List of monarchs by nickname

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• Cognomen
  Cognomen
  
  The cognomen was originally a middle name of a citizen of Ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. The cognomen started as a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became hereditary ....
  s: Also called cognomina. These are names which are appended before or after the person's name, like the epitheton necessarium
  Epithet
  
  An epithet is a descriptive word or phrase accompanying or occurring in place of the name of a person or thing, which has become a fixed formula....
  , or Roman victory titles. Examples are "William the Conqueror" for William I of England
  William I of England
  
  William I , better known as William the Conqueror , was Duke of Normandy from 1035 and English monarchy from later 1066 to his death. William is sometimes also referred to as "William II" in relation to his position as the second Duke of Normandy of that name....
  , or "Frederick Barbarossa" for Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor.
• Sobriquet
  Sobriquet
  
  A sobriquet is a nickname or a fancy name, usually a familiar name given by others as distinct from a pseudonym assumed as a disguise, but a nickname which is familiar enough such that it can be used in place of a real name without the need of explanation....
  s: Names which have become identified with a particular person, and are recognizable when used instead of the personal name. Some are used only in a particular context: for example, "Grandmother of Europe" for Victoria of the United Kingdom
  Victoria of the United Kingdom
  
  Victoria was from 20 June 1837 the Queen regnant of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and from 1 May 1876 the first Empress of India of the British Raj until her death....
   is generally only used when referring to her family links throughout the royal families
  Royal family
  
  A royal family is the extended family of a king or queen regnant. The term "imperial family" more appropriately describes the extended family of an emperor or empress regnant, while the terms "ducal family", "grand ducal family" or "princely family" are more appropriate in reference to the relatives of a reigning duke, grand duke, or prince....
   of Europe
  Europe
  
  Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
  . On the other hand, in some cases the nickname supersedes the personal name, and the individual is referred to by this nickname even in scholarly works; for example, Roman emperor Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus is universally known by his nickname Caligula
  Caligula
  
  Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus , more commonly known by his nickname Caligula , was the third Roman Emperor, reigning from 16 March 37 until his assassination on 24 January 41....
  .

1. Nicknames are listed in each section alphabetically, ignoring articles and prepositions.
2. Non-English words are rendered in italics
   Italic type
   
   In typography, italic type refers to cursive typefaces based on a stylized form of calligraphic handwriting. The influence from calligraphy can be seen in their usual slight slanting to the right....
   , and translated where possible.
3. When the name and nickname are rendered in a non-English language, the nickname will be in boldface italics
   Italic type
   
   In typography, italic type refers to cursive typefaces based on a stylized form of calligraphic handwriting. The influence from calligraphy can be seen in their usual slight slanting to the right....
   .

Cognomen

A

• "~ the Able":
• Leopold III, Duke of Austria
  Leopold III, Duke of Austria
  
  Duke Leopold III of Austria from the Habsburg family, was Duke of Austria from 1365 to 1379, and duke of Styria and Carinthia in 1365?1386....
  
• Leopold V, Duke of Austria
  Leopold V, Duke of Austria
  
  Leopold V , the Virtuous, was a Babenberg duke of Duchy of Austria from 1177 to 1194 and Duchy of Styria from 1192 to 1194....
  
• "~ the Absolutist": Miguel of Portugal
  Miguel of Portugal
  
  Miguel I was the 30th Kings of Portugal of Portugal and the Algarves between 1828 and 1834, during the Portuguese civil war....
   
• "~ the Accursed": Sviatopolk I of Kiev
  Sviatopolk I of Kiev
  
  Sviatopolk I Vladimirovich was the Kniaz' of Turov and Velikii Kniaz of Kiev whose paternity and guilt in the murder of brothers are disputed....
   (????´????)
• "~ the Adopted": Childebert of Austrasia
  Childebert the Adopted
  
  When King Sigebert III died in 656, Grimoald the Elder had Sigebert's son Dagobert II shorn of hair and packed off to an Ireland monastery and then proclaimed his own son, Childebert the Adopted , king of Austrasia....
  
• "~ the Adventurous": Manuel I of Portugal
  Manuel I of Portugal
  
  Manuel I ; Portuguese language: Manoel I, English language: Emmanuel I), the Fortunate , 14th List of Portuguese monarchs was the son of Infante Fernando, Duke of Viseu, by his wife, Beatriz of Portugal ....
   
• "~ (the) Ætheling" (Old English
  Old English language
  
  Old English is an early form of the English language that was spoken and written in parts of what are now England and south-eastern Scotland between the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century....
  , "Princeling"): Edgar Ætheling of England
  Edgar Ætheling
  
  Edgar ?theling, also known as Edgar the Outlaw was the last male member of the West Saxon royal house of Cerdic of Wessex....
   (Old English Eadgar Æþeling)
• "~ the Affable": Charles VIII of France
  Charles VIII of France
  
  Charles VIII, called the Affable, , was List of French monarchs from 1483 to his death. Charles was a member of the House of Valois. His invasion of Italy initiated the long series of Italian Wars which characterized the first half of the 16th century....
  (l'Affable)
• "~ the African": Afonso V of Portugal
  Afonso V of Portugal
  
  Afonso V , or Affonso , the African , was the 12th Algarve#History .He was born in Sintra, the eldest son of King Edward of Portugal by his wife, Infanta Leonor of Aragon ....
  ( or Alfonso o Africano)
• "~ the Ambitious": William of Austria
• "~ the Ancient": Mircea cel Batrân of Wallachia (Old Romanian
  Romanian language
  
  Romanian or Daco-Romanian ; self-designation: limba rom?na, ) is a Romance languages spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova....
  : Mircea cel Batrân)
• "~ the Apostate": Julian, Roman Emperor
  Julian the Apostate
  
  Flavius Claudius Julianus, known also as Julian or Julian the Apostate , was Roman Emperor of the Constantinian dynasty. He was the last non-Christian Roman Emperor, and expended much energy during his reign attempting to supplant the growing power of Christianity within the empire with officially revived Religion in ancient Rom...
  
• "~ the Apostle": Vladimir I of Kiev
  Vladimir I of Kiev
  
  Vladimir Svyatoslavich the Great, also sometimes spelled Volodymyr Old East Slavic: ?????????? ???????????? was the grand prince of Kiev who converted to Christianity in 987, and proceeded to baptism of Kiev....
  
• "~ the Avenger": Alfonso XI of Castile
  Alfonso XI of Castile
  
  Alfonso XI of Castile was the king of Crown of Castile and Kingdom of Le?n, the son of Ferdinand IV of Castile and his wife Constance of Portugal ....
  
• "~ the Astronomer": Alfonso X of Castile
  Alfonso X of Castile
  
  Alfonso X was a Castilian monarch who ruled as the Kingdom of Castile, Kingdom of Le?n and Kingdom of Galicia from 1252 until his death. He also was elected List of German monarchs in 1257, though the Papacy prevented his confirmation....
  (el Astrólogo)

• "~ the Bad":
• Charles II of Navarre
  Charles II of Navarre
  
  Charles II , called "Charles the Bad," was King of Navarre 1349-1387 and Count of ?vreux 1343-1387.Besides the Pyrenees Kingdom of Navarre, he had extensive lands in Normandy, inherited from his father, Count Philip III of Navarre, and his mother, Queen Joan II of Navarre, who had received them as compensation for resigning her claims...
  (le Mauvais)
• Sigurd Magnusson, pretender of Norway
  Sigurd Slembe
  
  Sigurd Magnusson Slembe, or Slembedjakn was a Norway pretender to the throne. slembi in Old Norse language meant something like "noisy", slembidj?kn = "the noisy priest"....
  (Old Norse: Sigurd Slembe or Sigurd Slembedjakn)
• William I of Sicily
  William I of Sicily
  
  William I , called the Bad or the Wicked, was the second king of Sicily, ruling from his father's death in 1154 to his own. He was the fourth son of Roger II of Sicily and Elvira of Castile ....
  (il Malo)
• "~ the Bald":
• Charles II of France
  Charles the Bald
  
  File:Charles le Chauve denier Bourges after 848.jpgCharles the Bald , Holy Roman Emperor and King of West Francia , was the youngest son of the Emperor Louis the Pious by his second wife Judith, daughter of Welf....
  (le Chauve)
• Baldwin II, Count of Flanders
  Baldwin II, Count of Flanders
  
  Baldwin II , nicknamed Calvus was the second count of Flanders. He was also hereditary abbot of St. Bertin from 892 till his death. He was the son of Baldwin I of Flanders and Judith of Flanders, a daughter of Charles the Bald....
  (de Kale; Calvus)
• Idwal ab Anarawd of Gwynedd
  Idwal Foel
  
  Idwal Foel ap Anarawd was a King of Kingdom of Gwynedd, referred to as King of the Britons by William of Malmesbury, in whose Gesta Regum Anglorum his name is spelled Judwalum in the original Latin language ....
  (Foel)
• "~ Barbe-torte" (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
  , "Crooked-beard"): Alan II, Duke of Brittany
  Alan II, Duke of Brittany
  
  Alan II , nicknamed Wrybeard and also known as Le Renard "The Fox", was Count of Vannes, Count of Poher, and Count of Nantes, and Duke of Brittany from 938 to his death....
  (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
   Alain Barbe-torte)
• "~ Barbarossa" : Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
  Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
  
  Frederick I Barbarossa was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt am Main on 4 March 1152 and crowned in Aachen on 9 March, crowned King of Italy in Pavia in 1154, and finally crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV on 18 June 1155....
  (Barbarossa)
• "~ Barefoot" or "~ Bareleg": Magnus III of Norway
  Magnus III of Norway
  
  Magnus Barefoot son of Olaf III of Norway and grandson of Harald Hardrada, was kings of Norway from 1093 until 1103 and King of Mann and the Isles from 1099 until 1102....
  (Old Norse: Magnus Barfot)
• "~ Barn-Lock": Magnus I of Sweden
  Magnus I of Sweden
  
  Magnus I of Sweden may refer to:* Magnus I of Gothenland, also called Magnus the Strong, who was first Magnus to be king in Sweden but was regarded as usurper by later kinglists....
   (Ladulås)
• "~ the Bastard": William I of England
  William I of England
  
  William I , better known as William the Conqueror , was Duke of Normandy from 1035 and English monarchy from later 1066 to his death. William is sometimes also referred to as "William II" in relation to his position as the second Duke of Normandy of that name....
   (le Bâtard; Old English: Wyllelm or Willelm bastard)
• "~ the Battler": Alfonso I of Aragon (el Batallador)
• "~ the Bearded": Geoffrey III of Anjou
  Geoffrey III of Anjou
  
  Geoffrey III of Anjou, called le Barbu , count of Anjou was the eldest son of Ermengarde of Anjou, the daughter of Fulk III of Anjou, and of the count of G?tinais....
  (le Barbu)
• "~ Beauclerk" or "~ Beauclerc" (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
  , "Good Clerk"): Henry I of England
  Henry I of England
  
  Henry I was the fourth son of William I the Conqueror. He succeeded his elder brother William II of England as King of England in 1100 and defeated his eldest brother, Robert Curthose, to become Duke of Normandy in 1106....
  (Beauclerc)
• "~ Beer-Jug": John George I, Elector of Saxony
  John George I, Elector of Saxony
  
  John George I was Elector of Saxony from 1611 to 1656....
  
• "~ the Bewitched": Charles II of Spain
  Charles II of Spain
  
  Charles II , was the last Habsburg Spain of Spain and the ruler of nearly all of Italy , the Spanish territories in the Southern Low Countries, and Spanish empire, stretching from Mexico to the Philippines....
  (el Hechizado)
• "~ the Big Nest": Vsevolod III Yuriyevich of Vladimir (??????´? ??????´)
• "~ the Black Prince": Edward, the Black Prince
  Edward, the Black Prince
  
  Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales, Order of the Garter , popularly known as The Black Prince, was the eldest son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault, and father to King Richard II of England....
  
• "~ the Black":
• Leszek II the Black
  Leszek II the Black
  
  Leszek the Black was one of the dukes of fragmentation of Poland. He ruled from 1279 to 1288. During his government there was a third Mongol raid against Poland in 1287....
  (Czarny)
• Conan IV, Duke of Brittany
  Conan IV, Duke of Brittany
  
  Conan IV of Penthi?vre , called "the Young", was duke of Brittany, from 1156 to his death. He was son of Alan de Bretagne, 1st Earl of Richmond and Bertha of Brittany....
  
• Fulk III of Anjou
  Fulk III of Anjou
  
  Fulk III , called Nerra after his death, was List of Counts and Dukes of Anjou from 21 July 987 to his death. He was the son of Geoffrey I of Anjou and Adele of Meaux....
  (Nerra)
• "~ the Blind":
• Boleslav III of Bohemia (Slepý)
• Béla II of Hungary
  Béla II of Hungary
  
  B?la II the Blind , , King of Hungary . Still as a child, B?la was blinded by his uncle, King Coloman who wanted to ensure the succession of his own son, the future King Stephen II....
  (Vak Béla)
• Magnus IV of Norway
  Magnus IV of Norway
  
  Magnus IV , also known as Magnus the Blind and Magnus Sigurdsson, was king of Norway from 1130 to 1135 and again from 1137 to 1139....
   (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Magnus Blinde)
• Stefan Brankovic of Serbia (?????)
• Vasili II Vasiliyevich of Russia
  Vasili II of Russia
  
  Vasily II Vasiliyevich Tyomniy was the Grand Duchy of Moscow whose long reign was plagued by the greatest civil war of Old Russian history....
   (??????)
• "~ the Blond" or "Yellow ~": Selim II of the Ottoman Empire
  Selim II
  
  Selim II Sarkhosh , also known as "Selim the Sot ", was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1566 until his death. He was a son of Suleiman the Magnificent and his fourth and favourite wife Valide Sultan H?rrem Sultan, :tr:H?rrem Sultan, originally named Roxelana, a Ruthenians....
   ('Sari Sultân Selim)
• "~ Bloodaxe": Eric I of Norway (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Eiríkr Blóðöx)
• "~ the Bloodthirsty": Ismail of Morocco
• "Bloody ~": Mary I of England
  Mary I of England
  
  Mary I , was Queen of England and Monarchy of Ireland from 19 July 1553 until her death. The fourth crowned monarch of the Tudor dynasty, she is remembered for restoring England to Roman Catholicism after succeeding her short-lived half brother, Edward VI of England, to the English throne....
  
• "~ the Bloody": Nicholas II of Russia
  Nicholas II of Russia
  
  Nicholas II was the last Tsar of Russian Empire, Grand Prince of Finland, and claimant to the title of King of Poland. His official title was Nicholas II, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias and he is currently regarded as Saint Nicholas the Passion Bearer by the Russian Orthodox Church....
   (????????)
• "~ Bluetooth": Harold I of Denmark (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Haraldr blátönn)
• "~ the Bold":
• Boleslaw II of Poland (Smialy)
• Charles the Bold (le Téméraire), duke of Burgundy
• Philip the Bold
  Philip the Bold
  
  Philip the Bold can refer to:* Philip the Bold, also known as Philip II Duke of Burgundy * Philip III of France ...
  (le Hardi)
• Philip III of France
  Philip III of France
  
  Philip III , called the Bold , was the List of French monarchs, succeeding his father, Louis IX of France, and reigning from 1270 to 1285....
  (le Hardi)
• "~ the Bolognian": Afonso III of Portugal
  Afonso III of Portugal
  
  Afonso III , or Affonso , Alfonso or Alphonso or Alphonsus , the Bolognian or the Brave , the fifth List of Portuguese monarchs and the first to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve, since 1249....
  (o Bolonhês)
• "~ the Bookish": Coloman of Hungary
  Coloman of Hungary
  
  Coloman I the Book-lover , also spelled Koloman , King of Hungary . Although Coloman was their father's elder son, during his reign, Coloman had to fight against his brother, Prince ?lmos who permanently disputed his right to the crown because Coloman probably had a physical deformity....
  ('Könyves Kálmán)
• "~ the Brash": Olof of Denmark
  Olof the Brash
  
  Olaf, according to the Denmark king Sweyn Estridson and Adam of Bremen, was a Sweden chieftain who conquered Denmark in the late 9th century or early 10th century and founded the House of Olaf....
  
• "~ the Brave":
• Afonso III of Portugal
  Afonso III of Portugal
  
  Afonso III , or Affonso , Alfonso or Alphonso or Alphonsus , the Bolognian or the Brave , the fifth List of Portuguese monarchs and the first to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve, since 1249....
   (o Bravo)
• Afonso IV of Portugal
  Afonso IV of Portugal
  
  Afonso IV , called the Brave , was the seventh List of Portuguese monarchs from 1325 until his death. He was the only legitimate son of Dinis of Portugal by his wife Elizabeth of Aragon....
   (o Bravo)
• Boleslaw I of Poland
  Boleslaw I of Poland
  
  Boleslaw I the Brave , in the past also known as Boleslaw I the Great , ruled as Duke of Poland from 992-1025 and as the first King of Poland in 1025....
   (Chrobry)
• Dan II of Wallachia
  Dan II of Wallachia
  
  Dan II was a voivode of the principality of Wallachia in the 15th Century, ruling an extraordinary five times, and succeeded four times by Radu II Chelul, his rival for the throne....
   (Viteazul)
• Michael of Wallachia and Moldavia
  Michael the Brave
  
  Michael the Brave was the Prince of Wallachia , of Transylvania , and of Moldavia , the three Romanian principalities that he united under his rule....
   (Viteazul)
• Selim I of the Ottoman Empire
  Selim I
  
  Selim I also known as "the Grim" or "the Brave", or the best translation "the Stern", Yavuz in Turkish language, the long name is Yavuz Sultan Selim; October 10 1465/1466/1470 September 22, 1520) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520....
   ('Yavuz Sultan Selim)
• "~ the Broad-shouldered": Haakon II of Norway
  Haakon II of Norway
  
  Haakon II Sigurdsson , king of Norway from 1157 until 1162....
  (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Hákon Herdebrei)
• "~ Broom-plant": Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou
  Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou
  
  Geoffrey V , called the Handsome and Plantagenet, was the Count of Anjou, Count of Tours, and Count of Maine by inheritance from 1129 and then Duke of Normandy by conquest from 1144....
   (Plantagenet)
• "~ Builder": David IV of Georgia
  David IV of Georgia
  
  David IV, also known as David II or David III, or David the Builder , from the House of Bagrationi, was List of the Kings of Georgia of Georgia from 1089 to 1125....
   (????????????)
• "~ Bulgar-Slayer": Basil II, Byzantine Emperor
  Basil II
  
  Basil II, surnamed the Bulgar-slayer , also known as Basil the Porphyrogenitus and Basil the Young to distinguish him from Basil I the Macedonian, was a Byzantine emperor from the Macedonian dynasty who reigned from January 10 976 to December 15, 1025....
   (?????a???t????)
• "~ the Burgundian": Afonso III of Portugal
  Afonso III of Portugal
  
  Afonso III , or Affonso , Alfonso or Alphonso or Alphonsus , the Bolognian or the Brave , the fifth List of Portuguese monarchs and the first to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve, since 1249....
  

C

• "~ the Cabbage": Ivailo of Bulgaria (??????)
• "~ the Careless": John I of Aragon
  John I of Aragon
  
  John I , called by posterity the Hunter or the Lover of Elegance , but the Abandoned in his lifetime, was the King of Aragon from 1387 to his death....
   (el Descurat)
• "~ the Candid": Alfonso III of Aragon
  Alfonso III of Aragon
  
  File:Alfonso III of Aragon.jpgAlfonso III , called the Liberal or the Free , was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1285....
   (el Franc; el Franco)
• "~ the Catholic":
• Alfonso I of Asturias
  Alfonso I of Asturias
  
  Alfonso I , called the Catholic , was the King of Asturias from 739 to his death in 757....
   (el Católico
• Ferdinand II of Aragon
  Ferdinand II of Aragon
  
  Ferdinand the Catholic was king of Aragon , Sicily , Naples , Valencia , Sardinia and Navarre, Count of Barcelona, de jure uxoris King of Crown of Castile and then Regent of that country also from 1508 to his death, in the name of his mentally unstable daughter Joanna the Mad....
   (el Católico, )
• Peter II of Aragon
  Peter II of Aragon
  
  File:Pere II diner 1196 755909.jpgPeter II the Catholic was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1196 to 1213.He was the son of Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile....
   (el Catòlic)
• "~ the Caulker": Michael V, Byzantine Emperor
  Michael V
  
  Michael V "the Caulker" or Kalaphates , , was Byzantine emperor for 4 months in 1041–1042, as the nephew and successor of Michael IV the Paphlagonian and the adoptive son of his wife, the Zoe ....
   (?a?af?t??)
• "~ the Ceremonious": Peter IV of Aragon
  Peter IV of Aragon
  
  Peter IV, also known as Pedro or Pere , called the Ceremonious or El del Punyalet , was the King of Aragon, King of Sardinia , King of Valencia , and Count of Barcelona from 1336 until his death....
   (el Ceremonioso, el Cerimoniós)
• "~ the Chansonnier": Theobald I of Navarre/Theobald IV of Champagne
  Theobald I of Navarre
  
  Theobald I , called the Troubadour, the Chansonnier, and the Posthumous, was Count of Champagne from birth and King of Navarre from 1234....
   (le Chansonnier; el Trovador)
• "~ the Chaste":
• Alfonso II of Aragon
  Alfonso II of Aragon
  
  File:Alfonso II de Arag?n from Liber feudorum maior.jpgAlfonso II or Alfons I , called the Chaste or the Troubadour, was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1162 until his death....
   (el Cast; el Casto; le Chaste)
• Alfonso II of Asturias
  Alfonso II of Asturias
  
  Alfonso II , called the Chaste, was the king of Asturias from 791 to his death, the son of Fruela I of Asturias and the Basque people Munia....
   (Spanish
  Spanish language
  
  Spanish or Castilian is a Romance languages that originated in northern Spain, and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade....
  : Alfonso el Casto)
• Boleslaw V the Chaste
  Boleslaw V the Chaste
  
  Boleslaw V the Chaste or the Shy was the son of Leszek the White. Several years after the death of Henry the Pious at the battle of Legnica , he became prince in Krak?w, and thus the predominant prince in fragmented Poland....
  (Wstydliwy)
• "~ the Clubfoot": Sverker I of Sweden
  Sverker I of Sweden
  
  Sverker I Kolson or Sverker the Elder was a Monarch of Sweden c. 1130–1156....
  (Klumpfot)
• "~ Coal-Burner": Anund Jacob of Sweden
  Anund Jacob of Sweden
  
  Anund Jakob was King of Sweden 1022-c.1050. He is believed to have been born in 25th of July c. 1008 or 1010 as Jakob. When the Swedish counsel, the thing , was to elect him the co-ruler of Sweden, the people objected to his non-Scandinavian name....
  (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Emund Kolbränna)
• "~ the Confessor": Edward the Confessor
  Edward the Confessor
  
  Saint Edward the Confessor , son of Ethelred the Unready and Emma of Normandy, was the penultimate Anglo-Saxons List of the monarchs of the Kingdom of England and the last of the House of Wessex, ruling from 1042 until his death....
   (of England
  Kingdom of England
  
  The Kingdom of England was, from 927 to 1707, a state in North-West Europe. The Kingdom of England spanned the southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain and a number of smaller outlying islands?what is today the legal unit of England and Wales....
  )
• "~ the Conqueror":
• Afonso I of Portugal
  Afonso I of Portugal
  
  Afonso I , or also Affonso , Alfonso or Alphonso or Alphonsus , sometimes rendered in English language as Alphonzo or Alphonse, depending on the Spanish or French influence, more commonly known as Afonso Henriques , nicknamed the Conqueror , was the first List of Portuguese monarchs, achieving its independen...
   (Portuguese
  Portuguese language
  
  Portuguese is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia and Portugal. It is derived from the Latin language spoken by the Romanization Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula around 2000 years ago....
   Affonso o Conquistador)
• James I of Aragon
  James I of Aragon
  
  File:Jaume I Palma.jpgJames I the Conqueror was the Kings of Aragon, Count of Barcelona, and Lord of Montpellier from 1213 to 1276. His long reign saw the expansion of the Crown of Aragon to the south and into and across the Mediterranean as far as Naples: into Kingdom of Valencia to the south and the Balearic Islands, Sicily and the Kingd...
  (el Conqueridor; el Conquistador)
• Mehmed II of The Ottoman Empire
  Mehmed II
  
  Mehmed II , was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire for a short time from 1444 to September 1446, and later from February 1451 to 1481. At the age of 21, he Fall of Constantinople, bringing an end to the medieval Byzantine Empire....
  (Ottoman Turkish
  Ottoman Turkish language
  
  Ottoman Turkish is the variety of the Turkish language that was used as the administrative and literary language of the Ottoman Empire. It contains extensive borrowings from Arabic language and Persian language languages and was written in a variant of the Arabic script....
  : Mehmed el-Fatih)
• William I of England
  William I of England
  
  William I , better known as William the Conqueror , was Duke of Normandy from 1035 and English monarchy from later 1066 to his death. William is sometimes also referred to as "William II" in relation to his position as the second Duke of Normandy of that name....
   (Old English
  Old English language
  
  Old English is an early form of the English language that was spoken and written in parts of what are now England and south-eastern Scotland between the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century....
  : Wilhelm se Gehiersumiend; le Conquereur)
• Valdemar II of Denmark
  Valdemar II of Denmark
  
  Valdemar II , called Valdemar the Conqueror or Valdemar the Victorious , was the King of Denmark from November 12, 1202 until his death in 1241....
  (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
   Valdemar Sejr)
• "~ Corvinus" (from Latin "like a raven"): Matthias Corvinus of Hungary
  Matthias Corvinus of Hungary
  
  Matthias I was Kings of Hungary of Kingdom of Hungary ....
   ('Corvinus Mátyás; Corvin)
• "Crazy ~": Otto of Bavaria
  Otto of Bavaria
  
  Otto I of Bavaria , was King of Bavaria from 1886 to 1913. He was the son of Maximilian II of Bavaria and his wife, Marie of Prussia, and younger brother of Ludwig II of Bavaria....
  
• "~ the Crosseyed": Vasili Kosoi, Muscovian usurper (?????)
• "~ Crouchback":
• Inge I of Norway
  Inge I of Norway
  
  Inge Haraldsson, old Norse language Ingi Haraldsson was king of Norway from 1136 to 1161. Inge?s reign fell within the start of the period known in Norwegian history as the civil war era in Norway....
  (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Inge Krokrygg)
• Richard III of England
  Richard III of England
  
  Richard III was List of the monarchs of the Kingdom of England of Kingdom of England from 1483 until his death. He was the last king from the House of York, and his defeat at the Battle of Bosworth Field marked the culmination of the Wars of the Roses and the end of the Plantagenet dynasty....
  
• "~ the Cruel":
• Boleslaus I of Bohemia
  Boleslaus I of Bohemia
  
  Boleslaus I the Cruel, also called Boleslav I , was the prince of Bohemia from 929 or 935 to his death. His father was Vratislaus I of Bohemia....
   (Ukrutný)
• Louis XI of France
  Louis XI of France
  
  Louis XI , called the Prudent and the Universal Spider or the Spider King, was the List of French monarchs from 1461 to 1483....
  
• Peter I of Portugal
  Peter I of Portugal
  
  Peter I , called the Just , was the eighth List of Portuguese monarchs from 1357 until his death. He was the third but only surviving son of Afonso IV of Portugal and his wife, princess Beatrice of Castile ....
   (o Cruel)
• 'Peter of Castile (el Cruel)
• "~ the Crusader": Sigurd I of Norway
  Sigurd I of Norway
  
  Sigurd I Magnusson , also known as Sigurd Jorsalfare was king of Norway from 1103 to 1130. He initially shared the throne with his brothers Eystein I of Norway and Olav Magnusson, but ruled alone from 1123....
   (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Sigurd Jorsalfare)
• "~ the Curly" Boleslaw IV the Curly
  Boleslaw IV the Curly
  
  Boleslaw IV the Curly was a Duke of Masovia since 1138 and High Duke of Poland from 1146 until his death.He was the third son of Boleslaw III Wrymouth, Duke of Poland by his second wife Salome von Berg-Schelklingen, daughter of Henry, Count of Berg-Schelklingen....
  (Kedzierzawy)
• "~ Curthose" (Middle English
  Middle English
  
  Middle English is the name given by historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman conquest of England of 1066 and about 1470, when the #Chancery Standard, a form of London-based English, began to become widespread, a process aided by the introduction of the printing press into England by William...
  , "short stockings"): Robert II, Duke of Normandy
  Robert II, Duke of Normandy
  
  Robert the Magnificent , also called Robert the Devil and Robert I or II, was the Duke of Normandy from 1027 until his death. He was the son of Richard II, Duke of Normandy and Judith of Brittany, daughter of Conan I of Rennes....
  
• "~ Curtmantle" (Middle English
  Middle English
  
  Middle English is the name given by historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman conquest of England of 1066 and about 1470, when the #Chancery Standard, a form of London-based English, began to become widespread, a process aided by the introduction of the printing press into England by William...
  , "short cloak"): Henry II of England
  Henry II of England
  
  Henry II, called Curtmantle ruled as King of England , Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, Lord of Ireland and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland and western France....
  

• "~ the Damned" or "~ the Accursed": Sviatopolk I of Kiev
  Sviatopolk I of Kiev
  
  Sviatopolk I Vladimirovich was the Kniaz' of Turov and Velikii Kniaz of Kiev whose paternity and guilt in the murder of brothers are disputed....
  (????????; ????????)
• "~ the Deacon": Bermudo I of Asturias
  Bermudo I of Asturias
  
  Bermudo I , called the Deacon or the Monk, was the King of Asturias from 788 or 789 until his abdication in 791. He was a son of Fruela, brother of Alfonso I of Asturias, and a brother of Aurelius of Asturias....
  (Asturian
  Asturian language
  
  Asturian is a Romance language of the West Iberian languages, Astur-Leonese language, spoken in the Spain province of Asturias by the Asturian people....
  : Bermudo el Diáconu; el Diácono)
• "~ the Debonaire": Louis I of France
  Louis the Pious
  
  Louis the Pious , also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was the King of Aquitaine from 781 and Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks with his father, Charlemagne, from 813....
   (le Débonnaire)
• "~ the Deed-Doer": Edmund I of England
  Edmund I of England
  
  Edmund I , called the Elder, the Deed-Doer, the Just or the Magnificent, was King of England from 939 until his death. He was a son of Edward the Elder and half-brother of Athelstan of England....
  
• "~ the Devil":
• Robert II, Duke of Normandy
  Robert II, Duke of Normandy
  
  Robert the Magnificent , also called Robert the Devil and Robert I or II, was the Duke of Normandy from 1027 until his death. He was the son of Richard II, Duke of Normandy and Judith of Brittany, daughter of Conan I of Rennes....
  (le Diable)
• Vlad II of Wallachia
  Vlad II Dracul
  
  Vlad II , known as Vlad Dracul , was a voivode of Wallachia. He reigned from 1436 to 1442, and again from 1443 to 1447. He was the father of Mircea II, Vlad Calugarul, Vlad Tepes, and Radu cel Frumos....
   (Dracul)
• "~ Do-Nothing", "~ the Indolent" or "~ the Sluggard": Louis V of France
  Louis V of France
  
  Louis V , called the Indolent or the Sluggard , was the King of West Francia from 986 until his early death. The son of Lothair of France and his wife Emma of Italy, a daughter of Lothair II of Italy, he was the last Carolingian monarch....
   (le Fainéant)
• "~ Dracul" (Romanian
  Romanian language
  
  Romanian or Daco-Romanian ; self-designation: limba rom?na, ) is a Romance languages spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova....
  , "The Devil" or "The Dragon"): Vlad II of Wallachia
  Vlad II Dracul
  
  Vlad II , known as Vlad Dracul , was a voivode of Wallachia. He reigned from 1436 to 1442, and again from 1443 to 1447. He was the father of Mircea II, Vlad Calugarul, Vlad Tepes, and Radu cel Frumos....
   (Dracul)
• "~ Dracula" (Romanian
  Romanian language
  
  Romanian or Daco-Romanian ; self-designation: limba rom?na, ) is a Romance languages spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova....
  , "Son of the Devil" or "Son of the Dragon"): Vlad III of Wallachia
  Vlad III the Impaler
  
  Vlad III, Prince of Wallachia, more commonly known as Vlad the Impaler , also known as Vlad Dracula, or simply Dracula , was a Wallachian voivode....
  
• "~ the Drunkard":
• Michael III, Byzantine Emperor
  Michael III
  
  Michael III the Drunkard , , Byzantine Emperor from 842 to 867. Michael III was the third and traditionally last member of the Phrygian Dynasty....
   (? ????s??)
• Selim II, Ottoman Emperor
  Selim II
  
  Selim II Sarkhosh , also known as "Selim the Sot ", was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1566 until his death. He was a son of Suleiman the Magnificent and his fourth and favourite wife Valide Sultan H?rrem Sultan, :tr:H?rrem Sultan, originally named Roxelana, a Ruthenians....
   (Sarhos)
• Wenceslaus, King of the Romans
  Wenceslaus, King of the Romans
  
  Wenceslaus , was, by election, List of German monarchs from 1376 and, by inheritance, List of rulers of Bohemia from 1378. He was the third Bohemian and second German monarch of the House of Luxembourg....
   (der Säufer; Opilec)
• "~ the Dung-Named": Constantine V, Byzantine Emperor
  Constantine V
  
  Constantine V was List of Byzantine Emperors from 741 to 775; ); ....
   (?' ??p????µ??)

E

• "~ the Ecclesiastic" or "~ the Priest": Martin I of Aragon
  Martin I of Aragon
  
  Martin of Aragon , called the Elder, the Humane, the Ecclesiastic, was the King of Aragon, King of Valencia, King of Sardinia, and Medieval Corsica and Count of Barcelona from 1396 and King of Sicily from 1409 ....
   (l'Eclesiàstic; Spanish
  Spanish language
  
  Spanish or Castilian is a Romance languages that originated in northern Spain, and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade....
  : "Martín el Eclesiástico" o "el Cura")
• "~ the Elder":
• Eadweard I of England
  Edward the Elder
  
  Edward the Elder was Kingdom of England . He was the son of Alfred the Great and Alfred's wife, Ealhswith, and became King upon his father's death in 899....
   (Old English
  Old English language
  
  Old English is an early form of the English language that was spoken and written in parts of what are now England and south-eastern Scotland between the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century....
  : Eadweard se Ieldra?)
• Inge I of Sweden
  Inge I of Sweden
  
  Inge Stenkilsson was a king of Sweden. He was the son of the former king Stenkil and died c. 1100.He shared the rule of the kingdom with his probably elder brother Halsten Stenkilsson, but little is known with certainty of Inge's reign....
  
• Martin I of Aragon
  Martin I of Aragon
  
  Martin of Aragon , called the Elder, the Humane, the Ecclesiastic, was the King of Aragon, King of Valencia, King of Sardinia, and Medieval Corsica and Count of Barcelona from 1396 and King of Sicily from 1409 ....
  
• Mircea I of Wallachia
  Mircea I of Wallachia
  
  Mircea the Elder was one of the most important rulers of Wallachia. The byname "elder" was given to him after his death in order to distinguish him from his grandson Mircea II ....
  (cel Batran)
• Sverker I of Sweden
  Sverker I of Sweden
  
  Sverker I Kolson or Sverker the Elder was a Monarch of Sweden c. 1130–1156....
  (den äldre)
• "~ the Eloquent": Edward of Portugal
  Edward of Portugal
  
  Edward, ; Viseu, , called the Philosopher or the Eloquent, was the eleventh List of Portuguese monarchs and second Lord of Ceuta from 1433 until his death....
  (o Eloquente)
• "Empress ~": Matilda of England
  Empress Matilda
  
  Empress Matilda, also known as Matilda of England or Maude was the daughter and heir of King Henry I of England. Matilda and her younger brother, William Adelin, were the only legitimate children of King Henry....
  
• "~ Epiphanes": several Hellenistic kings, including
• Ptolemy V Epiphanes
  Ptolemy V Epiphanes
  
  Ptolemy V Epiphanes , son of Ptolemy IV of Egypt and Arsinoe III of Egypt, was the 5th ruler of the Ptolemaic dynasty. He became ruler at the age of five, and under a series of regents the kingdom was paralyzed....
   
• "~ Euergetes": several Hellenistic kings, including
• Ptolemy III Euergetes
  Ptolemy III Euergetes
  
  Ptolemy III Euergetes, was the third ruler of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt. He was the eldest son of Ptolemy II Philadelphus and his first wife, Arsinoe I, and came to power in 246 BCE upon the death of his father....
   
• Ptolemy VIII Physcon
  Ptolemy VIII Physcon
  
  Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II , nicknamed , Ph?skon, Physcon for his obesity, was a king of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt. His complicated career started in 170 BC, when Antiochus IV Epiphanes invaded Egypt, captured his brother Ptolemy VI Philometor and let him continue as a puppet monarch....
   
• "~ Eupator" : Ptolemy Eupator
  Ptolemy Eupator
  
  Ptolemy Eupator was for a short time in 152 BC joint ruler with his father Ptolemy VI Philometor. It is thought that Ptolemy Eupator died that same year....
  
• "~ the Executioner": Mehmed I of the Ottoman Empire
  Mehmed I
  
  Mehmed I ?elebi was a Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1413 to 1421....
  (Kirisçi)
• "~ the Exile": Wladyslaw II the Exile
  Wladyslaw II the Exile
  
  Wladyslaw II the Exile, was a High Duke of Poland and Duke of Silesia from 1138 until 1146.He was the eldest son of Boleslaw III Wrymouth by his first wife Zbyslava of Kiev, daughter of Sviatopolk II of Kiev....
   (Wygnaniec')

• "~ the Fair":
• Charles IV of France
  Charles IV of France
  
  Charles IV , was the List of French monarchs and List of Navarrese monarchs and Count of Champagne from 1322 to his death: he was the last French king of the House of Capet....
  (le Bel)
• Donald III of Scotland
  Donald III of Scotland
  
  Domnall mac Donnchada , anglicisation as Donald III, and nicknamed Domnall B?n, "Donald the Fair" , was King of Scots from 1094?1097....
  (Scots Gaelic: Domnall Bán)
• Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou
  Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou
  
  Geoffrey V , called the Handsome and Plantagenet, was the Count of Anjou, Count of Tours, and Count of Maine by inheritance from 1129 and then Duke of Normandy by conquest from 1144....
   (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
   Geoffroy le Bel)
• Louis I of France
  Louis the Pious
  
  Louis the Pious , also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was the King of Aquitaine from 781 and Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks with his father, Charlemagne, from 813....
  
• Philip IV of France
  Philip IV of France
  
  Philip IV , called the Fair , son and successor of Philip III of France, reigned as List of French monarchs from 1285 until his death. He was the husband of Joan I of Navarre, by virtue of which he was List of Navarrese royal consorts and Counts of Champagne from 1284 to 1305....
  (le Bel)
• "~ Fairhair": Harald I of Norway
  Harald I of Norway
  
  Harald Fairhair or Harald Finehair , was the first king of Norway.Little is known of the historical Harald. The only contemporary sources mentioning him are the two skaldic poems Haraldskv??i and Glymdr?pa, by ?orbj?rn Hornklofi....
  (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Haraldr hinn hárfagri)
• "~ the Fair Sun": Vladimir I of Kiev
  Vladimir I of Kiev
  
  Vladimir Svyatoslavich the Great, also sometimes spelled Volodymyr Old East Slavic: ?????????? ???????????? was the grand prince of Kiev who converted to Christianity in 987, and proceeded to baptism of Kiev....
   (Ukrainian
  Ukrainian language
  
  Ukrainian is a language of the East Slavic languages of the Slavic languages. It is the official language of Ukraine. In some areas of Russia there are dialects, Balachka or Surzhyk, which are the Ukrainianized versions of the Russian language....
   ????????? ?????? ???????)
• "~ the Farmer": Denis of Portugal
  Denis of Portugal
  
  Denis, Portuguese language: Dinis or Diniz, , called the Farmer King , was the sixth List of Portuguese monarchs. The eldest son of Afonso III of Portugal by his second wife, Beatrice of Castile , Dinis succeeded his father in 1279....
  (Portuguese
  Portuguese language
  
  Portuguese is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia and Portugal. It is derived from the Latin language spoken by the Romanization Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula around 2000 years ago....
   Diniz o Lavrador)
• "~ Fart" (Old Norse, "The Swift"?): Eystein Halfdansson of Romerike and Vestfold
  Eystein Halfdansson
  
  Eystein Halfdansson was the son of Halfdan Hvitbeinn of the House of Yngling according to Heimskringla. He inherited the throne of Romerike and Vestfold....
   (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Eysteinn Fart)
• "~ the Fat":
• Afonso II of Portugal
  Afonso II of Portugal
  
  Afonso II , or Affonso , Alfonso or Alphonso or Alphonsus , nicknamed "the Fat" , third List of Portuguese monarchs, was born in Coimbra on April 23 1185 and died on March 25 1223 in the same city....
  (Portuguese
  Portuguese language
  
  Portuguese is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia and Portugal. It is derived from the Latin language spoken by the Romanization Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula around 2000 years ago....
   Affonso o Gordo)
• Charles III, Holy Roman Emperor
  Charles the Fat
  
  Charles the Fat was the Duke of Swabia from 876, King of Italy from 879, Carolingian Empire from 881, King of Germany from 882, and King of France from 884....
   (le Gros)
• Conan III, Duke of Brittany
  Conan III, Duke of Brittany
  
  Conan III of Cornwall , was duke of Brittany, from 1112 to his death. He was son of Duke Alan IV, Duke of Brittany and Ermengarde of Anjou .Conan III allied himself with Stephen of England in his war against the dispossessed Empress Matilda....
   (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
   Conan III le Gros)
• Henry I of Cyprus
  Henry I of Cyprus
  
  Henry I of Cyprus, nicknamed the Fat, aka Henry of Lusignan or Henri I le Gros de Lusignan was Kingdom of Cyprus from 1218 to 1253....
   (le Gros)
• Henry I of Navarre
  Henry I of Navarre
  
  Henry I the Fat was the Count of Champagne and Brie and List of Navarrese monarchs from 1270. After a brief reign, characterised, it is said, by dignity and talent, he died in July 1274, suffocated, according to the generally received accounts, by his own fat....
   (le Gros; Spanish
  Spanish language
  
  Spanish or Castilian is a Romance languages that originated in northern Spain, and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade....
   Enrique el Gordo)
• Louis VI of France
  Louis VI of France
  
  Louis VI , called the Fat , was List of French monarchs from 1108 until his death . Chronicles called him "roi de Saint-Denis". The first member of the House of Capet to make a lasting contribution to the centralizing institutions of royal power, Louis was born in Paris, the son of Philip I of France and his first wife, Bertha of Hollan...
  (le Gros)
• Sancho I of León
  Sancho I of León
  
  Sancho I, called the Fat , was the son of King Ramiro II of Leon. He succeeded his halfbrother Ordo?o III of Le?n in 956 and reigned until his death, except for a two year interruption from 958 to 960, when Ordo?o IV of Le?n usurped the throne....
  
• "~ the Fearless": John the Fearless (sans Peur)
• "~ First-Crowned": Stefan of Raška (???????????)
• "~ Fitzempress": Henry II of England
  Henry II of England
  
  Henry II, called Curtmantle ruled as King of England , Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, Lord of Ireland and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland and western France....
  
• "~ Flatnose": Ketil of Man
  Ketil Flatnose
  
  Ketil, nicknamed Flatnose, was a Norway hersir of the mid 800s, son of Bjorn Buna. His holdings were in the Nord-Norge part of the country....
  (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Ketil Flatnef)
• "~ Forkbeard": Sweyn I of Denmark
  Sweyn I of Denmark
  
  Sweyn I Forkbeard, in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, in English Sven the Dane, also known as Swegen and Tuck , was king of Denmark and England, as well as parts of Norway....
   (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Svend Tjugeskæg or Svend Tyvskæg; Old English: Sweyn Forcbeard?)
• "~ the Fortunate":
• Manuel I of Portugal
  Manuel I of Portugal
  
  Manuel I ; Portuguese language: Manoel I, English language: Emmanuel I), the Fortunate , 14th List of Portuguese monarchs was the son of Infante Fernando, Duke of Viseu, by his wife, Beatriz of Portugal ....
  (o Venturoso or Manuel o Bem-Aventurado or Manuel O Afortunado)
• Dietrich of Oldenburg
  Dietrich of Oldenburg
  
  Derrick or Dietrich of Oldenburg, Latin-based anglicization also Theoderic of Oldenburg , nicknamed Theoderic the Lucky or the Fortunate , was a feudal lord in northern Germany, holding the counties of Delmenhorst and Oldenburg ....
   (Latin Teudericus Fortunatus)
• "~ the Fowler": Henry I of Germany (der Vogler or Heinrich der Finkler)

• "~ the Generous" or "~ the Liberal": Alfonso III of Aragon
  Alfonso III of Aragon
  
  File:Alfonso III of Aragon.jpgAlfonso III , called the Liberal or the Free , was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1285....
   Catalan
  Catalan language
  
  Catalan is a Romance languages, the national language and official language of Andorra, and a official language in the Autonomous Communities of Spain of the Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencian Community and in the city of Alghero in the Italy List of islands in the Mediterranean of Sardinia....
  : Alfons el Liberal; Spanish
  Spanish language
  
  Spanish or Castilian is a Romance languages that originated in northern Spain, and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade....
   Alfonso el Liberal)
• "~ the Gentle":
• Frederick II, Elector of Saxony
  Frederick II, Elector of Saxony
  
  Frederick II, Elector of Saxony was Elector of Saxony and was Landgrave of Thuringia ....
   (der Sanftmütige)
• Harald III of Denmark
  Harald III of Denmark
  
  Harald III Hen was king of Denmark from 1074 or 1076 to 1080. Harald III was the eldest illegitimate son of Sweyn II of Denmark.He was proclaimed king at the Zealand Assembly in 1076....
   (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Harald Hen); see also "~ Hen" below
• "~ the German": Louis I of the East Franks
  Louis the German
  
  Louis the German , was a grandson of Charlemagne and the third son of the succeeding Holy Roman Emperor Louis the Pious and his first wife, Ermengarde of Hesbaye....
  (le Germanique)
• "~ the God-Like One": Murad I, Ottoman Emperor
  Murad I
  
  Murad I was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire, Sultan of R?m, from 1359 to 1389. He was the son of Orhan I and the Valide Sultan Nil?fer Hatun , daughter of the Prince of Yarhisar or Byzantine Empire Princess Helen , who was of ethnic Greek people descent and became the ruler following his father's death in 1359....
  (Hüdavendigar)
• "~ the God-Loving": Andrey I Bogolubsky (Russian: ?????? ???????????)
• "~ the Good":
• Alfonso IV of Aragon
  Alfonso IV of Aragon
  
  Alfonso IV, called the Kind was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1327 to his death. He was the second son of James II of Aragon and Blanche of Anjou....
  (el Benigne; Aragonese
  Aragonese language
  
  Aragonese , is a Romance languages now spoken in a number of local varieties by between 10,000 and 30,000 people over the valleys of the Arag?n River, Sobrarbe and Ribagorza in Aragon....
   Alifonso o Beninno; el Benigno)
• Alexandru of Moldavia
  Alexandru cel Bun
  
  File:010 - Alexandru cel Bun si doamna sa.jpgAlexander the Good was a Voivode of Moldavia between 1400 and 1432, son of Roman I. He succeeded Iuga of Moldavia to the throne, and, as a ruler, initiated a series of reforms while consolidating the status of the Moldavian Principality....
   (cel Bun)
• Fulk II of Anjou
  Fulk II of Anjou
  
  Fulk II of Anjou , son of Fulk I of Anjou, was List of Counts and Dukes of Anjou from 941 to 958. He was often at war with the Brittany. He seems to have been a man of culture, a poet and an artist....
   (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
   Foulques le Bon?)
• Hywel ap Cadell of Wales
  Hywel Dda
  
  Hywel Dda , was a well-thought-of king of Deheubarth in West Wales, who, using his cunning, eventually came to rule Wales from Prestatyn to Pembroke....
  (Dda)
• Haakon I of Norway
  Haakon I of Norway
  
  Haakon I , , surnamed the Good, was the third king of Norway and the youngest son of Harald I of Norway.Haakon was fostered by King Athelstan of England, as part of a peace agreement made by his father....
  (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Hákon góði)
• John I of Portugal
  John I of Portugal
  
  John I, Portuguese language: Jo?o, , called the Good or of Happy Memory, was the tenth List of Portuguese monarchs and the first to use the title Lord of Ceuta....
   (o Bom)
• John II of France
  John II of France
  
  John II , called John the Good , was Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, and Duke of Normandy from 1332, Count of Poitiers from 1344, Duke of Aquitaine from 1345, and King of France from 1350 until his death, as well as Duke of Burgundy from 1361 to 1363....
   (le Bon)
• Louis I of Holland
  Louis Bonaparte
  
  Louis Napol?on Bonaparte, Prince Fran?ais, King of Holland, Comte de Saint-Leu-la-For?t was the fifth surviving child and fourth surviving son of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino....
   (de Goede)
• Magnus I of Norway
  Magnus I of Norway
  
  Magnus I was the King of Norway from 1035 to 1047 and the King of Denmark from 1042 to 1047. He was the illegitimate son of King Olaf II of Norway, also known as Saint Olaf, by his concubine Alvhild....
   (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Magnus den Gode)
• Philip III of Burgundy
  Philip III, Duke of Burgundy
  
  Philip the Good , also Philip III, Duke of Burgundy was Duke of Burgundy from 1419 until his death. He was a member of a cadet branch of the Valois dynasty ....
  (le Bon)
• William II of Sicily
  William II of Sicily
  
  William II , called the Good, was Kingdom of Sicily from 1166 to 1189.William was only eleven years old at the death of his father William I of Sicily, when he was placed under the regency of his mother, Margaret of Navarre....
  (il Buono)
• "~ with the Good Memory": John I of Portugal
  John I of Portugal
  
  John I, Portuguese language: Jo?o, , called the Good or of Happy Memory, was the tenth List of Portuguese monarchs and the first to use the title Lord of Ceuta....
  (o de Boa Memória)
• "~ the Good Mother": Maria II of Portugal
  Maria II of Portugal
  
  Maria II was Queen of Portugal from 1826 to 1853. She was the second Queen regnant of Portugal and the Algarve, and the 29th or 30th List of Portuguese monarchs....
  (a Boa Mãe)
• "~ the Gouty":
• Piero I de Medici of Florence
  Piero di Cosimo de' Medici
  
  Piero di Cosimo de' Medici , , was the de facto ruler of Florence from 1464 to 1469, during the Italian Renaissance. He was the father of Lorenzo de' Medici and Giuliano di Piero de' Medici...
  (il Gottoso)
• Bermudo II of León
  Bermudo II of León
  
  Bermudo II, called the Gouty , king of Galicia and king of Le?n , was the son of Ordo?o III of Le?n. He was raised by the nobility against the king Ramiro III of Leon in Galicia in 982....
  (el Gotoso)
• "~ the Great": see List of people known as The Great
  List of people known as The Great
  
  This is a list of people whose names in English language are commonly appended with the phrase "the Great", or who were called that or an equivalent phrase in their own language....
  
• "the Great Elector
  Prince-elector
  
  The Prince-Electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of Imperial election the Holy Roman Emperors....
  ": Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg
  Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg
  
  Frederick William was the Prince-elector of Margraviate of Brandenburg and the Duke of Duchy of Prussia from 1640 until his death. He was of the House of Hohenzollern and is popularly known as the Great Elector because of his military and political skill....
  
• "~ Greyfell" or "~ Greyhide": Harald II of Norway
  Harald II of Norway
  
  Harald II Greycloak , was the son of Eirik I of Norway and a grandson of Harald I of Norway. After his father's death, he and his brothers allied with Harold I of Denmark of Denmark against Haakon I of Norway....
  (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Haraldr gráfeldr)
• "~ Greymantle": Geoffrey I of Anjou
  Geoffrey I of Anjou
  
  Geoffrey I of Anjou , known as Grisegonelle , was List of Counts and Dukes of Anjou from 958 to 987. He succeeded his father Fulk II of Anjou....
   (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
   Geoffroy Grisegonelle)
• "~ the Grim" or "~ the Brave" or "~ the Inexorable": Selim I of the Ottoman Empire
  Selim I
  
  Selim I also known as "the Grim" or "the Brave", or the best translation "the Stern", Yavuz in Turkish language, the long name is Yavuz Sultan Selim; October 10 1465/1466/1470 September 22, 1520) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520....
  (Turkish
  Turkish language
  
  Turkish is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Cyprus, with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania and other parts of Eastern Europe....
   Yavuz Sultan Selim)
• "~ Gylle": (Old Norse, "Servant"): Harald IV of Norway
  Harald IV of Norway
  
  Harald Gille , king of Norway, was born in Ireland. His byname Gille is probably from Gilla Cr?st, i.e. servant of Christ.Around 1127, he went to Norway and declared he was a son of King Magnus III of Norway, who had visited Ireland just before his death in 1103, and consequently a half-brother of the reigning king, Sigurd I of Norway....
  

• "~ the Hairy": Wilfred I of Urgel
  Wilfred the Hairy
  
  Wilfred or Wifred, called the Hairy, was Count of Urgell , Count of Cerdanya , List of counts of Barcelona , Count of Girona , Count of Besal? , and Osona ....
  
• "~ Hairy Breeches": Ragnar Lodbrok of Sweden
  Ragnar Lodbrok
  
  Ragnar Lodbrok was a Norsemen legendary hero from the Viking Age who was thoroughly reshaped in Old Norse poetry and legendary sagas.The namesake and subject of ?Ragnar?s Saga?, and one of the most popular Viking heroes among the Norse themselves, Ragnar was a great Viking commander and the scourge of France....
   (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Ragnarr Loðbrók)
• "~ the Hammer":
• Charles Martel of the Franks
  Charles Martel
  
  Charles "The Hammer" Martel was proclaimed Mayor of the Palace and ruled the Franks in the name of a Titular ruler. Late in his reign he proclaimed himself Duke of the Franks and by any name was de facto ruler of the Frankish Realms....
  
• Geoffrey II of Anjou
  Geoffrey II of Anjou
  
  Geoffrey II of Anjou, called Martel , was List of Counts and Dukes of Anjou from 1040 to 1060. He was the son of Fulk III of Anjou. He was bellicose and fought against the William VII of Aquitaine, the Theobald I of Blois-Chartres, and the William I of England....
  
• Geoffrey IV of Anjou
  Geoffrey IV of Anjou
  
  Geoffrey IV of Anjou, called Martel , was List of Counts and Dukes of Anjou with his father Fulk IV of Anjou from 1098 to 1106. He revolted against the policies of his father and was assassinated in 1106, possibly at the instigation of his father....
  
• "~ the Handsome":
• Ferdinand I of Portugal
  Ferdinand I of Portugal
  
  Ferdinand I , sometimes referred to as the Handsome or rarely as the Inconstant , was the ninth List of Portuguese monarchs, the second son of Peter I of Portugal and his wife, Constance of Castile....
  
• Frederick I of Austria
  Frederick I of Austria (Habsburg)
  
  Frederick the Handsome or the Fair , from the House of Habsburg, was the Duke of Austria as Frederick I and King of Germany as Frederick III....
  
• John II Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor
  John II Komnenos
  
  John II Komnenos or Comnenus was Byzantine emperor from 1118 to 1143. Also known as Kalo?oannes , he was the eldest son of emperor Alexios I Komnenos and Irene Doukaina....
  (???????)
• Philip I of Castile
  Philip I of Castile
  
  Philip I , known as the Handsome or the Fair, was the son of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. Through his mother Mary of Burgundy he inherited the greater part of the Duchy of Burgundy and the Burgundian Netherlands and through his wife Juana of Castile he briefly succeeded to the Kingdom of Castile....
  
• Radu of Wallachia
  Radu cel Frumos
  
  Radu cel Frumos , , was the younger brother of Vlad III Dracula and voivode of the principality of Wallachia. They were both sons of Vlad II Dracul , but by different mothers....
  
• "~ the Hardy": Canute III of Denmark
  Harthacanute
  
  Harthacanute was King of Denmark from 1035 to 1042 as well as King of England from 1040 to 1042. He came from Northmannia according to Adam of Bremen and was the only son of Canute the Great and Emma of Normandy....
  (Old Norse
  Old Norse
  
  Old Norse is a North Germanic languages that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300....
  : Hardeknud; Old English: Harthacnut)
• "~ Hardrada" (from Old Norse "Harðráði", "Stern Counsel"): Harald III of Norway
  Harald III of Norway
  
  Harald Sigurdsson , later given the epithet Hardrada was the Monarch of Norway from 1047 until 1066. He was also claimed to be the King of Denmark until 1064, often defeating Sweyn II army and forcing him to leave the country....
  
• "~ Harefoot": Harold I of England
  Harold Harefoot
  
  Harold Harefoot was King of England from 1035 to 1040. His cognomen "Harefoot" was for his speed, and the skill of his huntsmanship. He was the son of Canute the Great, King of England, Denmark, Norway, and some of the Kingdom of Sweden, through his handfast wife ?lfgifu of Northampton....
  
• "~ the Holy":
• Canute IV of Denmark
  Canute IV of Denmark
  
  Canute IV , also known as Canute the Saint and Canute the Holy , was List of Danish monarchs of Denmark from 1080 until 1086. Canute was an ambitious king who sought the English throne, attempted to strengthen the Danish monarchy, and devoutedly supported the Roman Catholic Church....
  
• Eric IX of Sweden
  Eric IX of Sweden
  
  Eric IX of Sweden was a Sweden Monarchy of Sweden c.1150 – 1160. No historical records of Eric have survived, and all information about him is based on later legends that were aimed at having him established as a saint....
  
• "~ the Hopeful": Peter V of Portugal
• "~ the Hunchback": Pippin the Hunchback
• "~ the Humane" or "~ the Humanist": Martin I of Aragon
  Martin I of Aragon
  
  Martin of Aragon , called the Elder, the Humane, the Ecclesiastic, was the King of Aragon, King of Valencia, King of Sardinia, and Medieval Corsica and Count of Barcelona from 1396 and King of Sicily from 1409 ....
  
• "~ Hunger": Olaf I of Denmark
  Olaf I of Denmark
  
  Olaf I of Denmark , was king of Denmark following his brother Canute IV of Denmark starting from 1086. He was a natural son of king Sweyn Estridson and married Ingegard, princess of Norway, the daughter of Harald H?rdr?de....
  
• "~ the Hunter":
• Gudrød
  Gudrød the Hunter
  
  Gudr?d the Hunter was a semi-legendary king in south-east Norway, during the early Viking Age. He is mentioned in the skaldic poem Ynglingatal....
  
• John I of Aragon
  John I of Aragon
  
  John I , called by posterity the Hunter or the Lover of Elegance , but the Abandoned in his lifetime, was the King of Aragon from 1387 to his death....
  (Spanish
  Spanish language
  
  Spanish or Castilian is a Romance languages that originated in northern Spain, and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade....
   Juan el Cazador; el Caçador)

• "~ the Mad":
• Charles VI of France
  Charles VI of France
  
  Charles VI , called the Well-loved and the Mad , was the List of French monarchs from 1380 to 1399, as a member of the House of Valois....
  
• George III of Great Britain
• Joanna of Castile
  Joanna of Castile
  
  Joanna , called Joanna the Mad queen regnant as Kings of Castile of Crown of Castile jointly with her husband Philip I of Castile and later also as List of Aragonese monarchs of Crown of Aragon jointly with her son the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor....
  (Spanish: Juana la Loca)
• Ludwig II of Bavaria
  Ludwig II of Bavaria
  
  Ludwig II was king of Kingdom of Bavaria from 1864 until shortly before his death. He is sometimes referred to as the Swan King in English language and der M?rchenk?nig in German language....
  
• "~ the Magnanimous":
• Emperor Pedro II of Brazil
  Pedro II of Brazil
  
  Pedro II, , or Dom Pedro de Alc?ntara; December 2, 1825 December 5, 1891) was the second and last Emperor of Brazil, having ruled for almost 50 years....
  
• King Alfonso V of Aragon
  Alfonso V of Aragon
  
  Alfonso the Magnanimous was the King of Aragon , King of Valencia , Kingdom of Majorca, Kingdom of Sardinia , and Kingdom of Sicily and Count of Barcelona from 1416 and King of Naples from 1442 until his death....
  
• John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony
  John Frederick, Elector of Saxony
  
  John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony , called John the Magnanimous, was Elector of Saxony and Head of the Protestant Confederation of Germany , "Champion of the Reformation"....
  
• King John V of Portugal
  John V of Portugal
  
  |Fidel?ssimus John V the Magnanimous , 24th Portuguese monarchs of Portugal and the Algarves, was born John-Francis-Anthony in Lisbon and succeeded his father Peter II of Portugal in December 1706, and was proclaimed on January 1, 1707....
  
• Landgrave Philipp I of Hesse
• King Ladislas of Naples
  Ladislas of Naples
  
  Ladislas the Magnanimous was King of Naples and Titular King of Jerusalem and Kingdom of Sicily, Titular Count of Provence and Forcalquier , and Titular List of Hungarian rulers and List of Dalmatian rulers ....
  
• Inca Roca
  Inca Roca
  
  Inca Roca was the sixth Sapa Inca of the Kingdom of Cusco and the first of the Hanan dynasty. His wife's name was Mama Michay, and his son was Yahuar Huacac....
  
• Charles II of Alençon
  Charles II of Alençon
  
  Charles II of Alen?on, called the Magnanimous was the second son of Charles of Valois and his first wife Margaret. He was Count of Alen?on, Count of Perche , Count of Chartres and Count of Joigny ....
  
• "~ the Magnificent":
• Robert I of Normandy (le Magnifique)
• Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire
  Suleiman the Magnificent
  
  Suleiman I, His Imperial Majesty , was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1520 to his death in 1566. He is known in Western world as Suleiman the Magnificent and in Eastern world, as the Lawgiver , for his complete reconstruction of the Ottoman legal system....
  
• "~ the Maiden":
• Eystein of Norway
  Eystein Meyla
  
  Eystein the Maiden, ?ystein ?ysteinsson M?yla was elected a rival Monarch of Norway at ?yratinget in 1176.Nickname M?yla means maiden, girl, cute woman....
  
• Malcolm IV of Scotland
  Malcolm IV of Scotland
  
  Malcolm IV , nicknamed Virgo, "the Maiden" , King of Scots, was the eldest son of Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon and Ada de Warenne....
  
• "~ Martel" (German
  German language
  
  German is a West Germanic languages, thus related to and classified alongside English language and Dutch language. It is one of the world's world language and the most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union....
  , "The Hammer"):
• Charles Martel of the Franks
  Charles Martel
  
  Charles "The Hammer" Martel was proclaimed Mayor of the Palace and ruled the Franks in the name of a Titular ruler. Late in his reign he proclaimed himself Duke of the Franks and by any name was de facto ruler of the Frankish Realms....
  
• Geoffrey II of Anjou
  Geoffrey II of Anjou
  
  Geoffrey II of Anjou, called Martel , was List of Counts and Dukes of Anjou from 1040 to 1060. He was the son of Fulk III of Anjou. He was bellicose and fought against the William VII of Aquitaine, the Theobald I of Blois-Chartres, and the William I of England....
  
• Geoffrey IV of Anjou
  Geoffrey IV of Anjou
  
  Geoffrey IV of Anjou, called Martel , was List of Counts and Dukes of Anjou with his father Fulk IV of Anjou from 1098 to 1106. He revolted against the policies of his father and was assassinated in 1106, possibly at the instigation of his father....
  
• "~ the Martyr":
• Edward the Martyr of England
  Edward the Martyr
  
  Edward the Martyr or Eadweard II was king of England from 975 until he was murdered in 978. Edward was the eldest son of King Edgar of England, but not his father's acknowledged heir apparent....
  
• King Charles I of England
• "~ the Memorable": Eric II of Denmark
  Eric II of Denmark
  
  Erik II Emune was king of Denmark between 1134 and 1137. His nickname means "the Memorable". Erik was an illegitimate son of Eric I of Denmark....
  
• "~ the Merry":
• Charles II of England
  Charles II of England
  
  Charles II was the Monarchy of Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, and Kingdom of Ireland.His father Charles I of England Regicide#The regicide of Charles I of England at Palace of Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War....
  
• "~ the Mild": Halfdan of Romerike and Vestfold
  Halfdan the Mild
  
  Halfdan the Mild was the son of king Eystein Halfdansson, of the House of Yngling and he succeeded his father as king, according to Heimskringla....
  
• "~ the Middle": Pippin of Herstal
  Pippin of Herstal
  
  Pepin of Herstal was the Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia from 680 to his death and of Neustria and Kingdom of Burgundy from 687 to 695....
  
• "~ Minus-a-Quarter": Michael VII Dukas, Byzantine Emperor
  Michael VII
  
  Michael VII Doukas or Ducas , nicknamed Parapinakes, Byzantine emperor from 1071 to 1078....
  
• "~ Moneybags": Ivan I of Russia
  Ivan I of Russia
  
  Ivan I Danilovich Kalita , Prince of Moscow , Grand Prince of Vladimir , son of Daniil Aleksandrovich . ...
  
• "~ the Monk":
• Alfonso IV of Leon
  Alfonso IV of León
  
  Alfonso IV , called the Monk, was Kingdom of Le?n from 925 and of Galicia from 929, until he abdication in 931.When Ordo?o II of Leon died in 924 it was not one of his sons who ascended to the throne of Le?n but rather his brother Fruela II of Leon....
  
• Fortun I of Pamplona
• Ramiro II of Aragon
  Ramiro II of Aragon
  
  Ramiro II , called the Monk, was King of Aragon from 1134 until 1137. He was the youngest son of Sancho Ram?rez, King of Aragon and Navarre, and Felicie de Roucy....
  
• Vlad IV of Wallachia
  Vlad Calugarul
  
  Vlad IV. Calugarul, translated as Vlad the Monk, was the Piety half-brother of Vlad III , and one of many rulers of Wallachia during the 15th century....
  
• "~ Monk's-Cloak"?: Jon Kuvlung of Norway
  Jon Kuvlung
  
  Jon Ingesson Kuvlung was a pretender to the crown of Norway. He claimed to be a son of king Inge I of Norway, though Sverris saga claims this to have been false....
  
• "~ Monomakh" (Russian
  Russian language
  
  Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages, and the largest native language in Europe....
   "???????" from Greek
  Greek language
  
  Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
   "????µa???", "One who fights alone"): Vladimir Monomakh of Kiev
• "~ Monomakhos" (from Greek
  Greek language
  
  Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
   "????µa???", "One who fights alone"): Constantine IX, Byzantine Emperor
• "~ the Moor": Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan
  Ludovico Sforza
  
  Ludovico Sforza Duke of Milan , a member of the Sforza dynasty of Milan, Italy, was the second son of Francesco Sforza, and was famed as patron of Leonardo da Vinci and other artists....
  

• "~ New-Day": Valdemar IV of Denmark
  Valdemar IV of Denmark
  
  Valdemar Atterdag was a King of Denmark .He was the youngest son of Christopher II of Denmark and spent most of his childhood and youth in exile at the court of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor in Bavaria after the defeats of his father....
  
• "~ of the Nine Hostages" (Irish
  Irish language
  
  Irish , also known as Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic languages of the Indo-European language family, originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people....
   Noigíallach): Niall Noigíallach of Ireland
  Niall of the Nine Hostages
  
  Niall No?g?allach , son of Eochaid Mugmed?n, was an Ireland king, the eponymous ancestor of the U? N?ill kindred who dominated Ireland from the 6th century to the 10th century....
  
• "~ the Noble":
• Charles III of Navarre
  Charles III of Navarre
  
  Charles III , called the Noble, was King of Navarre from 1387 to his death and Count of ?vreux from 1387 to 1404, when he exchanged it for the title Duke of Nemours....
  
• Magnus I of Norway
  Magnus I of Norway
  
  Magnus I was the King of Norway from 1035 to 1047 and the King of Denmark from 1042 to 1047. He was the illegitimate son of King Olaf II of Norway, also known as Saint Olaf, by his concubine Alvhild....
  
• "~ No-Counsel" or "~ the Unready": Ethelred II of England (Old English: Æþelræd Unræd; Middle English
  Middle English
  
  Middle English is the name given by historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman conquest of England of 1066 and about 1470, when the #Chancery Standard, a form of London-based English, began to become widespread, a process aided by the introduction of the printing press into England by William...
  : Ethelred the Redeless)

• "~ the Pacific": Peter II of Portugal
  Peter II of Portugal
  
  |Peter II , the Pacific , Regent and 23rd Kings of Portugal of Portugal and the Algarves .The youngest son of John IV of Portugal and being created Duke of Beja, he was appointed regent for his insane brother, Afonso VI of Portugal, in 1668, shortly after Spain recognition of Portugal's independence....
  
• "~ the Pagan": Eric VIII of Sweden
• "~ the Pale": Constantius I, Roman Emperor
  Constantius Chlorus
  
  Flavius Valerius Constantius , also Constantius I, was an Roman emperor of the Western Roman Empire . He was commonly called Chlorus an epithet given to him by Byzantine Empire historians....
  
• "~ the Peaceful":
• Edgar of England
  Edgar of England
  
  Edgar I the Peaceful or the Peaceable was a king of England.Edgar was the younger son of Edmund I of England. His cognomen, "The Peaceable", was not necessarily a comment on the deeds of his life, for he was a strong leader, shown by his seizure of the Northumbrian and Mercian kingdoms from his older brother, Edwy, in 958....
  
• Olaf III of Norway
  Olaf III of Norway
  
  Olaf III of Norway , also known as Olaf Haraldsson and Olav Kyrre , was king of Norway from 1067 until his death in 1093. During his reign the nation experienced a rare extended period of peace....
  
• "~ the Perfect Prince": John II of Portugal
  John II of Portugal
  
  Jo?o II , the Perfect Prince , was the thirteenth List of Portuguese monarchs. He was born in Lisbon, the son of king Afonso V of Portugal by his wife, Isabel of Coimbra, princess of Portugal....
  
• "~ the Philosopher" or "~ the Philosopher King": Edward of Portugal
  Edward of Portugal
  
  Edward, ; Viseu, , called the Philosopher or the Eloquent, was the eleventh List of Portuguese monarchs and second Lord of Ceuta from 1433 until his death....
   (O Rei-Filósofo)
• "~ the Pious":
• Boleslav II of Bohemia
• John III of Portugal
  John III of Portugal
  
  John III , nicknamed o Piedoso , was the fifteenth Portuguese monarchy.Born in Lisbon, he was the son of Manuel I of Portugal and his queen consort, Maria of Aragon ....
  
• Louis I of France
  Louis the Pious
  
  Louis the Pious , also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was the King of Aquitaine from 781 and Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks with his father, Charlemagne, from 813....
  
• Robert II of France
  Robert II of France
  
  Robert II , called the Pious or the Wise, was King of France from 996 until his death. The second reigning member of the House of Capet, he was born in Orl?ans to Hugh Capet and Adelaide of Aquitaine....
  
• Sancho II of Portugal
  Sancho II of Portugal
  
  Sancho II , nicknamed "the Pious" and "the Caped" or "the Capuched" , , fourth List of Portuguese monarchs, was the eldest son of Afonso II of Portugal by his wife, Urraca, princess of Castile....
  
• William V, Duke of Bavaria
  William V, Duke of Bavaria
  
  William V, Duke of Bavaria , called the Pious, was List of rulers of Bavaria from 1579 to 1597....
  
• "~ Ploughpenny": Eric IV of Denmark
  Eric IV of Denmark
  
  Eric IV , was king of Denmark from 1241 until his death. He was the son of Valdemar II of Denmark by his wife, Bereng?ria of Portugal, and brother to Abel of Denmark and Christopher I of Denmark....
  
• "~ the Popular": Louis I of Portugal
• "~ the Populator": Sancho I of Portugal
  Sancho I of Portugal
  
  Sancho I , nicknamed the Populator , second List of Portuguese monarchs, was born on November 11 1154 in Coimbra and died on March 26, 1212 in the same city....
  
• "~ the Posthumous":
• John I of France
  John I of France
  
  John I , called the Posthumous, was List of French monarchs and List of Navarrese monarchs, and Counts of Champagne, as the son and successor of Louis X of France, for the five days he lived....
  
• Ladislaus I of Bohemia
• Theobald IV of Champagne
• "~ the Priesthater": Eric II of Norway
• "~ the Prudent": Louis XI of France
  Louis XI of France
  
  Louis XI , called the Prudent and the Universal Spider or the Spider King, was the List of French monarchs from 1461 to 1483....
  
• "~ the Purple-Born":
• Baldwin II of Constantinople
  Baldwin II of Constantinople
  
  Baldwin II of Courtenay was the last emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople.He was a younger son of Yolanda of Flanders, sister of the first two emperors, Baldwin I of Constantinople and Henry of Flanders....
  
• Constantine VII, Byzantine Emperor
  Constantine VII
  
  Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos or Porphyrogenitus, "the Purple-born" , was the son of the Byzantine emperor Leo VI the Wise and his fourth wife Zoe Karbonopsina....
  

Q

• "~ the Quarreller":
• Frederick of Saxony
  Frederick of Saxony
  
  Frederick of Saxony may refer to:*Frederick I, Elector of Saxony, or Frederick the Belligerent , ruler of Saxony from 1422?1428*Frederick II, Elector of Saxony, or Frederick the Gentle , ruler of Saxony from 1428?1464...
  
• Louis X of France
  Louis X of France
  
  Louis X , called the Quarreller, the Headstrong, or the Stubborn , was the List of Navarrese monarchs from 1305 and list of French monarchs from 1314 until his death....
  
• "~Queen": James I of England
  James I of England
  
  James VI and I was List of monarchs of Scotland as James VI, and List of English monarchs and King of Ireland as James I. He ruled in Kingdom of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567, when he was only one year old, succeeding his mother Mary I of Scotland....
  
• "~ the Quiet": Olaf III of Norway
  Olaf III of Norway
  
  Olaf III of Norway , also known as Olaf Haraldsson and Olav Kyrre , was king of Norway from 1067 until his death in 1093. During his reign the nation experienced a rare extended period of peace....
  

R

• "~ the Red":
• Haakon of Sweden
  Haakon the Red
  
  H?kan the Red was a Monarch of Sweden reigning for about a decade in the second half of the 11th century. There is little information on him, and it is mostly contradictory....
   (Röde)
• Fulk I of Anjou
  Fulk I of Anjou
  
  Fulk I of Anjou, called the Red, was son of viscount Ingelger of Angers, and was the first List of Counts and Dukes of Anjou from 898 to 941....
  
• John I, Duke of Brittany
  John I, Duke of Brittany
  
  John I the Red , known as John the Red due to the colour of his beard, was Duke of Brittany, from 1237 to his death. He was son of Duke Peter I, Duke of Brittany and Alix of Thouars, heiress of the duchy....
  
• Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor
  Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor
  
  Otto II , called the Red, was the third ruler of the Saxony or Ottonian dynasty, the son of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor and Adelaide of Italy....
  
• William II of England
  William II of England
  
  William II , the third son of William I of England, was Kingdom of England from 1087 until 1100, with powers also over Duchy of Normandy, and influence in Kingdom of Scotland....
   (Latin
  Latin
  
  Latin is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Through the Military history of the Roman Empire, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe....
  : William Rufus)
• "~ the Redeemeress": Isabel of Brazil
  Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil
  
  Isabel I, called Isabel the Redeemeress and de jure Empress Isabel I of Brazil , was the heir to the throne of Brazil, with the title of Princess Imperial during the last decades of the reign of her father Pedro II of Brazil, and sometime Regent....
  
• "~ the Redless" or "~ the Redeless": Ethelred II of England (Old English: Æthelred Unræd)
• "~ the Reformer": Joseph I of Portugal
  Joseph I of Portugal
  
  |Joseph I , the Reformer , 25th Kings of Portugal of the Portugal and the Algarves, was born in Lisbon, on June 6, 1714. He was the third child of King John V of Portugal and his wife Mary Anne Josepha of Austria....
  
• "~ the Restorer":
• Casimir I of Poland
  Casimir I of Poland
  
  Casimir I the Restorer , was a Duke of Poland of the Piast dynasty and the de facto monarch of the entire country. He is known as the Restorer mostly because he managed to reunite all parts of the Polish Kingdom after a period of turmoil....
  (Odnowiciel)
• Garcia VI of Navarre
  García VI of Navarre
  
  Garc?a Ram?rez, sometimes Garc?a IV,V, VI or VII , called the Restorer , was Lord of Monz?n and Logro?o, and, from 1134, King of Navarre....
  
• Mehmed I of the Ottoman Empire
  Mehmed I
  
  Mehmed I ?elebi was a Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1413 to 1421....
  
• John IV of Portugal
  John IV of Portugal
  
  John IV was the king of Portugal from 1640 to his death. He was the grandson of Catherine, Duchess of Braganza, who had in 1580 claimed the Portuguese crown and sparked the struggle for the throne of Portugal....
  
• "~ the Righteous": Henry IV of Silesia

• "~ the Saver of Europe": Tervel of Bulgaria
  Tervel of Bulgaria
  
  Tervel also called Tarvel, or Terval, or Terbelis in some Byzantine Empire sources, was the ruler of the Bulgarians at the beginning of the 8th century....
  
• "~ the Seer": Oleg of Novgorod
  Oleg of Novgorod
  
  Oleg of Novgorod was a Varangian prince who ruled all or part of the Rus during the early tenth century. He is credited with moving the capital of Kievan Rus' from Novgorod the Great to Kiev and, in doing so, laid the foundation for the powerful state of Kievan Rus....
  
• "~ the Be-shitten": James II of England
  James II of England
  
  James II and VII was List of English monarchs, List of Scottish monarchs, and King of Ireland from 6 February 1685. He was the last Roman Catholic Church monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, and Kingdom of Ireland....
  (Irish
  Irish language
  
  Irish , also known as Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic languages of the Indo-European language family, originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people....
   Séamus á Chaca)
• "~ the Short": Pippin III, King of the Franks
  Pippin the Younger
  
  Pepin or Pippin , called the Short, and often known as Pepin the Younger or Pepin III, was the Mayor of the Palace and Duke of the Franks from 741 and King of the Franks from 751 to 768....
  
• "~ the Silent":
• Olav III of Norway
• William I of Orange
• "~ the Simple": Charles III of France
  Charles the Simple
  
  Charles III , called the Simple or the Straightforward , was a member of the Carolingian dynasty who ruled as List of French monarchs from 893 to 922/923....
  
• "~ Skötkonung" (Old Norse "Tax-King"?): Olof of Sweden
  Olof of Sweden
  
  Olof Sk?tkonung was the son of Eric the Victorious and Sigrid the Haughty. He was born around 980 and he succeeded his father in 995. One of many explanations to his Swedish name Sk?tkonung is that it means "tributary king" and one scholar speculates about a tributary relationship to the Danish king Sweyn Forkbeard, who was his stepfat...
  
• "~ Slemme": Emund of Sweden
  Emund of Sweden
  
  Emund the Old, Emund den gamle, Old Swedish: ?mun??r gaml? or ?mun??r gammal also Emund the Evil Old Swedish: ?mun??r slem? was an illegitimate son of Olof Sk?tkonung....
  
• "~ the Sluggard": Louis V of France
  Louis V of France
  
  Louis V , called the Indolent or the Sluggard , was the King of West Francia from 986 until his early death. The son of Lothair of France and his wife Emma of Italy, a daughter of Lothair II of Italy, he was the last Carolingian monarch....
  
• "~ the Soldier": Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
  Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
  
  Victor Emmanuel III was a member of the House of Savoy and King of Italy Kingdom of Italy . In addition, he was the claimed Emperor of Ethiopia Ethiopia and King of Albania Albania ....
  
• "~ the Soldier-King":
• Frederick William I of Prussia
  Frederick William I of Prussia
  
  Frederick William I of the House of Hohenzollern, was the King in Prussia and Elector of Brandenburg from 1713 until his death. He is popularly known as "the Soldier-King" ....
  
• Pedro I of Brazil
• "~ Split-Nose": Justinian II, Byzantine Emperor
  Justinian II
  
  Justinian II , known as Rinotmetos or Rhinotmetus , was the last Byzantine emperor of the :Category:Heraclian Dynasty, reigning from 685 to 695 and again from 705 to 711....
  
• "~ the Stammerer": Louis II of France
  Louis the Stammerer
  
  Louis the Stammerer , was the King of Aquitaine and later List of French monarchs. He was the eldest son of Charles the Bald and Ermentrude of Orl?ans....
  
• "~ the Stout": Olaf II of Norway
  Olaf II of Norway
  
  Olaf Haraldsson , was king of Norway from 1015–1028, . His mother was ?sta Gudbrandsdatter, and his father was Harald Grenske, great-grandchild of Harald I of Norway....
  
• "~ the Strong":
• Magnus Nilsson, Swedish pretender
  Magnus the Strong
  
  Magnus Nilsson, Mogens Nielsen, or Magnus the Strong , was a Scandinavian ruler and Denmark duke who reigned c. 1125-c.1130 in southern parts of Sweden ....
  
• Sancho VII of Navarre
  Sancho VII of Navarre
  
  Sancho VII Sanches , called the Strong or the Prudent, was the King of Navarre from 1194 to his death. His retirement at the end of his life has given rise to the alternate nickname el Encerrado or "the Retired."...
  
• "~ the Stuttering and Lame": Eric XI of Sweden
  Eric XI of Sweden
  
  Eric XI Ericsson den l?spe och halte: "the lisp and lame," was king of Sweden 1222 ? 1229 and 1234 ? 1250. He was the son of king Erik X of Sweden and Richeza of Denmark....
   (Swedish
  Swedish language
  
  Swedish is a North Germanic languages language, spoken by around 10 million people, predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the coast and on the ?land islands....
   Erik läspe och halte)

• "~ the Warlike":
• Albert, Prince of Beyreuth
• Bernard VII of Lippe
• Frederick I, Elector of Saxony
  Frederick I, Elector of Saxony
  
  Frederick IV, Margrave of Meissen and Elector of Saxony was Markgraf of Mei?en and Elector of Saxony from 1381 until his death. He is not to be confused with his cousin Frederick IV, Landgrave of Thuringia, the son of Balthasar, Landgrave of Thuringia....
  
• Frederick II of Austria
• Herman of Schwarzenberg
• Michael VI, Byzantine Emperor
  Michael VI
  
  Michael VI Bringas , called Stratiotikos or Stratioticus or Gerontas , was Byzantine emperor from 1056 to 1057.Apparently a relative of the powerful courtier Joseph Bringas , Michael Bringas was an elderly patrician and a member of the court bureaucracy who had served as military minister ....
  
• Svyatoslav I of Kiev
• "~ the Warrior": Charles I of Savoy
  Charles I of Savoy
  
  Charles I , surnamed the Warrior, was the Duke of Savoy from 1482 to 1490 and titular Kingdom of Cyprus, Kings of Jerusalem, and Monarchs of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia from 1485 to 1490....
  
• "~ Wartooth": Harald Hildetand of Sweden (Old Norse: Haraldr Hilditönn)
• "~ Wearing-a-Cape": Hugh Capet of France
  Hugh Capet of France
  
  Hugh Capet was the first King of France of the eponymous Capetian dynasty from his election to succeed the Carolingian Louis V of France in 987 until his death....
  
• "~ the Well-Beloved": Charles VI of France
  Charles VI of France
  
  Charles VI , called the Well-loved and the Mad , was the List of French monarchs from 1380 to 1399, as a member of the House of Valois....
  
• "~ the Well-Served": Charles VII of France
  Charles VII of France
  
  File:Charles VII Franc a cheval 1422 1423.jpgCharles VII , called the Victorious or the Well-Served , was List of French monarchs from 1422 to his death, though he was initially opposed by Henry VI of England, whose Regent ruled much of France from Paris....
  
• "~ the White":
• Henry III of Silesia
• Leszek I of Poland (Bialy)
• "~ Who-Fights-Alone":
• Constantine IX, Byzantine Emperor
• Vladimir Monomakh of Kiev
• "~ the Wicked":
• Ordoño IV of Leon
  Ordoño IV of León
  
  Ordo?o IV, called the Wicked or the Bad , son of Alfonso IV of Le?n and nephew of Ramiro II of Le?n, was the king of Le?n from 958 until 960, interrupting the reign of Sancho the Fat for a two year period....
  
• Yazdegerd I of Persia
• "~ the Wise":
• Albert II of Austria
• Albert IV of Bavaria
• Alfonso X of Castile
  Alfonso X of Castile
  
  Alfonso X was a Castilian monarch who ruled as the Kingdom of Castile, Kingdom of Le?n and Kingdom of Galicia from 1252 until his death. He also was elected List of German monarchs in 1257, though the Papacy prevented his confirmation....
  
• Charles V of France
  Charles V of France
  
  Charles V , called the Wise, was List of French monarchs from 1364 to his death and a member of the House of Valois. His reign marked a high point for France during the Hundred Years' War, with his armies recovering much of the territory ceded to England at the Treaty of Br?tigny....
  
• Coloman of Hungary
  Coloman of Hungary
  
  Coloman I the Book-lover , also spelled Koloman , King of Hungary . Although Coloman was their father's elder son, during his reign, Coloman had to fight against his brother, Prince ?lmos who permanently disputed his right to the crown because Coloman probably had a physical deformity....
  
• Frederick II of the Palatinate
• Frederick III, Elector of Saxony
  Frederick III, Elector of Saxony
  
  Frederick III, Elector of Saxony , also known as Frederick the Wise, was Prince-elector of Saxony from 1486 to his death. Frederick was the son of Ernest, Elector of Saxony and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Albert III, Duke of Bavaria....
  
• Leo VI, Byzantine Emperor
  Leo VI
  
  Leo VI can refer to:*Byzantine emperor Leo VI the Wise*Pope Leo VI*King Leo VI of Armenia...
  
• Robert of Naples
  Robert of Naples
  
  Robert of Anjou, known as Robert the Wise was King of Naples from 1309 to 1343. He was also Duke of Calabria , titular King of Jerusalem, and Counts of Provence ....
  
• Sancho VI of Navarre
  Sancho VI of Navarre
  
  Sancho VI Garc?s , called the Wise , was the king of Navarre from 1150 until his death in 1194.Son of King Garc?a Ram?rez of Navarre and Marguerite de l'Aigle, he was the first to use the title "King of Navarre" as the sole designation of his kingdom, dropping Pamplona out of titular use....
  
• William IV of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel)
• Yaroslav I of Kiev
• "~ the Wrymouth": Boleslaus III of Poland (Krzywousty)

Y

• "Yellow ~" or "~ the Blond": Selim II of the Ottoman Empire
  Selim II
  
  Selim II Sarkhosh , also known as "Selim the Sot ", was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1566 until his death. He was a son of Suleiman the Magnificent and his fourth and favourite wife Valide Sultan H?rrem Sultan, :tr:H?rrem Sultan, originally named Roxelana, a Ruthenians....
   ('Sari Sultân Selim)
• "~ the Young":
• Basarab Tepelus of Wallachia
  Basarab Tepelus cel Tânar
  
  Basarab Tepelus cel T?nar was a ruler of the principality of Wallachia, between the years 1477-1481, and again from 1481 to 1482. Curiously, and symbolically of the unstable political climate of Medieval Wallachia, despite the fact that he was removed from his position in 1481, and replaced the same year, two other men were granted the title...
   (Old Romanian
  Romanian language
  
  Romanian or Daco-Romanian ; self-designation: limba rom?na, ) is a Romance languages spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova....
  : Basarab Tepelus cel Tânar)
• Fulk V of Anjou (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
   Foulque le Jeune)
• "~ the Young King": Henry the Young King
  Henry the Young King
  
  Henry, known as the Young King was the second of five sons of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine....
  (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
   Henri le Jeune)
• "~ the Younger":
• Inge II of Sweden
  Inge II of Sweden
  
  Inge the Younger was the King of Sweden in the early 12th century and the son of king Halsten and he was probably Halsten's youngest son. According to unreliable traditions Inge would have ruled together with his brother Philip of Sweden after the death of their uncle Inge I of Sweden:...
  (Swedish
  Swedish language
  
  Swedish is a North Germanic languages language, spoken by around 10 million people, predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the coast and on the ?land islands....
   Inge den yngre)
• Louis VII of France
  Louis VII of France
  
  Louis VII, called the Younger or the Young, , was List of French monarchs, the son and successor of Louis VI of France . He ruled from 1137 until his death....
  (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
   Louis le Jeune)
• Pippin III, King of the Franks
  Pippin the Younger
  
  Pepin or Pippin , called the Short, and often known as Pepin the Younger or Pepin III, was the Mayor of the Palace and Duke of the Franks from 741 and King of the Franks from 751 to 768....
   (French
  French language
  
  French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
  , Pépin le Bref; German
  German language
  
  German is a West Germanic languages, thus related to and classified alongside English language and Dutch language. It is one of the world's world language and the most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union....
  , Pippin der Kleine, Pippin der Kurze, or Pippin der Jüngere); see also "~ the Short", above
• Sverker II of Sweden
  Sverker II of Sweden
  
  Sverker The Younger Karlsson or Sverker den yngre Karlsson in Swedish language , was king of Sweden from 1196 to 1208....
  (Swedish
  Swedish language
  
  Swedish is a North Germanic languages language, spoken by around 10 million people, predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the coast and on the ?land islands....
   Sverker den yngre)

Sobriquets

See also

External links