List of firsts

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Government

Laws and constitution

• First law written in cuneiform
  Cuneiform Law
  
  Cuneiform law refers to any of the legal codes written in cuneiform script, that were developed and used throughout the ancient Middle East among the Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Elamites, Hurrians, Kassites, and Hittites....
   - by Urukagina
  Urukagina
  
  Urukagina , alternately rendered as Uruinimgina or Irikagina, was a ruler of the city-state Lagash in Mesopotamia. He is best known for his reforms to combat corruption, which are sometimes cited as the first example of a legal code in recorded history....
   2350 BC
• First codified Constitution
  Constitution
  
  A constitution is a system for government — often codified as a written document — that establishes the rules and principles of an autonomous political entity....
   - the oldest codified constitution in the world, Sumeria ca. 2300 BC

Leaders

Antiquity to the seventeenth century

• First Emperor
  Emperor
  
  An emperor is a monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress is the female equivalent. As a title, "empress" may indicate the wife of an emperor or a woman who rules in her own right ....
   of Ancient China
  History of China
  
  China civilization originated in various city-states along the Yellow River valley in the Neolithic era. The written history of China begins with the Shang Dynasty ....
  : Qin Shi Huang
  Qin Shi Huang
  
  Qin Shi Huang , personal name Ying Zheng , was king of the Chinese Qin from 246 BCE to 221 BCE during the Warring States Period. He became the first emperor of a unified China in 221 BCE....
   (ca. 221 BC)
• First Emperor
  Emperor
  
  An emperor is a monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress is the female equivalent. As a title, "empress" may indicate the wife of an emperor or a woman who rules in her own right ....
   of Ancient Rome
  Roman Empire
  
  The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
  : Augustus (ca. 27 BC)

• First Bishop of Rome to condemn heresy: Anicetus
  Pope Anicetus
  
  Pope Saint Anicetus was Bishop of Rome from about 154 to about 167 . His name is Greek language for unconquered. He was a Syriac from the city of Emesa , Syria....
  , by forbidding Montanism
  Montanism
  
  Montanism was an Early Christianity movement of the early 2nd century A.D., named after its founder Montanus. It originated at Hierapolis where Papias was bishop and flourished throughout the region of Phrygia, leading to the movement being referred to as Cataphrygian ....
  , also actively opposed the Gnostics and Marcionism
  Marcionism
  
  Marcionism is an Early Christian Dualism belief system that originates in the teachings of Marcion of Sinope at Rome around the year 144. Marcion affirmed Jesus Christ as the savior sent by God and Paul as his chief apostle, but he rejected the Hebrew Bible and Yahweh....
  
• First Bishop of Rome to be called "Pope
  Pope
  
  The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church and head of state of Vatican City. The current pope is Pope Benedict XVI, who was elected April 19, 2005 in Papal conclave, 2005....
  ": Siricius
  Pope Siricius
  
  Pope Saint Siricius, Bishop of Rome from December 384 until his death on 26 November 399, was successor to Pope Damasus I and was himself succeeded by Pope Anastasius I....
  
• First antipope
  Antipope
  
  An antipope is a person who, in opposition to a sitting Bishop of Rome, makes a widely accepted claim to be the Pope. In the past, antipopes were typically those supported by a fairly significant faction of cardinal and kingdoms....
  : Hippolytus
  Hippolytus (writer)
  
  For places named after the saint, see Saint-HippolyteSaint Hippolytus of Rome was one of the most prolific writers of the early Christian Church....
   (d. 235)
• First pope to adopt a regnal name
  Regnal name
  
  A regnal name, or reign name, is a formal name used by some popes and monarchs during their reigns. Since medieval times, monarchs have frequently chosen to use a name different from their own personal name when they inherit a throne....
  : Pope John II
  Pope John II
  
  Pope John II was pope from 533 to 535.He was the son of a certain Projectus, born in Rome and a priest of the Basilica di San Clemente on the Caelian Hill....
   (b. "Mercurius"; d. 535)
• First Tsar
  Tsar
  
  Tsar or czar , occasionally spelled csar or tzar in English language, is a slavs term designating certain monarchs.Originally, the title Czar meant Emperor in the European medieval sense of the term, that is, a ruler who has the same rank as a Ancient Rome or Byzantine emperor due to recognition by another emperor or...
   (Tzar): Simeon I of Bulgaria
  Simeon I of Bulgaria
  
  Simeon I the Great ruled over Bulgaria from 893 to 927, during the First Bulgarian Empire. Simeon's successful campaigns against the Byzantine Empire, Magyars and Serbs led Bulgaria to its greatest territorial expansion ever, making it the most powerful state in contemporary Eastern Europe....
   (913)
• First Christian
  Christian
  
  A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a Monotheism#Christian view religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus and interpreted by Christians to have been prophesied in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament....
   Monarch
  List of Swedish monarchs
  
  This is a list of Sweden monarchs, that is, the King of Sweden, with regents and viceroys of the Kalmar Union up until the present time.The earliest record of what is generally considered to be a Swedish king appears in Tacitus' work Germania, c....
   of Sweden
  Sweden
  
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and it is connected to Denmark by the ?resund Bridge in the south....
  : Olof Skötkonung
  Olof of Sweden
  
  Olof Sk?tkonung was the son of Eric the Victorious and Sigrid the Haughty. He was born around 980 and he succeeded his father in 995. One of many explanations to his Swedish name Sk?tkonung is that it means "tributary king" and one scholar speculates about a tributary relationship to the Danish king Sweyn Forkbeard, who was his stepfat...
   (995)

Eighteenth century onwards

• First de facto Prime Minister of Great Britain: Robert Walpole
  Robert Walpole
  
  Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, Order of the Garter, Order of the Bath, Privy Council of Great Britain , known before 1742 as Sir Robert Walpole, was a Kingdom of Great Britain statesman who is generally regarded as having been the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom....
   (1721)
• First official Prime Minister of the United Kingdom: William Pitt the Younger
  William Pitt the Younger
  
  William Pitt, the Younger was a Kingdom of Great Britain politician of the late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century. He became the youngest Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in 1783 at the age of 24....
   (first term, 1783-1801)
• First President of Chile
  Chile
  
  Chile, officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow coastal strip wedged between the Andes mountains and the Pacific Ocean....
  : Manuel Blanco Encalada
  Manuel Blanco Encalada
  
  Manuel Jos? Blanco y Calvo de Encalada was a Vice-Admiral in the Chilean Navy, a political figure, and Chile's first President .Blanco Encalada, the son of Manuel Lorenzo Blanco Cicer?n and of Mercedes Calvo de Encalada y Recabarren ....
  . (1826)
• First Prime Minister of Canada
  Prime Minister of Canada
  
  The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary Minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet of Canada, and thus head of government of Canada. The office is not outlined in any of the documents that constitute the written portion of the constitution of Canada; executive authority is formally vested in the Monarchy of Canada and exercised on hi...
  : Sir John A. Macdonald
  John A. Macdonald
  
  Sir John Alexander Macdonald, Order of the Bath, Order of St Michael and St George, Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, Queen's Privy Council for Canada, was the first Prime Minister of Canada and the dominant figure of Canadian Confederation....
   (1867)
• First Prime Minister of Sweden
  Prime Minister of Sweden
  
  The Prime Minister is the head of government in Sweden. Before 1876, when the office of Prime Minister was instituted, Sweden did not have a formal head of government....
  : Louis De Geer (1876)
• First Prime Minister of Australia
  Prime Minister of Australia
  
  The Prime Minister of Australia is the head of government of the Australia, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia....
  : Edmund Barton
  Edmund Barton
  
  Sir Edmund Barton, Order of St Michael and St George, Queen's Counsel , Australian politician and judge, was the first Prime Minister of Australia and a founding justice of the High Court of Australia....
   (1901)
• First Native American
  Native Americans in the United States
  
  Native Americans in the United States are the Indigenous peoples of the Americas from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States United States, including parts of Alaska and the island state of Hawaii....
   Woman Attorney
  Lawyer
  
  A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an Attorney at law, counsel or solicitor; a person licensed to practice fraud." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain stability, and deliver justice....
  : Lyda Conley
  Lyda Conley
  
  Eliza Burton "Lyda" Conley was an American lawyer of Native American and European descent, the first woman admitted to the Kansas bar. She was notable for her campaign to prevent the sale and development of the Huron Cemetery in Kansas City, now known as the Wyandot National Burying Ground....
   (1902)
• First Native American
  Native Americans in the United States
  
  Native Americans in the United States are the Indigenous peoples of the Americas from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States United States, including parts of Alaska and the island state of Hawaii....
   woman admitted to argue a case before the U.S. Supreme Court: Lyda Conley
  Lyda Conley
  
  Eliza Burton "Lyda" Conley was an American lawyer of Native American and European descent, the first woman admitted to the Kansas bar. She was notable for her campaign to prevent the sale and development of the Huron Cemetery in Kansas City, now known as the Wyandot National Burying Ground....
   (1909)
• First woman elected to the British House of Commons: Countess Markiewicz, December 1918 general election (did not take her seat)
• First woman to take a seat in the British House of Commons: Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor
  Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor
  
  Nancy Witcher Astor, Viscountess Astor, Companion of Honour, was the first woman to serve as a Member of Parliament in the British House of Commons ....
  , by-election, 28 November 1919
• First female Acting President:

• First female Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada: Beverley McLachlin
  Beverley McLachlin
  
  Beverley McLachlin, Queen's Privy Council for Canada is the List of Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada of Canada, the first woman to hold that position....
   (appointed 2000)
• First female Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada: Bertha Wilson
  Bertha Wilson
  
  Bertha Wernham Wilson, Order of Canada was a Canada jurist and the first woman Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada.Early life...
   (appointed 1982)

In the US

See main article List of firsts in the United States

List of firsts in the United States

This is a list of firsts in the United States....

• First recorded victim of the punishment of hanging, drawing and quartering: Dafydd ap Gruffydd
  Dafydd ap Gruffydd
  
  Dafydd ap Gruffydd was Prince of Wales from 11 December 1282 until his execution on 3 October 1283....
  . October 3, 1283
• First person to be executed by the guillotine
  Guillotine
  
  The guillotine consists of a tall upright frame from which a long, smooth, heavy blade is suspended. This blade is raised with a rope and then allowed to drop, severing the victim's head from his or her body....
  : Nicolas J. Pelletier, highwayman
  Highwayman
  
  The word highwayman is first attested from the year 1617. The term "highwayman" is mainly applied to robbers who travelled on a horse, as opposed to those who robbed on foot ....
  . April 25, 1792
• First death by electric chair
  Electric chair
  
  Execution by electrocution is an execution method originating in the United States in which the person being put to death is strapped to a specially built wooden chair and electric shock through electrodes placed on the body....
  : William Kemmler
  William Kemmler
  
  William Kemmler of Buffalo, New York was the first person to be Execution d via electric chair....
  , 1890.
• First instance of a murder captured live on television: Jack Ruby
  Jack Ruby
  
  Jacob Rubenstein , who legally changed his name to Jack Leon Ruby in 1947, was an United States nightclub operator in Dallas, Texas, Texas....
   killing Lee Harvey Oswald
  Lee Harvey Oswald
  
  Lee Harvey Oswald was, according to three United States government investigations, the John F. Kennedy assassination of President of the United States John F....
  . November 24, 1963. (See pic).
• First commercial airliner to be hijacked : Miss Macao
  Miss Macao
  
  Miss Macao was a PBY Catalina seaplane, owned by Cathay Pacific and operated by a subsidiary. On 16 July 1948 she became the victim of the first air hijacking of a commercial aircraft....
  , owned by Cathay Pacific
  Cathay Pacific
  
  Cathay Pacific Airways is the flag carrier of Hong Kong. Based at Hong Kong International Airport, the airline's operations include scheduled passenger and cargo services to 115 destinations worldwide....
  , on a flight from Macau
  Macau
  
  The Macau Special Administrative Region, , commonly known as Macau or Macao , is one of the two special administrative region of the People's Republic of China, the other being Hong Kong....
   to Hong Kong
  Hong Kong
  
  Hong Kong , officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located in Southern China in East Asia, bordering the province of Guangdong to the north and facing the South China Sea to the east, west and south....
  , 16 July, 1948

See also List of circumnavigations

List of circumnavigations

Global maritime * Ferdinand Magellan, 1511–1521 . In 1511 he visited the Moluccas . He returned to Portugal and set out in 1519 to circumnavigate the globe, while in the service of the Spanish crown....
.

• First known crossing of the Atlantic Ocean
  Atlantic Ocean
  
  The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceanic divisions; with a total area of about 106.4 million square kilometres . It covers approximately one-fifth of the Earth's surface....
  : Leif Ericson
  Leif Ericson
  
  Leif Ericson was a Norsemen explorer who was probably the first European to land in North America . According to the Sagas of Icelanders, he established a Norse settlement at Vinland, which has been tentatively identified with the L'Anse aux Meadows Norse site on the northern tip of the island of Newfoundland in Newfoundland and Labrador,...
  , around 1010
• First crossing of the Pacific Ocean
  Pacific Ocean
  
  The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. Its name is derived from the Latin name Mare Pacificum, "peaceful sea", bestowed upon it by the Portugal explorer Ferdinand Magellan....
  : Ferdinand Magellan
  Ferdinand Magellan
  
  Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese people List of maritime explorers who, while in the service of the Spanish Crown, tried to find a westward route to the Spice Islands of Indonesia....
  , 1520-21.
• First people to reach the South Pole
  South Pole
  
  The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where the Earth's rotation intersects the surface....
  : Roald Amundsen
  Roald Amundsen
  
  Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen , was a Norwegian people Exploration of polar regions. He led the first Antarctica expedition to reach the South Pole between 1910 and 1912....
   and his party - Olav Bjaaland
  Olav Bjaaland
  
  Olav Bjaaland was a Norwegian ski champion from Telemark. In 1911, he was one of the first five men to reach the South Pole as part of an expedition led by Roald Amundsen....
  , Helmer Hanssen
  Helmer Hanssen
  
  Helmer Julius Hanssen was a Norway polar explorer, and one of the first five to reach the South Pole on the expedition of Roald Amundsen.Hanssen was born in Ris?yhavn, a small village in the northern part of Norway....
  , Sverre Hassel
  Sverre Hassel
  
  Sverre Helge Hassel was a Norway polar explorer and one of the first five people to reach the South Pole.Sverre Hassel was born in Oslo, and as soon as he was old enough, he went to sea, earning his mate's certificate....
  , and Oscar Wisting
  Oscar Wisting
  
  Oscar Adolf Wisting was a Norway polar explorer.Together with Roald Amundsen he was the first person to reach both to the North and South Poles....
  . December 14, 1911
• First (and only, ) people to reach the deepest point on the surface of the earth, the Challenger Deep
  Challenger Deep
  
  The Challenger Deep is the deepest surveyed point in the oceans, with a depth of about 11,000 metres . The exact depth is unknown. It is located in the Mariana Islands group at the southern end of the Mariana Trench....
   in the Mariana Trench
  Mariana Trench
  
  The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans, and the deepest location on the surface of the Earth's Crust . It has a maximum depth of about 10,911 meters , and is located in the western North Pacific Ocean, to the east and south of the Mariana Islands, near Guam....
  , Pacific Ocean
  Pacific Ocean
  
  The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. Its name is derived from the Latin name Mare Pacificum, "peaceful sea", bestowed upon it by the Portugal explorer Ferdinand Magellan....
  : Jacques Piccard
  Jacques Piccard
  
  Jacques Piccard was a Switzerland oceanographer and engineer, known for having developed underwater vehicles for studying ocean currents. He is one of only two people, along with Lt....
   and Lieutenant Don Walsh
  Don Walsh
  
  Don Walsh is an American oceanographer, explorer and marine policy specialist. He and Jacques Piccard were aboard the bathyscaphe Bathyscaphe Trieste when it made a record-breaking descent into the Challenger Deep, the deepest point in the world's oceans....
   on the Bathyscaphe Trieste
  Bathyscaphe Trieste
  
  The Trieste was a Switzerland-designed deep-diving research bathyscaphe with a crew of two, which reached a record-breaking depth of about , in the deepest part of any ocean on Earth, the Challenger Deep in the Marianas Trench, in January 1960....
  . January 23, 1960
• First people to scale K2
  K2
  
  K2 is the second-List of highest mountains mountain on Earth . With a peak elevation of , K2 is part of the Karakoram segment of the Himalayan mountain range, and is located on the border between Pakistan's northern territories, and the Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County of Xinjiang, China....
  , the world's second-highest peak: Lino Lacedelli and Achille Compagnoni of the party led by Ardito Desio and Mario Puchoz. July 29, 1954
• First mother and son to row any ocean: Janice Meek
  Janice Meek
  
  Janice Meek FRGS is a Guinness World Record holding adventurer, ocean rowing, international motivational speaker and polar adventurer. In 1997 she took part in the first ever Atlantic Rowing Race, the ,successfully crossing the Atlantic Ocean unsupported in wooden rowing boat in 101 days with her son Daniel Byles....
   and Daniel Byles
  Daniel Byles
  
  Daniel Alan Byles FRGS is an England mountaineer, sailor, ocean rowing, and polar adventurer. In 1997 he took part in the first ever Atlantic Rowing Race, the , successfully crossing the Atlantic Ocean unsupported in a wooden rowing boat in 101 days with his mother Janice Meek....
  , (1998)
• First Shipwreck: see oldest shipwreck

Also see: list of early flying machines

List of early flying machines

This is a listing of early flying machines.Claims regarding early flying machines vary in countries, books and encyclopedias. They all use different criteria when considering, among others, the validity of a claim, and the meaning of the phrase flying machine....
.

• First person in flight: Bartolomeu de Gusmão
  Bartolomeu de Gusmão
  
  Bartolomeu de Gusm?o, born Bartolomeu Louren?o de Gusm?o , was a Portugal priest and Natural history born in Colonial Brazil, recalled for his early work on lighter-than-air airship design....
   in a balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
   filled with heated air at the hall of the Casa da India in Lisbon
  Lisbon
  
  Lisbon is the Capital and largest city of Portugal. It is also the seat of the Lisbon and capital of the Lisbon region. Its municipalities of Portugal, which matches the city proper excluding the larger continuous conurbation, has a municipal population of 564,477 in , while the Lisbon Metropolitan Area in total has around 2.8 million inha...
  . August 8, 1709. (However, this claim is not generally recognized by aviation historians outside the Portuguese speaking community, in particular the FAI
  Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
  
  The F?d?ration A?ronautique Internationale is the world governing body for air sports and aeronautics and astronautics world records. This includes man-carrying vehicles from Balloon to spacecraft, and unmanned vehicles ....
  .)
• First recorded manned flight: In a hot air balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
   built by the Montgolfier brothers
  Montgolfier brothers
  
  Joseph-Michael Montgolfier and Jacques-?tienne Montgolfier were the inventors of the Hot_air_balloon#Montgolfiere, globe a?rostatique or airship....
   and piloted by Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and Marquis d'Arlandes, from the Château de la Muette
  Château de la Muette
  
  The Ch?teau de la Muette is a ch?teau located on the edge of the Bois de Boulogne in Paris, near the Porte de la Muette.Three ch?teaux have been located on the site since a hunting lodge was transformed into the first ch?teau for Marguerite de Valois, the first wife of Henri IV of France, in the 16th century....
   to the Butte-aux-Cailles
  Butte-aux-Cailles
  
  The Butte-aux-Cailles is a neighbourhood of Paris, France located in the XIIIe arrondissement on one of the hills in the southeast corner of the city....
  , Paris
  Paris
  
  Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
  . November 21, 1783.
• First women in a flight: The Marchioness and Countess of Montalembert, the Countess of Podenas and Miss de Lagarde, in a tethered balloon in Paris. May 20, 1784.
• First woman in a untethered balloon: Elizabeth Thible, in order to entertain Gustav III of Sweden
  Gustav III of Sweden
  
  Gustav III was Monarchy of Sweden from 1771 until his death. He was the eldest son of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, sister of Frederick the Great....
   in Lyon
  Lyon
  
  ||-||}Lyon, also known as Lyons in English, is a city in east-central France. Its name is pronounced in French language and Franco-Proven?al language, and or in English language....
  . June 4, 1784.
• First woman to pilot her own balloon: Sophie Blanchard
  Sophie Blanchard
  
  Sophie Blanchard was a French aeronautics and the wife of Balloon pioneer Jean-Pierre Blanchard. Blanchard was the first woman to work as a professional balloonist, and after her husband's death she continued ballooning, making more than 60 ascents....
  , when she flew solo from the garden of the Cloister of the Jacobins in Toulouse
  Toulouse
  
  Toulouse is a commune of France in southwest France on the banks of the Garonne, half-way between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea....
  . August 18, 1805.
• First woman who adopted ballooning
  Ballooning
  
  Ballooning may refer to:* Hot air ballooning* Balloon ...
   as a career: Sophie Blanchard
  Sophie Blanchard
  
  Sophie Blanchard was a French aeronautics and the wife of Balloon pioneer Jean-Pierre Blanchard. Blanchard was the first woman to work as a professional balloonist, and after her husband's death she continued ballooning, making more than 60 ascents....
   (1778 – 1819).
• First aviation disaster
  Aviation accidents and incidents
  
  An aviation accident is roughly defined in the Convention on International Civil Aviation Annex 13 as an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight and all such persons have disembarked, in which a person is fatally or seriously injur...
  : When the town of Tullamore
  Tullamore
  
  Tullamore is a town in County Offaly, in the Midlands of Ireland of Republic of Ireland. It is Offaly's county town and the centre of a district the population of which totals around 15,000....
  , County Offaly
  County Offaly
  
  County Offaly is a county in Leinster, Ireland, bordered by seven other counties: County Galway, County Roscommon, County Westmeath, County Meath, County Kildare, County Laois, and County Tipperary....
  , Ireland
  Ireland
  
  Ireland is the List of islands by area in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islet....
   was seriously damaged when the crash of a balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
   resulted in a fire that burned down about 100 houses. May 1785.
• First woman to be killed in an aviation accident
  Aviation accidents and incidents
  
  An aviation accident is roughly defined in the Convention on International Civil Aviation Annex 13 as an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight and all such persons have disembarked, in which a person is fatally or seriously injur...
  : Sophie Blanchard
  Sophie Blanchard
  
  Sophie Blanchard was a French aeronautics and the wife of Balloon pioneer Jean-Pierre Blanchard. Blanchard was the first woman to work as a professional balloonist, and after her husband's death she continued ballooning, making more than 60 ascents....
  , when her hydrogen-filled balloon caught fire and crashed to the ground. July 6, 1819.
• First victims of an air crash: Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and Pierre Romain, when their Rozière balloon
  Rozière balloon
  
  The Rozi?re balloon is a type of hybrid balloon that has separate chambers for a non-heated lifting gas as well as a heated lifting gas This type of aircraft takes its name from its creator, Jean-Fran?ois Pil?tre de Rozier....
   deflated and crashed to the ground near Wimereux
  Wimereux
  
  Wimereux is a communes of the Pas-de-Calais d?partement in the Pas-de-Calais departments of France in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France....
   in the Pas-de-Calais
  Pas-de-Calais
  
  Pas-de-Calais is a Departments of France in northern France. Its name is the French language equivalent of the Strait of Dover, which it borders....
  . 15 June 1785.
• First person to die in a crash of a powered airplane: Thomas Selfridge
  Thomas Selfridge
  
  Thomas Etholen Selfridge was a First Lieutenant in the United States Army and the first person to die in a crash of a powered fixed-wing aircraft....
  . September 17, 1908
• First people to reach the stratosphere
  Stratosphere
  
  The stratosphere is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. It is stratified in temperature, with warmer layers higher up and cooler layers farther down....
  : Auguste Piccard and Paul Kipfer in a balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
  . May 27, 1931.
• First non-stop flight around the Earth: Bertrand Piccard
  Bertrand Piccard
  
  Dr. Bertrand Piccard is a Switzerland psychiatrist and balloon .He was born in Utah, Hollady canton. His grandfather Auguste Piccard and father, Jacques Piccard, were noted balloonists and inventors....
   and Brian Jones
  Brian Jones (aeronaut)
  
  Brian Jones is an English balloon .Brian Jones, along with Bertrand Piccard, co-piloted the first successful uninterrupted circumnavigation of the world on board the balloon Breitling Orbiter....
  , from Château d'Oex, Switzerland
  Switzerland
  
  Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....
   to Egypt
  Egypt
  
  Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
  , on board the balloon Breitling Orbiter 3
  Breitling Orbiter
  
  Breitling Orbiter was the name of three different Rozi?re balloon made by Cameron Balloons to circumnavigate the globe. The first two balloons never made it, while the Breitling Orbiter 3 made a successful attempt in 1999 ....
  . Between March 1, 1999 and March 20, 1999, taking a total time of 19 days, 21 hours and 47 minutes.
• First solo non-stop flight around the Earth: Steve Fossett
  Steve Fossett
  
  James Stephen Fossett was an United States businessman, aviator, sailor, and adventurer and the first person to fly solo nonstop around the world in a balloon....
   — from Northam
  Northam, Western Australia
  
  Northam is a town in Western Australia, situated at the confluence of the Avon River, Western Australia and Mortlock Rivers, about north-east of Perth, Western Australia in the Avon Valley....
  , Western Australia
  Western Australia
  
  Western Australia is a States and territories of Australia occupying the entire western third of the Australia . The nation's largest state and the second largest subnational entity in the world, it has 2.1 million inhabitants , 85% of whom live in the south-west corner of the state....
   to Queensland
  Queensland
  
  Queensland is a States and territories of Australia of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory to the west, South Australia to the south-west and New South Wales to the south....
  , Australia
  Australia
  
  Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere comprising the Australia of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and numerous list of islands of Australia in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans....
  , on a 10-story high balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
   Spirit of Freedom. Between June 19, 2002 and July 3, 2002, taking a total time of 13 days, 8 hours, 33 minutes.
• First non-stop fixed-wing aircraft flight around the Earth: Steve Fossett
  Steve Fossett
  
  James Stephen Fossett was an United States businessman, aviator, sailor, and adventurer and the first person to fly solo nonstop around the world in a balloon....
   — from Salina
  Salina, Kansas
  
  Salina is a city in and the county seat of Saline County, Kansas, Kansas, United States. First settled in 1856 along the Saline River and Smoky Hill Rivers and founded by William A....
  , Kansas
  Kansas
  
  The State of Kansas is a Midwestern U.S. state in the Central United States of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the United States "Heartland"....
   eastbound and back, on a Virgin Atlantic Global Flyer. Between February 28, 2005 and March 3, 2005, taking a total time of 67 hours, 1 minute, 10 second.
• First non-stop trans-Atlantic flight: Alcock and Brown
  Alcock and Brown
  
  British aviators Alcock and Brown made the first non-stop Transatlantic flight in June 1919. They flew a modified World War I Vickers Vimy bomber from St....
   — St. John's, Newfoundland
  St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
  
  St. John's is the Provinces of Canada capital of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada and located on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the Newfoundland ....
   to a bog near Clifden
  Clifden
  
  Clifden is a town on the coast of County Galway, Republic of Ireland and being Connemara's largest town, it is often referred to as "the Capital of Connemara"....
  , Ireland
  Ireland
  
  Ireland is the List of islands by area in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islet....
  , 14-15 June, 1919
• First trans-Pacific solo flight in a balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
  : Steve Fossett
  Steve Fossett
  
  James Stephen Fossett was an United States businessman, aviator, sailor, and adventurer and the first person to fly solo nonstop around the world in a balloon....
   — from South Korea
  South Korea
  
  South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea , ), often referred to as Korea and the "names of Korea#Revival of the names", is a Semi-presidential system republic in East Asia, located in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula....
   to Leader, Saskatchewan
  Saskatchewan
  
  Saskatchewan is a prairie provinces in Canada, which has an area of 588,276.09 square kilometres and a population of 1,015,895 , mostly living in the southern half of the province....
  , Canada
  Canada
  
  Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
  . February 21, 1995
• First gas balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
   flight: Professor Jacques Charles
  Jacques Charles
  
  Jacques Alexandre C?sar Charles was a French inventor, scientist, mathematician, and balloonist.Charles was born in Beaugency-sur-Loire, and made the first flight of a hydrogen balloon on August 271783.This balloon was destroyed by terrified peasants when it landed outside of Paris....
   and Nicholas Louis Robert, in a hydrogen-filled balloon, from Paris
  Paris
  
  Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
   to Nesle
  Nesle
  
  Nesle is a communes of the Somme d?partement in the Somme d?partement in France in the Picardie region of France....
   December 1, 1783.
• First flight in an engine-driven airship: Alberto Santos Dumont in a balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
   powered by an internal combustion engine
  Internal combustion engine
  
  The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of a fuel occurs in a combustion chamber inside and integral to the engine. In an internal combustion engine it is always the expansion of the high temperature and pressure gases that are produced by the combustion which apply force to the movable component of the engine, such as...
  . 1898.
• First flight across the English Channel
  English Channel
  
  The English Channel is an Arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates England from northern France, and joins the North Sea to the Atlantic. It is about long and varies in width from at its widest, to only in the Strait of Dover....
  : Jean-Pierre Blanchard
  Jean-Pierre Blanchard
  
  Jean-Pierre Blanchard was a France inventor, most remembered as a pioneer in aviation and balloon ....
   and John Jeffries, in a balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
  . January 7, 1785.

See List of firsts in the Geographic North Pole

List of firsts in the Geographic North Pole

This is a list of firsts in the Geographic North Pole.* First to reach the Geographic North Pole : there are two claimants, Frederick Cook, accompanied by two Inuit men, Ahwelah and Etukishook, on April 21, 1908 and Robert Edwin Peary and his employee Matthew Henson and four Inuit men Ootah, Seegloo, Egingway, and Ooqueah on April 9, 1909....
.

• First woman officially recognized for a scientific position: Caroline Herschel
  Caroline Herschel
  
  Caroline Lucretia Herschel was a Germany-born England astronomer, the sister of astronomer Sir William Herschel with whom she worked throughout both of their careers....
  , as astronomer Sir William Herschel
  William Herschel
  
  Sir Frederick William Herschel, Fellow of the Royal Society Royal Guelphic Order was a German-born British astronomer and composer who became famous for discovering Uranus....
  's assistant, 1787
• First comet
  Comet
  
  A comet is a Small Solar System body that orbits the Sun and, when close enough to the Sun, exhibits a visible coma or a tail?both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the Comet nucleus....
   discovered by a woman: Discovered by Caroline Herschel
  Caroline Herschel
  
  Caroline Lucretia Herschel was a Germany-born England astronomer, the sister of astronomer Sir William Herschel with whom she worked throughout both of their careers....
  , August 1, 1786
• First permanent photograph
  Photograph
  
  A photograph is an created by light falling on a light-sensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic imager such as a Charge-coupled device or a Complementary metal?oxide?semiconductor chip....
  : View from the Window at Le Gras, taken by Nicéphore Niépce
  Nicéphore Niépce
  
  Joseph Nic?phore Ni?pce was a France inventor, most noted as the inventor of photography and a History of photography in the field. He is well-known for taking some of the earliest photographs, dating to the 1820s....
  , June or July, 1826 or 1827.
• First permanent color photograph: Tartan Ribbon, taken by James Clerk Maxwell
  James Clerk Maxwell
  
  James Clerk Maxwell was a Scotland Mathematical physics. His most significant achievement was the development of the classical electromagnetic theory, synthesizing all previous unrelated observations, experiments and equations of electricity, magnetism and even optics into a consistent theory....
  , 1861.
• First successful creation of soda water
  Soda water
  
  Sorry, no overview for this topic
  : by Joseph Priestley
  Joseph Priestley
  
  Joseph Priestley was an 18th-century British theologian, English Dissenters clergyman, Natural philosophy, educator, and Political philosophy who published over 150 works....
  , 1796
• First skyscraper
  Skyscraper
  
  A skyscraper is a tall, continuously habitable building. There is no official definition nor height above which a building may clearly be classified as a skyscraper....
   - Woolworth Building
  Woolworth Building
  
  The Woolworth Building, at 57 stories, is one of the oldest?and one of the most famous?skyscrapers in New York City. More than 95 years after its construction, it is still one of the List of tallest buildings in the United States as well as one of the List of tallest buildings in New York City....
  , New York City
  New York City
  
  The City of New York is the List of United States cities by population in the United States, while the New York metropolitan area ranks among the List of urban areas by population....
  , 57 floors high (792 feet or 241 meters), opened on April 24, 1913.
• First steerable balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
   (also known as a dirigible
  Airship
  
  An airship or dirigible is a aerostat that can be steered and propelled through the air using rudders and propellers or other thrust. Unlike other aerodynamics aircraft such as fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters, which produce lift by moving a wing, or airfoil, through the air, aerostatic aircraft, such as airships and Balloon , stay...
  ): By Henri Giffard
  Henri Giffard
  
  Henri Giffard was a French engineer in France.Giffard invented the injector and the powered airship with a steam engine weighing over 180 kg ; it was the world's first passenger-carrying airship ....
  , 1852.
• First tethered balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
   for passengers: developed by Henri Giffard
  Henri Giffard
  
  Henri Giffard was a French engineer in France.Giffard invented the injector and the powered airship with a steam engine weighing over 180 kg ; it was the world's first passenger-carrying airship ....
   in the Tuileries Garden in Paris. 1878.
• First man-made
  Man-Made
  
  Man-Made is the eighth album by United Kingdom alternative rock band Teenage Fanclub, released in 2005. It was released on the band's own PeMa label in Europe and on Merge Records in North America....
   object to reach the stratosphere
  Stratosphere
  
  The stratosphere is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. It is stratified in temperature, with warmer layers higher up and cooler layers farther down....
  : Shell
  Shell (projectile)
  
  A shell is a payload-carrying projectile, which, as opposed to Round shot, contains an explosive or other filling, though modern usage includes large solid projectiles previously termed shot ....
   fired from the Paris Gun
  Paris Gun
  
  The Paris Gun was the name of an artillery piece with which the Germany bombarded Paris during World War I. This oversized railway gun was used from March to August 1918....
  , used during World War I
  World War I
  
  World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
  .
• First picture taken of the earth's curvature: By Alexander Dahl
  Alexander Dahl
  
  Alexander Dahl was a Germany industrialist, author und balloonist. He was the first person to take a photograph of the earth's curvature from an open hydrogen gas balloon in 1933....
   travelling in an open hydrogen gas balloon
  Balloon (aircraft)
  
  A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
  . August 31, 1933.
• First sound recording: A part of Au Clair de la Lune
  Au Clair de la Lune
  
  "Au Clair de la Lune" is a French language folk song of the eighteenth century. The author is unknown. Its simple melody is commonly taught to beginner students of various instruments, as it provides an easy way for students to become comfortable with how notes are played on their instrument....
  , recorded by Leon Scott in 1860. Note that there was neither any contemporary technology nor intention to play the recorded sound.
• First playback of recorded sound: Mary had a little lamb
  Mary had a little lamb
  
  "Mary Had a Little Lamb" is a nursery rhyme of 19th-century United States origin....
  , by Thomas Edison
  Thomas Edison
  
  Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb....
   in 1877.

For a list of firsts in organ transplants, see Organ transplant#Timeline of successful transplants

Organ transplant

Organ transplant is the moving of an organ from one body to another , for the purpose of replacing the recipient's damaged or failing organ with a working one from the donor site....

• Communication satellite firsts: Main article: List of communications satellite firsts
  List of communications satellite firsts
  
  Early milestones in the history of communications satellites....
  
• First telecommunications system: Claude Chappe
  Claude Chappe
  
  Claude Chappe was a French inventor who in 1792 demonstrated a practical semaphore line that eventually spanned all of France. This was the first practical telecommunications system of the industrial age, making Chappe the first telecom mogul....
  's semaphore lines. Between Paris
  Paris
  
  Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
   and Lille
  Lille
  
  Lille is a city in northern France. It is the principal city of the Urban Community of Lille M?tropole, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in the country behind those of Paris, Lyon and Marseille....
   in 1792
• First telephone
  Telephone
  
  The telephone is a telecommunications device that is used to transmitter and receive electronically or digitally encoded sound between two or more people conversing....
   message: Alexander Graham Bell
  Alexander Graham Bell
  
  Alexander Graham Bell was an eminent scientist, Innovation and innovator who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone.Bell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work....
   in 1876: "Mr. Watson—come here—I want to see you."
• First official adhesive postage stamp
  Postage stamp
  
  A postage stamp is adhesive paper evidence of a fee paid for Mail services. Usually a small rectangle attached to an envelope, the stamp signifies the person sending it has fully or partly paid for delivery....
  : The Penny Black
  Penny Black
  
  The Penny Black, the world's first adhesive postage stamp of a public postal system, was issued by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on 1 May, 1840, for use from 6 May of that year....
  , 1 May, 1840
• First trans-Atlantic wireless signal: the letter "S" in Morse code
  Morse code
  
  Morse code is a type of character encoding that transmits telegraphic information using rhythm. Morse code uses a standardized sequence of short and long elements to represent the alphanumeric, punctuation and special characters of a given message....
  , by Guglielmo Marconi
  Guglielmo Marconi
  
  Marchese Guglielmo Marconi was an Italy inventor, best known for his development of a radiotelegraph system, which served as the foundation for the establishment of numerous affiliated companies worldwide....
  , sent from Poldhu
  Poldhu
  
  Poldhu is a small area in south Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, situated on the The Lizard it comprises Poldhu Point and Poldhu Cove. It lies on the coast west of Goonhilly Downs, with Mullion, Cornwall 2 km to the south and Porthleven 7 km to the north....
  , Cornwall
  Cornwall
  
  Cornwall , constitutional Duchy and palatine, is a metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England of England, United Kingdom, located at the tip of the south-western peninsula of Great Britain....
  , to St. John's, Newfoundland
  St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
  
  St. John's is the Provinces of Canada capital of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada and located on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the Newfoundland ....
  , 12 December, 1901

• First case of an algorithm
  Algorithm
  
  In mathematics, computing, linguistics and related subjects, an algorithm is a sequence of finite instructions, often used for calculation and data processing....
   written for a computer: Ada Byron's notes on the analytical engine
  Ada Byron's notes on the analytical engine
  
  Ada Byron's notes on the analytical engine are a description and associated documents produced by Ada Lovelace, on Charles Babbage's design for a mechanical computer called the analytical engine....
   written in 1842
• First programmer
  Programmer
  
  A programmer is someone who writes computer software. The term computer programmer can refer to a specialist in one area of computer programming or to a generalist who writes code for many kinds of software....
  : Ada Lovelace
  Ada Lovelace
  
  Augusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace , born Augusta Ada Byron, was the only legitimate child of George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron. She is widely known in modern times simply as Ada Lovelace....
   (1815-1852)
• First programmable digital computer
  Computer
  
  A computer is a machine that manipulates Data according to a list of Code .The first devices that resemble modern computers date to the mid-20th century , although the computer concept and various machines similar to computers existed earlier....
  : Z3, 1941
• First programmable electronic computer: Colossus
  Colossus computer
  
  The Colossus machines were electronics computing devices used by British Cryptanalysis to read encrypted Nazi Germany messages during World War II....
  , 1943
• First all electronic computer system that worked and continued to work for a decade ENIAC
  ENIAC
  
  ENIAC, short for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer, was a general-purpose electronic computer. It was a Turing complete, digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing problems....
   Unveiled 1946
• First e-mail
  E-mail
  
  Electronic mail, often abbreviated as e-mail, email, E-Mail, or eMail, is any method of creating, transmitting, or storing primarily text-based human communications with digital communications systems....
  : started around 1965
• First e-mail spam
  Spam (electronic)
  
  Spam is the abuse of electronic messaging systems to send unsolicited bulk messages indiscriminately. While the most widely recognized form of spam is e-mail spam, the term is applied to similar abuses in other media: Messaging spam, Newsgroup spam, spamdexing, spam in blogs, wiki spam, Classified advertising spam, mobile phone spam, Forum...
  : sent using CTSS MAIL about 1971
• First video game console
  Video game console
  
  A video game console is an game development that produces a video signal which can be used with a display device to display a video game. The term "video game console" is used to distinguish a machine designed for consumers to buy and use solely for playing video games from a personal computer, which has many other functions, or arcade machi...
  : Magnavox Odyssey
  Magnavox Odyssey
  
  The Magnavox Odyssey is the world's first video game console. It was first demonstrated in May 1972 and released that fall, predating the Atari Pong home consoles by three years....
  , 1975
• First reigning monarch to e-mail
  E-mail
  
  Electronic mail, often abbreviated as e-mail, email, E-Mail, or eMail, is any method of creating, transmitting, or storing primarily text-based human communications with digital communications systems....
  : sent by Queen Elizabeth II
  Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
  
  Elizabeth II is the queen regnant of sixteen independent states known as the Commonwealth realms: Monarchy of the United Kingdom, Monarchy of Canada, Monarchy of Australia, Monarchy of New Zealand, Monarchy of Jamaica, Monarchy of Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Monarchy of the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Sain...
   from a British army base in 1976
• First e-commerce business Boston Computer Exchange
  Boston Computer Exchange
  
  Boston Computer Exchange was the world's first e-commerce company, and dominated electronic trading in used computers in the US in the 1980s. The Boston Computer Exchange, also called the BCE and BoCoEx, was a pre-Internet, BBS-based marketplace where buyers and sellers bought, sold and traded computers....
   uploads database of computers for sale to Delphi online service
  Delphi online service
  
  Delphi was an early United States online service provider that started as a nationwide dialup service in 1983, and in 1992 became the first national commercial service to offer access to the Internet....
   March 4, 1983
• First e-mail correspondence between heads of government: Carl Bildt
  Carl Bildt
  
  , Order of St Michael and St George is a Sweden politician and diplomat. Formerly Prime Minister of Sweden from 1991 to 1994 and leader of the liberal conservatism Moderate Party from 1986 to 1999, Bildt has served as Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs since 6 October 2006....
   (Sweden) and Bill Clinton
  Bill Clinton
  
  William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton served as the List of Presidents of the United States President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He was the fifteenth Democrat elected to that office....
   (United States) in 1992
• First book about the web
  World Wide Web
  
  The World Wide Web is a very large set of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a Web browser, one can view Web pages that may contain writing, s, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them using hyperlinks....
  : Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog
  Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog
  
  The Whole Internet User's Guide & Catalog, by Ed Krol, was published in September 1992 by O'Reilly Media. The Los Angeles Times notes that the Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog was the "first popular book about the medium" and "was later selected by the New York Public Library as one of the most significant books of the 20...
  (1992) by Ed Krol
  Ed Krol
  
  Ed Krol was the network manager at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications and the former assistant director of Campus Information Technologies and Educational Services at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign....
  , had a whole chapter devoted to the web
• First web portal
  Web portal
  
  A web portal presents information from diverse sources in a unified way. Apart from the search engine standard, web portals offer other services such as e-mail, news, stock prices, infotainment, and other features....
   to do advertising
  Advertising
  
  Advertising is a form of communication that typically attempts to persuade potential customers to Purchasing or to consume more of a particular brand of Product or Service ....
  : Global Network Navigator
  Global Network Navigator
  
  The Global Network Navigator was the first commercial web publicationand the first web site to offer clickable advertisements, now commonly referred to as "banner ads." The First Internet Ad was sold on GNN to Heller Ehrman LLP....
   founded by Tim O'Reilly
  Tim O'Reilly
  
  Tim O'Reilly is the founder of O'Reilly Media and a supporter of the free software and Open-source software movements. He is widely credited with coining the term Web 2.0....
   and Dale Dougherty
  Dale Dougherty
  
  Dale Dougherty is one of the co-founders of O'Reilly Media. While not at the company in its earliest stages as a technical documentation consulting company, Dale was instrumental in the development of O'Reilly's publishing business, was the founder of GNN, the Global Network Navigator, the first web portal and the first site on the intern...
  , 1993
• First advertisement on the internet
  Internet
  
  The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available server and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory....
  : by Heller, Ehrman, White and McAuliffe
  Heller Ehrman
  
  Heller Ehrman LLP was an international law firm of more than 730 attorneys in 15 offices in the United States, Europe, and Asia. Heller Ehrman was founded in San Francisco in 1890 and had additional offices located in most of the major financial centers around the world including New York City, Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., London, Beijin...
   on the Global Network Navigator
  Global Network Navigator
  
  The Global Network Navigator was the first commercial web publicationand the first web site to offer clickable advertisements, now commonly referred to as "banner ads." The First Internet Ad was sold on GNN to Heller Ehrman LLP....
   website, 1993
• First usage of a webcam
  Webcam
  
  File:Logitech E2500 webcam.jpgWebcams are video capture connected to computer or computer network, often using Universal Serial Bus or, if they connect to networks, ethernet or Wi-Fi....
  : Trojan room coffee pot
  Trojan room coffee pot
  
  The Trojan Room coffee pot was the inspiration for the world's first webcam. The coffee pot was located in the so-called Trojan Room within the old University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England....
  , 1991
• First photographic image on the Web: Les Horribles Cernettes
  Les Horribles Cernettes
  
  Les Horribles Cernettes is a parody pop music group, self-labelled "the one and only High Energy Rock Band". Their musical style is often described as doo-wop....
  , 1992
• First electronic payment over the Internet
  Internet
  
  The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available server and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory....
  : PaySafe
  PaySafe
  
  PaySafe was the first secure electronic payment system for Credit Cards over the Internet.PaySafe was conceived in Australia in 1991 by Dennis Charter and developed by a group of computer programmers headed by Justin Fanning....
  , 1992
• First instant messaging
  Instant messaging
  
  Instant messaging is a form of Real-time computing communication between two or more people based on typed text. The Written language is conveyed via devices connected over a network such as the Internet....
   service: ICQ
  ICQ
  
  ICQ is an instant messaging computer program, which was first developed by the Israeli company Mirabilis , now owned by Time Warner's AOL subsidiary....
   released in November, 1996

• First man or woman in mythology: see First man or woman
  First man or woman
  
  Various creation myths have a first human, a legendary first human being.It refers to either a male, or a female, or a pair of one male and one female....
  
• First person to wear a modern bikini
  Bikini
  
  File:Girl with red flowered bikini.jpgA bikini or two piece is a women's swimsuit with two parts, one covering the breasts , the other the groin , leaving an uncovered area between the two ....
  : Micheline Bernardini
  Micheline Bernardini
  
  Micheline Bernardini was a nude dancer at the Casino de Paris before being chosen by Louis R?ard to model the first modern-day bikini on July 5, 1946 at Piscine Molitor in Paris....
  . July 5 1946
• First officially recorded instance of wearing of high heels: Catherine de' Medici
  Catherine de' Medici
  
  Catherine de' Medici was born in Florence, as Caterina Maria Romula di Lorenzo de' Medici. Her parents, Lorenzo II de' Medici, Duke of Urbino, and Madeleine de la Tour d'Auvergne, both died within weeks of her birth....
  , Queen of France, on her wedding. October 28, 1533
• First person to make a television broadcast from space: Andriyan Nikolayev, August 1962.

• First film
  Film
  
  Film encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the film industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects....
   ever made: Roundhay Garden Scene
  Roundhay Garden Scene
  
  Roundhay Garden Scene is an 1888 United Kingdom short film directed by inventor Louis Le Prince. It was recorded at 12 frames per second and is the earliest surviving motion picture....
  , filmed on October 14, 1888
• First feature-length film
  Feature film
  
  In the film industry, a feature film is a film made for initial Film distributor in Movie theater and being the "main attraction" of the screening ....
  : The Story of the Kelly Gang
  The Story of the Kelly Gang
  
  The Story of the Kelly Gang is generally regarded as the world's first feature film, preceding D. W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation by nine years....
  , 1906
• First feature-length sound film
  Sound film
  
  A sound film is a film with synchronization, or sound technologically coupled to image, as opposed to a silent film. The first known public exhibition of projected sound films took place in Paris in 1900, but decades would pass before reliable synchronization was made commercially practical....
  : The Jazz Singer
  The Jazz Singer (1927 film)
  
  The Jazz Singer is a American musical film. The first feature film motion picture with synchronization dialogue sequences, its release heralded the commercial ascendance of the "sound film" and the decline of the silent film era....
  , 1927
• First black-and-white film to be colorized
  Film colorization
  
  Film colorization is any process that involves adding color to black and white, sepia tone or monochrome moving-picture images. The earliest examples date back to the early 20th century, but it has become easier and more common since the development of digital image processing....
  : Topper
  Topper (film)
  
  Topper is a comedy film which tells the story of a stuffy, stuck-in-his-ways man who is haunted by the ghosts of a fun-loving married couple....
  in 1985 (the original film was released in 1937)
• First lesbian
  Lesbian
  
  File:Lesbian Couple from back holding hands.jpgLesbian is a term most widely used in the English language to describe sexual and romantic desire between females....
  -themed film
  Film
  
  Film encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the film industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects....
  : Mädchen in Uniform
  Mädchen in Uniform
  
  M?dchen in Uniform , is a Germany feature-length film based on a novel by Christa Winsloe and directed by Leontine Sagan with significant artistic direction from Carl Froelich, who funded the film....
  directed by Leontine Sagan and scriptwritten by Christa Winsloe
  Christa Winsloe
  
  Christa Winsloe was a 20th century Germany novelist, playwright and sculptor, best known for her play Gestern und heute, filmed in 1931 as "M?dchen in Uniform"....
  . Germany, 1931
• First woman to appear nude in a motion picture
  Nudity in film
  
  Nudity in film refers to the presentation in motion pictures of people without clothing, whether as Nudity#Full Nudity ? a view of someone's entire nude body ? or more Modesty#Modesty in the arts....
  : Audrey Munson
  Audrey Munson
  
  Audrey Munson was an United States model and actor, known variously as "Miss Manhattan," "the Exposition Girl," and "American Venus." She was the model or inspiration for more than 15 statues in New York City....
   as a sculptor's model in Inspiration, 1915
• First nude scene
  Nudity in film
  
  Nudity in film refers to the presentation in motion pictures of people without clothing, whether as Nudity#Full Nudity ? a view of someone's entire nude body ? or more Modesty#Modesty in the arts....
   in German filmmaking
  Cinema of Germany
  
  Cinema in Germany can be traced back to the very beginnings of the medium at the end of the 19th century. German cinema has made major technical and artistic contributions to film....
  : Performed by Hildegard Knef
  Hildegard Knef
  
  Hildegard Frieda Albertine Knef was a German actress, singer and writer. She was billed in some English language films as Hildegard Neff....
   for the character of Marina in Die Sünderin (The Sinner), 1950
• First feature-length computer-generated imagery
  Computer-generated imagery
  
  Computer-generated imagery is the application of the field of computer graphics or, more specifically, 3D computer graphics to special effects in films, television programs, Television commercials, simulators and simulation generally, and printed media....
   film: Toy Story
  Toy Story
  
  Toy Story is a 1995 in film Cinema of the United States computer animation family film, directed by John Lasseter and starring Tom Hanks and Tim Allen....
  , 1995
• First fiction
  Fiction
  
  Fiction is an imaginative form of narrative, one of the four basic rhetorical modes. Although the word fiction is derived from the Latin fingo, fingere, finxi, fictum, "to form, create", works of fiction need not be entirely imaginary and may include real people, places, and events....
  al feature film
  Feature film
  
  In the film industry, a feature film is a film made for initial Film distributor in Movie theater and being the "main attraction" of the screening ....
   shot with a mobile phone
  Mobile phone
  
  A mobile phone is a long-range, electronic device used for mobile voice or data communication over a network of specialized base stations known as cell sites....
   to premiere at major film festival
  Film festival
  
  A film festival is an organised, extended presentation of films in one or more movie theaters or screening venues, usually in a single locality....
  s: Why Didn't Anybody Tell Me It Would Become This Bad in Afghanistan
  Why Didn't Anybody Tell Me It Would Become This Bad in Afghanistan
  
  Waarom heeft niemand mij verteld dat het zo erg zou worden in Afghanistan or Why Didn't Anybody Tell Me It Would Become This Bad in Afghanistan is reported to be the List_of_firsts#Film fictional feature film shot with a mobile phone that premiered at major film festivals: the International Film Festival Rotterdam 2007 , Tribeca Film Fe...
  , 2007
• First actor to portray Superman
  Superman
  
  Superman is a Character , a comic book superhero widely considered to be an American cultural icon. Created by American writer Jerry Siegel and Canadian-born artist Joe Shuster in 1932 while both were living in Cleveland, Ohio, Ohio, and sold to DC Comics in 1938, the character first appeared in Action Comics Action Comics 1 and subseque...
   on screen: Kirk Alyn
  Kirk Alyn
  
  'Kirk Alyn' was an United States actor, best known for being the first actor to play Superman on screen, in the 1948 film Serial Superman , and its 1950 sequel Atom Man Vs....
   in the movie serial Superman
  Superman (serial)
  
  Superman is a 15-part black-and-white Columbia Pictures Serial film based on the comic book character Superman. It stars an uncredited Kirk Alyn and Noel Neill as Lois Lane....
  . 1948.

• First novel in English: Several works of literature have each been claimed as the first novel in English. See First novel in English
  First novel in English
  
  The following works of literature have each been claimed as the first novel in English language.* Thomas Malory, Le Morte d'Arthur, * William Baldwin, Beware the Cat, ...
  .
• First novel about invasion: The Battle of Dorking
  The Battle of Dorking
  
  The Battle of Dorking is a 1871 novel of the genre which has been termed Invasion literature. It was written by George Tomkyns Chesney and has been seen as an influence on H....
   (1871), by George Tomkyns Chesney
  George Tomkyns Chesney
  
  Sir George Tomkyns Chesney, Order of the Bath, Order of the Star of India, Order of the Indian Empire , British Army general, brother of Colonel Charles Cornwallis Chesney, was born at Tiverton, Devon, Devon, on April 30 1830....
  .
• First novel about spies: The Riddle of the Sands
  The Riddle of the Sands
  
  The Riddle of the Sands: A Record of Secret Service is a 1903 in literature by Irish nationalism Robert Erskine Childers.It is a novel that "owes a lot to the wonderful adventure novels of writers like Henry Rider Haggard, that were a staple of Victorian era"; perhaps more significantly, it was a spy novel that "established a formula th...
   (1903), by Erskine Childers
  Erskine Childers
  
  Erskine Childers may refer to:* Robert Erskine Childers , author and Irish nationalist, who served as secretary-general of the Irish delegation that negotiated the Anglo-Irish Treaty in 1921...
   or The Spy, by James Fennimore Cooper (1821) (depends on your source and interpretation).
• First novel whose manuscript was type written
  Typewriter
  
  A typewriter is a Machine or electromechanical device with a set of "keys" that, when pressed, cause Typeface to be printed on a medium, usually paper....
  : Life on the Mississippi
  Life on the Mississippi
  
  Life on the Mississippi is a memoir by Mark Twain detailing his days as a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi River before and after the American Civil War....
  (published 1883) by Mark Twain
  Mark Twain
  
  Samuel Langhorne Clemens , better known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an United Statesmerican author and humorist. Twain is most noted for his novels Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which has since been called the Great American Novel, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer....
  .
• First American novel: The Power of Sympathy
  The Power of Sympathy
  
  The Power of Sympathy is a novel written by William Hill Brown, usually considered to be the first American novel....
  , by William Hill Brown
  William Hill Brown
  
  William Hill Brown was an American novelist, the author of what is usually considered the first American novel, The Power of Sympathy and "Harriot, Or The Domestick Reconciliation"1 as well as the serial essay "The Reformer" published in Isaiah Thomas' Massachusetts Magazine....
  .
• First realistic novel and first novel in Spanish: Don Quixote
  Don Quixote
  
  , fully titled is an early novel written by Spain author Miguel de Cervantes. Cervantes created a fictional origin for the story based upon a manuscript by the invented Moors historian, Cide Hamete Benengeli....
  , by Miguel de Cervantes
  Miguel de Cervantes
  
  Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra was a Spanish novelist, poet, and playwright. His magnum opus, Don Quixote, considered the first modern novel by many, is a classic of Western literature and is regularly regarded among the best novels ever written....
  

• India
  India
  
  India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....
  : see List of firsts in India
  List of firsts in India
  
  This is a list of firsts in India....
  
• Sweden
  Sweden
  
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and it is connected to Denmark by the ?resund Bridge in the south....
  : see List of firsts in Sweden
  List of firsts in Sweden
  
  This is a list of firsts in Sweden....
  
• United States
  United States
  
  The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
  : see List of firsts in the United States
  List of firsts in the United States
  
  This is a list of firsts in the United States....
  

See also

• List of notable last events
  List of notable last events
  
  The following is a list of last occurrences. It can consist of last events, such as the last sending of a Western Union telegram; the last monarch of a monarchy ; or the death of the last member of a group of people....
  

• List of firsts in pinball game technology
  Pinball
  
  Pinball is a type of arcade game, usually coin-operated, where a player attempts to score points by manipulating one or more metal balls on a playfield inside a glass-covered case called a pinball machine....