List of astronomers

A

• Marc Aaronson
  Marc Aaronson
  Marc Aaronson was an American astronomer.-Education:Aaronson was educated at the California Institute of Technology, where he received a BSc in 1972. He completed his Ph.D. in 1977 at Harvard University with a dissertation on the near-infrared aperture photometry of galaxies...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , (1950 – 1987)
• George Ogden Abell
  George Ogden Abell
  George Ogden Abell was an astronomer at UCLA. He worked as a research astronomer, teacher, administrator, popularizer of science and education, and skeptic. Abell received his B.S. , M.S. and Ph.D. from the California Institute of Technology...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1927 – 1983)
• Antonio Abetti
  Antonio Abetti
  Antonio Abetti was an Italian astronomer.Born in San Pietro di Gorizia, he earned a degree in mathematics and engineering at the University of Padua. Later he became director of the Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri and a professor at the University of Florence...
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1846 – 1928)
• Giorgio Abetti
  Giorgio Abetti
  Giorgio Abetti was an Italian solar astronomer.He was born in Padua, the son of noted astronomer Antonio Abetti. He was educated at the Universities of Padua and of Rome....
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1882 – 1982)
• Charles Greeley Abbot
  Charles Greeley Abbot
  Charles Greeley Abbot was an American astrophysicist, astronomer and Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. He was born in Wilton, New Hampshire.-Life:...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1872 – 1973)
• Charles Hitchcock Adams
  Charles Hitchcock Adams
  Charles Hitchcock Adams was an amateur American astronomer.He was born in Belmont, California, the son of William and Cassandra Adams and the last of five children. He entered the University of California in 1886 and focused his studies in the field of Chemistry...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1868 – 1951)
• John Couch Adams
  John Couch Adams
  John Couch Adams was a British mathematician and astronomer. Adams was born in Laneast, near Launceston, Cornwall and died in Cambridge. The Cornish name Couch is pronounced "cooch"....
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1819 – 1892)
• Walter Sydney Adams
  Walter Sydney Adams
  Walter Sydney Adams was an American astronomer.-Life and work:He was born in Antioch, Syria to missionary parents, and was brought to the U.S. in 1885 He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1898, then continued his education in Germany...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1876 – 1956)
• Saul Adelman
  Saul Adelman
  Saul Joseph Adelman is an astronomer at The Citadel's Physics Department in Charleston, South Carolina. Adelman received his bachelor's degree in physics from the University of Maryland in 1966 and his PhD in astronomy from the California Institute of Technology in 1972. He specializes in stellar...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1944 – )
• Petrus Alphonsi
  Petrus Alphonsi
  Petrus Alphonsi was a Jewish Spanish writer and astronomer, and polemicist, who converted to Christianity....
  
   (Spain
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...
  
  ) (Jewish Spanish) (1062-1110)
• Agrippa
  Agrippa (astronomer)
  Agrippa was a Greek astronomer. The only thing that is known about him regards an astronomical observation that he made in 92 AD, which is cited by Ptolemy...
  
   (Greek
  Greece
  Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula....
  
  , unknown ca. 92)
• Paul Oswald Ahnert
  Paul Oswald Ahnert
  Paul Oswald Ahnert was a German astronomer. He became famous in Germany for publishing the "Kalender für Sternenfreunde" from 1948 until 1988, an annual calendar of astronomical events....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1897 – 1989)
• Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs
  Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs
  Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs was a German astronomer. She made important observations of variable stars.Eva Rohlfs was born in Coburg . She studied in Würzburg, Munich and Kiel from 1931 to 1933...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1912 – 1954)
• George Biddell Airy
  George Biddell Airy
  Sir George Biddell Airy FRS was an English mathematician and astronomer, Astronomer Royal from 1835 to 1881. His many achievements include work on planetary orbits, measuring the mean density of the Earth, a method of solution of two-dimensional problems in solid mechanics and, in his role as...
  
  , (England
  England
  England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
  
  , 1801 – 1892)
• Robert Aitken
  Robert Grant Aitken
  Robert Grant Aitken was an American astronomer.He worked at Lick Observatory in California. He systematically studied double stars, measuring their positions and calculating their orbits around one another...
  
  , (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1864 – 1951)
• Al Battani (Iraq
  Iraq
  Iraq , officially the Republic of Iraq , also known as Mesopotamia, is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert.Iraq shares borders with Jordan to the west, Syria...
  
  , 850 – 929)
• Albategnius (see Al-Batani)
• Vladimir Aleksandrovich Albitzky
  Vladimir Aleksandrovich Albitzky
  Vladimir Aleksandrovich Albitzky was a Soviet/Russian astronomer. In modern English transliteration, his surname would be given as Al'bitskii or Al'bitsky. In the literature, he is sometimes referred to as W. A. Albizkij, however his surname usually appears in the literature as "Albitzky". His...
  
   (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  , 1891 – 1952)
• Albumasar
  Ja'far ibn Muhammad Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi
  Ja'far ibn Muḥammad Abū Ma'shar al-Balkhī , also known as al-Falaki or Albumasar was a Persian mathematician, astronomer, astrologer and Islamic philosopher...
  
   (Persia 787 - 886)
• George Alcock
  George Alcock
  George Eric Deacon Alcock was an English astronomer. He was one of the most successful visual discoverers of novae and comets....
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1913 – 2000)
• Harold Alden
  Harold Alden
  Harold Lee Alden was an American astronomer. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.He received a BA from Wheaton College in 1912, and went on to receive his Master's degree from the University of Chicago in 1913. He served as an assistant in photographic photometry program of the Yerkes Observatory...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1890 – 1964)
• Hannes Alfvén
  Hannes Alfvén
  Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén was a Swedish plasma physicist and Nobel laureate for his work on the theory of magnetohydrodynamics. He was originally trained as an electrical power engineer and later moved to research and teaching in the fields of plasma physics...
  
   (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  , 1908 – 1995)
• Lawrence H. Aller
  Lawrence H. Aller
  Lawrence Hugh Aller was an American astronomer. He was born in Tacoma, Washington. He never finished high school and worked for a time as a gold miner. He received his bachelor's degree from the University of California, Berkeley in 1936 and went to graduate school at Harvard in 1937. There he...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1913 – 2003)
• Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi
  Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi
  Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi was a Persian astronomer also known as Abd ar-Rahman as-Sufi, or Abd al-Rahman Abu al-Husayn, Abdul Rahman Sufi, Abdurrahman Sufi and known in the west as Azophi; the lunar crater Azophi and the minor planet 12621 Alsufi are named after him...
  
  , (Persia, 903 – 986)
• Viktor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian, (Armenia
  Armenia
  Armenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
  
  , 1912 – 1996)
• John August Anderson
  John August Anderson
  John August Anderson was an American astronomer. He was born in Rollag, a small community in Clay County, Minnesota to the south of Hawley....
  
  , (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1876 – 1959)
• Andronicus of Cyrrhus
  Andronicus of Cyrrhus
  Andronicus of Cyrrhus or Andronicus Cyrrhestes,son of Hermias, was a Greek astronomer who flourished about 100 BC....
  
  , (Greek, unknown ca. 100 BC)
• Anders Jonas Ångström
  Anders Jonas Ångström
  Anders Jonas Ångström was a Swedish physicist and one of the founders of the science of spectroscopy.-Biography:...
  
   (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  , 1814 – 1874)
• Eugène Michel Antoniadi
  Eugène Michel Antoniadi
  Eugène Michel Antoniadi was a Greek astronomer, born in Asia Minor, who spent most of his life in France. He was also known as Eugenios Antoniadis. His name is also sometimes given as Eugène Michael Antoniadi or even as Eugène Marie Antoniadi...
  
   (Greece
  Greece
  Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula....
  
  , France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1870 – 1944)
• Petrus Apianus
  Petrus Apianus
  Petrus Apianus was a German humanist, famous for his works in mathematics, astronomy and cartography.The crater Apianus on the Moon is named in his honour.- Life and work :...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1495 – 1557)
• François Arago
  François Arago
  François Jean Dominique Arago was a French Catalan mathematician, physicist, astronomer and politician.-Early life and work:...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1786 – 1853)
• Sylvain Arend
  Sylvain Julien Victor Arend
  Sylvain Julien Victor Arend was a Belgian astronomer born in Robelmont, Luxembourg. His main interest was astrometry.Together with Georges Roland, he discovered the bright comet C/1956 R1...
  
   (Belgium
  Belgium
  The Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
  
  , 1902 – 1992)
• Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander
  Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander
  Friedrich Wilhelm August Argelander was a German astronomer. He is known for his determinations of stellar brightnesses, positions, and distances.- Life and work :...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1799 – 1875)
• Aristarchus of Samos
  Aristarchus of Samos
  Aristarchus was a Greek astronomer and mathematician, born on the island of Samos, in Greece. He was the first person to present an explicit argument for a heliocentric model of the solar system, placing the Sun, not the Earth, at the center of the known universe...
  
   (Greek, circa 310 BC – circa 230 BC)
• Christoph Arnold
  Christoph Arnold
  Christoph Arnold was a German amateur astronomer.Born in Sommerfeld near Leipzig, Arnold was a farmer by profession. Interested in astronomy, he spotted the great comet of 1683, eight days before Hevelius did. He also observed the great comet of 1686. In 1686, Kirch went to Leipzig...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1650 – 1695)
• Halton Christian Arp
  Halton Arp
  Halton Christian Arp is an American astronomer. He is known for his 1966 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies, which catalogues many examples of interacting and merging galaxies...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1927 –)
• Svante Arrhenius
  Svante Arrhenius
  Svante August Arrhenius was a Swedish scientist, originally a physicist, but often referred to as a chemist, and one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry...
  
   (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  , 1859 – 1927)
• Arzachel
  Arzachel
  ' , Latinized as Arzachel, was a leading Arab mathematician and the foremost astronomer of his time. He lived in Toledo in Castile, Al-Andalus .The crater Arzachel on the Moon is named after him.-Instruments:...
  
   (Muslim from Spain), (1028 – 1087)
• Goryu Asada
  Goryu Asada
  Goryu Asada was a Japanese astronomer who helped to introduce modern astronomical instruments and methods into Japan. Asada spent much of his career in the flourishing commercial city of Osaka, where he practiced medicine for a living...
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  , 1734 –1799)
• Giuseppe Asclepi
  Giuseppe Asclepi
  Giuseppe Maria Asclepi was an Italian astronomer and physician. He was a Jesuit and director of the observatory at the Collegio Romano.His works include:...
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1706 – 1776)
• Joseph Ashbrook
  Joseph Ashbrook
  Joseph Ashbrook was an American astronomer.Ashbrook was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.He was one of the first to study Cepheid variables as tools for establishing galactic distances...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , April 4 1918 – August 4 1980)
• Arthur Auwers
  Arthur Auwers
  Georg Friedrich Julius Arthur von Auwers was a German astronomer.Auwers was born in Göttingen, attended the University of Göttingen and worked at the University of Königsberg. He specialized in astrometry, making very precise measurements of stellar positions and motions...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1838 – 1915)
• Adrien Auzout
  Adrien Auzout
  Adrien Auzout was a French astronomer.He was born in Rouen, France, the son of a clerk in the court of Rouen. His educational background is unknown. In 1664–1665 he made observations of comets, and argued in favor of their following elliptical or parabolic orbits...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1622 – 1691)
• David Axon
  David Axon
  David John Axon is a British astrophysicist and professor at the Rochester Institute of Technology in Rochester, New York. He received his BSc and PhD degrees from the University of Durham...
  
   (England
  England
  England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
  
  , 1951 –)
• Aryabhata
  Aryabhata
  Aryabhata was the first in the line of great mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy...
  
   (India
  India
  India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal...
  
  , 476)
• Juvy Michaila Martinez (Philippines
  Philippines
  The Philippines officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is a country in Southeast Asia with Manila as its capital city. It comprises 7,107 islands in the western Pacific Ocean....
  
  ,1997

B

• Walter Baade
  Walter Baade
  Wilhelm Heinrich Walter Baade was a German astronomer who emigrated to the USA in 1931.- Biography :He took advantage of wartime blackout conditions during World War II, which reduced light pollution at Mount Wilson Observatory, to resolve stars in the center of the Andromeda galaxy for the first...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1893 – 1960)
• Harold D. Babcock
  Harold D. Babcock
  Harold Delos Babcock was an American astronomer, and the father of Horace W. Babcock, of English and German ancestry. Educated at the University of California, Berkeley, he worked at the Mount Wilson Observatory from 1907 until 1948. He specialized in solar spectroscopy and mapped the distribution...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1882 – 1968)
• Horace W. Babcock
  Horace W. Babcock
  Horace Welcome Babcock was an American astronomer. He was the son of Harold D. Babcock.He invented and built a number of astronomical instruments, and in 1953 was the first to propose the idea of adaptive optics. He specialized in spectroscopy and the study of magnetic fields of stars...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1912 – 2003)
• Oskar Backlund
  Oskar Backlund
  Johan Oskar Backlund was a Swedish-Russian astronomer. His name is sometimes given as Jöns Oskar Backlund, however even contemporary Swedish sources give "Johan". In Russia, where he spent his entire career, he is known as Oskar Andreevich Baklund...
  
   (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  , 1846 – 1916)
• John N. Bahcall
  John N. Bahcall
  John Norris Bahcall was an American astrophysicist, best known for his contributions to the solar neutrino problem, the development of the Hubble Space Telescope and for his leadership and development of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.-Early and family life:Bahcall was born in...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1934 – 2005)
• Benjamin Baillaud
  Benjamin Baillaud
  Édouard Benjamin Baillaud was a French astronomer.-Biography:Born in Chalon-sur-Saône, Baillaud studied at the École Normale Supérieure and the University of Paris. He worked as an assistant at the Paris Observatory beginning in 1872...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1848 – 1934)
• Jean-Baptiste Baille
  Baptistin Baille
  Baptistin Baille was born Jean-Baptiste Baille in France, in 1841 and he died in 1918. He was a professor of optics and acoustics at the École de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles in Paris and a close friend of Paul Cézanne, the impressionist artist, and of Émile Zola who would later become a...
  
    (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1841 – 1918)
• Jean Sylvain Bailly
  Jean Sylvain Bailly
  Jean-Sylvain Bailly was a French astronomer and orator, one of the leaders of the early part of the French Revolution...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1736 – 1793)
• Francis Baily
  Francis Baily
  Francis Baily was an British astronomer, most famous for his observations of 'Baily's beads' during an eclipse of the Sun.-Life:Baily was born at Newbury in Berkshire in 1774...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1774 – 1844)
• John Bainbridge (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1582 – 1643)
• John E. Baldwin
  John E. Baldwin
  John Evan Baldwin has worked at the Cavendish Astrophysics Group since 1954. He played a pivotal role in the development of interferometry in Radio Astronomy, and later astronomical optical interferometry and lucky imaging...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1934 – )
• Sallie Baliunas
  Sallie Baliunas
  Sallie Baliunas is an astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in the Solar, Stellar, and Planetary Sciences Division and formerly Deputy Director of the Mount Wilson Observatory. She serves as Senior Scientist at the George C. Marshall Institute in Washington, DC, and...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1953 – )
• Zoltán Balog
  Zoltan Balog
  Zoltán Balog, PhD is an astronomer with the Steward Observatory at the University of Arizona. In 2006, Dr. Balog's team was the first to observe the complete process of photoevaporation of protoplanetary disks.-Observations:...
  
   (Hungary
  Hungary
  Hungary , in English officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. Its capital is Budapest. Hungary is a member of OECD, NATO, EU, V4 and is a Schengen state...
  
  ,USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1972 – )
• Benjamin Banneker
  Benjamin Banneker
  Benjamin Banneker was a free African American astronomer, mathematician, surveyor, almanac author and farmer.-Family history and early life:...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1731 – 1806)
• Edward Emerson Barnard
  Edward Emerson Barnard
  Edward Emerson Barnard was an American astronomer. He was commonly known as E. E. Barnard, and was recognized as a gifted observational astronomer...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1857 – 1923)
• Johann Bayer
  Johann Bayer
  Johann Bayer was a German lawyer and uranographer . He was born in Rain, Bavaria in 1572. He began his study of philosophy in Ingolstadt in 1592, and moved later to Augsburg to begin work as a lawyer. He grew interested in astronomy during his time in Augsburg...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1572 – 1625)
• Antonín Bečvář
  Antonín Becvár
  Antonín Bečvář was a Czech astronomer who was active in Slovakia. He was born in Stará Boleslav...
  
   (Slovakia
  Slovakia
  The Slovak Republic is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe with a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia borders the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. The largest city is its capital, Bratislava...
  
  , 1901 – 1965)
• Wilhelm Beer
  Wilhelm Beer
  Wilhelm Wolff Beer was a banker and astronomer from Berlin, Prussia, and the brother of Giacomo Meyerbeer.- Astronomy :...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1797 – 1850)
• Sergei Ivanovich Belyavsky
  Sergei Ivanovich Belyavsky
  Sergey Ivanovich Belyavsky was a Soviet/Russian astronomer.His last name is also alternatively spelled Beljavskij or Beljawskij...
  
   (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  , 1883 – 1953)
• Charles L. Bennett
  Charles L. Bennett
  Dr. Charles L. Bennett is an American observational astrophysicist and a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at the Johns Hopkins University. He is the Principal Investigator of NASA's highly successful Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe...
  
    (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1956- present)
• Jocelyn Bell Burnell
  Jocelyn Bell Burnell
  Dame Susan Jocelyn Bell Burnell, DBE, FRS, FRAS , known as Jocelyn Bell Burnell, is a British astrophysicist who, as a postgraduate student, discovered the first radio pulsars with her thesis supervisor Antony Hewish, for which Hewish shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Martin Ryle.The paper...
  
   (Ireland
  Ireland
  Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland, separated by the Irish Sea, is the island of Great Britain...
  
  , 1943 – )
• Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel
  Friedrich Bessel
  Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel was a German mathematician, astronomer, and systematizer of the Bessel functions . He was a contemporary of Carl Gauss, also a mathematician and astronomer...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1784 – 1846)
• Somnath Bharadwaj
  Somnath Bharadwaj
  Somnath Bharadwaj is an Indian theoretical physicist who works on Theoretical Astrophysics and Cosmology.Bharadwaj was born in India, studied at the Indian Institute of Technology in Kharagpur, and later received his Ph.D. from the Indian Institute of Science...
  
   (India
  India
  India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal...
  
  )
• Wilhelm Freiherr von Biela
  Wilhelm Freiherr von Biela
  Baron Wilhelm von Biela was an German-Austrian military officer and amateur astronomer.Wilhelm von Biela was born in Roßla, Harz and was a captain in the Austrian army where he participated in a number of military campaigns against Napoleon between 1805, 1809 and later on.In the field of...
  
   (Austria
  Austria
  Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west...
  
  , 1782 – 1856)
• Ludwig Biermann
  Ludwig Biermann
  Ludwig Franz Benedict Biermann was a German astronomer.He made important contributions to astrophysics and plasma physics...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1907 – 1986)
• Wolf Bickel
  Wolf Bickel
  Wolf Bickel is a German astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids, working at the Bergisch Gladbach Observatory....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , [born] – [died])
• Guillaume Bigourdan
  Guillaume Bigourdan
  Camille Guillaume Bigourdan was a French astronomer.Bigourdan was born at Sistels, Tarn-et-Garonne. In 1877 he was appointed by Félix Tisserand as assistant astronomer at the Toulouse Observatory, and in 1879 followed Tisserand to the Paris Observatory when the latter became director there.He...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1851 – 1932)
• James Binney
  James Binney
  James Binney, FRS, FInstP is a British astrophysicist. He is currently a Professor of Physics at the University of Oxford, where he holds a position in the Sub-Department of Theoretical Physics as well as a Professorial Fellowship at Merton College...
  
   (United Kingdom
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1950 - present)
• Biruni (Persia 973 - 1048)
• Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan
  Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan
  Gennady S. Bisnovati-Kogan is an astrophysicist, who predicted the binary radiopulsars.-Education and Employment:Education 1958-1964: Student of Moscow Physical-Technical Institute, 1964-1967: Postgraduate student of Moscow Physical-Technical Institute and Keldysch Institute of Applied Mathematics....
  
   (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  ,1941-present)
• Adriaan Blaauw
  Adriaan Blaauw
  Adriaan Blaauw is a Dutch astronomer.Blaauw studied in Leiden and Groningen. In the 1950s he worked a few years at the Yerkes Observatory. In 1957 he became director of the "Kapteyn Astronomical Institute" in Groningen. Blaauw was closely involved in the founding of the European Southern...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1914 – )
• Nathaniel Bliss
  Nathaniel Bliss
  The Reverend Nathaniel Bliss was an English astronomer of the 18th century, serving as Astronomer Royal between 1762 and 1764....
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1700 – 1764)
• Johann Elert Bode
  Johann Elert Bode
  Johann Elert Bode was a German astronomer known for his reformulation and popularization of the Titius-Bode law. Bode determined the orbit of Uranus and suggested the planet's name.-Biography:...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1747 – 1826)
• Alfred Bohrmann
  Alfred Bohrmann
  Alfred Bohrmann was a German astronomer.He did his Ph.D. dissertation in 1927 at the Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl at the University of Heidelberg ....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1904 – 2000)
• Bart Bok
  Bart Bok
  Bart Jan Bok was a Dutch-American astronomer.He was born in the Netherlands, and educated at the Leiden and Groningen Universities. In 1929 he married fellow astronomer Dr. Priscilla Fairfield Bok, and for the remainder of their lives the two collaborated closely on their astronomical work...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1906 – 1983)
• Charles Thomas Bolton
  Charles Thomas Bolton
  Charles Thomas or Tom Bolton is an American astronomer who was the first astronomer to present strong evidence of the existence of a black hole....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1943 – )
• John Gatenby Bolton
  John Gatenby Bolton
  This article is on the astronomer John Bolton. For other people named "John Bolton," see John Bolton .John Gatenby Bolton was a British-Australian astronomer from Sheffield, England. He attended King Edward VII School , followed by Trinity College, Cambridge from 1940 to 1942, during which time...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , Australia
  Australia
  Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the continental mainland , the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans...
  
  , 1922 – 1993)
• William Cranch Bond
  William Cranch Bond
  William Cranch Bond was an American astronomer, and the first director of Harvard College Observatory.- Upbringing :William Cranch Bond was born in Falmouth, Maine on September 9, 1789...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1789 – 1859)
• Alphonse Borrelly (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1842 – 1926)
• Rudjer Boscovich (Dalmatia
  Dalmatia
  Dalmatia , is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea and is situated in modern Croatia. It spreads between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Bay of Kotor, in Montenegro, in the southeast...
  
  , 1711 – 1787)
• Lewis Boss
  Lewis Boss
  -Life:He was born in Providence, Rhode Island and attended secondary school at the Lapham Institute in North Scituate and the New Hampton Institution in New Hampshire. In 1870 he graduated from Dartmouth College, then went to work as a clerk for the U.S. Government. He served as an assistant...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1846 – 1912)
• Alexis Bouvard
  Alexis Bouvard
  Alexis Bouvard was a French astronomer. He is particularly noted for his careful observations of the irregularities in the motion of Uranus and his hypothesis of the existence of an eighth planet in the solar system....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1767 – 1843)
• Rychard Bouwens
  Rychard Bouwens
  Rychard Bouwens is a postdoctoral astronomer at the University of California, Santa Cruz and a member of the Advanced Camera for Surveys Guaranteed Time Observation team. He works on the interpretation of high redshift starbursts...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1972 – )
• Edward (Ted) L. G. Bowell
  Edward L. G. Bowell
  Edward L. G. Bowell is an American astronomer. Bowell was educated at Emanuel School London, University College, London, and the Université de Paris....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1943 – )
• Ira Sprague Bowen
  Ira Sprague Bowen
  Ira Sprague Bowen was an American astronomer. A graduate of Oberlin College and the California Institute of Technology, he taught physics at Caltech from 1921 to 1945...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1898 – 1973)
• Louis Boyer
  Louis Boyer (astronomer)
  Louis Boyer was a French astronomer.He worked at the Algiers Observatory and discovered a number of asteroids.The asteroid 1215 Boyer was named after him by his colleague in Algiers, Alfred Schmitt...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  )
• Ronald N. Bracewell
  Ronald N. Bracewell
  Ronald Newbold Bracewell AO was the Lewis M. Terman Professor of Electrical Engineering, Emeritus of the Space, Telecommunications and Radioscience Laboratory at Stanford University until his death.- Education :...
  
   (Australia
  Australia
  Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the continental mainland , the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1921 – 2007)
• James Bradley
  James Bradley
  James Bradley FRS was an English astronomer the Astronomer Royal from 1742. Bradley is best known for two fundamental discoveries in astronomy, the aberration of light , and the nutation of the Earth's axis...
  
   (England
  England
  England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
  
  , 1693 – 1762)
• Tycho Brahe
  Tycho Brahe
  Tycho Brahe, born Tyge Ottesen Brahe , was a Danish nobleman known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations...
  
   (Denmark
  Denmark
  Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe and the senior member of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries; southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and it is bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea...
  
  , 1546 – 1601)
• John Alfred Brashear
  John Brashear
  Dr. John Alfred Brashear was an American astronomer and instrument builder.- Life and work :Brashear was born in Brownsville, Pennsylvania, a town 35 miles south of Pittsburgh along the Monongahela River. His father, Basil Brown Brashear, was a saddler, and his mother, Julia Smith Brashear, was a...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1840 – 1920)
• William Robert Brooks
  William Robert Brooks
  William Robert Brooks was a British-born American astronomer, mainly noted as being one of the most prolific discoverers of new comets of all time, second only to Jean-Louis Pons...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1844 – 1922)
• Theodor Brorsen
  Theodor Brorsen
  Theodor Johan Christian Ambders Brorsen was a Danish astronomer best known for his discovery of five comets, including the lost periodic comet 5D/Brorsen and the periodic comet 23P/Brorsen-Metcalf.- Life :...
  
   (Denmark
  Denmark
  Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe and the senior member of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries; southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and it is bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea...
  
  , 1819 – 1895)
• Dirk Brouwer
  Dirk Brouwer
  Dirk Brouwer was a Dutch-American astronomer.He received his Ph.D. in 1927 at Leiden University in the Netherlands and then went to Yale University...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  –USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1902 – 1966)
• Ernest William Brown
  Ernest William Brown
  Ernest William Brown was a British mathematician and astronomer, who spent the majority of his career working in the United States....
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1866 – 1938)
• Michael (Mike) E. Brown
  Michael E. Brown
  Michael E. Brown has been a professor of planetary astronomy at the California Institute of Technology since 2003. He was previously an associate professor at Caltech from 2002–2003 and an assistant professor at Caltech from 1997–2002.-Education:Brown is a Huntsville, Alabama native and graduated...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1965 – )
• Hermann Alexander Brück (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1905 – 2000)
• Ismael Bullialdus
  Ismaël Bullialdus
  Ismaël Bullialdus was a French astronomer.Bullialdus was born Ismaël Boulliau in Loudun, Vienne, France, the first surviving son to Calvinists Susanna Motet and Ismaël Boulliau, a notary by profession and amateur astronomer. At age twenty-one he converted to Catholicism, and by twenty-six was...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1605 – 1694)
• Margaret Burbidge
  Margaret Burbidge
  Eleanor Margaret Burbidge, née Peachey, FRS is an English astrophysicist, noted for original research and holding many administrative posts, including director of the Royal Greenwich Observatory....
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1919 – )
• Robert Burnham, Jr.
  Robert Burnham, Jr.
  Robert Burnham, Jr. was an American astronomer. He is best known for writing the classic three-volume Burnham's Celestial Handbook.-Early work:...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1931 – 1993)
• Sherburne Wesley Burnham
  Sherburne Wesley Burnham
  Sherburne Wesley Burnham was an American astronomer.He worked at Yerkes Observatory. All his working life, he served during the day as a court reporter and was an amateur astronomer, except for four years as a full-time astronomer at Lick Observatory.He served as a military stenographer in the...
  
   (1838 – 1921)
• Schelte J. Bus
  Schelte J. Bus
  Schelte John "Bobby" Bus is an Associate Astronomer at the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy and Support Astronomer at NASA's Infrared Telescope Facility IRTF. He received his B.S. from Caltech in 1979, and was awarded his Ph.D from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1999.Bus...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1956 – )
• Bobby Trafton Fjerstad (USa
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1998 )

C

• William Wallace Campbell
  William Wallace Campbell
  William Wallace Campbell was an American astronomer, and director of Lick Observatory from 1900 to 1930. He specialized in spectroscopy....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1862 – 1938)
• Annie Jump Cannon
  Annie Jump Cannon
  Annie Jump Cannon was an American astronomer whose cataloging work was instrumental in the development of contemporary stellar classification. With Edward C...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1863 – 1941)
• Luigi Carnera
  Luigi Carnera
  Luigi Carnera was an Italian astronomer.In his early career he worked as Max Wolf's assistant at Heidelberg, Germany and discovered a number of asteroids...
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1875 – 1962)
• Edwin Francis Carpenter
  Edwin Francis Carpenter
  Edwin Francis Carpenter was an American astronomer.He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and received his A.B. and A.M. from Harvard University. In 1925 he was awarded a Ph.D. from University of California at Berkeley. He became an instructor at the University of Arizona, and by 1936 he was heading...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1898 – 1963)
• James Carpenter
  James Carpenter
  James Carpenter was a British astronomer at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich.During the 1860s he performed the first observations of stellar spectra at the observatory, under the direction of the Astronomer Royal George Airy...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1840 – 1899)
• Richard Christopher Carrington
  Richard Christopher Carrington
  Richard Christopher Carrington was an English amateur astronomer whose 1859 astronomical observations first corroborated the existence of solar flares as well as their electrical influence upon the Earth and its aurorae; and whose 1863 records of sunspot observations demonstrated differential...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1826 – 1875)
• Sir John Carroll
  John Carroll (astronomer)
  John A. Carroll was a British astronomer and physicist. In the 1920s he worked at the Solar Physics Observatory, Cambridge, UK with F.J.M...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1899 – 1974)
• César-François Cassini de Thury
  César-François Cassini de Thury
  César-François Cassini de Thury , also called Cassini III or Cassini de Thury, was a French astronomer and cartographer.- Biography :...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1714 – 1784)
• Dominique, comte de Cassini
  Dominique, comte de Cassini
  This article is about the French astronomer. For his Italian-born great-grandfather, see Giovanni Domenico Cassini.Jean-Dominique, comte de Cassini was a French astronomer, son of César-François Cassini de Thury....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1748 – 1845)
• Giovanni Domenico Cassini
  Giovanni Domenico Cassini
  This article is about the Italian-born astronomer. For his French-born great-grandson, see Jean-Dominique Cassini.Giovanni Domenico Cassini was an Italian/French mathematician, astronomer, engineer, and astrologer...
  
   a.k.a. Jean-Dominique Cassini (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1625 – 1712)
• Jacques Cassini
  Jacques Cassini
  Jacques Cassini was a French-Italian astronomer, son of the famous Italian astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1677 – 1756)
• Bonaventura Cavalieri
  Bonaventura Cavalieri
  Bonaventura Francesco Cavalieri was an Italian mathematician. He is known for his work on the problems of optics and motion, work on the precursors of infinitesimal calculus, and the introduction of logarithms to Italy...
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1598 – 1647)
• Anders Celsius
  Anders Celsius
  Anders Celsius was a Swedish astronomer. He was professor of astronomy at Uppsala University from 1730 to 1744, but traveled from 1732 to 1735 visiting notable observatories in Germany, Italy and France. He found the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory in 1741, and in 1742 he proposed the Celsius...
  
  , (1701 – 1744)
• Vincenzo Cerulli
  Vincenzo Cerulli
  Vincenzo Cerulli was an Italian astronomer who owned a private observatory in Teramo, where he was born.Cerulli compiled a star catalog with Elia Millosevich...
  
  , (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1859 – 1927)
• Jean Chacornac
  Jean Chacornac
  Jean Chacornac was a French astronomer.He was born and died in Lyon. Working in Marseille and Paris, he discovered six asteroids. The asteroid 1622 Chacornac and the crater Chacornac on the Moon are named in his honour....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1823 – 1873)
• James Challis
  James Challis
  James Challis FRS was an English clergyman, physicist and astronomer. Plumian Professor and director of the Cambridge Observatory, he investigated a wide range of physical phenomena though made few lasting contributions outside astronomy...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1803 – 1882)
• Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
  Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
  Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, FRS , ) was an Indian American astrophysicist. He was a Nobel laureate in physics along with William Alfred Fowler for their work in the theoretical structure and evolution of stars. He was the nephew of Indian Nobel Laureate Sir C. V...
  
   (India
  India
  India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1910 – 1995)
• Carl Charlier
  Carl Charlier
  Carl Vilhelm Ludwig Charlier was a Swedish astronomer.He received his Ph.D. from Uppsala University in 1887, later worked there and at the Stockholm Observatory and was Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Observatory at Lund University from 1897.He made extensive statistical studies of the...
  
   (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  , 1862 – 1934)
• Auguste Charlois
  Auguste Charlois
  Auguste Honoré Charlois was a French astronomer who discovered 99 asteroids while working in Nice.His first discovery was the asteroid 267 Tirza in 1887...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1864 – 1910)
• Lyudmila Ivanovna Chernykh (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  ?, Ukraine
  Ukraine
  Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south. The city of Kiev is both the capital and the largest city of...
  
  )
• Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh
  Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh
  Nikolay Stepanovich Chernykh was a Soviet, Lithuanian and Russian astronomer.Chernykh was born in the city of Usman' in Voronezh Oblast...
  
   (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  , Ukraine
  Ukraine
  Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south. The city of Kiev is both the capital and the largest city of...
  
  , 1931 – )
• James Christy (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1938 – )
• Edwin Foster Coddington
  Edwin Foster Coddington
  Edwin Foster Coddington was an American astronomer.He co-discovered the comet C/1898 L1 , also known by the older designation Comet 1898 VII. He also discovered a few asteroids, and the galaxy IC 2574 in Ursa Major, which later became known as the "Coddington Nebula"....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1870 – 1950)
• Jérôme Eugène Coggia
  Jérôme Eugène Coggia
  Jérôme Eugène Coggia was a 19th-century French astronomer.Working in Marseille, he discovered a number of comets, including the bright "Coggia's Comet" . The periodic comet 27P/Crommelin was previously called "Comet Pons-Coggia-Winnecke-Forbes"....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1849 – 1919)
• Josep Comas Solá
  Josep Comas Solá
  Josep Comas i Solà was a Catalan astronomer.He observed planets including Mars and Saturn, measuring the period of rotation of the latter...
  
   (Spain
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...
  
  )
• Andrew Ainslie Common
  Andrew Ainslie Common
  Andrew Ainslie Common FRS was an English astronomer born in Newcastle Upon Tyne.Among other things, he observed the satellites of Mars and Saturn. He worked on astrophotography, making a celebrated early photograph of the Orion Nebula in 1883...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1841 – 1903)
• Guy Consolmagno
  Guy Consolmagno
  Brother Guy J. Consolmagno, SJ , is an American research astronomer and planetary scientist at the Vatican Observatory....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1952 – )
• E. J. Cooper (Ireland
  Ireland
  Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland, separated by the Irish Sea, is the island of Great Britain...
  
  , 1798 – 1863)
• Nicolaus Copernicus
  Nicolaus Copernicus
  Nicolaus Copernicus was the first astronomer to formulate a comprehensive heliocentric cosmology, which displaced the Earth from the center of the universe...
  
   (1473 – 1543)
• Corsono Carsono
  Corsono Carsono
  Corsono Carsono was a Spanish astronomer of the fourteenth century.He was commissioned by King Pedro IV of Aragon to translate from Catalonian into Hebrew the astronomical tables known as The Tables of Don Pedro, which, at Don Pedro's command, had been begun by Maestre Piero Gilebert, and finished...
  
   (Spain
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...
  
  )
• Pablo Cottenot
  Pablo Cottenot
  Pablo Cottenot was a French astronomer.He worked at Marseille Observatory, but according to Edouard Stephan, Cottenot's astronomy career was brief, because he was dumb.He did however, discover one asteroid....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  )
• Heather Couper
  Heather Couper
  Heather Anita Couper CBE CPhys is a British astronomer who popularized astronomy in the 1980s and 1990s on British television. She is a former president of the British Astronomical Association .-Early life:...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1949 – )
• Leopold Courvoisier
  Leopold Courvoisier
  Leopold Courvoisier was a Swiss astronomer. He was born in Riehen, Switzerland, near Basel.. He was the chief observer at the observatory in Babelsberg from 1905 to 1938.-Work:...
  
   (Switzerland
  Switzerland
  Switzerland , officially the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 states named cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities...
  
  , 1873 – 1955)
• Arthur Edwin Covington (Canada
  Canada
  Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
  
  , 1914 – 2001)
• Philip Herbert Cowell
  Philip Herbert Cowell
  Philip Herbert Cowell was a British astronomer.Philip Herbert Cowell was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. He became second chief assistant at the Royal Greenwich Observatory in 1896 and later became the Superintendent of HM Nautical Almanac Office during 1910–1930...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1870 – 1949)
• Thomas George Cowling
  Thomas George Cowling
  Thomas George Cowling was an English astronomer.Cowling was born in Hackney, London and studied mathematics at Brasenose College, Oxford from 1924 to 1930. From 1928 to 1930 he worked under Edward Arthur Milne...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1906 – 1990)
• Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin
  Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin
  Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin was a astronomer. He was born in Cherois in the Champaign region of France, and educated in England at Marlborough College and Trinity College, Cambridge...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1865 – 1939)
• James Cuffey
  James Cuffey
  James Cuffey was an American astronomer. He specialized in photoelectric photometry and held the patent on the Cuffey Iris Photometer, an instrument used in stellar photographic photometry....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1911 – 1999)
• Heber Doust Curtis
  Heber Doust Curtis
  Heber Doust Curtis was an American astronomer.He served as director of the Allegheny Observatory. He is best known as one of the participants in the "Great Debate" of 1920 with Harlow Shapley on the nature of nebulas and galaxies and the size of the universe.-External links:*...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1872 – 1942)
• Bobby Trafton Fjerstad (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
   1998- )

D

• Jacques Eugène d'Allonville
  Jacques D'Allonville
  Jacques Eugène d'Allonville, Chevalier de Louville par Fontenelle was a French astronomer and mathematician....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1671 – 1732)
• Andre Louis Danjon (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1890 – 1967)
• Heinrich d'Arrest (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1822 – 1875)
• George Howard Darwin (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1845 – 1912)
• Roger Davies
  Roger Davies
  Roger Davies may refer to:* Roger Davies , Australian-born manager in the music industry* Roger Davies , fictional character in the Harry Potter book series...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1954- )
• William Rutter Dawes
  William Rutter Dawes
  William Rutter Dawes was an English astronomer.Dawes was born in West Sussex, the son of William Dawes, also an astronomer, who travelled to the colony of New South Wales on the First Fleet in 1788....
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1799 – 1868)
• Bernhard Dawson
  Bernhard Dawson
  Bernhard Hildebrandt Dawson was a U.S.-born Argentine astronomer.He was born in Kansas City, Missouri and earned a B.S. from the University of Michigan, 1916. From 1913 onward, he worked at the La Plata Observatory, Argentina. In 1933 he was awarded a Ph.D. from Michigan with a thesis titled, "The...
  
   (Argentina
  Argentina
  Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations, though Mexico,...
  
  , 1890 – 1960)
• Leo de Ball (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , Austria
  Austria
  Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west...
  
  , 1853 – 1916)
• Henri Debehogne
  Henri Debehogne
  Henri Debehogne was a Belgian astronomer.He worked at the Observatoire Royal de Belgique in Uccle, and specialized in astrometry of comets and asteroids....
  
   (Belgium
  Belgium
  The Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
  
  )
• Annibale de Gasparis
  Annibale de Gasparis
  Annibale de Gasparis was an Italian astronomer. From 1864 to 1889 he was the director of the Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte in Naples.He won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1851....
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1819 – 1892)
• Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre
  Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre
  Jean Baptiste Joseph, chevalier Delambre was a French mathematician and astronomer. He was also director of the Paris Observatory, and author of well-known books on the history of astronomy from ancient times to the 18th century.After a childhood fever, he suffered from very sensitive eyes, and...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1749 – 1822)
• Charles-Eugène Delaunay
  Charles-Eugène Delaunay
  Charles-Eugène Delaunay was a French astronomer and mathematician. His lunar motion studies were important in advancing both the theory of planetary motion and mathematics.-Life:...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1816 – 1872)
• Eugène Joseph Delporte
  Eugène Joseph Delporte
  Eugène Joseph Delporte was a Belgian astronomer.-Early Life:Born on January 10 1872 to Eugène-Marie and Alice Delporte, in Antwerp, Belgium, his father served as a member of the Force Publique in the Congo Free State and the family subsequently lived in the Belgian Congo from 1884-1896, his...
  
   (Belgium
  Belgium
  The Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
  
  , 1882 – 1955)
• Audrey Delsanti
• William Frederick Denning
  William Frederick Denning
  William Frederick Denning was a British astronomer.Denning devoted a great deal of time to searching for comets, and discovered several including the periodic comet 72P/Denning-Fujikawa and the lost comet D/1894 F1...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1848 – 1931)
• Alíz Derekas
  Alíz Derekas
  Alíz Derekas is a Hungarian astronomer who co-discovered whilst working at Piszkéstető Station, Konkoly Obszervatórium, Hungary.She was born in Kalocsa, Hungary and currently works at the University of Sydney in Sydney, Australia....
  
   (Hungary
  Hungary
  Hungary , in English officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. Its capital is Budapest. Hungary is a member of OECD, NATO, EU, V4 and is a Schengen state...
  
  , 1977 – )
• Willem de Sitter
  Willem de Sitter
  Willem de Sitter was a Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer.Born in Sneek, De Sitter studied mathematics at the University of Groningen and then joined the Groningen astronomical laboratory. He worked at the Cape Observatory in South Africa . Then, in 1908, de Sitter was appointed to the...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1872 – 1934)
• Henri-Alexandre Deslandres
  Henri-Alexandre Deslandres
  Henri Alexandre Deslandres was a French astronomer, director of the Meudon and Paris Observatories.Deslandres' undergraduate years at the École Polytechnique were played out against the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War and the chaos of the Paris Commune so, on graduation in 1874, he responded...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1853 – 1948)
• Alexander Nikolaevich Deutsch
  Alexander Nikolaevich Deutsch
  Alexander Nikolaevich Deutsch was a Ukrainian astronomer who worked at Pulkovo Observatory and Simeiz Observatory, Crimea....
  
   (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  )
• Gérard de Vaucouleurs
  Gérard de Vaucouleurs
  Gérard Henri de Vaucouleurs was a French astronomer.-Biography:Born in Paris, he had an early interest in amateur astronomy and received his undergraduate degree in 1939 at the Sorbonne in that city...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1918 – 1995)
• Robert Dicke (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1916 – 1997)
• Terence Dickinson
  Terence Dickinson
  Terence Dickinson, CM is a leading amateur astronomer and science writer who lives near the rural town of Yarker, Ontario, Canada. He is the editor of SkyNews magazine and an astronomy commentator for Discovery Channel Canada. He has written fourteen books, which are widely regarded as some of...
  
  , (Canada
  Canada
  Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
  
  ), astronomer and author
• Thomas Digges
  Thomas Digges
  Sir Thomas Digges was an English mathematician and astronomer, and the first to exposit the Copernican system in English.-Life:Thomas was the son of Leonard Digges...
  
   (England
  England
  England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
  
  , 1546 – 1595)
• Herbert Dingle
  Herbert Dingle
  Herbert Dingle , an English physicist and natural philosopher, who served as president of the Royal Astronomical Society from 1951 to 1953, is best known for his opposition to Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity and the protracted controversy that this provoked.-Biography:Dingle was born...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1890 – 1978)
• Andrea Di Paola
  Andrea Di Paola
  Andrea Di Paola is an Italian astronomer . He works at the Osservatorio astronomico di Roma.He has discovered a number of asteroids. The asteroid 27130 Dipaola is named in his honour....
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  )
• Ewine van Dishoeck
  Ewine van Dishoeck
  Ewine van Dishoeck is a Dutch astronomer and chemist. She is Professor of Molecular Astrophysics and the director of the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics at the Leiden University. She is a member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences and the U.S. National Academy of Sciences...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1955 – )
• John Lowry Dobson
  John Dobson (astronomer)
  John Lowry Dobson is a highly influential amateur astronomer. He is well known in astronomy circles because his name is attached to the popular Dobsonian telescope design. He is credited for inventing the design, which is used by a large number of amateur astronomers. He is less known for his...
  
   (1915 – )
• David Dodge
  David Dodge
  David Dodge is the name of:* David A. Dodge , Canadian economist and Governor of the Bank of Canada from 2001 to 2008* David F. Dodge , American novelist...
  
  , (Canada
  Canada
  Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
  
  ) (1949 – )
• Franjo Dominko, (Slovenia
  Slovenia
  Slovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in Central Europe bordering Italy to the west, the Adriatic Sea to the southwest, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north...
  
  , 1903 – 1987)
• Giovanni Battista Donati
  Giovanni Battista Donati
  Giovanni Battista Donati ; 16 December 1826, Pisa, Italy – 20 September 1873, Florence, Italy) was an Italian astronomer.Donati graduated from the university of his native city, Pisa, and afterwards joined the staff of the Observatory of Florence in 1852...
  
  , (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1826 – 1873)
• Frank Drake
  Frank Drake
  Dr. Frank Donald Drake is an American astronomer and astrophysicist. He is most famous for founding SETI and creating the Drake equation and Arecibo Message.-Early life and education:...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1930 – )
• Henry Draper
  Henry Draper
  Henry Draper was an American doctor and astronomer. He is best known today as a pioneer of astrophotography.- Life and work :...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1837 – 1882)
• John Dreyer (Ireland
  Ireland
  Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland, separated by the Irish Sea, is the island of Great Britain...
  
  , 1852 – 1926)
• Alexander D. Dubyago (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  ), 1903 – 1959)
• Dmitrij I. Dubyago (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  ), 1850 – 1918)
• Jean C. B. Dufay
  Jean Dufay
  Jean Claude Barthélemy Dufay was a French astronomer.During his career he studied nebulae, interstellar matter, the night sky and cometary physics. In 1925, while working in collaboration with Jean Cabannes, he computed the altitude of the Earth's ozone layer...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1896 – 1967)
• Raymond Smith Dugan
  Raymond Smith Dugan
  Raymond Smith Dugan was an American astronomer and a graduate of Amherst College in Massachusetts .He did his Masters Degree at Amherst College in 1902, and then did his Ph.D...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1878 – 1940)
• Petar Đurković (Serbia
  Serbia
  Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a country located in both Central and Southeastern Europe. Its territory covers the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and central part of the Balkans...
  
  , 1908 – 1981)
• Frank Watson Dyson
  Frank Watson Dyson
  Sir Frank Watson Dyson, KBE, FRS was an English astronomer and Astronomer Royal who is remembered today largely for introducing time signals from Greenwich, England, and for the role he played in testing Einstein's theory of general relativity.- Biography :Dyson was born in Measham, near...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1868 – 1939)

E

• Arthur Eddington, (England
  England
  England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
  
  ), (1882 – 1944)
• Frank K. Edmondson
  Frank K. Edmondson
  Frank K. Edmondson was an American astronomer.-Life and career:Edmondson was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and grew up in Seymour, Indiana...
  
  , (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  ), (1912 – 2008)
• Olin J. Eggen
  Olin J. Eggen
  Olin Jeuck Eggen was an American astronomer. Some sources incorrectly give his name as Olin Jenck Eggen....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1919 – 1998)
• Eise Eisinga
  Eise Eisinga
  Eise Jeltes Eisinga was a Dutch amateur astronomer who built an orrery in his house in Franeker, Netherlands. The orrery still exists and is the oldest functioning planetarium in the world.-Biography:...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1744 – 1828)
• Eric Elst (Belgium
  Belgium
  The Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
  
  )
• Johann Franz Encke
  Johann Franz Encke
  Johann Franz Encke was a German astronomer, born in Hamburg. He is sometimes confused with Karl Ludwig Hencke, another German astronomer.-Biography:...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1791 – 1865)
• Eratosthenes
  Eratosthenes
  Eratosthenes of Cyrene was a Greek mathematician, elegiac poet, athlete, geographer, and astronomer. He made several discoveries and inventions including a system of latitude and longitude...
  
   (Alexandria
  Alexandria
  Alexandria , with a population of 4.1 million, is the second-largest city in Egypt, and is the country's largest seaport, serving about 80% of Egypt's imports and exports...
  
  , 276 BC – 194 BC)
• Emil Ernst
  Emil Ernst
  Emil Ernst was a German astronomer.He did his Ph.D. dissertation in 1918 at the Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl at the University of Heidelberg....
  
   (Ph.D. Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  )
• Ernest Esclangon
  Ernest Esclangon
  Ernest Benjamin Esclangon was a French astronomer and mathematician.Born in Mison , France, in 1895 he started to study mathematics at the École Normale Supérieure, graduating in 1898...
  
  , (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1876 – 1954)
• Larry W. Esposito
  Larry W. Esposito
  Larry W. Esposito is an American planetary astronomer and a Professor at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado. A 1973 graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Esposito received his Ph.D in Astronomy from the University of Massachusetts-Amherst. ...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• Eudoxus
  Eudoxus of Cnidus
  Eudoxus of Cnidus was a Greek astronomer, mathematician, scholar and student of Plato. Since all his own works are lost, our knowledge of him is obtained from secondary sources, such as Aratus's poem on astronomy...
  
   (Cnidus, circa 408 BC – circa 347 BC)

F

• David Fabricius
  David Fabricius
  David Fabricius was a German theologian who made two major discoveries in the early days of telescopic astronomy, jointly with his eldest son, Johannes Fabricius ....
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1564 – 1617)
• Sandra M. Faber
  Sandra M. Faber
  Sandra Moore Faber is a University Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of California, Santa Cruz and works at the Lick Observatory. In 1972 she received her Ph.D. in Astronomy from Harvard University, prior to that she obtained a B.A., with high honors, in physics from...
  
   (USA, 1945-)
• Johannes Fabricius
  Johannes Fabricius
  Johann Fabricius , eldest son of David Fabricius , was a Frisian/German astronomer and a discoverer of sunspots, independently of Galileo Galilei.-Biography:...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1587 – 1615)
• Fearon Fallows
  Fearon Fallows
  Fearon Fallows was an English astronomer.-Life:He was born in Cockermouth in Cumbria, the son of John Fallows, a weaver, and his wife Rebecca...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1789 – 1831)
• Hervé Faye
  Hervé Faye
  Hervé Auguste Étienne Albans Faye was a French astronomer, born at Saint-Benoît-du-Sault and educated at the Ecole Polytechnique, which he left in 1834, before completing his course, to accept a position in the Paris Observatory to which he had been appointed on the recommendation of M...
  
   (1814 – 1902)
• Charles Fehrenbach
  Charles Fehrenbach (astronomer)
  Charles Fehrenbach was a French astronomer and member of the French Academy of Sciences. He was director of the Observatoire de Haute Provence until 1983....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1914 – 2008)
• Farghani
  Al-Farghani
  ' also known as Alfraganus in the West was a Persian astronomer and one of the famous astronomers in 9th century.He was involved in the measurement of the diameter of the Earth together with a team of scientists under the patronage of al-Ma'mūn in Baghdad...
  
   (Persia, d. after 861)
• James Ferguson
  James Ferguson (astronomer)
  James Ferguson was an American astronomer and engineer born in Scotland who made the first discovery of an asteroid from North America . Starting in 1847, he worked at the U.S...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1797 – 1867)
• Alex Filippenko (USA, 1958 – )
• Erwin Finlay-Freundlich
  Erwin Finlay-Freundlich
  Erwin Finlay-Freundlich [Scottish name:"Finlay"] was a German astronomer, a pupil of Felix Klein. He was born in Biebrich, Germany...
  
   (1885 – 1964)
• Axel Firsoff
  Axel Firsoff
  Valdemar Axel Firsoff was known principally as an amateur astronomer. He was born in ca. 1910 of Swedish descent, and died on 19 November 1981. He lived in Lochearnhead, Scotland, before moving to Somerset, England, where he settled in Glastonbury....
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1910 – 1981)
• J. Richard Fisher
  J. Richard Fisher
  J. Richard Fisher is an astronomer at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory at Charlottesville, VA. He received his Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of Maryland, College Park and his B.S. in Physics from the Pennsylvania State University.Fisher, along with R...
  
  
• Camille Flammarion
  Camille Flammarion
  Nicolas Camille Flammarion was a French astronomer and author. He is commonly referred to as Camille Flammarion.-Life:Camille Flammarion was born in Montigny-le-Roi, Haute-Marne, France...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1842 – 1925)
• Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion
  Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion
  Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion was a French astronomer. She worked at the observatory at Juvisy-sur-Orge, France, and was General Secretary of the Société Astronomique de France....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1867 – 1962)
• John Flamsteed
  John Flamsteed
  John Flamsteed FRS was an English astronomer and the first Astronomer Royal.- Life :Flamsteed was born in Denby, Derbyshire, England, and was educated at Derby School, in St Peter's Churchyard, Derby, near where his father carried on a malting business. At that time, most masters of the school...
  
  , (England
  England
  England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
  
  , 1646 – 1719)
• Honoré Flaugergues
  Honoré Flaugergues
  Honoré Flaugergues was a French astronomer.....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1755 – 1835)
• Williamina Fleming
  Williamina Fleming
  Williamina Paton Stevens Fleming , astronomer, was born in Dundee, Scotland, to Robert Stevens and Mary Walker Stevens. She attended public schools in Dundee, and at the age of 14, she became a pupil-teacher. She married James Orr Fleming, and they moved to the U.S. and settled in Boston,...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1857 – 1911)
• Wilhelm Julius Foerster
  Wilhelm Julius Foerster
  Wilhelm Julius Foerster was a German astronomer, father of the pacifist and ethicist Friedrich Wilhelm Foerster. His name can also be written Förster, but is usually written "Foerster" even in most German sources where 'ö' is otherwise used in the text.A native of Grünberg, Silesia, he worked as...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1832 – 1921)
• Alfred Fowler
  Alfred Fowler
  Alfred Fowler was an English astronomer.He was an expert in spectroscopy, being one of the first to determine that the temperature of sunspots was cooler than that of surrounding regions.-Honours:...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1868 – 1940)
• William Alfred Fowler
  William Alfred Fowler
  William Alfred "Willie" Fowler was an American astrophysicist. He should not be confused with the British astronomer Alfred Fowler....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1911 – 1995)
• Philip Fox (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1878 – 1944)
• Andrew Fraknoi
  Andrew Fraknoi
  Andrew Fraknoi, M.A., is an astronomy professor at Foothill College and the 2007 California Professor of the Year awarded by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and the Council for Advancement and Support of Education. Fraknoi also won the Astronomical Society of the Pacific's...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1948-)
• Joseph von Fraunhofer
  Joseph von Fraunhofer
  Joseph von Fraunhofer was a German optician. He is known for the discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.-Biography:Fraunhofer was born in Straubing, Bavaria...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1787 – 1826)
• Herbert Friedman
  Herbert Friedman
  Herbert Friedman was an American pioneer in the application of sounding rockets to solar physics, aeronomy, and astronomy. He was also a statesman and public advocate for science...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1916 – 2000 )
• Dirk D. Frimout, (Belgium
  Belgium
  The Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
  
  , 1941 – ), engineer and cosmonaut
• Edwin Brant Frost
  Edwin Brant Frost
  Edwin Brant Frost II was an American astronomer.-Biography:He was born in Brattleboro, Vermont. His father, Carlton Pennington Frost, was dean of Dartmouth Medical School....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1866 – 1935)

G

• Bryan Gaensler
  Bryan Gaensler
  Bryan Malcolm Gaensler is an Australian astronomer and former Young Australian of the Year, currently based at the University of Sydney. He is best known for his work on magnetars, supernova remnants and magnetic fields.- Education :...
  
   (Australia
  Australia
  Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the continental mainland , the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans...
  
  )
• Gan De
  Gan De
  Gan De was a Chinese astronomer/astrologer born in the State of Qi also known as the Lord Gan . Along with Shi Shen, he is believed to be the first in history to compile a star catalogue, followed by the Greek Hipparchus who is the first known in the Western tradition to have compiled a star...
  
   (China
  China
  China is a cultural region, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
  
  , fl. 4th century BC)
• Galileo Galilei
  Galileo Galilei
  Galileo Galilei was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism...
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1564 – 1642)
• Julio Garavito Armero
  Julio Garavito Armero
  Julio Garavito Armero was a Colombian astronomer.Born in Bogotá, he was a child prodigy in science and mathematics. He obtained his degrees as mathematician and civil engineer in the Escuela Nacional de Ingeniería...
  
  
• Gautama Siddha
  Gautama Siddha
  Gautama Siddha was a Chinese translator, astronomer, astrologer and compiler of Indian descent, known for leading the compilation of the Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era during the Tang Dynasty. He was born in Chang'an, and his family was originally from India, according to a tomb stele...
  
   (China
  China
  China is a cultural region, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
  
  , fl. 8th century AD)
• Johann Gottfried Galle
  Johann Gottfried Galle
  Johann Gottfried Galle was a German astronomer at the Berlin Observatory who, with the assistance of student Heinrich Louis d'Arrest, was the first person to view the planet Neptune, and know what he was looking at...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1812 – 1910)
• George Gamow
  George Gamow
  George Gamow , born Georgiy Antonovich Gamov , was a Russian Empire-born theoretical physicist and cosmologist...
  
   (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1904 – 1968)
• Carl Friedrich Gauss
  Carl Friedrich Gauss
  Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss was a German mathematician and scientist who contributed significantly to many fields, including number theory, statistics, analysis, differential geometry, geodesy, geophysics, electrostatics, astronomy and optics...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1777 – 1855)
• Tom Gehrels
  Tom Gehrels
  Tom Gehrels is an American astronomer, Professor Planetary Sciences, and Astronomer at the University of Arizona, Tucson....
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1925 – )
• Andrea Ghez
  Andrea Ghez
  Andrea Mia Ghez is an astronomer and professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at UCLA. She received a BS in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1987 and her Ph.D. at the California Institute of Technology in 1992...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• Riccardo Giacconi
  Riccardo Giacconi
  Riccardo Giacconi is an Italian/American Nobel Prize-winning astrophysicist who laid the foundations of X-ray astronomy.- Biography :...
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1931 – )
• Michel Giacobini
  Michel Giacobini
  Michel Giacobini was a French astronomer.He discovered a number of comets, including 21P/Giacobini-Zinner , 41P/Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresak, and 205P/Giacobini...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1873 – 1938)
• Henry Lee Giclas (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• David Gill
  David Gill (astronomer)
  Sir David Gill FRS was a Scottish astronomer who is known for measuring astronomical distances, for astrophotography, and for geodesy. He spent much of his career in South Africa.- Life and work :...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1843 – 1914)
• Thomas Gold
  Thomas Gold
  Thomas Gold was an Austrian-born astrophysicist, a professor of astronomy at Cornell University, a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the Royal Society . Gold was one of three young Cambridge scientists who in the 1950s proposed the now mostly abandoned 'steady...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1920 – 2004)
• Leo Goldberg
  Leo Goldberg
  Leo Goldberg was an American astronomer who held professorships at Harvard and the University of Michigan and the directorships of several major observatories. He was president of both the International Astronomical Union and the American Astronomical Society...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1913 – 1987)
• Peter Goldreich
  Peter Goldreich
  Peter Goldreich is an American astrophysicist whose research focuses on planetary rings, helioseismology and neutron stars. He is currently the Lee DuBridge Professor of Astrophysics and Planetary Physics at California Institute of Technology...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1939 – )
• Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt
  Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt
  Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt was a German astronomer and painter who spent much of his life in France.He was born in Frankfurt, the son of a Jewish merchant...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1802 – 1866)
• François Gonnessiat
  François Gonnessiat
  François Gonnessiat was a French astronomer.He worked at the Observatory of Lyon. In 1901 became director of the Quito Observatory for the purpose of making geodetic measurements. He became a well known and respected member of the academic scene of the city, where a street is named after him...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1856 – 1934)
• John Goodricke
  John Goodricke
  John Goodricke FRS was an eminent and profoundly deaf amateur astronomer. He is best known for his observations of the variable star Algol in 1782...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1764 – 1786)
• Abu Sa'id Gorgani
  Abu Sa'id Gorgani
  Abu Sa'id al-Darir al-Jurjani , also spelled Gorgani, was a 9th century Persian mathematician and astronomer from Gorgan, Iran. He wrote a treatise on geometrical problems and another on the drawing of the meridian....
  
   (Persia, 9th century)
• Hatice Nüzhet Gökdoğan (Turkey
  Turkey
  Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in Western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe...
  
  , 1910 – 003)
• Paul Götz
  Paul Götz
  Paul Götz was an astronomer.He did his Ph.D. dissertation in 1907 at the Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl at the University of Heidelberg....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  )
• Benjamin Apthorp Gould
  Benjamin Apthorp Gould
  Benjamin Apthorp Gould was a pioneering American astronomer. He is notable for creating the Astronomical Journal, discovering the Gould Belt, and for founding of the Argentine National Observatory and the Argentine National Weather Service.He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, son of Benjamin...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1824 – 1896)
• Andrew Graham (Ireland
  Ireland
  Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland, separated by the Irish Sea, is the island of Great Britain...
  
  , 1815 – 1907)
• Charles Green
  Charles Green (astronomer)
  Charles Green was a British astronomer, noted for his assignment by the Royal Society in 1768 to the expedition sent to the Pacific Ocean in order to observe the transit of Venus and the transit of Mercury, aboard James Cook's Endeavour.A farmer's son, he became assistant to the Astronomer Royal...
  
   (England
  England
  England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
  
  , 1735 – 1771)
• Jesse Greenstein (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1909 – 2002)
• John Grunsfeld (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1956 – )
• Jay U. Gunter
  Jay U. Gunter
  June U. Gunter , better known as Jay U. Gunter or J. U. Gunter, was an American pathologist and amateur astronomer. -Life and professional career:Jay U. Gunter was born in Sanford, North Carolina...
  
  , (United States
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1911 - 1994)
• Alexander A. Gurshtein
  Alexander A. Gurshtein
  Alexander A. Gurshtein is a Russian astronomer and historian of science.Gurshtein earned his Candidate of Science from Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, Moscow in 1966 and a Doctor of Science degree in Physics & Mathematics from Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory in St...
  
  
• Bengt Gustafsson
  Bengt Gustafsson (astronomer)
  Bengt Gustafsson is a professor in astronomy at Uppsala University in Sweden.He is known for his work in uniting cosmic science with culture and theology, and questioning space science from a humanistic point of view. In 2002, Bengt was awarded the grand prize of the Royal Institute of Technology,...
  
  , (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  , 1943 – )
• Guo Shoujing
  Guo Shoujing
  Guo Shoujing , courtesy name Ruosi , was a Chinese astronomer, engineer, and mathematician born in Xingtai, Hebei and lived during the Yuan Dynasty...
  
   (China
  China
  China is a cultural region, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
  
  , 1231 – 1316)
• Alan Harvey Guth (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1947 – )

H

• Yusuke Hagihara
  Yusuke Hagihara
  Yusuke Hagihara was a Japanese astronomer noted for his contributions to celestial mechanics.Hagihara graduated...
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  , 1897 –1979)
• George Ellery Hale
  George Ellery Hale
  George Ellery Hale was an American solar astronomer, born in Chicago. He was educated at MIT, at the Observatory of Harvard College, , and at Berlin...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1868 – 1938)
• Asaph Hall
  Asaph Hall
  Asaph Hall III was an American astronomer who is most famous for having discovered the moons of Mars in 1877...
  
   (USA, 1829 – 1907)
• Edmond Halley
  Edmond Halley
  Edmond Halley FRS was an English astronomer, geophysicist, mathematician, meteorologist, and physicist, who is best known for computing the orbit of Halley's comet, which is named for him.- Biography and career :...
  
   (England
  England
  England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
  
  , 1656 – 1742)
• Peter Andreas Hansen
  Peter Andreas Hansen
  Peter Andreas Hansen was a Danish astronomer, was born at Tønder, Schleswig.The son of a goldsmith, he learned the trade of a watchmaker at Flensburg, and exercised it at Berlin and Tønder, 1818–1820...
  
   (December 8, 1795 – March 28 1874)
• Abulfazl Harawi (Persia, 10th century)
• Karl Ludwig Harding
  Karl Ludwig Harding
  Karl Ludwig Harding was a German astronomer notable for having discovered the asteroid 3 Juno.Harding was born in Lauenburg. In 1796 Johann Hieronymus Schröter hired Harding as a tutor for his son. In 1804, Harding discovered Juno at Schröter's observatory...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1765 – 1834)
• Thomas Hariot (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1560 – 1621)
• Guillermo Haro
  Guillermo Haro
  Professor Guillermo Haro was born in Mexico City where he grew during the time of the Mexican Revolution. He studied philosophy at the National Autonomous University of Mexico...
  
   (Mexico
  Mexico
  The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
  
  , 1913 – 1988)
• Robert G. Harrington
  Robert G. Harrington
  Robert G. Harrington was an American astronomer who worked at Palomar Observatory. He should not be confused with Robert Sutton Harrington, who was also an astronomer, but was born later and worked at the US Naval Observatory....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• Robert Sutton Harrington
  Robert Sutton Harrington
  Robert Sutton Harrington was an American astronomer who worked at the United States Naval Observatory . He should not be confused with Robert G. Harrington, who was also an astronomer, but was born earlier and worked at the Palomar Observatory.Harrington was born near Newport News, Virginia. His...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1942 – 1993)
• Edward Robert Harrison
  Edward Robert Harrison
  Edward R. Harrison was a British astronomer and cosmologist, who spent much of his career at the University of Massachusetts and University of Arizona...
  
    (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  /USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1917 – 2007)
• William Kenneth Hartmann
  William Kenneth Hartmann
  William K. Hartmann is a noted planetary scientist, author, and writer, and is currently a senior scientist at the Planetary Science Institute. His career spans over 40 years, from work in the early 1960s with Gerard Kuiper on Mare Orientale, and work on the Mariner 9 Mars mapping project, to...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1939 – )
• Stephen Hawking
  Stephen Hawking
  Stephen William Hawking, CH, CBE, FRS, FRSA is a British theoretical physicist. He is known for his contributions to the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity, especially in the context of black holes...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1942 – )
• Will Hay
  Will Hay
  William Thomson Hay was an English comedian, actor, film director and amateur astronomer.He was born in Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham, England to William R...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1888 - 1949)
• John Frederick Heard (Canada
  Canada
  Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
  
  , 1907 - 1976)
• Otto Hermann Leopold Heckmann (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1901 – 1983)
• Carl Heiles
  Carl E. Heiles
  Carl Eugene Heiles is an American astrophysicist noted for his contribution to the understanding of diffuse interstellar matter through observational radio astronomy.-Biography:Heiles was born in Toledo, Ohio...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1939 – )
• Joseph Helffrich
  Joseph Helffrich
  Joseph Helffrich was a German astronomer.He did his Ph.D. dissertation in 1913 at the Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl at the University of Heidelberg ....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1872 - ?)
• Eleanor Helin (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• Maximilian Hell
  Maximilian Hell
  Maximilian Hell was a German, Slovak or Hungarian astronomer and an ordained Jesuit priest from the Austro-Hungarian Empire.- Biography :...
  
   (Austria-Hungary
  Austria-Hungary
  Austria–Hungary, also known as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the k.u.k. Monarchy, or Dual State, was a monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in Central Europe...
  
  , 1720 – 1792)
• Karl Ludwig Hencke
  Karl Ludwig Hencke
  Karl Ludwig Hencke was a German amateur astronomer. He is sometimes confused with Johann Franz Encke, another German astronomer....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1793 – 1866)
• Thomas Henderson
  Thomas James Henderson
  Thomas James Alan Henderson was a Scottish astronomer noted for being the first person to measure the distance to Alpha Centauri, the major component of the nearest stellar system to Earth, and for being the first Astronomer Royal for Scotland.-Early life:Born in Dundee, Scotland, he was educated...
  
   (Scotland
  Scotland
  Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
  
  , 1798 – 1844)
• Paul Henry
  Paul Henry and Prosper Henry
  Paul-Pierre Henry and his brother Mathieu-Prosper Henry were French opticians and astronomers....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1848 – 1905)
• Prosper Henry
  Paul Henry and Prosper Henry
  Paul-Pierre Henry and his brother Mathieu-Prosper Henry were French opticians and astronomers....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1849 – 1903)
• Abraham bar Hiyya (Spanish Jewish), (1070-1136)
• George Howard Herbig (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1920 – )
• Caroline Herschel
  Caroline Herschel
  Caroline Lucretia Herschel was a German-born English astronomer, the sister of astronomer Sir William Herschel with whom she worked throughout both of their careers...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1750 – 1848)
• John Herschel
  John Herschel
  Sir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet KH, FRS was an English mathematician, astronomer, chemist, and experimental photographer/inventor, who in some years also did valuable botanical work. He was the son of astronomer Sir William Herschel and the father of 12 children.Herschel originated...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1792 – 1871)
• William Herschel
  William Herschel
  Sir Frederick William Herschel, KH, FRS, German: Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel, was a German-born English astronomer, technical expert and composer who became famous for discovering Uranus...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1738 – 1822)
• Ejnar Hertzsprung
  Ejnar Hertzsprung
  Ejnar Hertzsprung was a Danish chemist and astronomer.Hertzsprung was born at Copenhagen. In the period 1911-1913, together with Henry Norris Russell, he developed the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram....
  
   (Denmark
  Denmark
  Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe and the senior member of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries; southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and it is bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea...
  
  , 1873 – 1967)
• Johannes Hevelius
  Johannes Hevelius
  Johannes Hevelius , also called Johannes Hewel, Johann Hewelke, Johannes Höwelcke in German, and Jan Heweliusz in Polish , was a Protestant councillor and mayor in Gdańsk , Poland...
  
   (1611 – 1687)
• Antony Hewish
  Antony Hewish
  Antony Hewish is a British radio astronomer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974 for his work on the development of radio aperture synthesis and its role in the discovery of pulsars...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1924 – )
• George William Hill
  George William Hill
  George William Hill , was a U.S. astronomer and mathematician.Hill was born in New York City, New York, son of the painter and engraver John William Hill and Catherine Smith Hill. He moved to West Nyack with his family when he was eight years old. After attending high school, Hill graduated from...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1838 – 1914)
• John Russell Hind
  John Russell Hind
  John Russell Hind FRS was an English astronomer. Some sources give his name as John Russel Hind with only one "L". However, 19th century British astronomical magazines consistently spell his name with two "L"s....
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1823 – 1895)
• Hipparchus
  Hipparchus
  Hipparchus, the common Latinization of the Greek Hipparkhos, can mean:* Hipparchus, the ancient Greek astronomer** Hipparchic cycle, an astronomical cycle he created** Hipparchus , a lunar crater named in his honour...
  
   (Nicaea
  Iznik
  İznik is a city in Turkey which is known primarily as the site of the First and Second Councils of Nicaea, the first and seventh Ecumenical councils in the early history of the Christian church, the Nicene Creed, and as the capital city of the Empire of Nicaea...
  
  , circa 190 BC – 120 BC)
• Kiyotsugu Hirayama
  Kiyotsugu Hirayama
  was a Japanese astronomer, best known for his discovery that many asteroid orbits were more similar to one another than chance would allow, leading to the concept of asteroid families, now called Hirayama families in his honour....
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  , 1874 – 1943)
• Shin Hirayama
  Shin Hirayama
  Shin Hirayama was the first Japanese astronomer to discover an asteroid. In 1900 he discovered 498 Tokio and 727 Nipponia.The crater Hirayama on the Moon is jointly named after him and Kiyotsugu Hirayama.-References:...
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  , 1868 – 1945)
• Gustave-Adolphe Hirn
  Gustave-Adolphe Hirn
  Gustave-Adolphe Hirn was a French physicist, astronomer. mathematician and engineer who made important measurements of the mechanical equivalent of heat and contributions to the early development of thermodynamics...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1815 – 1890)
• Cuno Hoffmeister
  Cuno Hoffmeister
  Cuno Hoffmeister was a German astronomerand founder of Sonneberg Observatory.Born in Sonneberg in 1892, Hoffmeister obtained his first telescope in 1905 and became an avid amateur astronomer. After his father lost most of his money in 1914, Hoffmeister had to leave school in 1916 to start an...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1892 – 1968)
• Dorrit Hoffleit
  Dorrit Hoffleit
  Ellen Dorrit Hoffleit was an American senior research astronomer at Yale University.Hoffleit was born in Florence, Alabama and earned her Ph.D. in astronomy from Radcliffe College in 1938. Starting as a research assistant at the Harvard College Observatory in 1929, she was hired as an astronomer...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1907 – 2007 )
• Helen Sawyer Hogg
  Helen Sawyer Hogg
  Helen Battles Sawyer Hogg, CC was a prolific astronomer noted for her research into globular clusters...
  
   (Canada
  Canada
  Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
  
  , 1905 – 1993)
• Minoru Honda
  Minoru Honda
  Minoru Honda was a Japanese astronomer.He discovered twelve comets between 1940 and 1968, including the periodic comet 45P/Honda-Mrkos-Pajdusakova....
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  , 1917 –1990)
• Jeremiah Horrocks
  Jeremiah Horrocks
  Jeremiah Horrocks , sometimes given as Jeremiah Horrox , was an English astronomer who was the only person to predict, and one of only two people to observe and record, the transit of Venus of 1639.- Life and work :Horrocks was born in Lower Lodge, in...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , c1619 – 1641)
• Cornelis Johannes van Houten
  Cornelis Johannes van Houten
  Cornelis Johannes van Houten was a Dutch astronomer, sometimes referred to as Kees van Houten.Born in The Hague, he spent his entire career at Leiden University except for a brief period as research assistant at Yerkes Observatory...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1920 – August 24 2002)
• Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld
  Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld
  Ingrid Mortimer van Houten-Groeneveld is a Dutch astronomer.In a jointly-credited trio with Tom Gehrels and her husband Cornelis Johannes van Houten, she was an extremely prolific discoverer of many thousands of asteroids...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  )
• Martin van den Hove
  Martin van den Hove
  Martin van den Hove was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician. His adopted Latin name is a translation of the Dutch hof , in Latin horta.-Early life:...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1605 – 1639)
• Fred Hoyle
  Fred Hoyle
  Sir Fred Hoyle FRS was an English astronomer noted primarily for his contribution to the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis and his often controversial stance on other cosmological and scientific matters—in particular his rejection of the "Big Bang" theory, a term originally coined by him as a...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1915 – 2001)
• Edwin Powell Hubble
  Edwin Hubble
  Edwin Powell Hubble was an American astronomer. He profoundly changed our understanding of the universe by demonstrating the existence of other galaxies besides the Milky Way. He also discovered that the degree of redshift observed in light coming from a galaxy increased in proportion to the...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1889 – 1953)
• William Huggins
  William Huggins
  Sir William Huggins, OM, FRS was an English astronomer best known for his pioneering work in astronomical spectroscopy.- Life and work :...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1824 – 1910)
• Russell Alan Hulse
  Russell Alan Hulse
  Russell Alan Hulse is an American physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with his thesis advisor Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., "for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation"...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1950 – )
• Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst
  Hendrik C. van de Hulst
  Hendrik Christoffel "Henk" van de Hulst was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician.In 1944, while a student in Utrecht, he predicted the existence of the 21 cm hyperfine line of neutral interstellar hydrogen...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1918 – 2000)
• Milton Lasell Humason (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1891 – 1972)
• Christiaan Huygens
  Christiaan Huygens
  Christiaan Huygens, FRS was a prominent Dutch mathematician, astronomer, physicist, horologist, and writer of early science fiction...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1629 – 1695)
• Josef Allen Hynek
  J. Allen Hynek
  Dr. Josef Allen Hynek was a United States astronomer, professor, and ufologist. He is perhaps best remembered for his UFO research. Hynek acted as scientific adviser to UFO studies undertaken by the U.S. Air Force under three consecutive names: Project Sign , Project Grudge , and Project Blue Book...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1910 – 1986)

I

• I Sin (China
  China
  China is a cultural region, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
  
  , 683 – 727)
• Icko Iben
  Icko Iben
  Icko Iben, Jr. is an American astronomer and a Distinguished Professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Iben received his PhD from the University of Illinois in 1958...
  
  , Jr. (1931 – )
• Kaoru Ikeya
  Kaoru Ikeya
  Kaoru Ikeya is a Japanese astronomer.He discovered a number of comets, including the celebrated bright C/1965 S1 and the periodic comet 153P/Ikeya-Zhang.Asteroid 4037 Ikeya is named after him....
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  )
• Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes (Scotland
  Scotland
  Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
  
  , South Africa
  South Africa
  The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. To the north lie Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe, to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland, while Lesotho is an independent country surrounded by South Africa.Modern...
  
  , 1861 – 1933)
• Edward Israel
  Edward Israel
  -Early years:Israel was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan on July 1, 1859. He was the son of Mannes and Tillie Israel, the first Jews to settle in Kalamazoo...
  
   (USA, 1859 – 1884)

J

• Cyril V. Jackson
  Cyril V. Jackson
  Cyril Jackson was a South African astronomer.He was born in Ossett, Yorkshire in England, but his father emigrated to South Africa in 1911....
  
   (South Africa
  South Africa
  The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. To the north lie Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe, to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland, while Lesotho is an independent country surrounded by South Africa.Modern...
  
  )
• Karl Guthe Jansky
  Karl Guthe Jansky
  Karl Guthe Jansky was an American physicist and radio engineer who in August 1931 first discovered radio waves emanating from the Milky Way. He is considered one of the founding figures of radio astronomy.- Early life :...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1905 – 1950)
• Pierre Jules César Janssen
  Pierre Jules César Janssen
  Pierre Jules César Janssen was a French astronomer who, along with the English scientist Joseph Norman Lockyer, is credited with discovering the gas helium.-Life, work, and interests:...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1824 – 1907)
• James Jeans (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  ,1877 – 1946)
• Benjamin Jekhowsky
  Benjamin Jekhowsky
  Benjamin Jekhowsky was a Russian-French astronomer, born in Saint-Petersburg in a noble family of a Russian railroad official. After attending Moscow University, he worked at the Paris Observatory beginning in 1912...
  
   (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  , France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , Algeria
  Algeria
  Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country located in North Africa. It is the largest country on the Mediterranean sea, the second largest on the African continent and the eleventh-largest country in the world in terms of land area.It is bordered by Tunisia in...
  
  , 1881 – 1953)
• Louise Freeland Jenkins
  Louise Freeland Jenkins
  Louise Freeland Jenkins was an American astronomer.She was born in Fitchburg, Massachusetts. In 1911 she graduated from Mount Holyoke College, then she received a Master's degree in astronomy in 1917 from the same institution...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1888 – 1970)
• David Jewitt
• Jiao Bingzhen
  Jiao Bingzhen
  Jiāo Bǐngzhēn , 1689-1726) was a native of Jining, Shandong who became a noted painter and astronomer. In painting he is noteworthy as one of the first Qing dynasty painters to be influenced by the West. He is also was among the more significant portrait and miniature painters in the early Qing...
  
   (China, 1689 – 1726)
• Alfred Harrison Joy
  Alfred Harrison Joy
  Alfred Harrison Joy was an astronomer best known for his work on stellar distances, the radial motion of stars, and variable stars.-Early years:...
  
    (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1882 – 1973)

K

• Franz Kaiser
  Franz Kaiser
  Franz Kaiser was a German astronomer.He worked at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl Observatory from 1911 to 1914 while working on his Ph.D. there, which he obtained in 1915. During this time Heidelberg was a center of asteroid discovery, and Kaiser discovered a number of asteroids during his time...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1891 – 1962)
• Piet van de Kamp
  Peter van de Kamp
  Piet van de Kamp , known as Peter van de Kamp in the United States, was a Dutch astronomer who lived most of his life in the United States. He was professor of astronomy at Swarthmore College and director of the college's Sproul Observatory from 1937 until 1972...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1901 – 1995)
• Henry Kandrup
  Henry Kandrup
  Henry Emil Kandrup was an American astrophysicist and professor at the University of Florida, Gainesville from 1990. His parents, Jytte and Fred Kandrup, were immigrants from Denmark....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1955 – 2003)
• Jacobus Kapteyn
  Jacobus Kapteyn
  Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn, was a Dutch astronomer, best known for his extensive studies of the Milky Way and as the first discoverer of evidence for galactic rotation....
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1851 – 1922)
• Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina
  Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina
  Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina is a Soviet Russian or Ukrainian astronomer.Working at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, she has discovered a number of asteroids, including the Amor asteroid 5324 Lyapunov and the Trojan asteroid 3063 Makhaon....
  
   (Ukraine
  Ukraine
  Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south. The city of Kiev is both the capital and the largest city of...
  
  )
• Ghiyath al-Kashi (Persia, 1380 - 1429)
• James Edward Keeler
  James Edward Keeler
  -Career:Keeler worked at Lick Observatory beginning in 1888, but left after being appointed director of the University of Pittsburgh's Allegheny Observatory in 1891. He returned to Lick Observatory as its director in 1898, but died not long after in 1900. He had married in 1891 and left a widow and...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1857 – 1900)
• Johannes Kepler
  Johannes Kepler
  Johannes Kepler was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer, and key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution. He is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1571 – 1630)
• Omar Khayyám
  Omar Khayyám
  Omar Khayyám , , was a Persian polymath, mathematician, philosopher, astronomer and poet. He also wrote treatises on mechanics, geography, music and was a physicist....
  
   (Persia, 1048 – 1131)
• Al-Khujandi
  Al-Khujandi
  Abu Mahmood Khujandi or Abu Mahmud Hamid ibn al-Khidr Al-Khujandi was a Persian astronomer and mathematician who lived in the late 10th century and helped build an observatory near the city of Ray in Iran...
  
   (Persia, 10th century)
• Khwarizmi, (Persia, 780 – 850)
• Abdullah Kızılırmak, (Turkey
  Turkey
  Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in Western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe...
  
  , 1925 – 1983)
• Kidinnu
  Kidinnu
  Kidinnu was a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician. Strabo of Amaseia called him Kidenas, Pliny the Elder Cidenas, and Vettius Valens Kidynas....
  
   (Babylon
  Babylon
  Babylon was a city-state of ancient Mesopotamia, the remains of which are found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers south of Baghdad...
  
  , 4th century BC ; d. 330 BC?)
• Hisashi Kimura
  Hisashi Kimura
  Hisashi Kimura was a Japanese astronomer originally from Kanazawa, Ishikawa.He devoted his career to the study and measurement of variation in latitude, building upon the work of Seth Carlo Chandler, who discovered the Chandler wobble...
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  , 1870 –1943)
• Daniel Kirkwood
  Daniel Kirkwood
  Daniel Kirkwood was an American astronomer.Born in Harford County, Maryland, he was graduated in mathematics from the York County Academy in York, Pennsylvania in 1838...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1814 – 1895)
• Robert Kirshner
  Robert Kirshner
  Robert Kirshner is the Clowes Professor of Science in the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics at Harvard University. Kirshner has worked in several areas of astronomy including the physics of supernovae, supernova remnants, the Large-scale structure of the cosmos, and the use of Supernovae...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues
  Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues
  Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues was a German astronomer.In 1851 he became an assistant to Carl Friedrich Gauss at Göttingen observatory. He got his Ph.D. in 1855...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1827 – 1884)
• Viktor Knorre
  Viktor Knorre
  Viktor Knorre was a Russian astronomer of German ethnic origin.-Biography and family background:Viktor Knorre was born into a three-generation astronomer family...
  
   (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  , 1840 – 1919)
• Takao Kobayashi
  Takao Kobayashi
  is an amateur Japanese astronomer and currently works at the Oizumi Observatory.- Accomplishment :He has discovered more than 2000 asteroids using CCD technology, including the Amor asteroids 7358 Oze, , and about nine Trojan asteroids...
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  )
• Luboš Kohoutek
  Luboš Kohoutek
  Luboš Kohoutek is a Czech astronomer.Kohoutek has been interested with astronomy since high school. He studied physics and astronomy at universities in Brno and Prague...
  
   (1935 – )
• Stefanie Komossa (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  )
• Zdeněk Kopal
  Zdenek Kopal
  Zdeněk Kopal was a Czech astronomer who mainly worked in England.Kopal was born and grew up in Litomyšl . In his early astronomical career, he studied variable stars and in particular close eclipsing binary stars...
  
   (Czech Republic
  Czech Republic
  The Czech Republic is a country in Central Europe that is sometimes considered to be Eastern European. The country borders Poland to the northeast, Germany to the west and northwest, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east. The capital and largest city is Prague...
  
  , UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1914 – 1993)
• August Kopff
  August Kopff
  August Kopff was a German astronomer who discovered several comets and asteroids.He discovered some comets, including periodic comet 22P/Kopff and the non-periodic C/1906 E1....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1882 – 1960)
• Korado Korlević
  Korado Korlevic
  Korado Korlević is a Croatian astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids Korado Korlević (born Poreč, 1958) is a Croatian astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids Korado Korlević (born Poreč, 1958) is a Croatian astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids (1197 as of...
  
   (Croatia
  Croatia
  Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a country in southeast Europe, at the crossroads of the Pannonian Plain, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean Sea. Its capital is Zagreb...
  
  )
• Charles T. Kowal
  Charles T. Kowal
  Charles Thomas Kowal is an American astronomer.He discovered two moons of Jupiter: Leda in 1974 and Themisto in 1975, although the latter was lost and not rediscovered until 2000....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1940 – )
• Robert Kraft
  Robert Kraft (astronomer)
  Robert Paul "Bob" Kraft is an American astronomer. He has done pioneering work on Cepheid variables, novae, and the chemical evolution of the Milky Way....
  
  
• Ľubor Kresák
  Lubor Kresák
  Ľubor Kresák was a Slovak astronomer.He discovered two comets: the periodic comet 41P/Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresak and the non-periodic C/1954 M2 ....
  
   (Slovakia
  Slovakia
  The Slovak Republic is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe with a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia borders the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. The largest city is its capital, Bratislava...
  
  , 1927 – 1994)
• Heinrich Kreutz
  Heinrich Kreutz
  Heinrich Carl Friedrich Kreutz was a German astronomer, most notable for his studies of the orbits of several sungrazing comets, which revealed that they were all related objects, produced when a very large sun-grazing comet fragmented several hundred years previously...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1854 – 1927)
• Gerard Kuiper
  Gerard Kuiper
  Gerard Peter Kuiper , was born Gerrit Pieter Kuiper was a Dutch astronomer who became a naturalized citizen of the United States and lived most of his life in his new homeland.-Early life:Kuiper, the son of a tailor in the village of Tuitjenhorn in North Holland, had an early...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1905 – 1973)
• Yoshio Kushida
  Yoshio Kushida
  Yoshio Kushida is a Japanese astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids.He discovered comet 144P/Kushida and was co-discoverer of comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu.He is related to Reiki Kushida.-External links:...
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  , 1957 – )
• İbrahim Küçük (Turkey
  Turkey
  Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in Western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe...
  
  , 1960 – )

L

• Nicolas Louis de Lacaille
  Nicolas Louis de Lacaille
  Abbé Nicolas Louis de Lacaille was a French astronomer.He is noted for his catalogue of nearly 10,000 southern stars, including 42 nebulous objects. This catalogue, called Coelum Australe Stelliferum, was published posthumously in 1763. It introduced 14 new constellations which have since become...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1713 – 1762)
• Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist
  Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist
  Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist is a Swedish astronomer at the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory. He is known for his work on the shapes and spin properties of minor planets....
  
   (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  )
• Joseph-Louis Lagrange
  Joseph Louis Lagrange
  Joseph-Louis Lagrange, born Giuseppe Lodovico Lagrangia was an Italian-born mathematician and astronomer, who lived most of his life in Prussia and France, making significant contributions to all fields of analysis, to number theory, and to classical and celestial mechanics...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1736 – 1813)
• Jérôme Lalande
  Jérôme Lalande
  Joseph Jérôme Lefrançois de Lalande was a French astronomer and writer.-Biography:Lalande was born at Bourg-en-Bresse...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1732 – 1807)
• Johann Heinrich Lambert
  Johann Heinrich Lambert
  Johann Heinrich Lambert , was a Swiss mathematician, physicist and astronomer.-Biography:He was born in Mülhausen . His father was a poor tailor, so Johann had to struggle to gain an education. He first worked as a clerk in an ironworks, then gained a position in a newspaper office...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1728 – 1777)
• Samuel Pierpont Langley
  Samuel Pierpont Langley
  Samuel Pierpont Langley was an American astronomer, physicist, inventor of the bolometer and pioneer of aviation...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1834 – 1906)
• Pierre-Simon Laplace
  Pierre-Simon Laplace
  Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace was a French mathematician and astronomer whose work was pivotal to the development of mathematical astronomy and statistics. He summarized and extended the work of his predecessors in his five volume Mécanique Céleste...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1749 – 1827)
• William Lassell
  William Lassell
  William Lassell was an English astronomer.Born in Bolton, he made his fortune as a beer brewer, which enabled him to indulge his interest in astronomy. He built an observatory near Liverpool with a reflector telescope, for which he pioneered the use of an equatorial mount for easy tracking of...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1799 – 1880)
• A. Laurent
  A. Laurent
  A. Laurent was a Frenchman who discovered the asteroid 51 Nemausa in 1858.He never made any more asteroid discoveries and not much more seems to be known about him...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  )
• Henrietta Swan Leavitt
  Henrietta Swan Leavitt
  Henrietta Swan Leavitt was an American astronomer. A graduate of Radcliffe College, Leavitt went to work in 1893 at the Harvard College Observatory in a menial capacity as a "computer", assigned to count images on photographic plates...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1868 – 1921)
• Typhoon Lee
  Typhoon Lee
  Typhoon Lee is an astrophysicist and geochemist at Academia Sinica, Taiwan, Republic of China, where he specializes in isotope geochemistry and nuclear astrophysics .Lee received his Ph.D in astronomy at the University of Texas in 1977....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
   and Taiwan
  Taiwan
  Taiwan , also known as Formosa , is the largest island of the Republic of China in East Asia. Taiwan is located east of the Taiwan Strait, off the southeastern coast of mainland China...
  
  )
• Guillaume Le Gentil
  Guillaume Le Gentil
  Guillaume Joseph Hyacinthe Jean-Baptiste Le Gentil de la Galaisière was a French astronomer.-Biography:He was born in Coutances and first intended to enter the church before turning to astronomy...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1725 – 1792)
• Georges Lemaître
  Georges Lemaître
  Monsignor Georges Henri Joseph Édouard Lemaître was a Belgian Roman Catholic priest, honorary prelate, professor of physics and astronomer at the Catholic University of Leuven...
  
   (Belgium
  Belgium
  The Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
  
  , 1894 – 1966)
• Pierre Lemonnier (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1715 – 1799)
• Armin Leuschner (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1868 – 1953)
• Urbain Le Verrier
  Urbain Le Verrier
  Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier was a French mathematician who specialized in celestial mechanics and is best known for his part in the discovery of Neptune.- Early life and career :...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1811 – 1877)
• David Levy (Canada
  Canada
  Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
  
  )
• Li Fan (China
  China
  China is a cultural region, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
  
  , fl. 1st century AD)
• Bertil Lindblad
  Bertil Lindblad
  Bertil Lindblad was a Swedish astronomer.After finishing his secondary education at Örebro högre allmänna läroverk, Lindblad matriculated at Uppsala University in 1914...
  
   (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  , 1895 – 1965)
• Adolph Friedrich Lindemann
  Adolph Friedrich Lindemann
  Adolph Friedrich Lindemann was a German-born, British engineer, businessman, and amateur astronome.-Life:Lindemann was born in the Palatinate to a Roman Catholic family established in Alsace-Lorraine under the Comte de Lindemann, who had married into the Cyprien-Fabre shipping family...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  /UK, 1846 – 1927)
• Chris Lintott
  Chris Lintott
  Christopher John Lintott is an English astrophysicist. He is a post-doctoral researcher who is involved in a number of popular science projects aimed at bringing astronomical science to a wider audience...
  
   (United Kingdom
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1980 – )
• Joseph Johann Littrow
  Joseph Johann Littrow
  Joseph Johann von Littrow was an Austrian astronomer born of an aristocratic family. In 1837, he was ennobled with the title Joseph Johann Edler von Littrow. He was the father of Karl Ludwig Edler von Littrow and the mentor of the mathematician Nikolai Brashman...
  
   (Austria
  Austria
  Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west...
  
  , 1781 – 1840)
• Karl L. Littrow
  Karl L. Littrow
  Karl Ludwig von Littrow was an Austrian astronomer.Born in Kazan, Russian Empire, son of Joseph Johann Littrow. He succeeded his father as director of the Vienna Observatory...
  
   (Austria
  Austria
  Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west...
  
  , 1811 – 1877)
• Liu Xin
  Liu Xin
  Liu Xin , later changed name to Liu Xiu , courtesy name Zijun , was a Chinese astronomer, historian, and editor during the Xin Dynasty . He was the son of Confucian scholar Liu Xiang and an associate of other prominent thinkers such as the philosopher Huan Tan...
  
   (China
  China
  China is a cultural region, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
  
  , fl. 1st century AD)
• Joseph Lockyer (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1836 – 1920)
• Maurice Loewy
  Maurice Loewy
  Maurice Loewy was a French astronomer.Born in Mariánské Lázne, in what is now the Czech Republic, Loewy's Jewish parents moved to Vienna in 1841 to escape the antisemitism of their home town. Loewy became an assistant at the Vienna Observatory, working on celestial mechanics...
  
   (Austria
  Austria
  Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west...
  
  /France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1833 – 1907)
• Christian Sørensen Longomontanus
  Christian Sørensen Longomontanus
  Christen Sørensen Longomontanus , was a Danish astronomer.The name Longomontanus was a Latinized form of the name of the village of Lomborg, Jutland, Denmark, where he was born. His father, a laborer called Søren, or Severin, died when he was eight years old...
  
   (Denmark
  Denmark
  Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe and the senior member of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries; southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and it is bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea...
  
  , 1562 – 1647)
• Percival Lowell
  Percival Lowell
  Percival Lawrence Lowell was a businessman, author, mathematician, and astronomer who fueled speculation that there were canals on Mars, founded the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, and formed the beginning of the effort that led to the discovery of Pluto 14 years after his death...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1855 – 1916)
• Àngel López
  Ángel López
  Ángel Domingo López Ruano, simply Ángel , is a Spanish footballer currently playing for Villarreal CF.An offensive right back, he can also operate as a midfielder.-Club career:...
  
   (Spain
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...
  
  )
• Álvaro López-García
  Álvaro López-García
  Álvaro López-García is a Spanish astronomer who has discovered more than 100 asteroids from the early 1980s to present....
  
   (Spain
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...
  
  )
• John William Lubbock (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1803 – 1865)
• Knut Lundmark
  Knut Lundmark
  Knut Emil Lundmark was a Swedish astronomer, professor of astronomy and head of the observatory at Lund University 1929-1955....
  
   (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  , 1889 – 1958)
• Robert Luther (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1822 – 1900)
• Lupitus of Barcelona
  Lupitus of Barcelona
  Lupitus of Barcelona, identified with a Christian archdeacon called Sunifred, was an astronomer in late 10th century Barcelona, then part of the Marca Hispanica between Islamic Al-Andalus and Christian France .Lupitus was instrumental in the transfer of Arabic mathematics, including the...
  
   (Spain
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...
  
  )
• Jane Luu
  Jane Luu
  -Early life:Luu was born in 1963 in South Vietnam to a father who worked as a translator for the U.S. Army. Her father taught her French as a child, beginning her lifelong love of languages....
  
   (South Vietnam
  South Vietnam
  South Vietnam refers to a state which governed southern Vietnam until 1975. It received international recognition in 1950 as the State of Vietnam and later as the “Republic of Vietnam” . Its capital was Saigon...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
   1965 – )
• Willem Luyten (Dutch East Indies
  Dutch East Indies
  The Dutch East Indies, or Netherlands East Indies, was the Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II.It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the former Dutch East India Company that came under the administration of the Netherlands in 1800...
  
  , Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1899 – 1994)
• Donald Lynden-Bell
  Donald Lynden-Bell
  Donald Lynden-Bell CBE FRS is an English astrophysicist, best known for his theories that galaxies contain massive black holes at their centre, and that such black holes are the principal source of energy in quasars. He was a co-recipient, with Maarten Schmidt, of the inaugural Kavli Prize for...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1935 – )
• Bernard Lyot
  Bernard Lyot
  Bernard Ferdinand Lyot was a French astronomer.His interest in astronomy started in 1914. He soon acquired a telescope and soon upgraded to a . From graduation in 1918 until 1929, he worked as a demonstrator at the Ecole Polytechnique...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1897 – 1952)

M

• Ma Yize
  Ma Yize
  Ma Yize was an important Arab-Chinese Islamic astronomer and astrologist who worked as the chief official of the astronomical observatory for the Song dynasty....
  
   (China
  China
  China is a cultural region, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
  
  , 910 – 1005)
• Adriaan van Maanen
  Adriaan Van Maanen
  Adriaan van Maanen was a Dutch-American astronomer.Van Maanen, born into a well-to-do family in Friesland, studied astronomy at the University of Utrecht and worked briefly at the University of Groningen...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1884 – 1946)
• George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield
  George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield
  George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield, FRS was an English astronomer.Styled Viscount Parker from 1721 to 1732, he was Member of Parliament for Wallingford from 1722 to 1727, but his interests were not in politics...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , c. 1697 – 1764)
• Amy Mainzer
  Amy Mainzer
  Amy Mainzer is an American astronomer, specializing in astrophysical instrumentation and galactic astronomy. She is the Deputy Project Scientist for the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. She has appeared a number of times in the History Channel series The Universe.Mainzer holds the following...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• Geoff Marcy (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1954 – )
• Simon Marius
  Simon Marius
  Simon Marius was a German astronomer. He was born in Gunzenhausen near Nuremberg, but he spent most of his life in the city of Ansbach....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1573 – 1624)
• Brian Marsden (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1937 – )
• Albert Marth
  Albert Marth
  Albert Marth was a German astronomer who worked in England and Ireland.He came to England in 1853 to work for George Bishop, a rich wine merchant and patron of astronomy. At that time, paid jobs in astronomy were quite rare....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1828 – 1897)
• Nevil Maskelyne
  Nevil Maskelyne
  The Reverend Dr Nevil Maskelyne FRS was the fifth English Astronomer Royal. He held the office from 1765 to 1811.-Biography:...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1732 – 1811)
• Charles Mason
  Charles Mason
  Charles Mason was an English astronomer who made significant contributions to 18th-century science and American history, particularly through his involvement with the survey of the Mason-Dixon line, which came to mark the division between the northern and southern United States...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1730 – 1787)
• John C. Mather
  John C. Mather
  John Cromwell Mather is an American astrophysicist, cosmologist and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his work on COBE with George Smoot. COBE was the first experiment to measure ".....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1946 – )
• Janet Akyüz Mattei
  Janet Akyüz Mattei
  Janet Akyüz Mattei was a Turkish-American astronomer and director of the American Association of Variable Star Observers from 1973 to 2004....
  
   (Turkey
  Turkey
  Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in Western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe...
  
  /USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1943 – 2004)
• Edward Walter Maunder
  Edward Walter Maunder
  Edward Walter Maunder was an English astronomer best remembered for his study of sunspots and the solar magnetic cycle that led to his identification of the period from 1645 to 1715 that is now known as the Maunder Minimum....
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1851 – 1928)
• Pierre Louis Maupertuis
  Pierre Louis Maupertuis
  Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis was a French mathematician, philosopher and man of letters. He became the Director of the Académie des Sciences, and the first President of the Berlin Academy of Science, at the invitation of Frederick the Great.Maupertuis made an expedition to Lapland to...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1698 – 1759)
• Alain Maury
  Alain Maury
  Alain J. Maury is a French astronomer.He discovered the periodic comet 115P/Maury as well as the non-periodic C/1988 C1 .He has discovered a number of asteroids, including the Apollo asteroid 3838 Epona and the Amor asteroids 11284 Belenus and 5370 Taranis.He participated in the OCA DLR Asteroid...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  )
• Matthew Fontaine Maury
  Matthew Fontaine Maury
  Matthew Fontaine Maury , United States Navy was an American astronomer, historian, oceanographer, meteorologist, cartographer, author, geologist, and educator....
  
   USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
   (Jan.14,1806 – Feb.1, 1873)
• Brian May
  Brian May
  Brian Harold May, CBE, is an English musician and astrophysicist most widely known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Queen. As a guitarist he uses his home built guitar, "Red Special", and has composed hits such as "Tie Your Mother Down", "We Will Rock You", "Who Wants to Live Forever",...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1947 – ) astronomer and musician
• Cornell Mayer
  Cornell Mayer
  Cornell H. Mayer was a radio astronomer, who famously was the first to accurately measure the temperature of Venus by measuring the planet's thermal radiation.Born in Ossian, Iowa, Mayer graduated from the University of Iowa in 1943....
  
   (USA, 1922 – 2005)
• Tobias Mayer
  Tobias Mayer
  Tobias Mayer was a German astronomer famous for his studies of the Moon.He was born at Marbach, in Württemberg, and brought up at Esslingen in poor circumstances. A self-taught mathematician, he had already published two original geometrical works when, in 1746, he entered J.B. Homann's...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1723 – 1762)
• Christopher McKee
  Christopher McKee
  Christopher Fulton McKee is an astrophysicist.McKee obtained a Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1970 under advisor George Field. In 1974, he was appointed Professor of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Berkeley. He is a member of the National Academy of...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1942 – )
• Robert S. McMillan
  Robert S. McMillan
  Robert S. McMillan is an astronomer at the University of Arizona, and heads the Spacewatch project, which studies minor planets. He has made various discoveries, including notably 20000 Varuna....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• William H. McCrea (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1904 – 1999)
• Bruce A. McIntosh
  Bruce A. McIntosh
  Bruce A. McIntosh worked at the Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.His main area of research is meteors and asteroids. He was awarded The Czech Academy of Science gold medal for joint research on meteors with the Czechs...
  
   (Canada
  Canada
  Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
  
  , 1929 – )
• Robert H. McNaught
  Robert H. McNaught
  Robert H. McNaught is a Scottish-Australian astronomer at the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics of the Australian National University. He has collaborated with David J. Asher of the Armagh Observatory....
  
   (Australia
  Australia
  Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the continental mainland , the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans...
  
  )
• Pierre Méchain
  Pierre Méchain
  Pierre François André Méchain was a French astronomer and surveyor who, with Charles Messier, was a major contributor to the early study of deep sky objects and comets.-Life:...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1744 – 1804)
• Thebe Medupe
  Thebe Medupe
  Thebe Rodney Medupe is a South African astrophysicist and founding director of Astronomy Africa. He is perhaps best known for his work on the Cosmic Africa project that attempts to reconcile science and myth.-Biography:...
  
   (South Africa
  South Africa
  The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. To the north lie Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe, to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland, while Lesotho is an independent country surrounded by South Africa.Modern...
  
  )
• Karen Jean Meech
  Karen Jean Meech
  Karen J. Meech is an astronomer at the Institute for Astronomy in the University of Hawaii. Meech specializes in planetary astronomy, in particular the study of distant comets and their relation to the early solar system...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• Aden Baker Meinel
  Aden Meinel
  Aden B. Meinel is an American astronomer. He retired in 1993 as a Distinguished Scientist at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. He is also holds the rank of Professor Emeritus at the University of Arizona Optical Sciences Center...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1922 – )
• Fulvio Melia
  Fulvio Melia
  Fulvio Melia is an Italian-American astrophysicist and author. He is Professor of Physics and Astronomy at theUniversity of Arizona and Associate Editor of the Astrophysical Journal Letters...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1956 – )
• Philibert Jacques Melotte
  Philibert Jacques Melotte
  Philibert Jacques Melotte was a British astronomer whose parents immigrated from Belgium.In 1908 he discovered a moon of Jupiter, today known as Pasiphaë. It was simply designated "Jupiter VIII" and was not given its present name until 1975.The asteroid 676 Melitta, the only one he discovered, is...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1880 – 1961)
• Paul Willard Merrill (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1887 – 1961)
• David Merritt
  David Merritt
  David Merritt is an American astrophysicist and professor at the Rochester Institute of Technology in Rochester, New York. He received his PhD in Astrophysical Sciences from Princeton University and held postdoctoral positions at the University of California, Berkeley and the Canadian Institute...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• Charles Messier
  Charles Messier
  Charles Messier was a French astronomer most notable for publishing an astronomical catalogue consisting of deep sky objects such as nebulae and star clusters that came to be known as the 103 "Messier objects"...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1730 – 1817)
• Joel Hastings Metcalf
  Joel Hastings Metcalf
  Joel Hastings Metcalf was an American astronomer.Metcalf graduated from Harvard Divinity School in 1892. He served as a Unitarian minister in Burlington, Vermont and then later in Taunton, Massachusetts, Winchester, Massachusetts and Portland, Maine.He discovered or co-discovered several comets,...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1866 – 1925)
• Andreas Gerasimos Michalitsianos
  Andreas Gerasimos Michalitsianos
  Dr. Andreas 'Andy' Gerasimos Michalitsianos was a Greek-American astronomer and a NASA astrophysicist....
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1947 – 1997)
• John Michell
  John Michell
  John Michell was an English natural philosopher and geologist whose work spanned a wide range of subjects from astronomy to geology, optics, and gravitation. He was both a theorist and an experimenter....
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1724 – 1793)
• Elia Millosevich
  Elia Millosevich
  Elia Filippo Francesco Giuseppe Maria Millosevich , was an Italian astronomer.He specialized in calculating the orbits of comets and asteroids, in particular 433 Eros....
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1848 – 1919)
• Edward Arthur Milne (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1896 – 1950)
• Rudolph Minkowski
  Rudolph Minkowski
  Rudolph Minkowski was a German-American astronomer. His father was the physiologist Oskar Minkowski. His uncle was Hermann Minkowski....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1895 – 1976)
• Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert
  Marcel Minnaert
  Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert was a Belgian astronomer.He obtained a PhD in biology at Ghent University in 1914....
  
   (Belgium
  Belgium
  The Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
  
  , Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1893 – 1970)
• Maria Mitchell
  Maria Mitchell
  Maria Mitchell was an American astronomer.-Early years:Maria Salmon Mitchell was born on August 1, 1818, in Nantucket, Massachusetts, and was a first cousin four times removed of Benjamin Franklin. She had nine brothers and sisters. Her parents, William Mitchell and Lydia Coleman Mitchell, were...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1818 – 1889)
• August Ferdinand Möbius
  August Ferdinand Möbius
  August Ferdinand Möbius was a German mathematician and theoretical astronomer.He is best known for his discovery of the Möbius strip, a non-orientable two-dimensional surface with only one side when embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space. It was independently discovered by Johann Benedict...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1790 – 1868)
• Johan Maurits Mohr
  Johan Maurits Mohr
  Johan Maurits Mohr was a Dutch-German pastor who studied at Groningen University from 1733 and settled in Batavia in 1737...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1716 – 1775)
• Samuel Molyneux
  Samuel Molyneux
  Samuel Molyneux FRS , son of William Molyneux, was an 18th-century member of the British parliament from Kew and an amateur astronomer whose work with James Bradley attempting to measure stellar parallax led to the discovery of the aberration of light...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1689 – 1728 astronomer and politician)
• Geminiano Montanari
  Geminiano Montanari
  thumb|150px|Geminiano Montanari.Geminiano Montanari was an Italian astronomer, lens-maker, and proponent of the experimental approach to science....
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1633 – 1687)
• Patrick Moore
  Patrick Moore
  Sir Alfred Patrick Caldwell-Moore, CBE, HonFRS, FRAS known as Patrick Moore, is an English amateur astronomer who has attained prominent status in astronomy as a writer, researcher, radio commentator and television presenter of the subject, and who is credited as having done more than any other to...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1923 – )
• William Wilson Morgan
  William Wilson Morgan
  William Wilson Morgan was an American astronomer.The principal theme in Morgan's work was the study of stellar and galaxy classification. Along...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1906 – 1994)
• Amédée Mouchez
  Amédée Mouchez
  Amédée Ernest Barthélemy Mouchez was a French naval officer who became director of the Paris Observatory and launched the ill-fated Carte du Ciel project in 1887.-Life:...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1821 – 1892)
• Antonín Mrkos
  Antonín Mrkos
  Antonín Mrkos was a Czech astronomer, born in Střemchoví, Czechslovakia.- Biography :Mrkos entered the University in Brno in 1938. His studies were interrupted by the onset of World War II, and in 1945 he became a staff member at the Skalnaté Pleso Observatory in Slovakia...
  
   (Czech Republic
  Czech Republic
  The Czech Republic is a country in Central Europe that is sometimes considered to be Eastern European. The country borders Poland to the northeast, Germany to the west and northwest, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east. The capital and largest city is Prague...
  
  , 1918 – 1996)
• Jean Mueller
  Jean Mueller
  Jean Mueller is an American astronomer.Working at Palomar Observatory, she has discovered a total of 15 comets, including 7 periodic comets 120P/Mueller, 131P/Mueller, 136P/Mueller, 149P/Mueller, 173P/Mueller, 188P/LINEAR-Mueller, 190P/Mueller, and 8 non-periodic comets.She has also discovered 10...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1950 – )
• Johannes Müller
  Johannes Müller
  Johannes Müller, Johann Müller or Hans Müller may refer to:* Johannes Müller von Königsberg , aka Regiomontanus, German mathematician, astronomer...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1436 – 1476)
• Zekeriya Müyesseroğlu (Turkey
  Turkey
  Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in Western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe...
  
  , 1959 – 2006)
• bin Musa, Ahmad, (Persia, 805 - 873)
• bin Musa, Hasan, (Persia, 810 - 873)
• bin Musa, Muhammad, (Persia, (800 - 873)
• Nils Mustelin
  Nils Mustelin
  Nils Mustelin was a Finnish professor of physics, noted astronomer, and popular sceptic.Mustelin was born in Turku, where he also spent his school years and studies. He matriculated in 1949 and studied physics at Åbo Akademi, graduating as a Ph.D. in 1963...
  
   (Finland
  Finland
  Finland , officially the Republic of Finland
  , is a Nordic country and democracy situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. It borders Sweden on the west, Russia on the east, and Norway on the north, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland...
  
  , 1931 – 2004)

N

• Naburimannu
  Naburimannu
  Nabu-ri-man-nu was a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician.Classical and ancient cuneiform sources mention an astronomer with this name:...
  
   (Babylonia
  Babylonia
  Babylonia was a civilization in Lower Mesopotamia , with Babylon as its capital. Babylonia emerged when Hammurabi created an empire out of the territories of the former kingdoms of Sumer and Akkad...
  
  , sometime between 6th century BC and 2nd century BC)
• Ahmad Nahavandi
  Ahmad Nahavandi
  Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Nahavandi was a Persian astronomer of the 7th and 8th centuries. His name indicates that he was from Nahavand, a city in Iran....
  
   (Persia, 7th-8th century)
• Syuichi Nakano
  Syuichi Nakano
  Syuichi Nakano is a Japanese astronomer. He specializes in the study of comets, in particular calculating their orbits and making predictions about when periodic comets will return for another perihelion approach...
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  )
• Jayant Narlikar
  Jayant Narlikar
  Jayant Vishnu Narlikar is an Indian astrophysicist.Narlikar is a proponent of the steady state cosmology. He developed with Sir Fred Hoyle the conformal gravity theory, commonly known as Hoyle-Narlikar Theory. It synthesizes Albert Einstein’s Theory of Relativity and Mach's Principle...
  
   (India
  India
  India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal...
  
  , 1938 – )
• Naubakht
  Naubakht
  Nobakht Ahvazi and his sons were astrologers from Ahvaz ....
  
   (Persia, d. 776)
• Al-fadl ibn Naubakht
  Al-fadl ibn Naubakht
  Al-fadl ibn Naubakht, , was an 8th century Persian scholar at the court of the Caliph Harun al-Rashid.He was son of the famous Naubakht, a former Zoroastrian, who had designed Baghdad....
  
   (Persia, 8th century)
• Otto Neugebauer (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1899 – 1990)
• Grigoriy Nikolaevich Neujmin (Russia
  Russia
  Russia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
  
  , 1886 – 1946)
• Simon Newcomb
  Simon Newcomb
  Simon Newcomb was a Canadian-American astronomer and mathematician. Though he had little conventional schooling, he made important contributions to timekeeping as well as writing on economics and statistics and authoring a science fiction novel.-Early life:Simon Newcomb was born in the town of...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1835 – 1909)
• Isaac Newton
  Isaac Newton
  Sir Isaac Newton FRS was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian who is perceived and considered by a substantial number of scholars and the general public as one of the most influential men in history...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1643 – 1727)
• Seth Barnes Nicholson
  Seth Barnes Nicholson
  Seth Barnes Nicholson was an American astronomer.Nicholson was born in Springfield, Illinois and was raised in rural Illinois...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1891 – 1963)
• Albertus Antonie Nijland
  Albertus Antonie Nijland
  Albertus Antonie Nijland was a Dutch astronomer.He was professor of astronomy at the Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht, and served as director of the Sterrewacht Sonnenborgh of the university.In 1901 he participated in a Dutch solar eclipse expedition to Karang Sago, Sumatra.He was noted for...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1868 – 1936)
• Peter Nilson
  Peter Nilson
  Peter Nilson was a Swedish astronomer and novelist. Active at Uppsala University, he compiled a catalogue of galaxies...
  
   (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  , 1937 – 1998)
• Houei Nojiri
  Houei Nojiri
  was a Japanese essayist and astronomer.In 1930 he coined the Japanese word for the newly-discovered planet Pluto....
  
   (Japan
  Japan
  is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  , 1885 – 1977) astronomer and essayist
• Jaime Nomen
  Jaime Nomen
  Jaume Nomen Torres is a Catalan astronomer born on July 23, 1960, in Tortosa, Catalonia.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids, professor in the University of Barcelona and an active member of GEA....
  
   (Spain
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...
  
  )

O

• Knut Jørgen Røed Ødegaard
  Knut Jørgen Røed Ødegaard
  Knut Jørgen Røed Ødegaard is a Norwegian astronomer formerly employed as a media contact at the University of Oslo's Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics...
  
   (Norway
  Norway
  Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a country in Northern Europe occupying the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, as well as Jan Mayen and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard under the Spitsbergen Treaty...
  
  ,1966 – )
• Tarmo Oja
  Tarmo Oja
  Tarmo Oja is a professor in astronomy at Uppsala University who studies galactic structure and variable stars. An asteroid, 5080 Oja, is named after him. He worked at the observatory at Kvistaberg until his retirement in 1999...
  
   (Sweden
  Sweden
  Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe...
  
  )
• Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers
  Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers
  Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers was a German physician and astronomer.-Life and career:Olbers was born in Arbergen, near Bremen, and studied to be a physician at Göttingen. After his graduation in 1780, he began practicing medicine in Bremen, Germany...
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1758 – 1840)
• Gerard O'Neill
  Gerard O'Neill
  Gerard Kitchen O'Neill was an American physicist and space activist. As a faculty member of Princeton University, he invented a device called the particle storage ring for high-energy physics experiments. Later, he invented a magnetic launcher called the mass driver...
  
   (USA,1927 – 1992)
• Jan Hendrik Oort (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1900 – 1992)
• Pieter Oosterhoff
  Pieter Oosterhoff
  Pieter Theodorus Oosterhoff was a Dutch astronomer.He was the co-administrator, along with Jan Oort, of the Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands....
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1904 – 1978)
• Friedrich Wilhelm Opelt (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1794 – 1863)
• Ernst Öpik
  Ernst Öpik
  Ernst Julius Öpik was a notable Estonian astronomer and astrophysicist, who spent the last part of his career at the Armagh Observatory in Northern Ireland.-Education:...
  
   (Estonia
  Estonia
  Estonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by the Russian Federation...
  
  , Ireland
  Ireland
  Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland, separated by the Irish Sea, is the island of Great Britain...
  
  , 1893 – 1985)
• José Luis Ortiz Moreno
  José Luis Ortiz Moreno
  José Luis Ortiz Moreno is an astronomer, and former Vicedirector of Technology at the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía , Spain. He leads a team working on minor solar system objects at the Sierra Nevada Observatory in Granada, Spain....
  
   (Spain
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...
  
  )
• Donald Edward Osterbrock
  Donald Edward Osterbrock
  Donald Edward Osterbrock was an American astronomer, best known for his work on star formation and on the history of astronomy.Osterbrock was born in Cincinnati. His father was an electrical engineer...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1924 – 2007)
• Liisi Oterma
  Liisi Oterma
  Liisi Oterma was a Finnish astronomer, the first woman to get a Ph.D. degree in astronomy in Finland.She discovered or co-discovered some comets, including periodic comets 38P/Stephan-Oterma and 39P/Oterma, and some other asteroids.The asteroid 1529 Oterma was named in her honour.- Further...
  
   (Finland
  Finland
  Finland , officially the Republic of Finland
  , is a Nordic country and democracy situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. It borders Sweden on the west, Russia on the east, and Norway on the north, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland...
  
  , 1915 – 2001)
• Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1827 – 1906)

P

• Rafael Pacheco
  Rafael Pacheco
  Rafael Pacheco is a Spanish astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids....
  
   (Spain
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...
  
  )
• Bohdan Paczynski
  Bohdan Paczynski
  Bohdan Paczyński or Bohdan Paczynski was a Polish astronomer, a leading scientist in theory of the evolution of stars, accretion discs and gamma ray bursts....
  
  , (Poland
  Poland
  Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe . Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
  
  , 1940 – 2007)
• Ľudmila Pajdušáková
  Ludmila Pajdušáková
  Ľudmila Pajdušáková was a Slovak astronomer.She specialized in solar astronomy, and also discovered a number of comets, including periodic comet 45P/Honda-Mrkos-Pajdusáková, and the non-periodic C/1946 K1 , C/1948 E1 , C/1951 C1 and C/1953 X1 .She observed at Skalnaté...
  
   (Slovakia
  Slovakia
  The Slovak Republic is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe with a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia borders the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. The largest city is its capital, Bratislava...
  
  , 1916 – 1979)
• Johann Palisa
  Johann Palisa
  Johann Palisa was an Austrian astronomer, born in Troppau in Austrian Silesia .He was a prolific discoverer of asteroids, discovering 122 in all, from 136 Austria in 1874 to 1073 Gellivara in 1923...
  
  , (Austria
  Austria
  Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west...
  
  , 1848 – 1925)
• Johann Palitzsch, (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1723 – 1788)
• Anton Pannekoek (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1873 – 1960)
• Eugene Parker
  Eugene Parker
  Eugene N. Parker is an American solar astrophysicist who received his B.S. degree in physics from Michigan State University in 1948 and Ph.D., from Caltech in 1951. He is most famous for developing, in the mid 1950s, the theory of the supersonic solar wind, and for predicting the Parker spiral...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1927 – )
• George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield
  George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield
  George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield, FRS was an English astronomer.Styled Viscount Parker from 1721 to 1732, he was Member of Parliament for Wallingford from 1722 to 1727, but his interests were not in politics...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , c. 1697 – 1764)
• William Parsons, Lord Rosse
  William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse
  William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse KP built several telescopes including the world's largest telescope in 1845 and it remained the world's largest for the rest of the century. Using this telescope he saw and cataloged a large number of galaxies...
  
   (Ireland
  Ireland
  Ireland is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland, separated by the Irish Sea, is the island of Great Britain...
  
  , 1800 – 1867)
• André Patry
  André Patry
  André Patry was a French astronomer.Patry was orphaned at a young age, and began working at the Observatoire de Nice aged 17. He studied asteroids and discovered several himself. The Asteroid 1601 Patry is named after him.-Obituary:*...
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1902 – 1960)
• Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin
  Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin
  Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin was an English-American astronomer who in 1925 was first to show that the Sun is mainly composed of hydrogen, contradicting accepted wisdom at the time.-Early life:...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1900 – 1979)
• James Peebles (Canada
  Canada
  Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1935 – )
• Leslie Copus Peltier
  Leslie Peltier
  Leslie Copus Peltier was an American astronomer.He was born in Delphos, Ohio. An amateur astronomer, he was a prolific discoverer of comets and also a persistent observer of variable stars and member of the AAVSO...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1900 – 1980)
• Roger Penrose
  Roger Penrose
  Sir Roger Penrose, OM, FRS is an English mathematical physicist and Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford and Emeritus Fellow of Wadham College...
  
   (UK
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
  
  , 1931 – )
• Arno Penzias (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , 1933 – )
• Saul Perlmutter
  Saul Perlmutter
  Saul Perlmutter is an astrophysicist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. , and was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2003...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• Charles Dillon Perrine
  Charles Dillon Perrine
  Charles Dillon Perrine was an Argentine astronomer.Born in Ohio, he worked at Lick Observatory from 1893 to 1909 and then was director of the Argentine National Observatory in Argentina from 1909 until 1936.In 1901, he and George Ritchey observed the apparent superluminal motion in the nebulosity...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , Argentina
  Argentina
  Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations, though Mexico,...
  
  , 1867 – 1951)
• Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin
  Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin
  Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin was a French astronomer. Some sources give his middle name as Athanase....
  
   (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1845 – 1904)
• Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters
  Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters
  Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters was a German-American astronomer, and one of the first to discover asteroids....
  
   (Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
  
  , USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1813 – 1890)
• George Henry Peters
  George Henry Peters
  George Henry Peters was an American astronomer. He died in Washington, D.C.He worked at the U.S. Naval Observatory as an astrophotographer, discovering three asteroids and photographing the Sun's corona.-External links:*...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1863 – 1947)
• Esprit Pezenas (France
  France
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , 1692 – 1776)
• Mark M. Phillips
  Mark M. Phillips
  Mark M. Phillips is internationally recognized astronomer in the observational studies of all classes of supernovae. He is well known for his work on SN1986G, SN1987A, the Calán/Tololo Supernova Survey, the High-Z Supernova Search Team, and especially for the Phillips relationship...
  
  , {USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1951)
• Giuseppe Piazzi
  Giuseppe Piazzi
  Giuseppe Piazzi was an Italian Theatine monk, mathematician, and astronomer. He was born in Ponte in Valtellina, and died in Naples. He established an observatory at Palermo, now the Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo – Giuseppe S...
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1746 – 1826)
• Edward Charles Pickering
  Edward Charles Pickering
  Edward Charles Pickering was an American astronomer and physicist, brother of William Henry Pickering.Along with Carl Vogel, Pickering discovered the first spectroscopic binary stars. He wrote Elements of Physical Manipulations .Pickering attended Boston Latin School, and received his B.S. from...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1846 – 1919)
• William Henry Pickering
  William Henry Pickering
  William Henry Pickering was an American astronomer, brother of Edward Charles Pickering.-Work:...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1858 – 1938)
• Maynard Pittendreigh
  Maynard Pittendreigh
  The Rev. Dr. W. Maynard Pittendreigh is an astronomer, writer and an ordained minister in the Presbyterian Church . As a minister, he has been a pioneer and leader in a movement toward multi-cultural/racial congregations, and in developing early Internet-based ministries.William Maynard...
  
   (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  , 1954 – )
• Phil Plait (USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
  )
• Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana
  Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana
  Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana was an Italian astronomer and mathematician.He was born in Voghera, Italy to Antonio Maria Plana and Giacoboni. At the age of 15 he was sent to live with his uncles in Grenoble to complete his education. In 1800 he entered the École Polytechnique, and was one of the...
  
   (Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
  
  , 1781 – 1864)
• Petrus Plancius
  Petrus Plancius
  Petrus Plancius , was a Dutch astronomer, cartographer and clergyman. He was born as Pieter Platevoet in Dranouter, now in Heuvelland, West Flanders. He studied theology in Germany and England...
  
   (Netherlands
  Netherlands
  The Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
  
  , 1552 – 1622)
• John Stanley Plaskett
  John Stanley Plaskett
  John Stanley Plaskett was a Canadian astronomer.He worked as a machinist, and was offered a job as a mechanician at the Department of Physics at the University of Toronto, constructing apparatuses and assisting with demonstrations during lectures...