Light, or visible light, is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength that is Visible spectrum to the human eye , or up to 380?750 nm. In the broader field of physics, light is sometimes used to refer to electromagnetic radiation of all wavelengths, whether visible or not.... , including both natural and artificial sources, and both processes and devices.
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Light, or visible light, is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength that is Visible spectrum to the human eye , or up to 380?750 nm. In the broader field of physics, light is sometimes used to refer to electromagnetic radiation of all wavelengths, whether visible or not.... , including both natural and artificial sources, and both processes and devices.
s are significant entity, associations or structures which current science has confirmed to exist in outer space. This does not necessarily mean that more current science will not disprove their existence.... s
Sunlight, in the broad sense, is the total spectroscopy of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun. On Earth, sunlight is Filter ed through the Earth's atmosphere, and the solar radiation is obvious as daylight when the Sun is above the horizon.... (solar radiation)
METEOR is a Metrics for the evaluation of machine translation output. The metric is based on the harmonic mean of unigram precision and recall, with recall weighted higher than precision.... s/meteor shower
Meteor shower
Meteor showers, some of which are known as "meteor storms" , "meteor outbursts,"or "star storm are celestial events in which a number of meteors are observed to radiate from one point in the sky.... s (via ionization)
A star is a massive, luminous ball of Plasma that is held together by its own gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the energy on Earth.... s
Star clusters or star clouds are groups of stars which are gravity bound. Two types of star clusters can be distinguished: globular clusters are tight groups of hundreds of thousands of very old stars, while open clusters generally contain less than a few hundred members, and are often very young.... s
A Quasi-stellar radio source is a powerfully energetic and distant active galactic nucleus. Quasars were first identified as being high redshift sources of electromagnetic energy, including radio frequency and visible spectrum, that were point-like, similar to stars, rather than extended sources similar to galaxy.... s
Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism as the result of a chemical reaction during which chemical energy is converted to light energy....
Glow worm is the common name for various different groups of insect larva and adult larviform females which glow through bioluminescence. They may sometimes resemble worms, but all are insects .... s (Arachnocampa
Arachnocampa
Arachnocampa is a genus of four fungus gnat species which are, in their larval stage, glowworms. They are found mostly in New Zealand and Australia in caves and grottos, or sheltered places in forests.... and Phengodidae
Phengodidae
The beetle family Phengodidae is known also as glowworm beetles, whose larvae are known as glowworms. The females and larvae have bioluminescence organs.... ) and fireflies
Firefly
Lampyridae is a family of insects in the beetle order Coleoptera. They are winged beetles, and commonly called fireflies or lightning bugs for their conspicuous crepuscular use of bioluminescence to attract mates or prey.... (Lampyridae)
Aequorea victoria, also sometimes called the crystal jelly, is a bioluminescent hydrozoan jellyfish that is found off the west coast of North America.... (a type of jellyfish)
Antarctic krill is a species of krill found in the Antarctica waters of the Southern Ocean. Antarctic krill are shrimp-like invertebrates or crustaceans that live in large schools, called swarms, sometimes reaching densities of 10,000?30,000 individual animals per cubic meter....
Vibrio fischeri is a gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium found globally in the ocean environments. V. fischeri has bioluminescence properties, and is found predominantly in symbiosis with various marine animals, such as the bobtail squid.... (a common marine bacterium)
Foxfire is the term for the bioluminescence created in the right conditions by a few species of fungus that decay wood. The luminescence is often attributed to members of the genus Armillaria, the Honey mushroom, though others are reported, and as many as 40 individual species have been identified....
File:Blesk.jpgLightning is an Earth's atmosphere discharge of electricity usually accompanied by thunder, which typically occurs during thunderstorms, and sometimes during volcano or dust storms....
Triboluminescence is an optical phenomenon in which light is generated when asymmetrical crystal bonds in a material are broken when that material is scratched, crushed, or rubbed....
Magma is molten Rock that is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and may also exist on other terrestrial planets. Besides molten rock, magma may also contain suspended crystals and gas bubbles....
In physics and chemistry, plasma is a partially ionized gas, in which a certain proportion of electrons are free rather than being bound to an atom or molecule....
Chemiluminescence is the emission oflight with limited emission of heat , as the result of a chemical reaction. Given reactants A and B, with an excited reactive intermediate ?,... (Lightstick
Lightstick
File:Glowstick.svgA glow stick is a single-use translucent plastic tube containing isolated substances which when combined are capable of producing light through a chemical reaction-induced chemoluminescence which does not require an electrical power source.... s)
Fluorescence is a luminescence that is mostly found as an optical phenomenon in cold bodies, in which the molecular absorption of a photon triggers the emission of a photon with a longer wavelength....
File:Phosphorescence.jpgFile:Phosphorescent.jpgPhosphorescence is a specific type of photoluminescence related to fluorescent. Unlike fluorescence, a phosphorescent material does not immediately re-emit the radiation it absorbs....
The Argand lamp was invented and patented in 1780 by Aim? Argand. It greatly improved on the home lighting oil lamp of the day by producing a light equivalent to about 6 to 10 candles....
Carbide lamps, also known as acetylene gas lamps, are simple lamps that produce and burn acetylene which is created by the reaction of calcium carbide with water ....
The Betty lamp is thought to be of Germany, Austrian, or Hungary origin. The Betty Lamp first came into use in the 18th century. They were commonly made of iron or brass and were most often used in the home or workshop....
Butter lamps are a conspicuous feature of Tibetan Buddhist lhakhang and monasteries throughout the Himalayas. The lamps traditionally burn clarified butter yak butter, but now often use vegetable oil....
A candle is a source of light, and sometimes a source of heat, consisting of a solid block of fuel and an embedded candle wick.Today, most candles are made from paraffin.... s
Gas lighting refers to a technology used to produce lighting from a gaseous fuel including hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, propane, butane, or ethylene....
An incandescent gas mantle, gas mantle, or Welsbach mantle is a device for generating bright white light when heated by a flame. The name refers to its original heat source, existing gas lights which filled the street lighting of Europe and North America in the late 19th century, mantle referring to the way it was hung above the f...
The kerosene lamp is any type of lighting device which uses kerosene as a fuel. There are two main types of kerosene lamp which work in different ways, the "wick lamp" and the "pressure lamp".... s
A lantern is a portable lighting device used to illuminate broad areas. Lanterns may be used for signaling, or as general light sources for camping.... s
Limelight is a type of stage lighting once used in theatres and music halls. An intense illumination is created when an Oxyhydrogen is directed at a cylinder of lime , which can be raised to 2572?C before melting.... s
An oil lamp is a simple vessel used to produce light continuously for a period of time from a fuel source. The use of oil lamps extends from prehistory to the present day.... s
A rushlight is a type of candle formed using the dried pith of the Juncaceae as its wick. The green Epidermis or rind is peeled off to reveal the inner pith, aside from a single strip left to provide support.... s
A safety lamp is any of several types of Light fixture, which are designed to be safe to use in coal mines. These lamps are designed to operate in air that may contain coal dust, methane, or firedamp, all of which are potentially flammable or explosive.... s
The Davy lamp is a safety lamp containing a candle, devised in 1815 by Sir Humphry Davy. It was created for use in coal mines, allowing deep seams to be mined despite the presence of methane and other flammable gases, called firedamp or minedamp.... s
The Geordie lamp was invented by George Stephenson in 1815 as a solution to explosions due to firedamp in coal mines.Although controversy arose between Stephenson's design and the Davy lamp, , Stephenson's original design worked on significantly different principles.... s
Originally, a torch was a portable source of fire used as a source of light, usually a rod-shaped piece of wood with a rag soaked in pitch and/or some other flammable material wrapped around one end.... es
The carbon button lamp is a single-electrode incandescent lamp invented by Nikola Tesla during his effort to get around the Thomas Edison patent for the incandescent light bulb....
A halogen lamp is an Incandescent light bulb in which a tungsten filament is sealed into a compact transparent envelope filled with an inert gas, plus a small amount of halogen such as iodine or bromine.... s
A Globar is a silicon carbide rod of 5 to 10 mm width and 20 to 50 mm length which is electrically heated up to 1000 to 1650 ?C . When combined with a downstream variable interference filter, it emits radiation from 4 to 15 micrometres wavelength....
Nernst lamps were an early form of Electricity incandescent lamps. Nernst lamps did not use a glowing tungsten filament. Instead, they used a ceramic rod that was heated to incandescence....
A light-emitting diode , is an electronic light source. The LED was discovered in the early 20th century, and introduced as a practical electronic component in 1962.... s
An Organic Light Emitting Diode , also Light Emitting Polymer and Organic Electro Luminescence , is any Light Emitting Diode whose Emission electroluminescence layer is composed of a film of organic compounds.... s
Solid-state lighting refers to a type of lighting that utilizes light-emitting diodes , organic light-emitting diodes , or polymer light-emitting diodes as sources of illumination rather than electrical filaments, Plasma , or gas lighting....
A LED lamp is a type of Solid-state lighting that uses light-emitting diodes as the source of light. They usually comprise clusters of LEDs in a suitable housing....
Electroluminescent wire is a thin copper wire coated in a phosphor which glows when an Alternating current Current is applied to it. It can be used in a wide variety of applications- vehicle and/or structure decoration, safety and emergency lighting, toys, clothing etc - much as rope light or Christmas lights are often used.... s
A fluorescent lamp or fluorescent tube is a gas-discharge lamp that uses electricity to Excited state mercury vapor. The excited mercury atoms produce short-wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluorescence, producing Light.... s
File:Energiesparlampe 01 retouched.jpgA compact fluorescent lamp , also known as a compact fluorescent light or energy saving light , is a type of fluorescent lamp.... s
File:Ultraviolet.svgA Black light or UV Light is a lamp emitting electromagnetic radiation that is almost exclusively in the soft ultraviolet range, and emits very little Optical spectrum....
In contrast with all other electrical lamps that use electrical connections through the lamp envelope to transfer power to the lamp, in electrodeless lamps the power needed to generate light is transferred from the outside of the lamp envelope by means of electromagnetic field....
A hollow cathode lamp is type of lamp used in physics and chemistry as a spectral line source and as a frequency tuning for light sources such as lasers....
A neon lamp is a gas discharge lamp containing primarily neon gas at low pressure. The term is sometimes used for similar devices filled with other noble gases, usually to produce different colors....
Plasma lamps are novelty items which were most popular in the 1980s. The plasma lamp was invented by Nikola Tesla after his experimentation with high frequency electric current in an evacuated glass vacuum tube for the purpose of studying high voltage phenomena, but the modern versions were first designed by Bill Parker .... s
The Ceramic discharge metal halide lamp is a relatively new source of light that is a variation of the old mercury-vapour lamp. The discharge is contained in a ceramic tube.... s
Hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide, or HMI, is a Mercury -halide gas discharge medium arc-length lamp with a multi-line spectra emission. The name implies that hydrargyrum, an archaic term for Mercury , is held as a vapour mixed with other rare halides in a quartz-glass envelope with two tungsten-coated electrodes of medium arc separation... lamps
A mercury-vapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp which uses Mercury in an excited state to produce light. The arc discharge is generally confined to a small fused quartz arc tube mounted within a larger borosilicate glass bulb.... s
Metal halide lamps, a member of the high-intensity discharge family of lamps, produce high light output for their size, making them a compact, powerful, and efficient light source.... s
A sodium vapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp which uses sodium in an excited state to produce light. There are two varieties of such lamps: low pressure and high pressure.... s
A xenon arc lamp is an Lighting source. Powered by electricity, it uses ionized xenon gas to produce a bright white light that closely mimics natural daylight.... s
The sulfur lamp is a highly lighting efficiency full-spectrum electrodeless lighting system whose light is generated by sulfur Plasma that has been Electron excitation by microwave radiation.... s
Radioluminescence is the phenomenon by which luminescence is produced in a material by the bombardment of ionizing radiation such as beta particles.... (formerly used on watch and clock dials)
Self-powered lighting is a generic term describing devices that emit light continuously without an external power source. Self-powered lighting is most frequently used on wristwatches , gun sights, and certain emergency and tactical equipment....
Photometry is the science of measurement of light, in terms of its perceived brightness to the human eye. It is distinct from radiometry, which is the science of measurement of radiant energy in terms of absolute power; rather, in photometry, the radiant power at each wavelength is weighted by a luminosity function that models human b...
A spectrograph is an optical instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, typically used in spectroscopic analysis to identify materials....
External links
Color spectrographs of common light sources
- Dozens of raw visible spectra of a wide variety of light sources.
An , or 'message board', is an online discussion site. It is the modern equivalent of a traditional bulletin board, and a technological evolution of the dialup bulletin board system.... dedicated to the discussion of light sources
- A Technology Portal and Magazine about LEDs and its Lighting environment
