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List of dialects of the English language

 

 
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List of dialects of the English language
 
 
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This is a list of varieties of the English language
English language

English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England and has lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the mid 20th century onwa...
. Dialect
Dialect

A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class....
s are linguistic varieties
Variety (linguistics)

In sociolinguistics, a variety, also called a lect, is a language or dialect considered as a variety or development of another language or dialect....
 which differ in pronunciation
Pronunciation

"Pronunciation" refers to the way a word or a language is usually spoken, or the manner in which someone utters a word. If someone said to have "correct pronunciation," then it refers to both within a particular dialect....
, vocabulary
Vocabulary

A person's vocabulary is the set of words they are familiar with in a language. A vocabulary usually grows and evolves with age, and serves as a useful and fundamental tool for communication and learning....
 and grammar
Grammar

Grammar is the field of linguistics that covers the conventions governing the use of any given natural language. It includes morphology and syntax, often complemented by phonetics, phonology, semantics, and pragmatics....
 from each other and from Standard English
Standard English

Standard English is a term generally applied to a form of the English language that is thought to be normative for educated native speakers. It encompasses grammar, vocabulary, spelling, and to some degree pronunciation....
 (which is itself a dialect).

British linguists distinguish dialect from accent
Accent

Accent may refer to:...
, which refers only to pronunciation. Thus, any educated English speaker can use the vocabulary and grammar of Standard English
Standard English

Standard English is a term generally applied to a form of the English language that is thought to be normative for educated native speakers. It encompasses grammar, vocabulary, spelling, and to some degree pronunciation....
, but different speakers use their own regional accent
Regional accents of English speakers

The regional Accent of English language speakers show great variation across the areas where English language is spoken as a first language. This article provides an overview of the many identifiable variations in English pronunciation, usually deriving from the Phonology inventory of the local dialect, of the local variety of Standard Engli...
, or Received Pronunciation
Received Pronunciation

Received Pronunciation is a form of pronunciation of the English language which has long been perceived as uniquely prestigious amongst British Accent ....
, which within the U.K. is considered an accent distinguished by class rather than by region.






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This is a list of varieties of the English language
English language

English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England and has lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the mid 20th century onwa...
. Dialect
Dialect

A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class....
s are linguistic varieties
Variety (linguistics)

In sociolinguistics, a variety, also called a lect, is a language or dialect considered as a variety or development of another language or dialect....
 which differ in pronunciation
Pronunciation

"Pronunciation" refers to the way a word or a language is usually spoken, or the manner in which someone utters a word. If someone said to have "correct pronunciation," then it refers to both within a particular dialect....
, vocabulary
Vocabulary

A person's vocabulary is the set of words they are familiar with in a language. A vocabulary usually grows and evolves with age, and serves as a useful and fundamental tool for communication and learning....
 and grammar
Grammar

Grammar is the field of linguistics that covers the conventions governing the use of any given natural language. It includes morphology and syntax, often complemented by phonetics, phonology, semantics, and pragmatics....
 from each other and from Standard English
Standard English

Standard English is a term generally applied to a form of the English language that is thought to be normative for educated native speakers. It encompasses grammar, vocabulary, spelling, and to some degree pronunciation....
 (which is itself a dialect).

British linguists distinguish dialect from accent
Accent

Accent may refer to:...
, which refers only to pronunciation. Thus, any educated English speaker can use the vocabulary and grammar of Standard English
Standard English

Standard English is a term generally applied to a form of the English language that is thought to be normative for educated native speakers. It encompasses grammar, vocabulary, spelling, and to some degree pronunciation....
, but different speakers use their own regional accent
Regional accents of English speakers

The regional Accent of English language speakers show great variation across the areas where English language is spoken as a first language. This article provides an overview of the many identifiable variations in English pronunciation, usually deriving from the Phonology inventory of the local dialect, of the local variety of Standard Engli...
, or Received Pronunciation
Received Pronunciation

Received Pronunciation is a form of pronunciation of the English language which has long been perceived as uniquely prestigious amongst British Accent ....
, which within the U.K. is considered an accent distinguished by class rather than by region. American linguists, however, include pronunciation differences as part of the definition of regional or social dialects (better called varieties).

By continent


Europe


  • British English
    British English

    British English or UK English is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the United Kingdom from forms used elsewhere....
     (BrE, BrEng)
    • England
      England

      native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
       (English language in England
      English language in England

      English language in England refers to the English language as spoken in England.There are many different accents and dialects throughout England and people are often very proud of their local accent or dialect, however there are many associated prejudices - illustrated by George Bernard Shaw's comment:...
       (EngEng))
      • North
        Northern English

        Northern English is a group of dialects of the English language. It includes the North East England dialects, which is similar in some respects to Scots language....
        • Cheshire
        • Cumbrian dialect
          Cumbrian dialect

          File:Cumb.svgThe Cumbrian dialect is a local dialect spoken in Cumbria in northern England. As in any county, there is a gradual drift in accent towards its neighbours....
        • Yorkshire
          Yorkshire dialect and accent

          File:EnglandYorkshireHumber.pngThe Yorkshire dialect refers to the varieties of English language used in the Northern England Historic counties of England of Yorkshire....
           (also known as Tyke
          Tyke

          Tyke can refer to:* A child* The Yorkshire dialect and accent or a Yorkshire* A Mixed-breed dog* Tyke the elephant, a circus elephant* Tyke , a character in Tom and Jerry the son of Spike , friend to Jerry and nuisance to Tom....
          )
        • Lancastrian
          Lancashire dialect and accent

          Lancashire dialect and accent refers to the vernacular speech in Lancashire, one of the counties of England. Simon Elmes' book Talking for Britain said that Lancashire dialect is now much less common than it once was, but it is not yet extinct....
          • Scouse
            Scouse

            File:Mersey.svgScouse is the accent and dialect of English language found in the city of Liverpool, and in some adjoining urban areas of Merseyside, mainly The Wirral, often known as woolyback or posh scouse, due to several differences in speech patterns and pronunciation, but also in the new town areas of Runcorn and Skelmersdale....
             (Merseyside
            Merseyside

            Merseyside is a metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 1,365,900. Taking its name from the River Mersey, the title "Merseyside" came into existence as a metropolitan county in 1974, after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972, and the county consists of five metropolitan boroughs adjoining the Mersey estuary,...
            )
          • Mancunian
            Mancunian

            Mancunians are people from the Manchester or Greater Manchester area.Mancunian may refer to:*Manchester*List of people from Manchester...
      • Northeast
        North East England

        North-East England is one of the nine official regions of England and comprises the combined area of Northumberland, County Durham, Tyne and Wear, part of North Yorkshire and Tees Valley....
        • Geordie
          Geordie

          Geordie is a List of regional nicknames for a person from the Tyneside region of England, or the name of the dialect of English language spoken by these people....
           (Newcastle upon Tyne
          Newcastle upon Tyne

          Newcastle upon Tyne is a City status in the United Kingdom and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in North East England. Situated on the north bank of the River Tyne, the city developed from a Roman Empire settlement called Pons Aelius, though it owes its name to the Newcastle Castle built in 1080, by Robert Curthose, the eldest son of...
          )
        • Mackem
          Mackem

          Mackem is a term that refers to the accent, dialect and people of the Wearside area, or more specifically Sunderland, a city in North East England....
           (Sunderland
          Sunderland

          Sunderland is a city in Tyne and Wear, England. It was formerly a county borough but now forms part of the City of Sunderland. It is situated at the mouth of the River Wear....
          )
        • Pitmatic
          Pitmatic

          Pitmatic is a dialect of English language used in the Counties of England of Northumberland and County Durham in England. It developed as a separate dialect from Northumbrian and Geordie due to the specialised terms used by mining in the local coal pits....
           (Durham
          Durham

          Durham is a city in North East England. It lies at the heart of the City of Durham local government district. It is the county town of County Durham....
           and Northumberland
          Northumberland

          Northumberland is a Counties of England in the North East England of England. The non-metropolitan counties of England of Northumberland borders Cumbria to the west, County Durham to the south and Tyne and Wear to the south east, as well as having a border with the Scottish Borders council area to the north, and nearly eighty miles of Nort...
          )
        • In the far north, local speech is noticibly Scots
          Scots language

          Scots or Lowland Scots refers to the Germanic Variety derived from Middle English spoken in parts of Lowland Scotland, Northern Ireland and the border areas of the Republic of Ireland....
           in nature.
      • Midlands
        • East Midlands
          East Midlands English

          File:EnglandEastMidlands.pngEast Midlands English is a dialect traditionally spoken in those parts of Mercia lying East of Watling Street . Today this area is represented by the counties of the East Midlands of England, ....
        • West Midlands
          West Midlands English

          Sorry, no overview for this topic
          • Black Country English
          • Brummie
            Brummie

            File:EnglandBirmingham.svgBrummie is a colloquial term for the inhabitants, accent and dialect of Birmingham, England, as well as being a general adjective used to denote a connection with the city, locally called Brum....
             (Birmingham
            Birmingham

            Birmingham is a city status in the United Kingdom and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands of England. Birmingham is the most populous of England's English Core Cities Group, and is the List of United Kingdom cities by population British city after London, with a population of 1,010,200 ....
            )
          • Potteries
            Potteries dialect

            The Potteries dialect is a dialect found in the northern West Midlands of England, almost exclusively in and around Stoke-on-Trent.A popular cartoon called May un Mar Lady, created by Dave Follows, appears in The Sentinel newspaper and is written in the Potteries dialect....
      • South
        • Received pronunciation
          Received Pronunciation

          Received Pronunciation is a form of pronunciation of the English language which has long been perceived as uniquely prestigious amongst British Accent ....
        • Cockney
          Cockney

          The term Cockney has both geographical and linguistic associations. Geographically and culturally, it often refers to working class Londoners, particularly those in the East End of London....
        • East Anglian
          East Anglian English

          Sorry, no overview for this topic
        • Estuary English
          Estuary English

          Estuary English is a name given to the dialect of English language widely spoken in South East England and the East of England; especially along the River Thames and Thames Estuary, which is where the two regions meet....
        • Kentish dialect
          Kentish dialect

          File:Kent.svgThe Kentish dialect is a dialect that combines many features of other speech patterns, particularly those of East Anglia, The Southern Counties and London....
        • Jafaican
          Jafaican

          Multicultural London English , colloquially called Blockney or Jafaican, is a dialect of English language that emerged in the late 20th century....
      • West Country
        West Country dialects

        File:EnglandSouthWest.pngThe West Country dialects and West Country accents are generic terms applied to any of several England dialects and Accent s used by much of the indigenous population of South West England, the area popularly known as the West Country....
    • Scotland
      Scotland

      conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
      • Scottish English
        Scottish English

        Scottish English refers to the Variety of English language spoken in Scotland. It may or may not include Scots language depending on the observer....
    • Wales
      Wales

      native_name = Cymru|conventional_long_name = Wales|common_name = Wales|image_flag = Flag of Wales 2.svg|national_motto = ...
      • Welsh English
        Welsh English

        Welsh English, Anglo-Welsh, or Wenglish refers to the dialects of English language spoken in Wales by Welsh people. The dialects are significantly influenced by Welsh language grammar and often include words derived from Welsh....
      • North East English (a toned down Scouse/Manchester accent)
      • Pembrokeshire dialect
  • Ireland
    Ireland

    Ireland is the List of islands by area in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islet....
    • Hiberno-English
      Hiberno-English

      Hiberno-English also known as Anglo-Irish and Irish English is English language as spoken in Ireland, partly the result of the interaction of the English and Irish languages....
    • Yola dialect
      Yola language

      Yola is an Extinct language West Germanic language formerly spoken in Ireland. A branch of Middle English language, it evolved separately among the English who followed the Normans barons Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke and Robert Fitz-Stephen to eastern Ireland in 1169....
    • Ulster Scots
    • Mid Ulster English
      Mid Ulster English

      File:IrelandUlster.pngMid Ulster English is the dialect of most people in the Provinces of Ireland of Ulster in Ireland, including those in the two main cities....
  • Isle of Man
    Isle of Man

    The Isle of Man , or Mann , is a self-governing Crown dependency, located in the Irish Sea at the geographical centre of the British Isles....
    • Manx English
      Manx English

      File:British Isles Isle of Man.svgManx English, or Anglo-Manx, is the dialect of English language which was formerly spoken by the people of the Isle of Man....
  • Channel Islands
    Channel Islands

    The Channel Islands are a group of islands in the English Channel, off the France coast of Normandy. They include two separate bailiwicks: the Bailiwick of Guernsey and the Bailiwick of Jersey....
    • Guernsey English
    • Jersey English
  • Malta
    Malta

    Malta , officially the Republic of Malta , is a densely populated developed country European microstates microstate in the European Union....
    • Maltenglish


North America

  • American English
    American English

    PhonologyIn many ways, compared to English language in England, North American English is conservative in its phonology. Some distinctive accents can be found on the East Coast of the United States , partly because these areas were in contact with England, and imitated prestigious varieties of English English at a time when those varieties we...
     (AmE, AmEng, USEng)
    • Cultural
      • African-American Vernacular English (AAVE)
      • Appalachian English
        Appalachian English

        Appalachian English is a common name for the Midland American English dialect of American English. This dialect is spoken primarily in the Central and Southern Appalachian Mountains region of the Eastern United States, namely in Northeastern Georgia , Northwestern South Carolina, Southern West Virginia West Virginia, Southwest Virginia Virgi...
      • Chicano English
        Chicano English

        Chicano English is a dialect of American English used by Chicanos. One major variation of Chicano English is Tejano English, used mainly in south Texas....
      • General American
        General American

        General American is an accent of American English. Within American English, General American and accents approximating it are contrasted with Southern American English, several U.S....
      • New York Latino English
        New York Latino English

        New York Latino English, sometimes called Nuyorican English, is a form of New York-New Jersey English. It originated with the post war Puerto Rican American immigration to New York City and particularly the subsequent generations born in the New York dialect region who were native speakers of both English and Spanish....
      • Pennsylvania Dutchified English
      • Yeshivish
        Yeshivish

        Yeshivish refers to dialects spoken by those who are have attended a Yeshiva. Yeshivish is the primary vehicle of spoken communication in many Yeshivas...
      • Yinglish
        Yinglish

        Yinglish words are neologisms created by speakers of Yiddish in English language-speaking countries, sometimes to describe things that were uncommon in the old country....
    • Regional
      • Northeastern dialects
        • Boston English
          Boston accent

          The Boston accent is found not only in the city of Boston, Massachusetts itself but also much of eastern Massachusetts. The Boston Accent and closely related accents can be heard commonly in an area stretching into much of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine....
        • Buffalo English
          Buffalo English

          Buffalo English, sometimes colloquially referred to as Buffalonian, is the variety of English language used in and around the United States city of Buffalo, New York, New York....
        • Hudson Valley English
          Hudson Valley English

          Hudson Valley English is a special dialect of the English language, found mainly in the Upstate New York regions around the Hudson Valley of the state....
           (Albany
          Albany, New York

          Albany is the Capital of the state of New York and the county seat of Albany County, New York. Albany is roughly 136 miles north of the city of New York City, and slightly south of the confluence of the Mohawk River and Hudson Rivers....
          )
        • Inland Northern American English
          Inland Northern American English

          The Inland North dialect of American English is spoken in a region that includes most of the cities along the Erie Canal and on the U.S. side of Great Lakes region , reaching approximately from Utica, New York to Green Bay, Wisconsin, as well as a corridor extending down across central Illinois from Chicago to St....
           (includes western
          Western New York

          Western New York refers to the westernmost region of New York State. It includes the cities of Buffalo, New York, Rochester, New York, Niagara Falls, New York, and surrounding suburbs....
           and central
          Central New York

          Central New York is a terminology used to broadly describe the central region of New York State, roughly including the following county and city:| Cayuga County, New York...
           upstate New York
          Upstate New York

          Upstate New York is the region of New York north of the core of the New York metropolitan area. It has a population of 7,121,911 out of New York State's total 18,976,457....
          )
        • Maine-New Hampshire English
        • New York City Dialect, Northern New Jersey Dialect
          New Jersey English

          New Jersey is dialectally diverse, with many immigrants and transplants from other states, but there are roughly two regional varieties discernible, each having features in common with the two metropolises of New York City and Philadelphia that each extend into the state....
           (New York metropolitan area
          New York metropolitan area

          The New York metropolitan area or Tri-State Region is the most populous metropolitan area in the United States and is also List of metropolitan areas by population....
          )
        • Northeast Pennsylvania English
          Northeast Pennsylvania English

          Northeast Pennsylvania English is the local dialect of American English spoken in northeastern Pennsylvania, specifically in the Coal Region, which includes the cities of Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania and Scranton, Pennsylvania....
           (Scranton
          Scranton, Pennsylvania

          Scranton is a city in Northeastern Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, United States. It is the county seat of Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania and the largest principal city in the Scranton-Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area....
          , Pennsylvania
          Pennsylvania

          The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , often colloquially referred to as PA by natives and Northeasterners, is a U.S. state located in the Northeastern United States and Mid-Atlantic States regions of the United States....
          -area)
        • Philadelphia-area English
          Philadelphia accent

          The Philadelphia dialect is the dialect of English language spoken in Philadelphia; and extending into Philadelphia's suburbs in the Delaware Valley and South Jersey....
        • Pittsburgh English
          Pittsburgh English

          Pittsburgh English, popularly known as Pittsburghese, is the dialect of American English spoken by many residents of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, United States and surrounding Western Pennsylvania....
        • Providence-area English
        • Vermont English
          Vermont English

          Vermont English is a dialect of English Language spoken in the U.S. state of Vermont. Although a New England state, the variety of English spoken in most parts of the state generally has more in common with the accent spoken in nearby New York State and parts of the Midwest....
        • Wawarsing English
      • Mid-Atlantic dialects
        • Washington D.C. Metropolitan Area Accent (D.C. Slang)
        • Baltimorese
          Baltimorese

          Baltimorese is a dialect of American English in the Mid-Atlantic States that originated among the White blue-collar residents of South and Southeast Baltimore, Maryland....
        • Tidewater accent
          Tidewater accent

          Tidewater Accent is an American English accent and is also a dialect.It is spoken in the coastal Eastern Seaboard Region of the United States from the Pine Barrens of southern New Jersey to the Outer Banks of North Carolina....
        • Virginia Piedmont
        • Virginia Tidewater
      • Midwest
        • Inland North American (Lower peninsula of Michigan
          Lower Peninsula of Michigan

          The Lower Peninsula of Michigan is surrounded by water on all sides except its southern border, which it shares with Ohio and Indiana. Geographically, the Lower Peninsula has a recognizable shape that many people associate with a mitten, with the mid-eastern region identified as The Thumb....
          , northern Ohio
          Ohio

          Ohio is a Midwestern United States U.S. state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region , Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads in North America....
           and Indiana
          Indiana

          The State of Indiana was the 19th U.S. state admitted into the union. It is located in the Midwestern United States of the United States of America....
          , the suburbs of Chicago
          Chicago

          Chicago is the largest city in the U.S. state of Illinois and the Midwestern United States, as well as the List of United States cities by population city in the United States with more than 2.8 million residents....
          , part of eastern Wisconsin
          Wisconsin

          Wisconsin is one of the fifty U.S. state in the United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States. It borders two of the five Great Lakes and four U.S....
           and upstate New York
          New York

          The State of New York is a U.S. state in the Mid-Atlantic States and Northeastern United States regions of the United States and is the nation's List of U.S....
          )
          • The Chicago accent
        • North Central American English
          North Central American English

          North Central American English is used to refer to a dialect of American English. It is also known as Upper Midwestern among some linguists....
           (primarily Minnesota
          Minnesota

          Minnesota is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States of the United States. The twelfth largest state by area in the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with just over five million residents....
          , but also most of Wisconsin
          Wisconsin

          Wisconsin is one of the fifty U.S. state in the United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States. It borders two of the five Great Lakes and four U.S....
          , the Upper peninsula of Michigan
          Upper Peninsula of Michigan

          The Upper Peninsula of Michigan is the northern of the two major land masses that comprise the U.S. state of Michigan. It is commonly referred to as the Upper Peninsula, the U.P., or Upper Michigan....
          , and parts of North Dakota
          North Dakota

          North Dakota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States and Western United States regions of the United States of America. North Dakota is the 19th largest state by area in the US; it is the 48th most populous, with just over 640,000 residents as of 2006....
          , South Dakota
          South Dakota

          South Dakota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States of the United States of America. It is named after the Lakota people and Sioux Sioux Native Americans in the United States tribes....
          , and Iowa
          Iowa

          The State of Iowa is a U.S. state in the Midwestern region of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland." It is bordered by Minnesota to the north, Wisconsin and Illinois to the east, Nebraska and South Dakota to the west, and Missouri to the south....
          )
          • Yooper dialect
            Yooper dialect

            Yooper is a form of North Central American English mostly spoken in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, which gives the dialect its name . The dialect is also found in many northern areas of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan and largely in Northeast Wisconsin....
             (the variety of North Central American English spoken in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan
            Upper Peninsula of Michigan

            The Upper Peninsula of Michigan is the northern of the two major land masses that comprise the U.S. state of Michigan. It is commonly referred to as the Upper Peninsula, the U.P., or Upper Michigan....
             and in some neighboring areas)
        • North Midlands English (thin swath from Nebraska
          Nebraska

          Nebraska is a U.S. state located on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States and Western United States.Nebraska probably gets its name from the archaic Chiwere language words ?? Br?sge or the Omaha-Ponca language N? Bth?ska meaning "flat water," after the Platte River that flows through the state....
           to Ohio
          Ohio

          Ohio is a Midwestern United States U.S. state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region , Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads in North America....
          )
        • St. Louis dialect
      • Southern English
        Southern American English

        Southern American English is a group of dialects of the English language spoken throughout the U.S. Southern states of the United States, from Southern and Eastern Maryland, West Virginia and Kentucky to the U.S....
        • Appalachian English
          Appalachian English

          Appalachian English is a common name for the Midland American English dialect of American English. This dialect is spoken primarily in the Central and Southern Appalachian Mountains region of the Eastern United States, namely in Northeastern Georgia , Northwestern South Carolina, Southern West Virginia West Virginia, Southwest Virginia Virgi...
        • Coastal Southeastern (Charleston
          Charleston, South Carolina

          Charleston is a city in Charleston County, South Carolina in the U.S. state of South Carolina. It is the largest city and county seat of Charleston County....
          , South Carolina
          South Carolina

          South Carolina is a U.S. state in the Southern United States of the United States. It borders Georgia to the south and North Carolina to the north....
          , Savannah
          Savannah, Georgia

          Savannah is the largest city in, and the county seat of, Chatham County, Georgia, Georgia , United States. Savannah was established in 1733 and was the first colonial and state capital of Georgia....
          , Georgia
          Georgia (U.S. state)

          Georgia is a U.S. state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against United Kingdom rule in the American Revolution....
           area)
        • Cajun English
          Cajun English

          Cajun English is the dialect of English spoken by Cajuns living in Acadiana and, to some extent, in eastern Texas. Cajun English is significantly influenced by Cajun French, the historical language of the Cajun people, a direct descendant of Acadian French, which differs somewhat from Metropolian or Parisian French in terms of pronunciation...
        • Harkers Island English
          Harkers Island, North Carolina

          Harkers Island is a census-designated place in Carteret County, North Carolina, North Carolina, United States. The population of Harkers Island was 1,525 at the 2000 census....
           (North Carolina
          North Carolina

          North Carolina is a U.S. state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north....
          )
        • Ozark English
        • Piedmont Dialect
        • Southern Highland English
        • South Midland
          Southern American English

          Southern American English is a group of dialects of the English language spoken throughout the U.S. Southern states of the United States, from Southern and Eastern Maryland, West Virginia and Kentucky to the U.S....
           (thin swath from Oklahoma
          Oklahoma

          Oklahoma is a U.S. state and a sovereignty located in the South Central United States and Southern United States of the United States of America ....
           to Pennsylvania
          Pennsylvania

          The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , often colloquially referred to as PA by natives and Northeasterners, is a U.S. state located in the Northeastern United States and Mid-Atlantic States regions of the United States....
          )
        • Florida Cracker
          Florida cracker

          Florida Cracker refers to original Thirteen Colonies era United States pioneer settlers of the state of Florida. The first Florida Crackers arrived in 1763 when Spain History of florida#British rule Florida to the Kingdom of Great Britain....
           Dialect
        • Tampanian English
        • Texan
          Texan

          Texan normally refers to someone who originated from, or who lives in, the state of Texas in the United States of America.Texan may also refer to:...
        • Yat (New Orleans)
          Yat (New Orleans)

          Yat refers to a unique collection of dialects of English language spoken in New Orleans, Louisiana. The term also refers to those people who speak with a Yat accent....
      • Western English
        Western American English

        The Western United States was the last area in the United States to be reached during the gradual westward expansion of English-speaking settlement and its history shows considerable mixing of the linguistic patterns of other regions....
        • California English
          California English

          California English is a dialect of the English language spoken in the United States state of California. The most populous state of the United States, California is home to a highly diverse populace, which is reflected in the historical and continuing development of California English....
        • Utah English
        • Boontling
          Boontling

          Boontling is a Dialect spoken only in Boonville, California in Northern California....
        • Hawaiian English
        • Pacific Northwest English
          Pacific Northwest English

          Pacific Northwest English is a dialect of the English language spoken in the Pacific Northwest. The Pacific Northwest, defined as an area that includes part of the northwest coast of the United States and the west coast of Canada, is home to a highly diverse populace, which is reflected in the historical and continuing development of the dial...
  • Canadian English
    Canadian English

    Canadian English is the Variety of English language used in Canada. More than 26 million Canadians have some knowledge of English . Approximately 17 million speak English as their native language....
     (CanE, CanEng)
    • Newfoundland English
      Newfoundland English

      Newfoundland English is a name for several dialects of English language found in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, often regarded as the most distinctive dialect of English in Canada....
    • Maritimer English
      Maritimer English

      Maritimer English is a dialect of English language spoken in the Maritimes of Canada. Quirks include the removal of pre-consonantal sounds, and a faster speech tempo....
      • Cape Breton accent
        Cape Breton accent

        The Cape Breton accent describes variants of Canadian English spoken on Cape Breton Island, a large island on the north-eastern coast of the province of Nova Scotia in Canada, comprising about one-fifth of the province's area as well as population....
      • Lunenburg English
        Lunenburg English

        Lunenburg English is a dialect of English language, spoken in the towns of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia and Bridgewater, Nova Scotia in the province of Nova Scotia....
    • West/Central Canadian English
      West/Central Canadian English

      The Western Canada/Central Canada Canadian English dialect is one of the largest and most homogeneous List of dialects of the English language in North America, ranging from Ontario, through the Prairie Provinces to British Columbia....
      • Quebec English
        Quebec English

        Quebec English is the common term for the set of various Linguistics and social phenomena affecting the use of English language in the predominantly French language-speaking Canada Province of Quebec....
      • Ottawa Valley Twang
        Ottawa Valley Twang

        Ottawa Valley Twang refers to the English spoken in the Ottawa Valley by anglophones and francophones alike. The twang, while often seen as an accent, is in fact more generally a dialect, encompassing both the pronunciation and vocabulary of the people who inhabit the region....
      • Pacific Northwest English
        Pacific Northwest English

        Pacific Northwest English is a dialect of the English language spoken in the Pacific Northwest. The Pacific Northwest, defined as an area that includes part of the northwest coast of the United States and the west coast of Canada, is home to a highly diverse populace, which is reflected in the historical and continuing development of the dial...
  • Bermudian English
    Bermudian English

    Bermudian English is a Regional accents of English found in Bermuda, a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic. "Standard English is used in professional settings and in writing, while vernacular Bermudian English is spoken on more casual occasions"....
  • Native American Englishes (Amerindian Englishes)
    • Mojave English
    • Isletan English
    • Tsimshian English
    • Lumbee English
    • Tohono O'odham English
    • Inupiaq English


Caribbean
  • Caribbean English
    Caribbean English

    Caribbean English is a broad term for the dialects of the English language spoken in the Caribbean, most countries on the Caribbean coast of Central America, and Guyana....
    • Anguillan English
    • Bahamian English
      Bahamian English

      Bahamian English is a dialect of English Language spoken in the Bahamas and by Bahamian diasporas. It should not be confused with Bahamian Creole....
    • Jamaican English
      Jamaican English

      Jamaican English or Jamaican Standard English is a dialect of English language spoken in Jamaica. It melds parts of both American English and British English dialects....
    • Trinidadian English
      Trinidadian English

      Trinidadian English or Trinidad and Tobago Standard English is a dialect of English language used in Trinidad and Tobago. English co-exists with both non-standard varieties of English as well as with Creole English varieties, primarily Trinidadian Creole English in Trinidad and Tobagonian Creole English in Tobago....


Central and South America

  • Belize English
    Languages of Belize

    English language is the only official language of Belize due to being a former British colony. It is the main language used in government and education....
  • Falkland/Malvinas Islands English
    Falkland Islands English

    In the Falkland Islands, the English language is used, mainly in its British English form. However, due to the isolation of the islands, the small population has developed and retains its own accent/dialect, despite a large English people immigration in recent years....
  • Guyana English
    Guyana

    Guyana , officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana and previously known as British Guiana, is the only state of the Commonwealth of Nations on mainland South America....


Asia

  • Burmese English
    Burmese English

    Burmese English is an English language dialect used in Burma . After Britain successfully conquered the Burmese Empire and designated it a colony of British India, education in English became highly regarded, although it did not fully replace Burmese language as the vernacular....
  • Hong Kong English
    Hong Kong English

    Hong Kong English , in theory, refers to the Accent and characteristics of English language spoken by Hongkongers. In practice, it is often considered, especially by the locals, as the Hong Kong variant of Engrish....
  • Pakistani English
    Pakistani English

    Pakistani English is the variety of the English language as it is spoken and otherwise used in Pakistan. It is the Pakistani dialect of the language....
  • Indian English
    Indian English

    Indian English comprises several dialects or varieties of English language spoken primarily in India, and by first-generation members of the Non-resident Indian and Person of Indian Origin....
    • Hinglish
      Hinglish

      Hinglish, a portmanteau of the words Hindi and English, usage of Hindi and English language words, combining both, in one sentence. This is more commonly seen in urban and semi-urban centers of the Hindi speaking states of India, but is slowly spreading its root into rural and remote areas of these states via television, mobile p...
    • Punjabi/Delhi English
      Regional differences and dialects in Indian English

      Indian English has developed a number of dialects, distinct from the General Indian English/Standard Indian English that educators have attempted to establish and institutionalize, and it is possible to distinguish a person's sociolinguistic background from the dialect that they employ....
    • U.P/Bihari English
      Regional differences and dialects in Indian English

      Indian English has developed a number of dialects, distinct from the General Indian English/Standard Indian English that educators have attempted to establish and institutionalize, and it is possible to distinguish a person's sociolinguistic background from the dialect that they employ....
    • Bengali/Assamese English
      Regional differences and dialects in Indian English

      Indian English has developed a number of dialects, distinct from the General Indian English/Standard Indian English that educators have attempted to establish and institutionalize, and it is possible to distinguish a person's sociolinguistic background from the dialect that they employ....
    • Gujarati English
      Regional differences and dialects in Indian English

      Indian English has developed a number of dialects, distinct from the General Indian English/Standard Indian English that educators have attempted to establish and institutionalize, and it is possible to distinguish a person's sociolinguistic background from the dialect that they employ....
    • Maharashtrian English
      Regional differences and dialects in Indian English

      Indian English has developed a number of dialects, distinct from the General Indian English/Standard Indian English that educators have attempted to establish and institutionalize, and it is possible to distinguish a person's sociolinguistic background from the dialect that they employ....
    • Kannadiga English
      Regional differences and dialects in Indian English

      Indian English has developed a number of dialects, distinct from the General Indian English/Standard Indian English that educators have attempted to establish and institutionalize, and it is possible to distinguish a person's sociolinguistic background from the dialect that they employ....
    • Telugu English
      Regional differences and dialects in Indian English

      Indian English has developed a number of dialects, distinct from the General Indian English/Standard Indian English that educators have attempted to establish and institutionalize, and it is possible to distinguish a person's sociolinguistic background from the dialect that they employ....
    • Tamil English
      Regional differences and dialects in Indian English

      Indian English has developed a number of dialects, distinct from the General Indian English/Standard Indian English that educators have attempted to establish and institutionalize, and it is possible to distinguish a person's sociolinguistic background from the dialect that they employ....
    • Malayalee English
      Regional differences and dialects in Indian English

      Indian English has developed a number of dialects, distinct from the General Indian English/Standard Indian English that educators have attempted to establish and institutionalize, and it is possible to distinguish a person's sociolinguistic background from the dialect that they employ....
  • Malaysian English
    Malaysian English

    Malaysian English , formally known as Malaysian Standard English , is a form of English language used and spoken in Malaysia as a second language....
     (MyE)
    • Manglish
      Manglish

      Manglish is the colloquial version of the English language as spoken in Malaysia and it is a portmanteau of the word Malay and English .The vocabulary of Manglish consists of words originating from English language, Malay language, Min Nan, Mandarin Chinese, Yue Chinese, Tamil language, and to a lesser extent various other European languag...
  • Philippine English
    Philippine English

    Philippine English is the Variety of English language used in the Philippines by the media and the vast majority of educated Filipino people. English language learning and teaching in schools as one of the two official languages of the country, the other being Filipino language, the standard language of Tagalog language....
     (PhE)
  • Singapore English
    Singlish

    Singlish is a creole native to Malaysia and Singapore. It is the first language of many Singaporeans, and is the second language of nearly all the rest of the country's citizens....
  • Sri Lankan English
    Sri Lankan English

    Sri Lankan English is the English language as spoken in Sri Lanka.The earliest English speakers in present-day Sri Lanka date back to the days of the British Empire, the era of Royal Navy dominance, and the British colonial presence in South Asia....
     (SLE)


Africa

  • Cameroon English
    Cameroon English

    Cameroon English is a dialect of English language spoken in Cameroon.It is a post-colonial variety of English which has been in use in the territory for a long period, and over the years has developed characteristic features, particularly in lexis though also in phonology and grammar....
  • Liberian English
    Liberian English

    Liberian English is a term used to refer to the varieties of English language spoken in the African country of Liberia. There are four such varieties:...
  • Nigerian English
  • Malawian English
    Malawian English

    Malawian English is the English language as spoken in Malawi. English and Chichewa language are the country's two official languages.English was introduced into Malawi towards the end of the 19th century, due to the influence of British explorers, missionaries, the arrival of the African Lakes Corporation, and colonial administrators prese...
  • South African English
    South African English

    South African English is a dialect of English language spoken in South Africa and in neighbouring countries with a large number of Anglo-Africans living in them, such as Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Lesotho....
  • East African English
    • Ugandan English
      Ugandan English

      Ugandan English, the English spoken in Uganda, like that spoken elsewhere, has developed a strong local flavour. Though standard British English is widely considered to be the correct form of the language in Uganda, most Ugandans who speak English have had little contact with native British speakers, so everyday communication is successfully...


Oceania

  • Australian English
    Australian English

    Australian English is the form of the English language spoken in Australia....
     (AusE, AusEng)
    • Cultural
      • Australian Aboriginal English
        Australian Aboriginal English

        Australian Aboriginal English is a term referring to the various varieties of the English language used by Indigenous Australians. These varieties, which developed differently in different parts of Australia, vary along a continuum, from forms close to standard English to more nonstandard forms....
      • Torres Strait English
        Torres Strait English

        Torres Strait English is a dialect of the English language spoken by the Islanders of various backgrounds born and raised on Thursday Island in Torres Strait, North Queensland, Australia....
    • Regional
      • South Australian English
        South Australian English

        South Australian English is the collective name given to the varieties of English language spoken in the Australian State of South Australia. As with the other Regional variation in Australian English within Australian English, these have distinctive vocabulary....
      • Western Australian English
        Western Australian English

        Western Australian English, or West Australian English, is the collective name given to the variety or varieties of English language spoken in the States and territories of Australia of Western Australia ....
  • Fijian English
  • New Zealand English
    New Zealand English

    New Zealand English is the form of the English language used in New Zealand.The English language was established in New Zealand by colonists during the 19th century....
     (NZE, NZEng)


Constructed

  • Basic English
    Basic English

    Basic English is an English language based controlled language created by Charles Kay Ogden as an international auxiliary language, and as an aid for teaching ESL....
  • E-Prime
    E-Prime

    E-Prime, short for English-Prime, is a modified form of English language. It uses very slightly simplified syntax and vocabulary, eliminating all forms of the verb to be: be, is, am, are, was, were, been and being ....
  • European English
    European English

    Sorry, no overview for this topic
  • Globish
    Globish

    A portmanteau of the words Global and English, Globish is a version of the English language that uses only the most common 1500 English words....
  • Newspeak
    Newspeak

    Newspeak is a fictional language in George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. In the novel, it is described as being "the only language in the world whose vocabulary gets smaller every year"....
  • Special English
    Special English

    Special English is a controlled language version of the English language first used on October 19, 1959 and presently employed by the United States broadcasting service Voice of America in daily broadcasts....


Manual encodings

  • British Signed English
  • US Signed Exact English
    Signing Exact English

    Signing Exact English is a system of manual communication that strives to be an exact representation of English language vocabulary and grammar....
     (SEE)
  • Australasian Signed English
    Auslan

    Auslan is the sign language of the Australian deaf community. The term Auslan is a portmanteau of "Australian sign language", coined by Trevor Johnston in the early 1980s, although the language itself is much older....
These encoding systems should not be confused with sign language
Sign language

A sign language is a language which, instead of acoustically conveyed sound patterns, uses visually transmitted sign patterns to convey meaning—simultaneously combining hand shapes, orientation and movement of the hands, arms or body, and facial expressions to express fluidly a speaker's thoughts....
s such as British Sign Language
British Sign Language

File:Bsl.pngBritish Sign Language is the sign language used in the United Kingdom , and is the first or preferred language of deaf people in the UK; the number of signers has been put at 30,000 to 70,000....
 and American Sign Language
American Sign Language

American Sign Language is the dominant sign language of the Deaf community in the United States, in the anglophone parts of Canada, and in parts of Mexico....
.

"Lishes"

The following are portmanteaus devised to describe certain local variants of English. Although similarly named, they are actually quite different in nature, with some being genuine mixed language
Mixed language

A mixed language is a language that arises through the fusion of two source languages, normally in situations of thorough bilingualism, so that it is not possible to classify the resulting language as belonging to either of the language families that were its source....
s, some being instances of heavy code-switching
Code-switching

Code-switching is a term in linguistics referring to using more than one language or Variety in conversation. Multilingualism, who can speak at least two languages, have the ability to use elements of both languages when conversing with another bilingual....
 between English and another language, some being genuine local dialects of English used by first-language English speakers, and some being non-native pronunciations of English. A few portmanteaus (such as Greeklish
Greeklish

Greeklish, a portmanteau of the words Greek and English, also known as Grenglish, Latinoellinika/?at???e??????? or ASCII Greek, is Greek language written with the Latin alphabet....
 and Pinglish
Pinglish

Pinglish may mean:* Pinglish , poor language spoken by Polish native speakers* Fingilish, a mixed English language and Persian language...
) are transliteration
Transliteration

Transliteration is the practice of transcribing a word or text written in one writing system into another writing system or system of rules for such practice....
 methods rather than any kind of spoken variant of English.
  • Benglish (Bengali English)
  • Chinglish
    Chinglish

    Chinglish is a portmanteau of the words Chinese language and English language and refers to spoken or written English which is influenced by Chinese language....
     (Chinese English)
  • Czenglish
    Czenglish

    Czenglish, a Portmanteau word of the words Czech and English, is a poor or 'broken' English language spoken by native Czech language speakers....
     (Czech English)
  • Danglish
    Danglish

    Danglish is an informal term used to describe different combinations of British English or American English and Danish language:* English pronounced with a strong Danish accent....
     (Danish English)
  • Dunglish
    Dunglish

    Dunglish is a portmanteau of Dutch and English, a name for Dutch English. The word is often used pejoratively to refer to the mistakes native Dutch language speakers make when speaking English language....
     (Dutch English)
  • Engrish
    Engrish

    Engrish refers to non-standard variations of English language often found in East Asian countries. Spelling may also be non-standard. While the term may refer to spoken English, it is more often used to describe written English, for which problems are easier to identify and publicize....
     (Japanese English)
  • Finglish
    Finglish

    The term Finglish was introduced by professor Martti Nisonen in 1920s in Hancock, Michigan, Michigan to describe a linguistics phenomenon he encountered in America....
     (Finnish English)
  • Franglais
    Franglais

    Franglais , a portmanteau combining the French words "fran?ais" and "anglais" , is a slang term for an interlanguage, although the word has different overtones in French and English....
     (French English)
  • Denglisch
    Denglisch

    Denglisch, often spelled Denglish in English language, is a portmanteau of the German words Deutsch and Englisch. Used in all German-speaking countries, Denglisch describes an influx of English, or pseudo-English vocabulary into the German language through travel and English's widespread usage in advertising and business....
    /Germlish/Genglish/Ginglish/Germish/Pseudo-Anglicism
    Pseudo-Anglicism

    Pseudo-anglicisms are words in languages other than English language which were borrowed from English but are used in a way native English speakers would not readily recognize or understand....
     (German English)
  • Hebrish (Hebrew English) - also sometimes used to refer to English written with Hebrew characters
  • Hunglish
    Hunglish

    Hunglish is a portmanteau word combining the words Hungarian language and English language. The phrase refers to:*specific mistakes often committed by native Hungarian speakers while speaking English....
     (Hungarian English)
  • Italish (Italian English)
  • Japlish (Japanese English)
  • Konglish
    Konglish

    Konglish is the use of English language words in a Korean language context. The words, having initially been taken from English language, are either actual English words in Korean context, or are made from a combination of Korean and English words....
     (South Korean English)
  • Poglish
    Poglish

    "Poglish," a portmanteau word combining the words "Polish language" and "English language," designates the product of mixing Polish language and English language elements within a single Speech communication production, or Translation...
     (Polish English)
  • Porglish
    Porglish

    Porglish refers to various types of language contact between Portuguese language and English language which have occurred in regions where the two languages coexist....
     (Portuguese English)
  • Punglish (Punjabi English)
  • Rominglish/Romglish (Romanian English)
  • Runglish
    Runglish

    Runglish , is a neologism increasingly used to denote at least three different interferences of Russian and English languages: pidgin, spoken manner, and informal latinizations of the Cyrillic alphabet....
     (Russian English)
  • Serblish
    Serblish

    Serblish or Anglo-Serbian, a portmanteau of the words Serbian and English, is the arbitrary usage of Serbian language and English language, combining both, in one sentence....
     (Serbian English)
  • Spanglish
    Spanglish

    Spanglish refers to the code-switching of "English language" and "Spanish language", in the speech of the Hispanic population of the United States, Gibraltar and most of the spanish holiday resorts, who are exposed to both Spanish language and English language....
     (Spanish English)
  • Swanglish/Kiswanglish (Swahili English)
  • Swenglish
    Swenglish

    Swenglish is a colloquial term meaning either:*English language spoken with a heavy Swedish language Accent or heavily influenced by Swedish vocabulary, grammar, or syntax....
     (Swedish English)
  • Taglish
    Taglish

    Taglish is a portmanteau of the words "Tagalog" and "English" which refers to the Philippines language Tagalog language infused with American English terms....
     (Tagalog English)
  • Tinglish
    Tinglish

    Tinglish is the imperfect form of English produced by native Thai language speakers due to language transfer from the first language. Differences from native English include Non-native pronunciations of English#Thai, unusual word choices, and grammatical mistakes, as well as innovative vocabulary items....
    /Thailish (Thai English)
  • Vinish
    Vinish

    Vinish, also known as Vietlish, Vietglish or Vietnamese English is a mixed language of Vietnamese language and English language, often found in immigrant communities in majority-English-speaking countries....
     (Vietnamese English)
  • Wenglish (Welsh English)
  • Yeshivish
    Yeshivish

    Yeshivish refers to dialects spoken by those who are have attended a Yeshiva. Yeshivish is the primary vehicle of spoken communication in many Yeshivas...
     (Yeshiva English)


See also

  • Survey of English Dialects
    Survey of English Dialects

    The Survey of English Dialects was undertaken between 1950 and 1961 under the direction of Professor Harold Orton of the English department of the University of Leeds....
  • Regional accents of English speakers
    Regional accents of English speakers

    The regional Accent of English language speakers show great variation across the areas where English language is spoken as a first language. This article provides an overview of the many identifiable variations in English pronunciation, usually deriving from the Phonology inventory of the local dialect, of the local variety of Standard Engli...
  • History of the English language
    History of the English language

    English language is a West Germanic languages which originated from the Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Germanic tribes from various parts of what is now northwest Germany and the northern Netherlands....
    • Old English
      Old English language

      Old English is an early form of the English language that was spoken and written in parts of what are now England and south-eastern Scotland between the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century....
    • Middle English
      Middle English

      Middle English is the name given by historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman conquest of England of 1066 and about 1470, when the #Chancery Standard, a form of London-based English, began to become widespread, a process aided by the introduction of the printing press into England by William...
    • Early Modern English
      Early Modern English

      Early Modern English is the stage of the English language used from about the end of the Middle English period to 1650. Thus, the first edition of the King James Bible and the works of William Shakespeare both belong to the late phase of Early Modern English, although the King James Bible intentionally keeps some archaisms that were not comm...
    • Modern English
      Modern English

      Modern English is the form of the English language spoken since the Great Vowel Shift, completed in roughly 1550.Despite some differences in vocabulary, texts from the early 17th century, such as the works of William Shakespeare and the King James Bible, are considered to be in Modern English, or more specifically, are referred to as using...
  • Macaronic language
    Macaronic language

    Macaronic refers to text spoken or written using a mixture of languages, sometimes including bilingual puns, particularly when the languages are used in the same context ....
  • European English
    European English

    Sorry, no overview for this topic
  • English-based creole languages
    English-based creole languages

    An English-based creole language is a creole language that was significantly influenced by the English language. Most English creoles were formed in English colonies, following the great expansion of British naval military power and trade in the 17th and 18th centuries....


External links

  • Listen to examples of regional accents and dialects from across the UK on the British Library's 'Sounds Familiar' website
  • A browsable collection of recordings by the British Library.
  • Hear and compare how the same 110 words are pronounced in 50 English accents from around the world - instantaneous playback online
  • Dialects
  • of accents in the British Isles
  • Translate text into regional dialects from the British Isles
  • Archive
  • : An online audio resource presenting interviews with speakers of German-American and American English dialects from across the United States.
  • - Compilation of Dialects from around the globe