
      La Chapelle-aux-Saints is a commune in the Corrèze department in central France.-First discovery of a Neanderthal tomb:The La Chapelle-aux-Saints cave, bordering the Sourdoire valley, revealed many archeological artifacts belonging to the late Mousterian culture, including the first ever...

       (France) Classic Neanderthals
    • La Ferrassie (France) Classic Neanderthals
    • La Quina (France) Classic Neanderthals
    • Le Moustier
      Le Moustier
      Le Moustier is an archeological site consisting of two rock shelters in Peyzac-le-Moustier, Dordogne, France. It is known for a fossilized skull of the species Homo neanderthalensis that was discovered in 1909...

       (France) Classic Neanderthals
    • Les Rochers-de-Villeneuve (France) Classic Neanderthals
    • Moula-Guercy (France
      Ardèche
      Ardèche is a department in south-central France named after the Ardèche River.- History :The area has been inhabited by humans at least since the Upper Paleolithic, as attested by the famous cave paintings at Chauvet Pont d'Arc. The plateau of the Ardeche River has extensive standing stones ,...

      ) Classic Neanderthals
    • Regourdou (France) Classic Neanderthals
    • St-Césaire (France) Classic Neanderthals

  • Iberian Peninsula
    Iberian Peninsula
    The Iberian Peninsula , sometimes called Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes the modern-day sovereign states of Spain, Portugal and Andorra, as well as the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar...

    • L'Arbreda (Spain) Classic Neanderthals
    • Axlor
      Axlor
      Axlor is a prehistoric archeological site in the village of Dima in Biscay in the Autonomous Basque Community of Spain, dating from the Middle Paleolithic or Mousterian period.-Excavation:...

       (Spain) Classic Neanderthals
    • Banyoles
      Banyoles
      Banyoles is a city of 17,309 inhabitants located in the province of Girona in northeastern Catalonia, Spain.The town is the capital of the Catalan comarca "Pla de l'Estany"...

       (Catalonia
      Catalonia
      Catalonia is an autonomous community in northeastern Spain, with the official status of a "nationality" of Spain. Catalonia comprises four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. Its capital and largest city is Barcelona. Catalonia covers an area of 32,114 km² and has an...

      , Spain) Classic Neanderthals
    • Carihuela  (Andalucia, Spain) Classic Neanderthals
    • Figueira Brava (Arrabida Mountains, Portugal) Classic Neanderthals
    • Côa Valley
      Côa Valley Paleolithic Art
      The Côa Valley Paleolithic Art site is an open air sites of Paleolithic art in northeastern Portugal.In the late 1980s, the engravings were discovered in Vila Nova de Foz Côa. The site in situated in the valley of the Côa River, and comprises thousands of engraved drawings of horses, bovines and...

       (Portugal) Classic Neanderthals
    • Zafarraya (Granada
      Granada
      Granada is a city and the capital of the province of Granada, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Granada is located at the foot of the Sierra Nevada mountains, at the confluence of three rivers, the Beiro, the Darro and the Genil. It sits at an elevation of 738 metres above sea...

      , Spain) Classic Neanderthals
    • Gibraltar Classic Neanderthals
    • Cueva Negra (Region of Murcia
      Region of Murcia
      The Region of Murcia is an autonomous community of Spain located in the southeast of the country, between Andalusia and Valencian Community, on the Mediterranean coast....

      , Spain) Protoneanderthals
    • Sima de las Palomas (Region of Murcia
      Region of Murcia
      The Region of Murcia is an autonomous community of Spain located in the southeast of the country, between Andalusia and Valencian Community, on the Mediterranean coast....

      , Spain) Protoneanderthals
    • Abrigo do Lagar Velho
      Abrigo do Lagar Velho
      Lagar Velho is rock-shelter in the Lapedo valley, a limestone canyon 13 km from the centre of Leiria, in the municipality of Leiria, in central Portugal...

       (Leiria
      Leiria (district)
      The District of Leiria is located in Central Portugal. The District Capital is the city of Leiria which is also the largest city and most populous city.The district is composed by 16 municipalities:[C = city/cidade T = town/vila]...

      , Portugal)
    • Cueva del Sidrón (Asturias
      Asturias
      The Principality of Asturias is an autonomous community of the Kingdom of Spain, coextensive with the former Kingdom of Asturias in the Middle Ages...

      , Spain) Classic Neanderthals

  • Apennine Peninsula
    • Monte Circeo (Italy) Protoneanderthals
    • Saccopastore (Italy) Classic Neanderthals

  • Balkan Peninsula
    • Krapina
      Krapina
      Krapina is a town in northern Croatia and the administrative centre of Krapina-Zagorje County with a population of 4,482 and a total municipality population of 12,479...

       (Croatia
      Croatia
      Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Vindija Cave
      Vindija Cave
      Vindija is a cave near the city of Varaždin, Croatia. It contains one of the best preserved remains of the Neanderthals in the world, found in 1974. It is estimated that the Neanderthal man lived there about 30,000 years ago....

       (Croatia
      Croatia
      Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...

      )

  • Central
    Central Europe
    Central Europe or alternatively Middle Europe is a region of the European continent lying between the variously defined areas of Eastern and Western Europe...

     and Eastern Europe
    Eastern Europe
    Eastern Europe is the eastern part of Europe. The term has widely disparate geopolitical, geographical, cultural and socioeconomic readings, which makes it highly context-dependent and even volatile, and there are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region"...

    • Divje Babe
      Divje Babe
      The Divje Babe flute is a cave bear femur pierced by spaced holes that was found at the Divje Babe archeological park located near Cerkno in northwestern Slovenia. It has been suggested that it is the world's oldest known musical instrument, but this is in dispute...

       (Slovenia
      Slovenia
      Slovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in Central and Southeastern Europe touching the Alps and bordering the Mediterranean. Slovenia borders Italy to the west, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north, and also has a small portion of...

      ) Classic Neanderthals
    • Gánovce
      Gánovce
      Gánovce is a village in the Poprad District of the Prešov Region in northern Slovakia, situated 3 km south-east from the town of Poprad.-History:Gánovce was mentioned for the first time in written records in 1317 as "villa Ganau"...

       (Slovakia
      Slovakia
      The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...

      ) Protoneanderthals
    • Kůlna
      Kulna
      Kulna is a village in Keila Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia....

       (Czech Republic
      Czech Republic
      The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Mezmaiskaya Cave
      Mezmaiskaya cave
      Mezmaiskaya Cave is a cave at 44° 10' N 40° 00' E overlooking the right bank of the Sukhoi Kurdzhips in the southern Russian Republic of Adygea, located in the northwestern foothills of the Caucasus Mountains. Preliminary excavations recovered Mousterian artefacts, dated to about 35,000 B.P. and...

       (Russia) Classic Neanderthals
    • Ochoz (Slovakia
      Slovakia
      The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Šaľa
      Sala
      - Geography :* Sala Municipality, Sweden - a municipality in Sweden* Sala, Sweden - a city in Sweden, seat of Sala Municipality* Sala municipality, Latvia - a municipality in Latvia* Sala, Latvia - a village in Latvia, an administrative centre of Sala municipality...

       (Slovakia
      Slovakia
      The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Šipka
      Šipka (cave)
      Šipka is a cave located near Štramberk, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic, 440 m above sea level. In 1880, a mandible of a Neanderthal child was found there. The age of the child has been estimated to be between 9 and 10 years....

       (Czech Republic
      Czech Republic
      The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Staroselje (Ukraine
      Ukraine
      Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Kiik-Koba (Ukraine
      Ukraine
      Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...

      ) Transition Neanderthals

  • Southwest Asia
    • Amud (Israel
      Israel
      The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Behistun (Iran
      Iran
      Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Darra-e Kur
      Darra-e Kur
      Darra-e Kūr or Bābā Darwīsh, is an archaeological sites in Badakhshan province in Afghanistan. It's situated just northeast of Kalafgān near the village of Chinār-i Gunjus Khān 63 km east of Taloqan, on the road to Faizabad. The cave is high up on the side of the valley near the hamlet of Bābā...

       (Badakhshan
      Badakhshan Province
      Badakhshan is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, consisting of 28 districts. It is located in the north-east of the country, between the Hindu Kush and the Amu Darya. It is part of the Badakhshan region.-Geography:...

      , Afghanistan
      Afghanistan
      Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Dederiyeh (Syria
      Syria
      Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....

      ) Classic Neanderthals
    • Douara Cave (Syria
      Syria
      Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....

      ) Classic Neanderthals
    • Galilea (Israel
      Israel
      The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Jagca Koy (Turkey
      Turkey
      Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Kebara
      Kebara Cave
      Kebara Cave is an Israeli limestone cave locality of the Wadi Kebara, situated at 60 - 65 metres ASL on the western escarpment of the Carmel Range, some 10km north-east of Caesarea...

       (Israel
      Israel
      The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...

      ) Classic Neanderthals
    • Mugharet et-Skhul
      Es Skhul
      Es Skhul is a cave site situated c. 20 kilometers south of the city of Haifa, Israel, and c. 3 kilometers from the Mediterranean Sea. The prehistoric site, was first excavated by Dorothy Garrod in the summer of 1928...

       (Israel
      Israel
      The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Mugharet ez-Zuttiyeh (Israel
      Israel
      The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...

      )
    • Shanidar
      Shanidar
      Shanidar Cave is an archaeological site in the Zagros Mountains in Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The site is located in the valley of the Great Zab...

       (Iraq
      Iraq
      Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Tabun
      Tabun, Israel
      The Tabun Cave is an excavated cave located at Mount Carmel, Israel, which was occupied intermittently during the Lower and Middle Paleolithic ages . In the course of this period of time, deposits of sand, silt and clay of up to 25 meters accumulated in the cave...

       (Israel
      Israel
      The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...

      ) Protoneanderthals

  • Central Asia
    • Teshik-Tash
      Teshik-Tash
      Teshik-Tash is an archaeological site in Uzbekistan in central Asia. The site includes the remains of a Neanderthal child in association with Ibex horns, which initially were interpreted as remains of a funerary ritual...

       (Uzbekistan
      Uzbekistan
      Uzbekistan , officially the Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia and one of the six independent Turkic states. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south....

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Aman-Kutan (Uzbekistan
      Uzbekistan
      Uzbekistan , officially the Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia and one of the six independent Turkic states. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south....

      ) Transition Neanderthals
    • Okladnikov cave (Siberia
      Siberia
      Siberia is an extensive region constituting almost all of Northern Asia. Comprising the central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, it was part of the Soviet Union from its beginning, as its predecessor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire, conquered it during the 16th...

      )
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