List of astronomers
Encyclopedia
The following are list of astronomer
s, astrophysicists and other notable people who have made contributions to the field of astronomy
. They may have won major prizes or awards, developed or invented widely used techniques or technologies within astronomy, or are directors of major observatories or heads of space-based telescope projects.
Astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist who studies celestial bodies such as planets, stars and galaxies.Historically, astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky, while astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena and the differences between them using...
s, astrophysicists and other notable people who have made contributions to the field of astronomy
Astronomy
Astronomy is a natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth...
. They may have won major prizes or awards, developed or invented widely used techniques or technologies within astronomy, or are directors of major observatories or heads of space-based telescope projects.
A
- Marc AaronsonMarc AaronsonMarc Aaronson was an American astronomer.-Education:Aaronson was educated at the California Institute of Technology, where he received a BSc in 1972. He completed his Ph.D. in 1977 at Harvard University with a dissertation on the near-infrared aperture photometry of galaxies...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1950 – 1987) - Paul G. AbelPaul G. AbelPaul G. Abel is a British astronomer, mathematician, broadcaster and writer. Currently, he is based in the Centre for Interdisciplinary Science in the department of Physics & Astronomy at the University of Leicester where he teaches Mathematics and his research is concerned with black hole...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1979 – ) - George O. Abell (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1927 – 1983) - Hiroshi AbeHiroshi Abe (astronomer)is a Japanese amateur astronomer affiliated with the Yatsuka Observatory. He is noted for numerous discoveries, including his 2007 discovery of the Nova Vulpeculae. The minor planet Abehiroshi is named in his honor.-See also:*List of asteroids...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1958 – ) - Antonio AbettiAntonio AbettiAntonio Abetti was an Italian astronomer.Born in San Pietro di Gorizia , he earned a degree in mathematics and engineering at the University of Padua. Later he became director of the Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri and a professor at the University of Florence...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1846 – 1928) - Giorgio AbettiGiorgio AbettiGiorgio Abetti was an Italian solar astronomer.He was born in Padua, the son of noted astronomer Antonio Abetti. He was educated at the Universities of Padua and of Rome....
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1882 – 1982) - Charles Greeley AbbotCharles Greeley AbbotCharles Greeley Abbot was an American astrophysicist, astronomer and Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. He was born in Wilton, New Hampshire.-Life:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1872 – 1973) - Charles Hitchcock AdamsCharles Hitchcock AdamsCharles Hitchcock Adams was an amateur American astronomer, and father of photographer Ansel Adams....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1868 – 1951) - John Couch AdamsJohn Couch AdamsJohn Couch Adams was a British mathematician and astronomer. Adams was born in Laneast, near Launceston, Cornwall, and died in Cambridge. The Cornish name Couch is pronounced "cooch"....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1819 – 1892) - Walter Sydney AdamsWalter Sydney AdamsWalter Sydney Adams was an American astronomer.-Life and work:He was born in Antioch, Syria to missionary parents, and was brought to the U.S. in 1885 He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1898, then continued his education in Germany...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1876 – 1956) - Saul AdelmanSaul AdelmanSaul Joseph Adelman is an astronomer at The Citadel's Physics Department in Charleston, South Carolina. Adelman received his bachelor's degree in physics from the University of Maryland in 1966 and his PhD in astronomy from the California Institute of Technology in 1972. He specializes in stellar...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1944 – ) - Petrus AlphonsiPetrus AlphonsiPetrus Alphonsi was a Jewish Spanish writer and astronomer, and polemicist, who converted to Christianity....
(Spain, 1062 – 1110) - AgrippaAgrippa (astronomer)Agrippa was a Greek astronomer. The only thing that is known about him regards an astronomical observation that he made in 92 AD, which is cited by Ptolemy...
(GreeceGreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
, unknown ca. 92) - Paul Oswald AhnertPaul Oswald AhnertPaul Oswald Ahnert was a German astronomer. He first became famous in Germany for publishing the "Kalender für Sternenfreunde" from 1948 until 1988, an annual calendar of astronomical events....
(Germany, 1897 – 1989) - Eva Ahnert-RohlfsEva Ahnert-RohlfsEva Ahnert-Rohlfs was a German astronomer. She made important observations of variable stars.Eva Rohlfs was born in Coburg . She studied in Würzburg, Munich and Kiel from 1931 to 1933. After nine years of withdrawal into family life, she studied from 1942 until the end of the Second World War at...
(Germany, 1912 – 1954) - George Biddell AiryGeorge Biddell AirySir George Biddell Airy PRS KCB was an English mathematician and astronomer, Astronomer Royal from 1835 to 1881...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1801 – 1892) - Robert AitkenRobert Grant AitkenRobert Grant Aitken was an American astronomer.He worked at Lick Observatory in California. He systematically studied double stars, measuring their positions and calculating their orbits around one another...
, (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1864 – 1951) - Makio AkiyamaMakio Akiyamais a Japanese astronomer affiliated with the Susono Observatory. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids, and the asteroid 4904 Makio is named after him.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1950 – ) - Al Battani (IraqIraqIraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
, 850 – 929) - Albategnius (see Al-Batani)
- Vladimir Aleksandrovich AlbitzkyVladimir Aleksandrovich AlbitzkyVladimir Aleksandrovich Albitzky was a Soviet/Russian astronomer. In modern English transliteration, his surname would be given as Al'bitskii or Al'bitsky. In the literature, he is sometimes referred to as W. A. Albizkij, however his surname usually appears in the literature as "Albitzky". His...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1891 – 1952) - AlbumasarJa'far ibn Muhammad Abu Ma'shar al-BalkhiAbū Maʿshar, Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad al-Balkhī , was a Persian astrologer, astronomer, and Islamic philosopher, thought to be the greatest astrologer of the Abbasid court in Baghdad...
(Persia 787 – 886) - George AlcockGeorge AlcockGeorge Eric Deacon Alcock was an English astronomer. He was one of the most successful visual discoverers of novae and comets....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1913 – 2000) - Harold AldenHarold AldenHarold Lee Alden was an American astronomer. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.He received a BA from Wheaton College in 1912, and went on to receive his Master's degree from the University of Chicago in 1913. He served as an assistant in photographic photometry program of the Yerkes Observatory...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1890 – 1964) - Hannes AlfvénHannes AlfvénHannes Olof Gösta Alfvén was a Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist and winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on magnetohydrodynamics . He described the class of MHD waves now known as Alfvén waves...
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1908 – 1995) - Lawrence H. AllerLawrence H. AllerLawrence Hugh Aller was an American astronomer. He was born in Tacoma, Washington. He never finished high school and worked for a time as a gold miner. He received his bachelor's degree from the University of California, Berkeley in 1936 and went to graduate school at Harvard in 1937. There he...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1913 – 2003) - Abd Al-Rahman Al SufiAbd Al-Rahman Al SufiAbd al-Rahman al-Sufi was a Persian astronomer also known as Abd ar-Rahman as-Sufi, or Abd al-Rahman Abu al-Husayn, Abdul Rahman Sufi, Abdurrahman Sufi and known in the west as Azophi; the lunar crater Azophi and the minor planet 12621 Alsufi are named after him...
(Persia, 903 – 986) - Viktor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian, (ArmeniaArmeniaArmenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
, 1912 – 1996) - John August AndersonJohn August AndersonJohn August Anderson was an American astronomer. He was born in Rollag, a small community in Clay County, Minnesota to the south of Hawley....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1876 – 1959) - Marie Henri AndoyerMarie Henri AndoyerMarie Henri Andoyer was a French astronomer and mathematician.-Biography:Andoyer was elected member of the French Académie des sciences on June 30, 1919 in the astronomy section....
(France, 1862 – 1929) - Andronicus of CyrrhusAndronicus of CyrrhusAndronicus of Cyrrhus or Andronicus Cyrrhestes,son of Hermias, was a Greek astronomer who flourished about 100 BC....
(GreeceGreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
, unknown ca. 100 BC) - Anders Jonas ÅngströmAnders Jonas ÅngströmAnders Jonas Ångström was a Swedish physicist and one of the founders of the science of spectroscopy.-Biography:...
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1814 – 1874) - Eugène Michel AntoniadiEugène Michel AntoniadiEugène Michel Antoniadi was a Greek astronomer, born in Asia Minor, who spent most of his life in France. He was also known as Eugenios Antoniadis...
(GreeceGreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
, France, 1870 – 1944) - Masakatsu AokiMasakatsu Aokiis a Japanese amateur astronomer whose main interest lies in supernovae. He operates from the Aoki Astronomical Observatory, IAU code 908. In the course of his search, he has discovered a couple of asteroids in addition to 12 supernovae. -External links:*...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1957 – ) - Petrus ApianusPetrus ApianusPetrus Apianus , also known as Peter Apian, was a German humanist, known for his works in mathematics, astronomy and cartography.The lunar crater Apianus and minor planet 19139 Apian are named in his honour....
(Germany, 1495 – 1557) - François AragoFrançois AragoFrançois Jean Dominique Arago , known simply as François Arago , was a French mathematician, physicist, astronomer and politician.-Early life and work:...
(France, 1786 – 1853) - Masaru AraiMasaru Araiis a Japanese astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids, working mainly in collaboration with Hiroshi Mori.Arai discovered Comet Arai on 5 January 1991.-External links:*...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1952 – ) - Hiroshi ArakiHiroshi Arakiis a Japanese astronomer. He works at National Astronomical Observatory of Japan's Mizusawa VLBI observatory in Ōshū, and was the Science Team sub-Leader of the MUSES-C mission. He has discovered two asteroids. With colleagues at the observatory, he has created a detailed topographic map of the...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Sylvain ArendSylvain Julien Victor ArendSylvain Julien Victor Arend was a Belgian astronomer born in Robelmont, Luxembourg . His main interest was astrometry.Together with Georges Roland, he discovered the bright comet C/1956 R1...
(BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, 1902 – 1992) - Friedrich Wilhelm ArgelanderFriedrich Wilhelm ArgelanderFriedrich Wilhelm August Argelander was a German astronomer. He is known for his determinations of stellar brightnesses, positions, and distances.- Life and work :...
(Germany, 1799 – 1875) - Aristarchus of SamosAristarchus of SamosAristarchus, or more correctly Aristarchos , was a Greek astronomer and mathematician, born on the island of Samos, in Greece. He presented the first known heliocentric model of the solar system, placing the Sun, not the Earth, at the center of the known universe...
(GreeceGreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
, circa 310 BC – circa 230 BC) - Christoph ArnoldChristoph ArnoldChristoph Arnold was a German amateur astronomer.Born in Sommerfeld near Leipzig, Arnold was a farmer by profession. Interested in astronomy, he spotted the great comet of 1683, eight days before Hevelius did. He also observed the great comet of 1686. In 1686, Kirch went to Leipzig...
(Germany, 1650 – 1695) - Halton Christian ArpHalton ArpHalton Christian Arp is an American astronomer. He is known for his 1966 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies, which catalogues many examples of interacting and merging galaxies...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1927 – ) - Svante ArrheniusSvante ArrheniusSvante August Arrhenius was a Swedish scientist, originally a physicist, but often referred to as a chemist, and one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry...
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1859 – 1927) - ArzachelArzachel', Al-Zarqali, Ibn Zarqala , Latinized as Arzachel, was an instrument maker and one of the leading theoretical and practical astronomers of his time. Although his name is conventionally given as al-Zarqālī, it is probable that the correct form was al-Zarqālluh. He lived in Toledo in Castile,...
(Spain, 1028 – 1087) - Asada Goryu (JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1734 – 1799) - Atsuo AsamiAtsuo Asamiis a Japanese astronomer. He operates a small private observatory, Hadano Astronomical Observatory, located about 60 km southwest of Tokyo. It is mainly used for astrometric observations of comets and minor planets. Asami is also a member of the Japan Spaceguard Association .-External links:*...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Giuseppe AsclepiGiuseppe AsclepiGiuseppe Maria Asclepi was an Italian astronomer and physician. He was a Jesuit and director of the observatory at the Collegio Romano.His works include:...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1706 – 1776) - Joseph AshbrookJoseph AshbrookJoseph Ashbrook was an American astronomer.-Life:Ashbrook was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He received a doctorate from Harvard University in 1947 and taught at Yale University from 1946 to 1950, and at Harvard from 1950 to 1953...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1918 – 1980) - Arthur AuwersArthur AuwersGeorg Friedrich Julius Arthur von Auwers was a German astronomer.Auwers was born in Göttingen, attended the University of Göttingen and worked at the University of Königsberg. He specialized in astrometry, making very precise measurements of stellar positions and motions...
(Germany, 1838 – 1915) - Adrien AuzoutAdrien AuzoutAdrien Auzout was a French astronomer.He was born in Rouen, France, the son of a clerk in the court of Rouen. His educational background is unknown. In 1664–1665 he made observations of comets, and argued in favor of their following elliptical or parabolic orbits...
(France, 1622 – 1691) - David AxonDavid AxonDavid John Axon is a British astrophysicist, professor at the Rochester Institute of Technology in Rochester, New York, and is currently Head of the School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences at the University of Sussex. He received his BSc and PhD degrees from the University of Durham...
(England, 1951 – ) - AryabhataAryabhataAryabhata was the first in the line of great mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy...
(IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
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- Walter BaadeWalter BaadeWilhelm Heinrich Walter Baade was a German astronomer who worked in the USA from 1931 to 1959.-Biography:He took advantage of wartime blackout conditions during World War II, which reduced light pollution at Mount Wilson Observatory, to resolve stars in the center of the Andromeda galaxy for the...
(Germany, 1893 – 1960) - Harold D. BabcockHarold D. BabcockHarold Delos Babcock was an American astronomer, and the father of Horace W. Babcock, of English and German ancestry. Educated at the University of California, Berkeley, he worked at the Mount Wilson Observatory from 1907 until 1948. He specialized in solar spectroscopy and mapped the distribution...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1882 – 1968) - Horace W. BabcockHorace W. BabcockHorace Welcome Babcock was an American astronomer. He was the son of Harold D. Babcock.He invented and built a number of astronomical instruments, and in 1953 was the first to propose the idea of adaptive optics. He specialized in spectroscopy and the study of magnetic fields of stars...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1912 – 2003) - Oskar BacklundOskar BacklundJohan Oskar Backlund was a Swedish-Russian astronomer. His name is sometimes given as Jöns Oskar Backlund, however even contemporary Swedish sources give "Johan". In Russia, where he spent his entire career, he is known as Oskar Andreevich Baklund...
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1846 – 1916) - John N. BahcallJohn N. BahcallJohn Norris Bahcall was an American astrophysicist, best known for his contributions to the solar neutrino problem, the development of the Hubble Space Telescope and for his leadership and development of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.-Early and family life:Bahcall was born in...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1934 – 2005) - Yoshiaki BannoYoshiaki Bannowas a Japanese astronomer. He co-discovered the asteroid 4200 Shizukagozen.The asteroid 3394 Banno is named after him. Banno died in a traffic accident in 1991.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1952 – 1991) - Benjamin BaillaudBenjamin BaillaudÉdouard Benjamin Baillaud was a French astronomer.-Biography:Born in Chalon-sur-Saône, Baillaud studied at the École Normale Supérieure and the University of Paris. He worked as an assistant at the Paris Observatory beginning in 1872...
(France, 1848 – 1934) - Jules BaillaudJules BaillaudJules Baillaud is a French astronomer. Initially assistant astronomer in Lyon and at the Paris observatory: assistant astronomer until 1925, he went on as astronomer from 1925 to 1947. From 1937 to 1947 he was also the director of the Pic du Midi observatory and directed the Carte du Ciel from...
(France, 1876 – 1960) - Jean-Baptiste BailleBaptistin BailleBaptistin Baille was born Jean-Baptiste Baille in France, in 1841 and he died in 1918. He was a professor of optics and acoustics at the École de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles in Paris and a close friend of Paul Cézanne, the impressionist artist, and of Émile Zola who would later become a...
(France, 1841 – 1918) - Jean Sylvain Bailly (France, 1736 – 1793)
- Francis BailyFrancis BailyFrancis Baily was an English astronomer, most famous for his observations of 'Baily's beads' during an eclipse of the Sun.-Life:Baily was born at Newbury in Berkshire in 1774...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1774 – 1844) - John Bainbridge (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1582 – 1643) - John E. BaldwinJohn E. BaldwinJohn Evan Baldwin FRS has worked at the Cavendish Astrophysics Group since 1954. He played a pivotal role in the development of interferometry in Radio Astronomy, and later astronomical optical interferometry and lucky imaging...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1934 – ) - Sallie BaliunasSallie BaliunasSallie Baliunas is an astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in the Solar, Stellar, and Planetary Sciences Division and formerly Deputy Director of the Mount Wilson Observatory. She serves as Senior Scientist at the George C. Marshall Institute in Washington, DC, and...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1953 – ) - Zoltán BalogZoltan BalogZoltán Balog, PhD is an astronomer with the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg, Germany. In 2006, while at the Steward Observatory at the University of Arizona, Dr...
(HungaryHungaryHungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
/USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1972 – ) - Benjamin BannekerBenjamin BannekerBenjamin Banneker was a free African American astronomer, mathematician, surveyor, almanac author and farmer.-Family history and early life:It is difficult to verify much of Benjamin Banneker's family history...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1731 – 1806) - Edward Emerson Barnard (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1857 – 1923) - Julius BauschingerJulius Bauschinger-Biography:Julius Bauschinger was born in Fürth, the son of the physicist Johann Bauschinger. He studied at the Universities of Munich and Berlin, graduating under the direction of Hugo Hans von Seeliger with a thesis titled "Studies on the motion of the planet Mercury"...
(France) - Johann BayerJohann BayerJohann Bayer was a German lawyer and uranographer . He was born in Rain, Bavaria, in 1572. He began his study of philosophy in Ingolstadt in 1592, and moved later to Augsburg to begin work as a lawyer. He grew interested in astronomy during his time in Augsburg...
(Germany, 1572 – 1625) - Antonín BečvářAntonín BečvářAntonín Bečvář was a Czech astronomer who was active in Slovakia. He was born in Stará Boleslav. Among his chief achievements is the foundation of the Skalnaté Pleso Observatory and the discovery of the comet C/1947 F2 .Bečvář is particularly important for his star charts: he led the compilation...
(SlovakiaSlovakiaThe Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
, 1901 – 1965) - Wilhelm Beer (Germany, 1797 – 1850)
- Sergei Ivanovich BelyavskySergei Ivanovich BelyavskySergey Ivanovich Belyavsky – October 13, 1953) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer.His last name is also alternatively spelled Beljavskij or Beljawskij. His first name is occasionally given as "Sergius".He was born in St. Petersburg and was a member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1883 – 1953) - Charles L. BennettCharles L. BennettCharles L. Bennett is an American observational astrophysicist and the Alumni Centennial Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Johns Hopkins University. He is the Principal Investigator of NASA's highly successful Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1956 – ) - Jocelyn Bell BurnellJocelyn Bell BurnellSusan Jocelyn Bell Burnell, DBE, FRS, FRAS , is a British astrophysicist. As a postgraduate student she discovered the first radio pulsars with her thesis supervisor Antony Hewish. She was president of the Institute of Physics from October 2008 until October 2010, and was interim president...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1943 – ) - Friedrich Wilhelm BesselFriedrich Bessel-References:* John Frederick William Herschel, A brief notice of the life, researches, and discoveries of Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel, London: Barclay, 1847 -External links:...
(Germany, 1784 – 1846) - Somnath BharadwajSomnath BharadwajSomnath Bharadwaj is an Indian theoretical physicist who works on Theoretical Astrophysics and Cosmology.Bharadwaj was born in India, studied at the Indian Institute of Technology in Kharagpur, and later received his Ph.D. from the Indian Institute of Science. After having worked at the...
(IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
) - Wilhelm Freiherr von Biela (AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, 1782 – 1856) - Ludwig BiermannLudwig BiermannLudwig Franz Benedict Biermann was a German astronomer.He made important contributions to astrophysics and plasma physics...
(Germany, 1907 – 1986) - Wolf BickelWolf BickelWolf Bickel is a German astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids, working at the Bergisch Gladbach Observatory.-References:...
(Germany) - Guillaume BigourdanGuillaume BigourdanCamille Guillaume Bigourdan was a French astronomer.Bigourdan was born at Sistels, Tarn-et-Garonne. In 1877 he was appointed by Félix Tisserand as assistant astronomer at the Toulouse Observatory, and in 1879 followed Tisserand to the Paris Observatory when the latter became director there.He...
(France, 1851 – 1932) - James BinneyJames BinneyJames Jeffrey Binney, FRS, FInstP is a British astrophysicist. He is currently a Professor of Physics at the University of Oxford, where he is head of the Sub-Department of Theoretical Physics as well as a Professorial Fellow at Merton College...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1950 – ) - Biruni (Persia, 973 – 1048)
- Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-KoganGennady S. Bisnovatyi-KoganGennady S. Bisnovati-Kogan is an astrophysicist. He is known for predicting binary radio pulsars.Bisnovati-Kogan was a student at Moscow Physical-Technical Institute from 1958-1964...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1941 – ) - Adriaan Blaauw (NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1914 – 2010) - Nathaniel BlissNathaniel BlissThe Reverend Nathaniel Bliss was an English astronomer of the 18th century, serving as Britain's fourth Astronomer Royal between 1762 and 1764....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1700 – 1764) - Johann Elert BodeJohann Elert BodeJohann Elert Bode was a German astronomer known for his reformulation and popularization of the Titius-Bode law. Bode determined the orbit of Uranus and suggested the planet's name.-Biography:...
(Germany, 1747 – 1826) - Alfred BohrmannAlfred BohrmannAlfred Bohrmann was a German astronomer.He did his Ph.D. dissertation in 1927 at the Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl at the University of Heidelberg....
(Germany, 1904 – 2000) - Bart BokBart BokBart Jan Bok was a Dutch-American astronomer.He was born in the Netherlands, but spent a good deal of his childhood days growing up in what was then known as the Dutch East Indies. He was educated at the Leiden and Groningen Universities. In 1929 he married fellow astronomer Dr...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1906 – 1983) - Charles Thomas BoltonCharles Thomas BoltonCharles Thomas or Tom Bolton is an American astronomer who was the first astronomer to present strong evidence of the existence of a black hole....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1943 – ) - John Gatenby BoltonJohn Gatenby BoltonThis article is on the astronomer John Bolton. For other people named "John Bolton," see John Bolton .John Gatenby Bolton was a British-Australian astronomer from Sheffield, England. He attended King Edward VII School , followed by Trinity College, Cambridge from 1940 to 1942, during which time...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
/AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, 1922 – 1993) - William Cranch BondWilliam Cranch BondWilliam Cranch Bond was an American astronomer, and the first director of Harvard College Observatory.- Upbringing :William Cranch Bond was born in Falmouth, Maine on September 9, 1789...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1789 – 1859) - Alphonse Borrelly (France, 1842 – 1926)
- Rudjer Boscovich (DalmatiaDalmatiaDalmatia is a historical region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. It stretches from the island of Rab in the northwest to the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. The hinterland, the Dalmatian Zagora, ranges from fifty kilometers in width in the north to just a few kilometers in the south....
, 1711 – 1787) - Lewis BossLewis Boss-Life:He was born in Providence, Rhode Island and attended secondary school at the Lapham Institute in North Scituate and the New Hampton Institution in New Hampshire. In 1870 he graduated from Dartmouth College, then went to work as a clerk for the U.S. Government. He served as an assistant...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1846 – 1912) - Alexis BouvardAlexis BouvardAlexis Bouvard was a French astronomer. He is particularly noted for his careful observations of the irregularities in the motion of Uranus and his hypothesis of the existence of an eighth planet in the solar system.-Life:...
(France, 1767 – 1843) - Rychard BouwensRychard BouwensRychard Bouwens is an assistant professor at the University of Leiden. He is also a former member of the Advanced Camera for Surveys Guaranteed Time Observation team and postdoctoral research astronomer at the University of California, Santa Cruz. His work helped lead to the discovery of...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1972 – ) - Edward L. G. BowellEdward L. G. BowellEdward L. G. Bowell , known as "Ted", is an American astronomer. Bowell was educated at Emanuel School London, University College, London, and the Université de Paris....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1943 – ) - Ira Sprague BowenIra Sprague BowenIra Sprague Bowen was an American astronomer. In 1927 he discovered that nebulium was not really a chemical element but instead doubly ionized oxygen.-Life and work:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1898 – 1973) - Louis BoyerLouis Boyer (astronomer)Louis Boyer was a French astronomer.He worked at the Algiers Observatory and discovered a number of asteroids.The asteroid 1215 Boyer was named after him by his colleague in Algiers, Alfred Schmitt...
(France) - Ronald N. BracewellRonald N. BracewellRonald Newbold Bracewell AO was the Lewis M. Terman Professor of Electrical Engineering, Emeritus of the at Stanford University.- Education :...
(AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1921 – 2007) - James BradleyJames BradleyJames Bradley FRS was an English astronomer and served as Astronomer Royal from 1742, succeeding Edmund Halley. He is best known for two fundamental discoveries in astronomy, the aberration of light , and the nutation of the Earth's axis...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1693 – 1762) - Tycho BraheTycho BraheTycho Brahe , born Tyge Ottesen Brahe, was a Danish nobleman known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations...
(DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, 1546 – 1601) - John Alfred BrashearJohn BrashearDr. John Alfred Brashear was an American astronomer and instrument builder.- Life and work :Brashear was born in Brownsville, Pennsylvania, a town 35 miles south of Pittsburgh along the Monongahela River. His father, Basil Brown Brashear, was a saddler, and his mother, Julia Smith Brashear, was a...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1840 – 1920) - William Robert BrooksWilliam Robert BrooksWilliam Robert Brooks was a British-born American astronomer, mainly noted as being one of the most prolific discoverers of new comets of all time, second only to Jean-Louis Pons...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1844 – 1922) - Theodor BrorsenTheodor BrorsenTheodor Johan Christian Ambders Brorsen was a Danish astronomer best known for his discovery of five comets, including the lost periodic comet 5D/Brorsen and the periodic comet 23P/Brorsen-Metcalf.- Life :...
(DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, 1819 – 1895) - Dirk BrouwerDirk BrouwerDirk Brouwer was a Dutch-American astronomer.He received his Ph.D. in 1927 at Leiden University in the Netherlands and then went to Yale University...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
–USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1902 – 1966) - Ernest William BrownErnest William BrownErnest William Brown FRS was a British mathematician and astronomer, who spent the majority of his career working in the United States....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1866 – 1938) - Michael (Mike) E. BrownMichael E. BrownMichael E. Brown has been a professor of planetary astronomy at the California Institute of Technology since 2003....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1965 – ) - Hermann Alexander Brück (Germany, 1905 – 2000)
- Ismael BullialdusIsmaël BullialdusIsmaël Bullialdus was a French astronomer.Bullialdus was born Ismaël Boulliau in Loudun, Vienne, France, the first surviving son to Calvinists Susanna Motet and Ismaël Boulliau, a notary by profession and amateur astronomer. At age twenty-one he converted to Catholicism, and by twenty-six was...
(France, 1605 – 1694) - Margaret BurbidgeMargaret BurbidgeEleanor Margaret Burbidge, née Peachey, FRS is a British-born American astrophysicist, noted for original research and holding many administrative posts, including director of the Royal Greenwich Observatory....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1919 – ) - Robert Burnham, Jr.Robert Burnham, Jr.Robert Burnham, Jr. was an American astronomer. He is best known for writing the classic three-volume Burnham's Celestial Handbook.-Early work:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1931 – 1993) - Sherburne Wesley BurnhamSherburne Wesley BurnhamSherburne Wesley Burnham was an American astronomer.He worked at Yerkes Observatory. All his working life, he served during the day as a court reporter and was an amateur astronomer, except for four years as a full-time astronomer at Lick Observatory.He served as a military stenographer in the...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1838 – 1921) - Schelte J. BusSchelte J. BusSchelte John "Bobby" Bus is an Associate Astronomer at the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy and Support Astronomer at NASA's Infrared Telescope Facility IRTF. He received his B.S. from Caltech in 1979, and was awarded his Ph.D from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1999.Bus...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1956 – )
C
- William Wallace CampbellWilliam Wallace CampbellWilliam Wallace Campbell was an American astronomer, and director of Lick Observatory from 1900 to 1930. He specialized in spectroscopy.-Biography:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1862 – 1938) - Annie Jump CannonAnnie Jump CannonAnnie Jump Cannon was an American astronomer whose cataloging work was instrumental in the development of contemporary stellar classification. With Edward C...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1863 – 1941) - Luigi CarneraLuigi CarneraLuigi Carnera was an Italian astronomer.In his early career he worked as Max Wolf's assistant at Heidelberg, Germany and discovered a number of asteroids...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1875 – 1962) - Edwin Francis CarpenterEdwin Francis CarpenterEdwin Francis Carpenter was an American astronomer.He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and received his A.B. and A.M. from Harvard University. In 1925 he was awarded a Ph.D. from University of California at Berkeley. He became an instructor at the University of Arizona, and by 1936 he was heading...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1898 – 1963) - James CarpenterJames CarpenterJames Carpenter was a British astronomer at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich.During the 1860s he performed the first observations of stellar spectra at the observatory, under the direction of the Astronomer Royal George Airy...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1840 – 1899) - Richard Christopher CarringtonRichard Christopher CarringtonRichard Christopher Carrington was an English amateur astronomer whose 1859 astronomical observations demonstrated the existence of solar flares as well as suggesting their electrical influence upon the Earth and its aurorae; and whose 1863 records of sunspot observations revealed the differential...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1826 – 1875) - Sir John CarrollJohn Carroll (astronomer)John A. Carroll was a British astronomer and physicist. In the 1920s he worked at the Solar Physics Observatory, Cambridge, UK with F.J.M...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1899 – 1974) - César-François Cassini de ThuryCésar-François Cassini de ThuryCésar-François Cassini de Thury , also called Cassini III or Cassini de Thury, was a French astronomer and cartographer.- Biography :...
(France, 1714 – 1784) - Dominique, comte de CassiniDominique, comte de CassiniThis article is about the French astronomer. For his Italian-born great-grandfather, see Giovanni Domenico Cassini.Jean-Dominique, comte de Cassini was a French astronomer, son of César-François Cassini de Thury....
(France, 1748 – 1845) - Giovanni Domenico CassiniGiovanni Domenico CassiniThis article is about the Italian-born astronomer. For his French-born great-grandson, see Jean-Dominique Cassini.Giovanni Domenico Cassini was an Italian/French mathematician, astronomer, engineer, and astrologer...
(France, 1625 – 1712) - Jacques CassiniJacques CassiniJacques Cassini was a French astronomer, son of the famous Italian astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini.Cassini was born at the Paris Observatory. Admitted at the age of seventeen to membership of the French Academy of Sciences, he was elected in 1696 a fellow of the Royal Society of London, and...
(France, 1677 – 1756) - Bonaventura CavalieriBonaventura CavalieriBonaventura Francesco Cavalieri was an Italian mathematician. He is known for his work on the problems of optics and motion, work on the precursors of infinitesimal calculus, and the introduction of logarithms to Italy...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1598 – 1647) - Anders CelsiusAnders CelsiusAnders Celsius was a Swedish astronomer. He was professor of astronomy at Uppsala University from 1730 to 1744, but traveled from 1732 to 1735 visiting notable observatories in Germany, Italy and France. He founded the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory in 1741, and in 1742 he proposed the Celsius...
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1701 – 1744) - Vincenzo CerulliVincenzo CerulliVincenzo Cerulli was an Italian astronomer who owned a private observatory in Teramo, where he was born.Cerulli compiled a star catalog with Elia Millosevich...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1859 – 1927) - Jean ChacornacJean ChacornacJean Chacornac was a French astronomer.He was born in Lyon and died in St Jean en Royans. Working in Marseille and Paris, he discovered six asteroids. The asteroid 1622 Chacornac and the crater Chacornac on the Moon are named in his honour....
(France, 1823 – 1873) - James ChallisJames ChallisJames Challis FRS was an English clergyman, physicist and astronomer. Plumian Professor and director of the Cambridge Observatory, he investigated a wide range of physical phenomena though made few lasting contributions outside astronomy...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1803 – 1882) - Subrahmanyan ChandrasekharSubrahmanyan ChandrasekharSubrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, FRS ) was an Indian origin American astrophysicist who, with William A. Fowler, won the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics for key discoveries that led to the currently accepted theory on the later evolutionary stages of massive stars...
(IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1910 – 1995) - Carl CharlierCarl CharlierCarl Vilhelm Ludwig Charlier was a Swedish astronomer.He received his Ph.D. from Uppsala University in 1887, later worked there and at the Stockholm Observatory and was Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Observatory at Lund University from 1897.He made extensive statistical studies of the...
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1862 – 1934) - Auguste CharloisAuguste CharloisAuguste Honoré Charlois was a French astronomer who discovered 99 asteroids while working in Nice.His first discovery was the asteroid 267 Tirza in 1887...
(France, 1864 – 1910) - Lyudmila Ivanovna Chernykh (RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
/UkraineUkraineUkraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
) - Nikolai Stepanovich ChernykhNikolai Stepanovich ChernykhNikolay Stepanovich Chernykh was a Soviet and Russian astronomer.Chernykh was born in the city of Usman' in Voronezh Oblast...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
/UkraineUkraineUkraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
, 1931 – ) - James Christy (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1938 – ) - Edwin Foster CoddingtonEdwin Foster CoddingtonEdwin Foster Coddington was an American astronomer.He co-discovered the comet C/1898 L1 , also known by the older designation Comet 1898 VII. He also discovered a few asteroids, and the galaxy IC 2574 in Ursa Major, which later became known as the "Coddington Nebula"....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1870 – 1950) - Jérôme Eugène CoggiaJérôme Eugène CoggiaJérôme Eugène Coggia was a 19th-century French astronomer.Working in Marseille, he discovered a number of comets, including the bright "Coggia's Comet" . The periodic comet 27P/Crommelin was previously called "Comet Pons-Coggia-Winnecke-Forbes". In 1916 he was awarded the Lalande Prize of the...
(France, 1849 – 1919) - Josep Comas SoláJosep Comas SoláJosep Comas i Solà was a Catalan Spanish astronomer.He observed planets including Mars and Saturn, measuring the period of rotation of the latter...
(Spain, 1868 – 1937) - Andrew Ainslie CommonAndrew Ainslie CommonAndrew Ainslie Common FRS was an English amateur astronomer best known for his pioneering work in astrophotography.-Biography:...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1841 – 1903) - Guy ConsolmagnoGuy ConsolmagnoBrother Guy J. Consolmagno, SJ , is an American research astronomer and planetary scientist at the Vatican Observatory.-Life:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1952 – ) - Nicolaus CopernicusNicolaus CopernicusNicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance astronomer and the first person to formulate a comprehensive heliocentric cosmology which displaced the Earth from the center of the universe....
(1473 – 1543) - Corsono CarsonoCorsono CarsonoJacob ben Isaac al-Corsono or Carsono or Carsi was a Spanish astronomer of the fourteenth century....
(Spain) - Pablo CottenotPablo CottenotPablo Cottenot was a French astronomer.He worked at Marseille Observatory, but according to Edouard Stephan, Cottenot's astronomy career was brief. He did however discover at least one asteroid.- References :...
(France) - Heather CouperHeather CouperHeather Anita Couper CBE CPhys is a British astronomer who popularized astronomy in the 1980s and 1990s on British television. She is a former president of the British Astronomical Association from 1984 to 1986.-Early life:...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1949 – ) - Leopold CourvoisierLeopold CourvoisierLeopold Courvoisier was a Swiss astronomer. He was born in Riehen, Switzerland, near Basel.. He was the chief observer at the observatory in Babelsberg from 1905 to 1938.-Work:...
(SwitzerlandSwitzerlandSwitzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
, 1873 – 1955) - Arthur Edwin Covington (CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, 1914 – 2001) - Philip Herbert CowellPhilip Herbert CowellPhilip Herbert Cowell was a British astronomer.Philip Herbert Cowell was born in calcutta, India and educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. He became second chief assistant at the Royal Greenwich Observatory in 1896 and later became the Superintendent of HM Nautical Almanac Office during...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1870 – 1949) - Thomas George CowlingThomas George CowlingThomas George Cowling FRS was an English astronomer.Cowling was born in Hackney, London and studied mathematics at Brasenose College, Oxford from 1924 to 1930. From 1928 to 1930 he worked under Edward Arthur Milne...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1906 – 1990) - Andrew Claude de la Cherois CrommelinAndrew Claude de la Cherois CrommelinAndrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin was a Irish-born, British astronomer of Huguenot descent. He was born in Cushendun, County Antrim, and educated in England at Marlborough College and Trinity College, Cambridge. He worked at the Royal Greenwich Observatory and went on several solar eclipse...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1865 – 1939) - James CuffeyJames CuffeyJames Cuffey was an American astronomer. He specialized in photoelectric photometry and held the patent on the Cuffey Iris Photometer, an instrument used in stellar photographic photometry....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1911 – 1999) - Heber Doust CurtisHeber Doust CurtisHeber Doust Curtis was an American astronomer.He studied at the University of Michigan and at the University of Virginia, where he got a degree in astronomy....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1872 – 1942)
D
- Jacques Eugène d'AllonvilleJacques D'AllonvilleJacques Eugène d'Allonville, Chevalier de Louville par Fontenelle was a French astronomer and mathematician....
(France, 1671 – 1732) - Andre Louis Danjon (France, 1890 – 1967)
- Heinrich d'Arrest (Germany, 1822 – 1875)
- George Howard Darwin (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1845 – 1912) - Roger DaviesRoger Davies (astrophysicist)Roger Llewelyn Davies is a British astronomer and cosmologist, one of the so-called Seven Samurai collaboration who discovered an apparent concentration of mass in the Universe called the Great Attractor. He is the Philip Wetton Professor of Astrophysics at Oxford University...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1954 – ) - William Rutter DawesWilliam Rutter DawesWilliam Rutter Dawes was an English astronomer.Dawes was born in West Sussex, the son of William Dawes, also an astronomer, who travelled to the colony of New South Wales on the First Fleet in 1788....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1799 – 1868) - Bernhard DawsonBernhard DawsonBernhard Hildebrandt Dawson was a U.S.-born Argentine astronomer.He was born in Kansas City, Missouri and earned a B.S. from the University of Michigan, 1916. From 1913 onward, he worked at the La Plata Observatory, Argentina. In 1933 he was awarded a Ph.D. from Michigan with a thesis titled, "The...
(ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
, 1890 – 1960) - Leo de Ball (Germany, AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, 1853 – 1916) - Henri DebehogneHenri DebehogneHenri Debehogne was a Belgian astronomer.He worked at the Observatoire Royal de Belgique in Uccle, and specialized in astrometry of comets and asteroids....
(BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
) - Annibale de GasparisAnnibale de GasparisAnnibale de Gasparis was an Italian astronomer. From 1864 to 1889 he was the director of the Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte in Naples.He won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1851....
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1819 – 1892) - Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre (France, 1749 – 1822)
- Charles-Eugène DelaunayCharles-Eugène DelaunayCharles-Eugène Delaunay was a French astronomer and mathematician. His lunar motion studies were important in advancing both the theory of planetary motion and mathematics.-Life:...
(France, 1816 – 1872) - Eugène Joseph DelporteEugène Joseph DelporteEugène Joseph Delporte was a Belgian astronomer.-Discoveries:He discovered a total of sixty-six asteroids. Notable discoveries include 1221 Amor and the Apollo asteroid 2101 Adonis. He discovered or co-discovered some comets as well, including periodic comet 57P/du Toit-Neujmin-Delporte...
(BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, 1882 – 1955) - Audrey C. DelsantiAudrey C. DelsantiAudrey C. Delsanti is a French astronomer who co-discovered in 1999 whilst at La Silla Observatory in Chile. The Minor Planet Center erroneously lists her as "A. Dalsanti". In 2004 she was awarded a NASA Postdoctoral Fellowship in astrobiology at the Institute for Astronomy of the University of...
(France, 1976 – ) - William Frederick DenningWilliam Frederick DenningWilliam Frederick Denning was a British astronomer.Denning devoted a great deal of time to searching for comets, and discovered several including the periodic comet 72P/Denning-Fujikawa and the lost comet D/1894 F1...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1848 – 1931) - Alíz Derekas (HungaryHungaryHungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
, 1977 – ) - Willem de SitterWillem de SitterWillem de Sitter was a Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer.-Life and work:Born in Sneek, De Sitter studied mathematics at the University of Groningen and then joined the Groningen astronomical laboratory. He worked at the Cape Observatory in South Africa...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1872 – 1934) - Henri-Alexandre DeslandresHenri-Alexandre DeslandresHenri Alexandre Deslandres was a French astronomer, director of the Meudon and Paris Observatories.Deslandres' undergraduate years at the École Polytechnique were played out against the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War and the chaos of the Paris Commune so, on graduation in 1874, he responded...
(France, 1853 – 1948) - Alexander Nikolaevich DeutschAlexander Nikolaevich DeutschAlexander Nikolaevich Deutsch was a Soviet astronomer who worked at Pulkovo Observatory.Deutsch was born in the night from December 31, 1900, to January 1, 1901, in Bessarabian town of Reni in family of German , Greek and Romanian descent. When he was a small child, the family moved to Ryazan and...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
) - Gérard de VaucouleursGérard de Vaucouleurs-External links:* * http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/normal_galaxies.html-Other resources:...
(France/USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1918 – 1995) - Robert Dicke (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1916 – 1997) - Terence DickinsonTerence DickinsonTerence Dickinson, CM is a leading amateur astronomer and science writer who lives near the rural town of Yarker, Ontario, Canada. He is the editor of SkyNews magazine and an astronomy commentator for Discovery Channel Canada. He has written fourteen books, which are widely regarded as some of...
(CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
) - Thomas DiggesThomas DiggesSir Thomas Digges was an English mathematician and astronomer. He was the first to expound the Copernican system in English but discarded the notion of a fixed shell of immoveable stars to postulate infinitely many stars at varying distances; he was also first to postulate the "dark night sky...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1546 – 1595) - Herbert DingleHerbert DingleHerbert Dingle , an English physicist and natural philosopher, who served as president of the Royal Astronomical Society from 1951 to 1953, is best known for his opposition to Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity and the protracted controversy that this provoked.-Biography:Dingle was born...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1890 – 1978) - Andrea Di PaolaAndrea Di PaolaAndrea Di Paola is an Italian astronomer. He works at the Osservatorio astronomico di Roma.He has discovered a number of asteroids. The asteroid 27130 Dipaola is named in his honour.-References:...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
) - Ewine van DishoeckEwine van DishoeckEwine van Dishoeck is a Dutch astronomer and chemist. She is Professor of Molecular Astrophysics at Leiden Observatory.She is a member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences and the U.S. National Academy of Sciences...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1955 – ) - David DodgeDavid DodgeDavid Dodge is the name of:* David A. Dodge , Canadian economist and Governor of the Bank of Canada from 2001 to 2008* David F. Dodge , American novelist...
(CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
) (1949 – ) - Giovanni Battista DonatiGiovanni Battista DonatiGiovanni Battista Donati ; 16 December 1826, Pisa, Italy – 20 September 1873, Florence, Italy) was an Italian astronomer.Donati graduated from the university of his native city, Pisa, and afterwards joined the staff of the Observatory of Florence in 1852...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1826 – 1873) - Frank DrakeFrank DrakeFrank Donald Drake PhD is an American astronomer and astrophysicist. He is most notable as one of the pioneers in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence, including the founding of SETI, mounting the first observational attempts at detecting extraterrestrial communications in 1961 in Project...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1930 – ) - Henry DraperHenry DraperHenry Draper was an American doctor and amateur astronomer. He is best known today as a pioneer of astrophotography.-Life and work:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1837 – 1882) - John Dreyer (IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
, 1852 – 1926) - Alexander D. Dubyago (RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
), 1903 – 1959) - Dmitrij I. Dubyago (RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
), 1850 – 1918) - Jean C. B. DufayJean DufayJean Claude Barthélemy Dufay was a French astronomer.During his career he studied nebulae, interstellar matter, the night sky and cometary physics. In 1925, while working in collaboration with Jean Cabannes, he computed the altitude of the Earth's ozone layer...
(France, 1896 – 1967) - Raymond Smith DuganRaymond Smith DuganRaymond Smith Dugan was an American astronomer and a graduate of Amherst College in Massachusetts .Dugan obtained his Masters Degree from Amherst College in 1902, and then received his Ph.D...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1878 – 1940) - Petar Đurković (SerbiaSerbiaSerbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
, 1908 – 1981) - Frank Watson DysonFrank Watson DysonSir Frank Watson Dyson, KBE, FRS was an English astronomer and Astronomer Royal who is remembered today largely for introducing time signals from Greenwich, England, and for the role he played in testing Einstein's theory of general relativity.- Biography :Dyson was born in Measham, near...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1868 – 1939) - Alexander DalgarnoAlexander DalgarnoAlexander Dalgarno is a British physicist who is Phillips Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University.-Biography:He was educated in mathematics and atomic physics at University College, London. He was an academic at the Queen's University of Belfast and moved to Harvard in 1967...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1928 – )
E
- Arthur Eddington (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1882 – 1944) - Frank K. EdmondsonFrank K. EdmondsonFrank K. Edmondson was an American astronomer.-Life and career:Edmondson was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and grew up in Seymour, Indiana...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1912 – 2008) - Olin J. EggenOlin J. EggenOlin Jeuck Eggen was an American astronomer. Some sources incorrectly give his name as Olin Jenck Eggen.-Biography:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1919 – 1998) - Albert EinsteinAlbert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of general relativity, effecting a revolution in physics. For this achievement, Einstein is often regarded as the father of modern physics and one of the most prolific intellects in human history...
(Germany, 1879 – 1955) - Eise EisingaEise EisingaEise Jeltes Eisinga was a Dutch amateur astronomer who built an orrery in his house in Franeker, Netherlands. The orrery still exists and is the oldest functioning planetarium in the world.-Biography:...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1744 – 1828) - Eric Walter ElstEric Walter ElstEric Walter Elst is a Belgian astronomer and a prolific discoverer of asteroids, with over 3,000 discovered so far ....
(BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
) - Johann Franz EnckeJohann Franz EnckeJohann Franz Encke was a German astronomer. Among his activities, he worked on the calculation of the periods of comets and asteroids, measured the distance from the earth to the sun, and made observations on the planet Saturn.-Biography:Encke was born in Hamburg, where his father was a...
(Germany, 1791 – 1865) - Kin EndateKin Endateis a Japanese amateur astronomer who has discovered 600 asteroids , placing him among the most prolific discoverers of minor planets. His discoveries include the Trojan asteroid 1990 VU1 and the Mars-crossing asteroid 6500 Kodaira...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1960 – ) - EratosthenesEratosthenesEratosthenes of Cyrene was a Greek mathematician, poet, athlete, geographer, astronomer, and music theorist.He was the first person to use the word "geography" and invented the discipline of geography as we understand it...
(AlexandriaAlexandriaAlexandria is the second-largest city of Egypt, with a population of 4.1 million, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country; it is also the largest city lying directly on the Mediterranean coast. It is Egypt's largest seaport, serving...
, 276 BC – 194 BC) - Emil ErnstEmil ErnstEmil Ernst was a German astronomer.He did his Ph.D. dissertation in 1918 at the Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl at the University of Heidelberg....
(Germany) - Ernest EsclangonErnest EsclangonErnest Benjamin Esclangon was a French astronomer and mathematician.Born in Mison, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, in 1895 he started to study mathematics at the École Normale Supérieure, graduating in 1898...
(France, 1876 – 1954) - Fred EspenakFred EspenakFred Espenak is an American astrophysicist. He works at the Goddard Space Flight Center. He is best known for his work on eclipse predictions....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1953 – ) - Larry W. EspositoLarry W. EspositoLarry W. Esposito is an American planetary astronomer and a Professor at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado. A 1973 graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Esposito received his Ph.D in Astronomy from the University of Massachusetts-Amherst. In...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1951– ) - EudoxusEudoxus of CnidusEudoxus of Cnidus was a Greek astronomer, mathematician, scholar and student of Plato. Since all his own works are lost, our knowledge of him is obtained from secondary sources, such as Aratus's poem on astronomy...
(Cnidus, circa 408 BC – circa 347 BC)
F
- David FabriciusDavid FabriciusDavid Fabricius , was a German theologian who made two major discoveries in the early days of telescopic astronomy, jointly with his eldest son, Johannes Fabricius ....
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1564 – 1617) - Sandra M. FaberSandra M. FaberSandra Moore Faber is a University Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and works at the Lick Observatory.In 1966, she obtained a B.A., with high honors, in physics from Swarthmore College....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1945 – ) - Johannes FabriciusJohannes FabriciusJohann Fabricius , eldest son of David Fabricius , was a Frisian/German astronomer and a discoverer of sunspots , independently of Galileo Galilei.-Biography:...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1587 – 1615) - Fearon FallowsFearon FallowsFearon Fallows was an English astronomer.-Life:He was born in Cockermouth in Cumbria, the son of John Fallows, a weaver, and his wife Rebecca...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1789 – 1831) - Hervé FayeHervé FayeHervé Auguste Étienne Albans Faye was a French astronomer, born at Saint-Benoît-du-Sault and educated at the Ecole Polytechnique, which he left in 1834, before completing his course, to accept a position in the Paris Observatory to which he had been appointed on the recommendation of M. Arago.He...
(France, 1814 – 1902) - Charles FehrenbachCharles Fehrenbach (astronomer)Charles Fehrenbach was a French astronomer and member of the French Academy of Sciences. He was director of the Observatoire de Haute Provence until 1983....
(France, 1914 – 2008) - FarghaniAl-Farghani' also known as Alfraganus in the West was a Persian astronomer and one of the famous astronomers in 9th century. The crater Alfraganus on the Moon is named after him.-Life:...
(Persia, d. after 861) - James FergusonJames Ferguson (astronomer)James Ferguson was an American astronomer and engineer born in Scotland who made the first discovery of an asteroid from North America . Starting in 1847, he worked at the U.S...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1797 – 1867) - Alex Filippenko (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1958 – ) - Erwin Finlay-FreundlichErwin Finlay-FreundlichErwin Finlay-Freundlich was a German astronomer, a pupil of Felix Klein. He was born in Biebrich, Germany. Freundlich was a working associate of Albert Einstein and introduced experiments for which the general theory of relativity could be tested by astronomical observations based on the...
(Germany, 1885 – 1964) - Axel FirsoffAxel FirsoffValdemar Axel Firsoff was known principally as an amateur astronomer. He was born in ca. 1910 of Swedish descent, and died on 19 November 1981. He lived in Lochearnhead, Scotland, before moving to Somerset, England, where he settled in Glastonbury....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1910 – 1981) - Debra FischerDebra FischerDebra A. Fischer is a professor of astronomy at Yale University. Fischer has co-authored over 100 papers on dwarf and sub-stellar mass objects in the galactic neighborhood, including many on extrasolar planets. She is a principal investigator with the N2K Consortium searching for exoplanets...
USA - J. Richard FisherJ. Richard FisherJ. Richard Fisher is an astronomer at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory at Charlottesville, VA. He received his Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of Maryland, College Park and his B.S. in Physics from the Pennsylvania State University.Fisher, along with R...
- Camille FlammarionCamille FlammarionNicolas Camille Flammarion was a French astronomer and author. He was a prolific author of more than fifty titles, including popular science works about astronomy, several notable early science fiction novels, and several works about Spiritism and related topics. He also published the magazine...
(France, 1842 – 1925) - Gabrielle Renaudot FlammarionGabrielle Renaudot FlammarionGabrielle Renaudot Flammarion was a French astronomer. She worked at the observatory at Juvisy-sur-Orge, France, and was General Secretary of the Société Astronomique de France....
(France, 1867 – 1962) - John FlamsteedJohn FlamsteedSir John Flamsteed FRS was an English astronomer and the first Astronomer Royal. He catalogued over 3000 stars.- Life :Flamsteed was born in Denby, Derbyshire, England, the only son of Stephen Flamsteed...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1646 – 1719) - Honoré FlaugerguesHonoré FlaugerguesHonoré Flaugergues was a French astronomer.....
(France, 1755 – 1835) - Williamina FlemingWilliamina Fleming-External links:* * * * from the Astronomical Society of the Pacific- Obituaries :*...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1857 – 1911) - Wilhelm Julius FoersterWilhelm Julius FoersterWilhelm Julius Foerster was a German astronomer, father of the pacifist and ethicist Friedrich Wilhelm Foerster. His name can also be written Förster, but is usually written "Foerster" even in most German sources where 'ö' is otherwise used in the text.A native of Grünberg, Silesia, he worked as...
(Germany, 1832 – 1921) - Alfred FowlerAlfred FowlerAlfred Fowler, FRS was an English astronomer. Not to be confused with American astrophysicist William Alfred Fowler....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1868 – 1940) - William Alfred FowlerWilliam Alfred FowlerWilliam Alfred "Willy" Fowler was an American astrophysicist and winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1983. He should not be confused with the British astronomer Alfred Fowler....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1911 – 1995) - Philip Fox (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1878 – 1944) - Andrew FraknoiAndrew FraknoiAndrew Fraknoi, M.A., is an astronomy professor at Foothill College and the 2007 California Professor of the Year awarded by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and the Council for Advancement and Support of Education. Fraknoi also won the Astronomical Society of the Pacific's...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1948 – ) - Joseph von FraunhoferJoseph von FraunhoferJoseph von Fraunhofer was a German optician. He is known for the discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.-Biography:Fraunhofer was born in Straubing, Bavaria...
(Germany, 1787 – 1826) - Herbert FriedmanHerbert FriedmanHerbert Friedman was an American pioneer in the application of sounding rockets to solar physics, aeronomy, and astronomy. He was also a statesman and public advocate for science...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1916 – 2000 ) - Dirk D. Frimout (BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, 1941 – ) - Edwin Brant FrostEdwin Brant Frost-Biography:He was born in Brattleboro, Vermont. His father, Carlton Pennington Frost, was dean of Dartmouth Medical School.Frost graduated from Dartmouth in 1886. He continued his education as a post-graduate student in chemistry and in 1887 became an instructor in physics while only 21 years old...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1866 – 1935) - Shigehisa FujikawaShigehisa Fujikawais a Japanese astronomer. He co-discovered periodic comet 72P/Denning-Fujikawa.-References :...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Naoshi FukushimaNaoshi Fukushimawas a Japanese physicist specializing in the near-Earth space environment. He served as Secretary General of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy from 1975 to 1983. In 1990 he was awarded the AGU's Waldo E...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1925 – 2003) - Kiichirō FurukawaKiichirō Furukawais a Japanese astronomer at the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory,and has also been associated with Nagoya University Deparrtment of Astrophysics.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids,having reported 49 of them, all of them together with Hiroki Kosai:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Toshimasa FurutaToshimasa Furutais a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids.- Asteroids discovered :- References :...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
)
G
- Bryan GaenslerBryan GaenslerBryan Malcolm Gaensler is an Australian astronomer and former Young Australian of the Year, currently based at the University of Sydney. He is best known for his work on magnetars, supernova remnants and magnetic fields.- Education :...
(AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, 1973 – ) - Gan DeGan DeGan De was a Chinese astronomer/astrologer born in the State of Qi also known as the Lord Gan . Along with Shi Shen, he is believed to be the first in history known by name to compile a star catalogue, preceded by the anonymous authors of the early Babylonian star catalogues and followed by the...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, fl. 4th century BC) - Galileo GalileiGalileo GalileiGalileo Galilei , was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations and support for Copernicanism...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1564 – 1642) - Julio Garavito ArmeroJulio Garavito ArmeroJulio Garavito Armero was a Colombian astronomer.Born in Bogotá, he was a child prodigy in science and mathematics. He obtained his degrees as mathematician and civil engineer in the Escuela Nacional de Ingeniería...
(ColombiaColombiaColombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
, 1865 – 1920) - Gautama SiddhaGautama SiddhaGautama Siddha, astronomer, astrologer and compiler of Indian descent, known for leading the compilation of the Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era during the Tang Dynasty. He was born in Chang'an, and his family was originally from India, according to a tomb stele uncovered in 1977 in Xi'an...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, fl. 8th century AD) - Johann Gottfried GalleJohann Gottfried GalleJohann Gottfried Galle was a German astronomer at the Berlin Observatory who, on 23 September 1846, with the assistance of student Heinrich Louis d'Arrest, was the first person to view the planet Neptune, and know what he was looking at...
(Germany, 1812 – 1910) - George GamowGeorge GamowGeorge Gamow , born Georgiy Antonovich Gamov , was a Russian-born theoretical physicist and cosmologist. He discovered alpha decay via quantum tunneling and worked on radioactive decay of the atomic nucleus, star formation, stellar nucleosynthesis, Big Bang nucleosynthesis, cosmic microwave...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1904 – 1968) - Carl Friedrich GaussCarl Friedrich GaussJohann Carl Friedrich Gauss was a German mathematician and scientist who contributed significantly to many fields, including number theory, statistics, analysis, differential geometry, geodesy, geophysics, electrostatics, astronomy and optics.Sometimes referred to as the Princeps mathematicorum...
(Germany, 1777 – 1855) - Tom GehrelsTom GehrelsTom Gehrels , was an American astronomer, Professor Planetary Sciences, and Astronomer at the University of Arizona, Tucson....
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1925 – ) - Andrea M. Ghez (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1965 – ) - Riccardo GiacconiRiccardo GiacconiRiccardo Giacconi is an Italian/American Nobel Prize-winning astrophysicist who laid the foundations of X-ray astronomy. He is currently a professor at the Johns Hopkins University.- Biography :...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1931 – ) - Michel GiacobiniMichel GiacobiniMichel Giacobini was a French astronomer.He discovered a number of comets, including 21P/Giacobini-Zinner , 41P/Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresak, and 205P/Giacobini...
(France, 1873 – 1938) - Henry L. GiclasHenry L. GiclasHenry Lee Giclas was an American astronomer.He worked at Lowell Observatory using the blink comparator, and hired Robert Burnham, Jr. to work there.He discovered a number of comets, including periodic comet 84P/Giclas....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1910 – 2007) - David GillDavid Gill (astronomer)Sir David Gill FRS was a Scottish astronomer who is known for measuring astronomical distances, for astrophotography, and for geodesy. He spent much of his career in South Africa.- Life and work :...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1843 – 1914) - Thomas GoldThomas GoldThomas Gold was an Austrian-born astrophysicist, a professor of astronomy at Cornell University, a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the Royal Society . Gold was one of three young Cambridge scientists who in the 1950s proposed the now mostly abandoned 'steady...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1920 – 2004) - Leo GoldbergLeo GoldbergLeo Goldberg was an American astronomer who held professorships at Harvard and the University of Michigan and the directorships of several major observatories. He was president of both the International Astronomical Union and the American Astronomical Society...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1913 – 1987) - Peter GoldreichPeter GoldreichPeter Goldreich is an American astrophysicist whose research focuses on celestial mechanics, planetary rings, helioseismology and neutron stars. He is currently the Lee DuBridge Professor of Astrophysics and Planetary Physics at California Institute of Technology. Since 2005 he has also been a...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1939 – ) - Hermann Goldschmidt (Germany, 1802 – 1866)
- François GonnessiatFrançois GonnessiatFrançois Gonnessiat was a French astronomer.He worked at the Observatory of Lyon. In 1889 he won the Lalande Prize for astronomy from the French Academy of Sciences; 1901 became director of the Quito Observatory for the purpose of making geodetic measurements...
(France, 1856 – 1934) - John GoodrickeJohn GoodrickeJohn Goodricke FRS was an eminent and profoundly deaf amateur astronomer. He is best known for his observations of the variable star Algol in 1782.- Life and work :...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1764 – 1786) - Alyssa A. GoodmanAlyssa A. GoodmanAlyssa Ann Goodman is Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University, a Research Associate of the Smithsonian Institution, and the Founding Director of the Harvard Initiative in Innovative Computing. Goodman and her research group at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge,...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1962-) - Abu Sa'id GorganiAbu Sa'id GorganiAbu Sa'id Zarir Gorgani , also spelled Gorgani, was a 9th-century muslim mathematician and astronomer from Gorgan, Iran. He wrote a treatise on geometrical problems and another on the drawing of the meridian.-Sources:...
(Persia, 9th century) - Paul GötzPaul GötzPaul Götz was an astronomer.He did his Ph.D. dissertation in 1907 at the Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl at the University of Heidelberg....
(Germany) - Benjamin Apthorp GouldBenjamin Apthorp GouldBenjamin Apthorp Gould was a pioneering American astronomer. He is notable for creating the Astronomical Journal, discovering the Gould Belt, and for founding of the Argentine National Observatory and the Argentine National Weather Service.-Biography:He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, son of...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1824 – 1896) - Andrew Graham (IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
, 1815 – 1907) - Kathryn Aurora Gray (CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, 2000 – ) - Charles GreenCharles Green (astronomer)Charles Green was a British astronomer, noted for his assignment by the Royal Society in 1768 to the expedition sent to the Pacific Ocean in order to observe the transit of Venus and the transit of Mercury, aboard James Cook's Endeavour.A farmer's son, he became assistant to the Astronomer Royal...
(England, 1735 – 1771) - Jesse Greenstein (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1909 – 2002) - John Grunsfeld (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1956 – ) - Jay U. GunterJay U. GunterJune U. Gunter , better known as Jay U. Gunter or J. U. Gunter, was an American pathologist and amateur astronomer.-Life and professional career:Jay U. Gunter was born in Sanford, North Carolina...
(United States, 1911 – 1994) - Alexander A. GurshteinAlexander A. GurshteinAlexander A. Gurshtein is a Russian astronomer and historian of science.Gurshtein earned his Candidate of Science from Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, Moscow in 1966 and a Doctor of Science degree in Physics & Mathematics from Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory in St...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1937 – ) - Bengt GustafssonBengt Gustafsson (astronomer)Bengt Gustafsson is a Swedish astronomer and professor in theoretical astrophysics at Uppsala University.He is known for his work in uniting cosmic science with culture and theology, and questioning space science from a humanistic point of view...
, (SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1943 – ) - Guo ShoujingGuo ShoujingGuo Shoujing , courtesy name Ruosi , was a Chinese astronomer, engineer, and mathematician born in Xingtai, Hebei who lived during the Yuan Dynasty...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, 1231 – 1316) - Alan Harvey Guth (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1947 – )
H
- Yusuke HagiharaYusuke Hagiharawas a Japanese astronomer noted for his contributions to celestial mechanics.Hagihara graduated from Tokyo Imperial University with a degree in astronomy in 1921 and became an assistant professor of astronomy there two years later. In 1923 the Japanese government sent him abroad as a traveling...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1897 – 1979) - George Ellery HaleGeorge Ellery HaleGeorge Ellery Hale was an American solar astronomer.-Biography:Hale was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was educated at MIT, at the Observatory of Harvard College, , and at Berlin . As an undergraduate at MIT, he is known for inventing the spectroheliograph, with which he made his discovery of...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1868 – 1938) - Asaph HallAsaph HallAsaph Hall III was an American astronomer who is most famous for having discovered the moons of Mars in 1877...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1829 – 1907) - John Scoville Hall (USA, 1908 – 1991)
- Edmond HalleyEdmond HalleyEdmond Halley FRS was an English astronomer, geophysicist, mathematician, meteorologist, and physicist who is best known for computing the orbit of the eponymous Halley's Comet. He was the second Astronomer Royal in Britain, following in the footsteps of John Flamsteed.-Biography and career:Halley...
(England, 1656 – 1742) - Heidi HammelHeidi Hammel-Background:Dr. Heidi B. Hammel is the Executive Vice President of AURA, Inc. , a consortium of 37 US members and 7 international affiliates...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1960 – ) - Peter Andreas HansenPeter Andreas HansenPeter Andreas Hansen was a Danish astronomer, was born at Tønder, Schleswig.-Biography:The son of a goldsmith, Hansen learned the trade of a watchmaker at Flensburg, and exercised it at Berlin and Tønder, 1818–1820...
(DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, 1795 – 1874) - Abulfazl Harawi (Persia, 10th century)
- Karl Ludwig HardingKarl Ludwig HardingKarl Ludwig Harding was a German astronomer notable for having discovered the asteroid 3 Juno.-Biography:...
(Germany, 1765 – 1834) - Thomas Hariot (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1560 – 1621) - Guillermo HaroGuillermo HaroProfessor Guillermo Haro was born in Mexico City where he grew during the time of the Mexican Revolution. He studied philosophy at the National Autonomous University of Mexico...
(MexicoMexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
, 1913 – 1988) - Robert G. HarringtonRobert G. HarringtonRobert G. Harrington was an American astronomer who worked at Palomar Observatory. He should not be confused with Robert Sutton Harrington, who was also an astronomer, but was born later and worked at the US Naval Observatory....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Robert Sutton HarringtonRobert Sutton HarringtonRobert Sutton Harrington was an American astronomer who worked at the United States Naval Observatory . Harrington was born near Newport News, Virginia. His father was an archaeologist. He was married to Betty-Jean Maycock in 1976, with two daughters, Amy and Ann.Harrington worked at the USNO....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1942 – 1993) - Edward Robert HarrisonEdward Robert HarrisonEdward R. Harrison was a British astronomer and cosmologist, who spent much of his career at the University of Massachusetts and University of Arizona...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
/USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1917 – 2007) - William Kenneth HartmannWilliam Kenneth HartmannWilliam K. Hartmann is a noted planetary scientist, author, and writer. He was the first to convince the scientific mainstream that the Earth had once been hit by a planet sized body , creating both the moon and the Earth's 23° tilt....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1939 – ) - Takeo HatanakaTakeo Hatanakawas a Japanese astronomer.The crater Hatanaka on the Moon is named after him.-References:* http://www12.plala.or.jp/m-light/Nomenclature.htm...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1914 – 1963) - Stephen HawkingStephen HawkingStephen William Hawking, CH, CBE, FRS, FRSA is an English theoretical physicist and cosmologist, whose scientific books and public appearances have made him an academic celebrity...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1942 – ) - Will HayWill HayWilliam Thomson "Will" Hay was an English comedian, actor, film director and amateur astronomer.-Early life:He was born in Stockton-on-Tees, in north east England, to William R...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1888 – 1949) - Chushiro HayashiChushiro Hayashiwas a Japanese astrophysicist. Hayashi tracks on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram are named after him.He earned his B.Sc in physics at the Imperial University of Tokyo in 1942. He then worked as a research associate under Hideki Yukawa at Kyoto University...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1920 – 2010) - Otto Hermann Leopold Heckmann (Germany, 1901 – 1983)
- Carl HeilesCarl E. HeilesCarl Eugene Heiles is an American astrophysicist noted for his contribution to the understanding of diffuse interstellar matter through observational radio astronomy.-Biography:Heiles was born in Toledo, Ohio...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1939 – ) - Joseph HelffrichJoseph HelffrichJoseph Helffrich was a German astronomer.He did his Ph.D. dissertation in 1913 at the Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl at the University of Heidelberg ....
(Germany, 1872 – ?) - Eleanor Helin (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1932 – 2009) - Maximilian HellMaximilian HellMaximilian Hell, S.J. was a Hungarian astronomer and an ordained Jesuit priest from the Kingdom of Hungary.- Biography :...
(Austria-HungaryAustria-HungaryAustria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...
, 1720 – 1792) - Karl Ludwig HenckeKarl Ludwig HenckeKarl Ludwig Hencke was a German amateur astronomer. He is sometimes confused with Johann Franz Encke, another German astronomer....
(Germany, 1793 – 1866) - Thomas HendersonThomas James HendersonThomas James Alan Henderson was a Scottish astronomer noted for being the first person to measure the distance to Alpha Centauri, the major component of the nearest stellar system to Earth, and for being the first Astronomer Royal for Scotland.-Early life:Born in Dundee, Scotland, he was educated...
(ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
, 1798 – 1844) - Paul HenryPaul Henry and Prosper HenryPaul-Pierre Henry and his brother Mathieu-Prosper Henry were French opticians and astronomers....
(France, 1848 – 1905) - Prosper HenryPaul Henry and Prosper HenryPaul-Pierre Henry and his brother Mathieu-Prosper Henry were French opticians and astronomers....
(France, 1849 – 1903) - Abraham bar Hiyya (Spanish Jewish), (1070 – 1136)
- George Howard Herbig (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1920 – ) - Caroline HerschelCaroline HerschelCaroline Lucretia Herschel was a German-British astronomer, the sister of astronomer Sir Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel with whom she worked throughout both of their careers. Her most significant contribution to astronomy was the discovery of several comets and in particular the periodic comet...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1750 – 1848) - John HerschelJohn HerschelSir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet KH, FRS ,was an English mathematician, astronomer, chemist, and experimental photographer/inventor, who in some years also did valuable botanical work...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1792 – 1871) - William HerschelWilliam HerschelSir Frederick William Herschel, KH, FRS, German: Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel was a German-born British astronomer, technical expert, and composer. Born in Hanover, Wilhelm first followed his father into the Military Band of Hanover, but emigrated to Britain at age 19...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
/Germany, 1738 – 1822) - Ejnar HertzsprungEjnar HertzsprungEjnar Hertzsprung was a Danish chemist and astronomer.Hertzsprung was born in Copenhagen. In the period 1911–1913, together with Henry Norris Russell, he developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram....
(DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, 1873 – 1967) - Johannes HeveliusJohannes HeveliusJohannes Hevelius Some sources refer to Hevelius as Polish:Some sources refer to Hevelius as German:*Encyplopedia Britannica * of the Royal Society was a councilor and mayor of Danzig , Pomeranian Voivodeship, in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth...
(1611 – 1687) - Antony HewishAntony HewishAntony Hewish FRS is a British radio astronomer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974 for his work on the development of radio aperture synthesis and its role in the discovery of pulsars...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1924 – ) - George William HillGeorge William HillGeorge William Hill , was an American astronomer and mathematician.Hill was born in New York City, New York to painter and engraver John William Hill. and Catherine Smith Hill. He moved to West Nyack with his family when he was eight years old. After attending high school, Hill graduated from...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1838 – 1914) - John Russell HindJohn Russell HindJohn Russell Hind FRS was an English astronomer.- Life and work :John Russell Hind was born in 1823 in Nottingham, the son of lace manufacturer John Hind, and was educated at Nottingham High School...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1823 – 1895) - HipparchusHipparchusHipparchus, the common Latinization of the Greek Hipparkhos, can mean:* Hipparchus, the ancient Greek astronomer** Hipparchic cycle, an astronomical cycle he created** Hipparchus , a lunar crater named in his honour...
(NicaeaIznikİznik is a city in Turkey which is primarily known as the site of the First and Second Councils of Nicaea, the first and seventh Ecumenical councils in the early history of the Church, the Nicene Creed, and as the capital city of the Empire of Nicaea...
, circa 190 BC – 120 BC) - Masanori HirasawaMasanori Hirasawais a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids. Working with Shohei Suzuki at Mount Nyukasa Station, Hirasawa discovered 52 minor planets between 1991 and 1998. Both men are graduates of Waseda University, which they named an asteroid after in 1991. Hirasawa is also a...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Kiyotsugu HirayamaKiyotsugu Hirayamawas a Japanese astronomer, best known for his discovery that many asteroid orbits were more similar to one another than chance would allow, leading to the concept of asteroid families, now called "Hirayama families" in his honour....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1874 – 1943) - Shin HirayamaShin Hirayamawas the first Japanese astronomer to discover an asteroid. In 1900 he discovered 498 Tokio and 727 Nipponia.The crater Hirayama on the Moon is jointly named after him and Kiyotsugu Hirayama.-References:* at www12.plala.or.jp...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1868 – 1945) - Gustave-Adolphe HirnGustave-Adolphe HirnGustave-Adolphe Hirn was a French physicist, astronomer. mathematician and engineer who made important measurements of the mechanical equivalent of heat and contributions to the early development of thermodynamics...
(France, 1815 – 1890) - Sebastian von HoernerSebastian von HoernerSebastian Rudolf Karl von Hoerner was a German astrophysicist and radio astronomer.Born in Görlitz, Lower Silesia, he was influential in discussions of SETI...
(Germany), 1919 – 2003) - Cuno HoffmeisterCuno HoffmeisterCuno Hoffmeister was a German astronomerand founder of Sonneberg Observatory.Born in Sonneberg in 1892, Hoffmeister obtained his first telescope in 1905 and became an avid amateur astronomer. After his father lost most of his money in 1914, Hoffmeister had to leave school in 1916 to start an...
(Germany, 1892 – 1968) - Dorrit HoffleitDorrit HoffleitEllen Dorrit Hoffleit was an American senior research astronomer at Yale University.Hoffleit was born in Florence, Alabama and earned her Ph.D. in astronomy from Radcliffe College in 1938. Starting as a research assistant at the Harvard College Observatory in 1929, she was hired as an astronomer...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1907 – 2007 ) - Helen Sawyer HoggHelen Sawyer HoggHelen Battles Sawyer Hogg, CC was a prolific astronomer noted for her research into globular clusters...
(CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, 1905 – 1993) - Minoru HondaMinoru Hondawas a Japanese amateur astronomer.He discovered twelve comets between 1940 and 1968, including the periodic comet 45P/Honda-Mrkos-Pajdušáková.He was the first to report the very bright V1500 Cygni at magnitude 3.0 on August 29, 1975; it peaked at 2.0, and many hundreds of independent discoveries...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1917 –1990) - Kamil HornochKamil HornochKamil Hornoch is a Czech amateur astronomer who discovered dozens of novae in nearby galaxies. The main belt asteroid 14124 Kamil is named in his honour.-Astronomy:...
(Czech RepublicCzech RepublicThe Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
, 1972 – ) - Jeremiah HorrocksJeremiah HorrocksJeremiah Horrocks , sometimes given as Jeremiah Horrox , was an English astronomer who was the only person to predict, and one of only two people to observe and record, the transit of Venus of 1639.- Life and work :Horrocks was born in Lower Lodge, in...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, c1619 – 1641) - Cornelis Johannes van HoutenCornelis Johannes van HoutenCornelis Johannes van Houten was a Dutch astronomer, sometimes referred to as Kees van Houten.Born in The Hague, he spent his entire career at Leiden University except for a brief period as research assistant at Yerkes Observatory...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1920 – 2002) - Ingrid van Houten-GroeneveldIngrid van Houten-GroeneveldIngrid van Houten-Groeneveld is a Dutch astronomer.In a jointly-credited trio with Tom Gehrels and her husband Cornelis Johannes van Houten, she was an extremely prolific discoverer of many thousands of asteroids...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
) - Martin van den HoveMartin van den HoveMartin van den Hove was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician. His adopted Latin name is a translation of the Dutch hof , in Latin horta.-Early life:...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1605 – 1639) - Fred HoyleFred HoyleSir Fred Hoyle FRS was an English astronomer and mathematician noted primarily for his contribution to the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis and his often controversial stance on other cosmological and scientific matters—in particular his rejection of the "Big Bang" theory, a term originally...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1915 – 2001) - Edwin Powell HubbleEdwin HubbleEdwin Powell Hubble was an American astronomer who profoundly changed the understanding of the universe by confirming the existence of galaxies other than the Milky Way - our own galaxy...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1889 – 1953) - William HugginsWilliam HugginsSir William Huggins, OM, KCB, FRS was an English amateur astronomer best known for his pioneering work in astronomical spectroscopy.-Biography:...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1824 – 1910) - Russell Alan HulseRussell Alan HulseRussell Alan Hulse is an American physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with his thesis advisor Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., "for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation"...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1950 – ) - Hendrik Christoffel van de HulstHendrik C. van de HulstHendrik Christoffel "Henk" van de Hulst FRS was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician....
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1918 – 2000) - Milton Lasell Humason (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1891 – 1972) - Thomas John HusseyThomas John HusseyThomas John Hussey was an English clergyman and astronomer.-Background and education:T.J. Hussey was born in Lamberhurst, Kent, the only son of Rev. John Hussey and Catherine Jennings. The Husseys were an old, armigerous, Anglo-Norman family and substantial local landowners, the Rev. Hussey being...
(England, 1792 – 1854) - Christiaan Huygens (NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1629 – 1695) - Yuji HyakutakeYuji Hyakutakewas a Japanese amateur astronomer who discovered Comet Hyakutake on January 30, 1996 while using 25×150 binoculars.His only other discovery was comet C/1995 Y1. The media has stated that Hyakutake became interested in astronomy after seeing Comet Ikeya-Seki .He died in 2002, at age 51, of an...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1950 – 2002) - Josef Allen HynekJ. Allen HynekDr. Josef Allen Hynek was a United States astronomer, professor, and ufologist. He is perhaps best remembered for his UFO research. Hynek acted as scientific adviser to UFO studies undertaken by the U.S. Air Force under three consecutive names: Project Sign , Project Grudge , and Project Blue Book...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1910 – 1986) - Tivadar Haeffner (Austria-HungaryAustria-HungaryAustria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...
/Federal Republic of Germany, 1896 - ?)
I
- Icko Iben, Jr.Icko IbenIcko Iben, Jr. is an American astronomer and a Distinguished Professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Iben received his PhD from the University of Illinois in 1958...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1931 – ) - Kaoru IkeyaKaoru Ikeyais a Japanese amateur astronomer who discovered a number of comets.As a young adult, Ikeya lived near Lake Hamana and worked for a piano factory. During his employment there, he made his first discovery in 1963 with an optical telescope he built himself within his low budget...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1943 –) - Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes (ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
/South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
, 1861 – 1933) - Shigeru InodaShigeru Inodais a Japanese astronomer.He has discovered a number of asteroids. Except for 3394 Banno, they were all co-discovered with Takeshi Urata. Asteroid 5484 Inoda is named after him.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Edward IsraelEdward Israel-Early years:Israel was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan on July 1, 1859. He was the son of Mannes and Tillie Israel, the first Jews to settle in Kalamazoo...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1859 – 1884) - Iwahashi ZenbeiIwahashi Zenbeiwas a Japanese scientist and optician.-Biography:He was born in Kaizuka, Osaka in a merchant family, became independent to be an optician, then was interested in natural science and learned scientific methodology and physics from Minagawa Kien, a scholar of I Ching, in Kyoto...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1756 – 1811) - Masayuki IwamotoMasayuki Iwamotois a Japanese astronomer. He has discovered a number of asteroids.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Shun-ei IzumikawaShun-ei Izumikawais a Japanese astronomer and the discoverer of several asteroids.For example, 5239 Reiki and 27748 Vivianhoette are two of those discoveries.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
)
J
- Cyril V. JacksonCyril V. JacksonCyril Jackson was a South African astronomer.He was born in Ossett, Yorkshire in England, but his father emigrated to South Africa in 1911....
(South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
, 1903 – 1988) - Pierre Jules César JanssenPierre Jules César JanssenPierre Jules César Janssen , usually known in French as Jules Janssen, was a French astronomer who, along with the English scientist Joseph Norman Lockyer, is credited with discovering the gas helium....
(France, 1824 – 1907) - James Jeans (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1877 – 1946) - Benjamin JekhowskyBenjamin JekhowskyBenjamin Jekhowsky , died in 1975, Encausse-les-Thermes ) was a Russian-French astronomer, born in Saint-Petersburg in a noble family of a Russian railroad official. After attending Moscow University, he worked at the Paris Observatory beginning in 1912...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
/France/AlgeriaAlgeriaAlgeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
, 1881 – 1953) - Louise Freeland JenkinsLouise Freeland JenkinsLouise Freeland Jenkins was an American astronomer.She was born in Fitchburg, Massachusetts. In 1911 she graduated from Mount Holyoke College, then she received a Master's degree in astronomy in 1917 from the same institution...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1888 – 1970) - David C. JewittDavid C. JewittDavid C. Jewitt is a professor of astronomy formerly at the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy, now at UCLA. He was born in 1958 in England, and is a 1979 graduate of the University of London. Jewitt received an M.Sc. and a Ph.D. in astronomy at the California Institute of Technology in...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1958 – ) - Jiao BingzhenJiao BingzhenJiāo Bǐngzhēn , 1689–1726) was a native of Jining, Shandong who became a noted painter and astronomer. In painting he is noteworthy as one of the first Qing dynasty painters to be influenced by the West. He is also was among the more significant portrait and miniature painters in the early Qing...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, 1689 – 1726) - Alfred Harrison JoyAlfred Harrison JoyAlfred Harrison Joy was an astronomer best known for his work on stellar distances, the radial motion of stars, and variable stars.-Early years:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1882 – 1973) - Vinod JohriVinod JohriVinod Johri is an Indian astrophysicist. He is an eminent cosmologist, a retired professor of astrophysics at Indian Institute of Technology, Madras and an emeritus professor at Lucknow University since 1995. Johri has over 75 research publications and articles published in pioneering journals...
(IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, 1935 – )
K
- Tetsuo KagawaTetsuo Kagawais a Japanese astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids. 6665 Kagawa, an asteroid, was named after him.-External links:*...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Franz KaiserFranz KaiserFranz Kaiser was a German astronomer.He worked at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl Observatory from 1911 to 1914 while working on his Ph.D. there, which he obtained in 1915. During this time Heidelberg was a center of asteroid discovery, and Kaiser discovered a number of asteroids during his time...
(Germany, 1891 – 1962) - Piet van de KampPeter van de KampPiet van de Kamp , known as Peter van de Kamp in the United States, was a Dutch astronomer who lived most of his life in the United States. He was professor of astronomy at Swarthmore College and director of the college's Sproul Observatory from 1937 until 1972...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
/USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1901 – 1995) - Kiyotaka KanaiKiyotaka Kanaiis a Japanese astronomer.He co-discovered asteroid 7752 Otauchunokai.Asteroid 26168 Kanaikiyotaka is named after him.- References :...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1951 –) - Hiroshi KanedaHiroshi Kanedais a Japanese astronomer. He is the eighth most prolific individual discoverer of asteroids. Between 1987 and 2000, Kaneda discovered 705 asteroids. Asteroid 4677 Hiroshi, discovered in 1990, is named after him. Along with being an astronomer, Kaneda has worked as a computer programmer who "has...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1953 –) - Henry KandrupHenry KandrupHenry Emil Kandrup was an American astrophysicist and professor at the University of Florida, Gainesville. His major contributions were in the areas of galaxy dynamics and plasma physics.-Early life and education:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1955 – 2003) - Jacobus KapteynJacobus KapteynJacobus Cornelius Kapteyn, was a Dutch astronomer, best known for his extensive studies of the Milky Way and as the first discoverer of evidence for galactic rotation....
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1851 – 1922) - Lyudmila Georgievna KarachkinaLyudmila Georgievna KarachkinaLyudmila Georgievna Karachkina is a Soviet and Ukrainian astronomer.Working at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory since 1978, she has discovered a number of asteroids, including the Amor asteroid 5324 Lyapunov and the Trojan asteroid 3063 Makhaon. She has received a Ph.D. in astronomy from I. I...
(UkraineUkraineUkraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
) - Ghiyath al-Kashi (Persia, 1380 – 1429)
- Kōyō KawanishiKoyo Kawanishiis a Japanese dentist and amateur astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids. Asteroid 5591 Koyo is named after him.- References :...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1959 –) - Nobuhiro KawasatoNobuhiro Kawasatois a Japanese astronomer. Asteroid 4910 Kawasato is named after him. He also discovered 1989 TM1 with Tsutomu Hioki.-Notes:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - James Edward Keeler (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1857 – 1900) - Johannes KeplerJohannes KeplerJohannes Kepler was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer. A key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution, he is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers, based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican...
(Germany, 1571 – 1630) - Omar KhayyámOmar KhayyámOmar Khayyám was aPersian polymath: philosopher, mathematician, astronomer and poet. He also wrote treatises on mechanics, geography, mineralogy, music, climatology and theology....
(Persia, 1048 – 1131) - Al-KhujandiAl-KhujandiAbu Mahmud Hamid ibn Khidr Khojandi was a Persian astronomer and mathematician who lived in the late 10th century and helped build an observatory near the city of Ray in Iran...
(Persia, 10th century) - Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-KhwārizmīMuhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi'There is some confusion in the literature on whether al-Khwārizmī's full name is ' or '. Ibn Khaldun notes in his encyclopedic work: "The first who wrote upon this branch was Abu ʿAbdallah al-Khowarizmi, after whom came Abu Kamil Shojaʿ ibn Aslam." . 'There is some confusion in the literature on...
, (Persia, 780 – 850) - KidinnuKidinnuKidinnu was a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician. Strabo of Amaseia called him Kidenas, Pliny the Elder Cidenas, and Vettius Valens Kidynas....
(BabylonBabylonBabylon was an Akkadian city-state of ancient Mesopotamia, the remains of which are found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers south of Baghdad...
, 4th century BC ; d. 330 BC?) - Hisashi KimuraHisashi Kimurawas a Japanese astronomer originally from Kanazawa, Ishikawa.He devoted his career to the study and measurement of variation in latitude, building upon the work of Seth Carlo Chandler, who discovered the Chandler wobble. He was director of the International Latitude Observatory at Mizusawa,...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1870 – 1943) - Daniel KirkwoodDaniel KirkwoodDaniel Kirkwood was an American astronomer.Born in Harford County, Maryland, he was graduated in mathematics from the York County Academy in York, Pennsylvania in 1838...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1814 – 1895) - Robert KirshnerRobert KirshnerRobert Kirshner is the Clowes Professor of Science in the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics at Harvard University. Kirshner has worked in several areas of astronomy including the physics of supernovae, supernova remnants, the Large-scale structure of the cosmos, and the use of Supernovae...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Minoru KizawaMinoru Kizawais a Japanese astronomer.He has discovered or co-discovered a number of asteroids:-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm KlinkerfuesErnst Friedrich Wilhelm KlinkerfuesErnst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues was a German astronomer.-Life:Klinkerfues was born in Hofgeismar, the son of army doctor Johann Reinhard Klinkerfues and his wife Sabine. After the early death of his parents, he was brought up by relatives, and after attending high school qualified as a...
(Germany, 1827 – 1884) - Viktor KnorreViktor KnorreViktor Knorre was a Russian astronomer of German ethnic origin.-Biography and family background:Viktor Knorre was born into a three-generation astronomer family...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1840 – 1919) - Takao KobayashiTakao Kobayashiis an amateur Japanese astronomer who currently works at the Ōizumi Observatory.- Accomplishment :Kobayashi has discovered more than 2000 asteroids using CCD technology, including the Amor asteroids 7358 Oze, , and about nine Trojan asteroids...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1961 – ) - Toru KobayashiToru Kobayashiis/was a Japanese astronomer.He was active in the 1970s, working at Imadate in Fukui Prefecture, Japan.He co-discovered Comet C/1975 N1 ....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Luboš KohoutekLuboš KohoutekLuboš Kohoutek is a Czech astronomer.Kohoutek has been interested with astronomy since high school. He studied physics and astronomy at universities in Brno and Prague...
(1935 – ) - Masahiro KoishikawaMasahiro Koishikawais a Japanese astronomer He has studied both major and minor planets, and has discovered asteroids and comets.- Employment :Koishikawa has been a staff member of the Sendai Astronomical Observatory since 1972. His research is based out of the Sendai's Ayashi station.- Asteroid 6097 :Asteroid 6097...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1952 – ) - Nobuhisa KojimaNobuhisa Kojimais a Japanese astronomer.He discovered the periodic comet 70P/Kojima.Asteroid 4351 Nobuhisa was named after him.-Reference:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1933 – ) - Takuo KojimaTakuo Kojimais an amateur Japanese astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids and discoverer of the periodic comet 70P/Kojima.3644 Kojitaku is named after him....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Yoji KondoYoji Kondois a Japanese astrophysicist who also writes science fiction under the pseudonym Eric Kotani. He edited Requiem: New Collected Works by Robert A. Heinlein and Tributes to the Grand Master , and contributed to New Destinies, Vol. VI/Winter 1988 — Robert A. Heinlein Memorial Issue , after his...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1933 –) - Zdeněk KopalZdenek KopalZdeněk Kopal was a Czech astronomer who mainly worked in England.Kopal was born and grew up in Litomyšl . In his early astronomical career, he studied variable stars and in particular close eclipsing binary stars. He attended Cambridge University and later went to Harvard College Observatory not...
(Czech RepublicCzech RepublicThe Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
, UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1914 – 1993) - August KopffAugust KopffAugust Kopff was a German astronomer who discovered several comets and asteroids. He worked in Heidelberg, then joined the Humboldt University of Berlin where he became the Director of the Institute for Astronomical Calculation.He discovered some comets, including periodic comet 22P/Kopff and the...
(Germany, 1882 – 1960) - Korado KorlevićKorado KorlevicKorado Korlević is a Croatian astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids Korado Korlević (born Poreč, 1958) is a Croatian astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids Korado Korlević (born Poreč, 1958) is a Croatian astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids (1197 as of...
(CroatiaCroatiaCroatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
) - Hiroki KosaiHiroki Kosaiis a Japanese astronomer with the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory. He is best known for helping to popularize astronomy in Japan and for his observations of comets and asteroids, most notably with his co-discovery the comet 1976 XVI. The asteroid 3370 Kohsai is named in his honor.- External links :* *...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1933 – ) - Charles T. KowalCharles T. KowalCharles Thomas Kowal was an American astronomer.He discovered two moons of Jupiter: Leda in 1974 and Themisto in 1975, although the latter was lost and not rediscovered until 2000....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1940 – ) - Robert KraftRobert Kraft (astronomer)Robert Paul "Bob" Kraft is an American astronomer. He has done pioneering work on Cepheid variables, novae, and the chemical evolution of the Milky Way....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1927 – ) - Ľubor KresákLubor KresákĽubor Kresák was a Slovak astronomer.He discovered two comets: the periodic comet 41P/Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresak and the non-periodic C/1954 M2 ....
(SlovakiaSlovakiaThe Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
, 1927 – 1994) - Heinrich KreutzHeinrich KreutzHeinrich Carl Friedrich Kreutz was a German astronomer, most notable for his studies of the orbits of several sungrazing comets, which revealed that they were all related objects, produced when a very large sun-grazing comet fragmented several hundred years previously...
(Germany, 1854 – 1927) - Kazuo KubokawaKazuo Kubokawawas a Japanese astronomer.He co-discovered the asteroid 1139 Atami.During the Japanese period in Taiwan, he was president of the Astronomical Association, Taiwan Branch beginning in 1938. He began to build "New High Mountain Observatory" in 1942, but died the following year.-External links:*...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1903 – 1943) - Marc KuchnerMarc KuchnerMarc Kuchner is an American astrophysicist, a staff member at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. Together with Wesley Traub, he invented the band-limited coronagraph, a design for the proposed Terrestrial Planet Finder telescope, also to be used on the James Webb Space Telescope...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1972 – ) - Gerard KuiperGerard KuiperGerard Peter Kuiper , Netherlands – December 24, 1973, Mexico City) was a Dutch-American astronomer after whom the Kuiper belt was named.-Early life:...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1905 – 1973) - Donald KurtzDonald KurtzDonald Wayne Kurtz is an astronomer known for his research into asteroseismology. He completed his PhD in astronomy at the University of Texas in 1976 before moving to Cape Town, where he became a professor at the University of Cape Town...
(1948 – ) - Reiki KushidaReiki Kushidais a Japanese astronomer.She co-discovered the asteroid 4875 Ingalls. She has also discovered at least 14 supernovas in other galaxies. Asteroid 5239 Reiki is named after her.-External links:* http://www.nayoro-star.jp/photo/tenmondai-houmon/kushida.html...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Yoshio KushidaYoshio Kushidais a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids.He discovered comet 144P/Kushida and was co-discoverer of comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu.-External links:* http://www.nayoro-star.jp/photo/tenmondai-houmon/kushida.html...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1957 – ) - György KulinGyörgy KulinGyörgy Kulin was a Hungarian astronomer.He discovered 21 asteroids and is a co-discoverer of the comet C/1942 C1 ....
(Austria-HungaryAustria-HungaryAustria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...
, 1905 – 1989)
L
- Nicolas Louis de LacailleNicolas Louis de LacailleAbbé Nicolas Louis de Lacaille was a French astronomer.He is noted for his catalogue of nearly 10,000 southern stars, including 42 nebulous objects. This catalogue, called Coelum Australe Stelliferum, was published posthumously in 1763. It introduced 14 new constellations which have since become...
(France, 1713 – 1762) - Claes-Ingvar LagerkvistClaes-Ingvar LagerkvistClaes-Ingvar Lagerkvist is a Swedish astronomer at the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory. He is known for his work on the shapes and spin properties of minor planets....
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
) - Joseph-Louis LagrangeJoseph Louis LagrangeJoseph-Louis Lagrange , born Giuseppe Lodovico Lagrangia, was a mathematician and astronomer, who was born in Turin, Piedmont, lived part of his life in Prussia and part in France, making significant contributions to all fields of analysis, to number theory, and to classical and celestial mechanics...
(France, 1736 – 1813) - Jérôme LalandeJérôme LalandeJoseph Jérôme Lefrançois de Lalande was a French astronomer and writer.-Biography:Lalande was born at Bourg-en-Bresse...
(France, 1732 – 1807) - Johann Heinrich LambertJohann Heinrich LambertJohann Heinrich Lambert was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, philosopher and astronomer.Asteroid 187 Lamberta was named in his honour.-Biography:...
(France, Germany, 1728 – 1777) - Andrew E. LangeAndrew E. LangeAndrew E. Lange was an astrophysicist and Goldberger Professor of Physics at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California. Lange came to Caltech in 1993 and was most recently the chair of the Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy...
(USA, 1957 – 2010) - Samuel Pierpont LangleySamuel Pierpont LangleySamuel Pierpont Langley was an American astronomer, physicist, inventor of the bolometer and pioneer of aviation...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1834 – 1906) - Pierre-Simon LaplacePierre-Simon LaplacePierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace was a French mathematician and astronomer whose work was pivotal to the development of mathematical astronomy and statistics. He summarized and extended the work of his predecessors in his five volume Mécanique Céleste...
(France, 1749 – 1827) - William LassellWilliam LassellWilliam Lassell FRS was an English merchant and astronomer.Born in Bolton and educated in Rochdale after the death of his father, he was apprenticed from 1814 to 1821 to a merchant in Liverpool. He then made his fortune as a beer brewer, which enabled him to indulge his interest in astronomy...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1799 – 1880) - A. LaurentA. LaurentA. Laurent was a Frenchman who discovered the asteroid 51 Nemausa in 1858.He never made any more asteroid discoveries and not much more seems to be known about him...
(France) - Henrietta Swan LeavittHenrietta Swan LeavittHenrietta Swan Leavitt was an American astronomer. A graduate of Radcliffe College, Leavitt went to work in 1893 at the Harvard College Observatory in a menial capacity as a "computer", assigned to count images on photographic plates...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1868 – 1921) - Typhoon LeeTyphoon LeeTyphoon Lee is an astrophysicist and geochemist at Academia Sinica, Taiwan, Republic of China, where he specializes in isotope geochemistry and nuclear astrophysics .Lee received his Ph.D in astronomy at the University of Texas in 1977....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
and TaiwanTaiwanTaiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
) - Guillaume Le GentilGuillaume Le GentilGuillaume Joseph Hyacinthe Jean-Baptiste Le Gentil de la Galaisière was a French astronomer.-Biography:...
(France, 1725 – 1792) - Georges LemaîtreGeorges LemaîtreMonsignor Georges Henri Joseph Édouard Lemaître was a Belgian priest, astronomer and professor of physics at the Catholic University of Louvain. He was the first person to propose the theory of the expansion of the Universe, widely misattributed to Edwin Hubble...
(BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, 1894 – 1966) - Pierre LemonnierPierre LemonnierPierre Lemonnier was a French astronomer, a Professor of Physics and Philosophy at the Collège d'Harcourt , and a member of the French Academy of Sciences....
(France, 1715 – 1799)
- Armin Leuschner (Germany, 1868 – 1953)
- Urbain Le Verrier (France, 1811 – 1877)
- David Levy (CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
) - Li Fan (ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, fl. 1st century AD) - Bertil LindbladBertil LindbladBertil Lindblad Bertil Lindblad Bertil Lindblad (Örebro, 26 November 1895 – Saltsjöbaden (outside Stockholm, 25 June 1965) was a Swedish astronomer.After finishing his secondary education at Örebro högre allmänna läroverk, Lindblad matriculated at Uppsala University in 1914...
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1895 – 1965) - Adolph Friedrich LindemannAdolph Friedrich LindemannAdolph Friedrich Lindemann was a German-born, British engineer, businessman, and amateur astronomer.-Life:Lindemann was born in the Palatinate to a Roman Catholic family established in Alsace-Lorraine under the Comte de Lindemann, who had married into the Cyprien-Fabre shipping family...
(Germany/UK, 1846 – 1927) - Chris LintottChris LintottChristopher John Lintott is an English astrophysicist currently serving as the Director of Citizen Science at the Adler Planetarium. He is a post-doctoral researcher who is involved in a number of popular science projects aimed at bringing astronomical science to a wider audience...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1980 – ) - Joseph Johann LittrowJoseph Johann LittrowJoseph Johann von Littrow was an Austrian astronomer. In 1837, he was ennobled with the title Joseph Johann Edler von Littrow. He was the father of Karl Ludwig Edler von Littrow and the mentor of the mathematician Nikolai Brashman...
(AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, 1781 – 1840) - Karl L. LittrowKarl L. LittrowKarl Ludwig Edler von Littrow was an Austrian astronomer.Born in Kazan, Russian Empire, son of Joseph Johann Littrow. He succeeded his father as director of the Vienna Observatory...
(AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, 1811 – 1877) - Liu XinLiu XinLiu Xin , later changed name to Liu Xiu , courtesy name Zijun , was a Chinese astronomer, historian, and editor during the Xin Dynasty . He was the son of Confucian scholar Liu Xiang and an associate of other prominent thinkers such as the philosopher Huan Tan...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, fl. 1st century AD) - Joseph Lockyer (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1836 – 1920) - Maurice LoewyMaurice LoewyMaurice Loewy was a French astronomer.Born in Mariánské Lázne, in what is now the Czech Republic, Loewy's Jewish parents moved to Vienna in 1841 to escape the antisemitism of their home town. Loewy became an assistant at the Vienna Observatory, working on celestial mechanics...
(AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
/France, 1833 – 1907) - Christian Sørensen LongomontanusChristian Sørensen LongomontanusChristen Sørensen Longomontanus was a Danish astronomer.The name Longomontanus was a Latinized form of the name of the village of Lomborg, Jutland, Denmark, where he was born. His father, a laborer called Søren, or Severin, died when he was eight years old...
(DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, 1562 – 1647) - Percival LowellPercival LowellPercival Lawrence Lowell was a businessman, author, mathematician, and astronomer who fueled speculation that there were canals on Mars, founded the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, and formed the beginning of the effort that led to the discovery of Pluto 14 years after his death...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1855 – 1916) - Àngel LópezÁngel LópezÁngel Domingo López Ruano, simply Ángel , is a Spanish footballer who plays for Villarreal CF. An offensive right back, he can also operate as a midfielder.-Club career:...
(Spain) - Álvaro López-GarcíaÁlvaro López-GarcíaÁlvaro López-García is a Spanish astronomer who has discovered more than 100 asteroids from the early 1980s to present.-References:...
(Spain) - John William Lubbock (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1803 – 1865) - Knut LundmarkKnut LundmarkKnut Emil Lundmark was a Swedish astronomer, professor of astronomy and head of the observatory at Lund University 1929–1955....
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1889 – 1958) - Robert Luther (Germany, 1822 – 1900)
- Lupitus of BarcelonaLupitus of BarcelonaLupitus of Barcelona, identified with a Christian archdeacon called Sunifred, was an astronomer in late 10th century Barcelona, then part of the Marca Hispanica between Islamic Al-Andalus and Christian France .Lupitus was instrumental in the transfer of Arabic mathematics, including the...
(Spain) - Jane LuuJane Luu-Early life:Luu was born in 1963 in South Vietnam to a father who worked as a translator for the U.S. Army. Her father taught her French as a child, beginning her lifelong love of languages....
(South VietnamSouth VietnamSouth Vietnam was a state which governed southern Vietnam until 1975. It received international recognition in 1950 as the "State of Vietnam" and later as the "Republic of Vietnam" . Its capital was Saigon...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
1965 – ) - Willem Luyten (Dutch East IndiesDutch East IndiesThe Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Netherlands government in 1800....
, NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1899 – 1994) - Donald Lynden-BellDonald Lynden-BellDonald Lynden-Bell CBE FRS is an English astrophysicist, best known for his theories that galaxies contain massive black holes at their centre, and that such black holes are the principal source of energy in quasars. He was a co-recipient, with Maarten Schmidt, of the inaugural Kavli Prize for...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1935 – ) - Andrew LyneAndrew LyneAndrew G. Lyne FRS is a British physicist. Lyne is Langworthy Professor of Physics in the School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, as well as an ex-director of the Jodrell Bank Observatory. Despite retiring in 2007 he remains an active researcher within the Jodrell Bank Pulsar...
- (UK, 1942) - Bernard LyotBernard LyotBernard Ferdinand Lyot was a French astronomer.His interest in astronomy started in 1914. He soon acquired a telescope and soon upgraded to a . From graduation in 1918 until 1929, he worked as a demonstrator at the Ecole Polytechnique...
(France, 1897 – 1952)
M
- Ma YizeMa YizeMa Yize was an important Arab-Chinese Islamic astronomer and astrologist who worked as the chief official of the astronomical observatory for the Song dynasty....
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, 910 – 1005) - Adriaan van MaanenAdriaan Van MaanenAdriaan van Maanen was a Dutch–American astronomer.Van Maanen, born into a well-to-do family in Friesland, studied astronomy at the University of Utrecht and worked briefly at the University of Groningen...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1884 – 1946) - George Parker, 2nd Earl of MacclesfieldGeorge Parker, 2nd Earl of MacclesfieldGeorge Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield, FRS was an English peer and astronomer.Styled Viscount Parker from 1721 to 1732, he was Member of Parliament for Wallingford from 1722 to 1727, but his interests were not in politics...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, c. 1697 – 1764) - Amy MainzerAmy MainzerAmy Mainzer is an American astronomer, specializing in astrophysical instrumentation and infrared astronomy. She is the Deputy Project Scientist for the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and the Principal Investigator for the NEOWISE project to study minor planets. She has appeared a number of...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Steve MandelSteve MandelSteve Mandel is an American communications coach for professional executives, the founder and the president of the Mandel Communications company, which aims to teach effective communication and public speaking. He is also a keen amateur astronomer and astrophotographer. He owns a small observatory,...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Geoff Marcy (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1954 – ) - Simon MariusSimon MariusSimon Marius was a German astronomer. He was born in Gunzenhausen, near Nuremberg, but he spent most of his life in the city of Ansbach....
(Germany, 1573 – 1624) - Brian Marsden (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1937 – 2010) - Albert MarthAlbert MarthAlbert Marth was a German astronomer who worked in England and Ireland.He came to England in 1853 to work for George Bishop, a rich wine merchant and patron of astronomy. At that time, paid jobs in astronomy were quite rare....
(Germany, 1828 – 1897) - Nevil MaskelyneNevil MaskelyneThe Reverend Dr Nevil Maskelyne FRS was the fifth English Astronomer Royal. He held the office from 1765 to 1811.-Biography:...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1732 – 1811) - Charles MasonCharles MasonCharles Mason was an English astronomer who made significant contributions to 18th-century science and American history, particularly through his involvement with the survey of the Mason-Dixon line, which came to mark the division between the northern and southern United States...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1730 – 1787) - John C. MatherJohn C. MatherJohn Cromwell Mather is an American astrophysicist, cosmologist and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his work on the Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite with George Smoot. COBE was the first experiment to measure ".....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1946 – ) - Janet Akyüz MatteiJanet Akyüz MatteiJanet Akyüz Mattei was a Turkish American astronomer, educated in both Turkey and the United States and with a U.S. career, who was the director of the American Association of Variable Star Observers from 1973 to 2004....
(TurkeyTurkeyTurkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
/USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1943 – 2004) - Edward Walter MaunderEdward Walter MaunderEdward Walter Maunder was an English astronomer best remembered for his study of sunspots and the solar magnetic cycle that led to his identification of the period from 1645 to 1715 that is now known as the Maunder Minimum....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1851 – 1928) - Pierre Louis MaupertuisPierre Louis MaupertuisPierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis was a French mathematician, philosopher and man of letters. He became the Director of the Académie des Sciences, and the first President of the Berlin Academy of Science, at the invitation of Frederick the Great....
(France, 1698 – 1759) - Alain MauryAlain MauryAlain J. Maury is a French astronomer.He discovered the periodic comet 115P/Maury as well as the non-periodic C/1988 C1 ....
(France) - Matthew Fontaine MauryMatthew Fontaine MauryMatthew Fontaine Maury , United States Navy was an American astronomer, historian, oceanographer, meteorologist, cartographer, author, geologist, and educator....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1806 – 1873) - Brian MayBrian MayBrian Harold May, CBE is an English musician and astrophysicist most widely known as the guitarist and a songwriter of the rock band Queen...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1947 – ) - Cornell MayerCornell MayerCornell H. Mayer was a radio astronomer, who famously was the first to accurately measure the temperature of Venus by measuring the planet's thermal radiation.Born in Ossian, Iowa, Mayer graduated from the University of Iowa in 1943....
(USA, 1922 – 2005) - Tobias MayerTobias MayerTobias Mayer was a German astronomer famous for his studies of the Moon.He was born at Marbach, in Württemberg, and brought up at Esslingen in poor circumstances. A self-taught mathematician, he had already published two original geometrical works when, in 1746, he entered J.B. Homann's...
(Germany, 1723 – 1762) - Michel MayorMichel MayorDr. Michel G. E. Mayor is a Swiss astrophysicist and professor emeritus at the University of Geneva's Department of Astronomy. He formally retired in 2007, but remains active as a researcher at the Observatory of Geneva...
(SwitzerlandSwitzerlandSwitzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
, 1942 – ) - Christopher McKeeChristopher McKeeChristopher Fulton McKee is an astrophysicist.McKee obtained a Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1970 under advisor George B. Field. In 1974, he was appointed Professor of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Berkeley. He is a member of the National Academy of...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1942 – ) - Robert S. McMillanRobert S. McMillanRobert S. McMillan is an astronomer at the University of Arizona, and heads the Spacewatch project, which studies minor planets. He has made various discoveries, including notably 20000 Varuna....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - William H. McCrea (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1904 – 1999) - Bruce A. McIntoshBruce A. McIntoshBruce A. McIntosh worked at the Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.His main area of research is meteors and asteroids. He was awarded The Czech Academy of Science gold medal for joint research on meteors with the Czechs...
(CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, 1929 – ) - Robert H. McNaughtRobert H. McNaughtRobert H. McNaught is a Scottish-Australian astronomer at the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics of the Australian National University. He has collaborated with David J. Asher of the Armagh Observatory....
(AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
) - Pierre MéchainPierre MéchainPierre François André Méchain was a French astronomer and surveyor who, with Charles Messier, was a major contributor to the early study of deep sky objects and comets.-Life:...
(France, 1744 – 1804) - Thebe MedupeThebe MedupeThebe Rodney Medupe is a South African astrophysicist and founding director of Astronomy Africa. He is perhaps best known for his work on the Cosmic Africa project that attempts to reconcile science and myth.-Biography:...
(South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
) - Karen Jean MeechKaren Jean MeechKaren J. Meech is an astronomer at the Institute for Astronomy in the University of Hawaii. Meech specializes in planetary astronomy, in particular the study of distant comets and their relation to the early solar system...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Aden Baker MeinelAden MeinelAden B. Meinel was an American astronomer. He retired in 1993 as a Distinguished Scientist at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. He also held the rank of Professor Emeritus at the University of Arizona College of Optical Sciences...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1922 – ) - Fulvio MeliaFulvio MeliaFulvio Melia is an Italian-American astrophysicist and author. He is Professor of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Arizona and Associate Editor of the Astrophysical Journal Letters...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1956 – ) - Philibert Jacques MelottePhilibert Jacques MelottePhilibert Jacques Melotte was a British astronomer whose parents immigrated from Belgium.In 1908 he discovered a moon of Jupiter, today known as Pasiphaë. It was simply designated "Jupiter VIII" and was not given its present name until 1975.The asteroid 676 Melitta, the only one he discovered, is...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1880 – 1961) - Paul Willard Merrill (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1887 – 1961) - David MerrittDavid MerrittDavid Merritt is an American astrophysicist and professor at the Rochester Institute of Technology in Rochester, New York. He received his PhD in Astrophysical Sciences from Princeton University and held postdoctoral positions at the University of California, Berkeley and the Canadian Institute...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Charles MessierCharles MessierCharles Messier was a French astronomer most notable for publishing an astronomical catalogue consisting of deep sky objects such as nebulae and star clusters that came to be known as the 110 "Messier objects"...
(France, 1730 – 1817) - Joel Hastings MetcalfJoel Hastings MetcalfJoel Hastings Metcalf was an American astronomer.Metcalf graduated from Harvard Divinity School in 1892. He served as a Unitarian minister in Burlington, Vermont and then later in Taunton, Massachusetts, Winchester, Massachusetts and Portland, Maine.He discovered or co-discovered several comets,...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1866 – 1925) - Andreas Gerasimos MichalitsianosAndreas Gerasimos MichalitsianosDr. Andreas 'Andy' Gerasimos Michalitsianos was a Greek-American astronomer and a NASA astrophysicist, also known and published as Andrew G. Michalitsianos....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1947 – 1997) - John MichellJohn MichellJohn Michell was an English natural philosopher and geologist whose work spanned a wide range of subjects from astronomy to geology, optics, and gravitation. He was both a theorist and an experimenter....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1724 – 1793) - Elia MillosevichElia MillosevichElia Filippo Francesco Giuseppe Maria Millosevich , was an Italian astronomer.He specialized in calculating the orbits of comets and asteroids, in particular 433 Eros....
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1848 – 1919) - Edward Arthur Milne (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1896 – 1950) - Rudolph MinkowskiRudolph MinkowskiRudolph Minkowski was a German-American astronomer. His father was the physiologist Oskar Minkowski and his uncle was Hermann Minkowski....
(Germany, 1895 – 1976) - Marcel Gilles Jozef MinnaertMarcel MinnaertMarcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert was a Belgian astronomer.He obtained a PhD in biology at Ghent University in 1914....
(BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1893 – 1970) - Maria MitchellMaria MitchellMaria Mitchell was an American astronomer, who in 1847, by using a telescope, discovered a comet which as a result became known as the "Miss Mitchell's Comet". She won a gold medal prize for her discovery which was presented to her by King Frederick VII of Denmark. The medal said “Not in vain do...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1818 – 1889) - Seidai MiyasakaSeidai Miyasakais a Japanese astronomer. Miyasaka has discovered a few asteroids. The minor planet 3555 Miyasaka was named after him.-Further reading:*Schmadel, Lutz D.: Dictionary of minor planet names, Edition: 5. Page 299, .-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1955 – ) - Yoshikane MizunoYoshikane Mizunois a Japanese astronomer and a prolific discoverer of asteroids.Asteroid 4541 Mizuno is named after him.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - August Ferdinand MöbiusAugust Ferdinand MöbiusAugust Ferdinand Möbius was a German mathematician and theoretical astronomer.He is best known for his discovery of the Möbius strip, a non-orientable two-dimensional surface with only one side when embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space. It was independently discovered by Johann Benedict...
(Germany, 1790 – 1868) - Anthony MoffatAnthony MoffatAnthony F. J. Moffat is an emeritus professor of astronomy at the Université de Montréal in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Dr. Moffat was appointed as a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2001. Dr...
(Canada) - Johan Maurits MohrJohan Maurits Mohrthumbnail|right|Mohr observatory in [[Jakarta|Batavia]] .Johan Maurits Mohr was a Dutch-German pastor who studied at Groningen University from 1733 and settled in Batavia in 1737...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1716 – 1775) - Samuel MolyneuxSamuel MolyneuxSamuel Molyneux FRS , son of William Molyneux, was an 18th-century member of the British parliament from Kew and an amateur astronomer whose work with James Bradley attempting to measure stellar parallax led to the discovery of the aberration of light...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1689 – 1728) - Geminiano MontanariGeminiano Montanarithumb|150px|Geminiano Montanari.Geminiano Montanari was an Italian astronomer, lens-maker, and proponent of the experimental approach to science....
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1633 – 1687) - Patrick MoorePatrick MooreSir Patrick Alfred Caldwell-Moore, CBE, FRS, FRAS is a British amateur astronomer who has attained prominent status in astronomy as a writer, researcher, radio commentator and television presenter of the subject, and who is credited as having done more than any other person to raise the profile of...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1923 – ) - William Wilson MorganWilliam Wilson MorganWilliam Wilson Morgan was an American astronomer.The principal theme in Morgan's work was the study of stellar and galaxy classification. Along...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1906 – 1994) - Hiroshi MoriHiroshi Mori (astronomer)is a Japanese astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1958 – ) - Amédée MouchezAmédée MouchezAmédée Ernest Barthélemy Mouchez was a French naval officer who became director of the Paris Observatory and launched the ill-fated Carte du Ciel project in 1887.-Life:...
(France, 1821 – 1892) - Antonín MrkosAntonín MrkosAntonín Mrkos was a Czech astronomer, born in Střemchoví, Czechoslovakia.- Biography :Mrkos entered the University in Brno in 1938. His studies were interrupted by the onset of World War II, and in 1945 he became a staff member at the Skalnaté Pleso Observatory in Slovakia...
(Czech RepublicCzech RepublicThe Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
, 1918 – 1996) - Jean MuellerJean MuellerJean Mueller is an American astronomer.Working at Palomar Observatory, she has discovered a total of 15 comets, including 7 periodic comets 120P/Mueller, 131P/Mueller, 136P/Mueller, 149P/Mueller, 173P/Mueller, 188P/LINEAR-Mueller, 190P/Mueller, and 8 non-periodic comets.She has also discovered 10...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1950 – ) - Masaru MukaiMasaru Mukaiis a Japanese astronomer. He has discovered numerous asteroids....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1949 – ) - Johannes MüllerJohannes MüllerJohannes Müller, Johann Müller or Hans Müller may refer to:* Johannes Müller von Königsberg , known as Regiomontanus, German mathematician and astronomer* Johannes von Müller , Swiss historian...
(Germany, 1436 – 1476) - Harutaro MurakamiHarutaro Murakamiwas a Japanese physicist and astronomer. The crater Murakami on the Moon is named after him.-References:*...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1872 – 1947) - Osamu MuramatsuOsamu Muramatsuis a Japanese astronomer, and is a prolific discoverer of asteroids. He also co-discovered periodic comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu.-External links:*...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1949 – ) - bin Musa, Ahmad (Persia, 805 – 873)
- bin Musa, Hasan (Persia, 810 – 873)
- bin Musa, Muhammad (Persia, (800 – 873)
- Nils MustelinNils MustelinNils Mustelin was a Finnish professor of physics, noted astronomer, and popular sceptic.Mustelin was born in Turku, where he also spent his school years and studies. He matriculated in 1949 and studied physics at Åbo Akademi, graduating as a Ph.D. in 1963...
(FinlandFinlandFinland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
, 1931 – 2004)
N
- Valentin NabothValentin NabothValentin Naboth , known by the latinized name Valentinus Naiboda, was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer.- Life and academic career :...
(Germany, ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1523 – 1593) - NaburimannuNaburimannuNabu-ri-man-nu was a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician.Classical and ancient cuneiform sources mention an astronomer with this name:...
(BabyloniaBabyloniaBabylonia was an ancient cultural region in central-southern Mesopotamia , with Babylon as its capital. Babylonia emerged as a major power when Hammurabi Babylonia was an ancient cultural region in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq), with Babylon as its capital. Babylonia emerged as...
, sometime between 6th century BC and 2nd century BC) - Takeshi NagataTakeshi Nagatawas a Japanese geophysicist. He studied geomagnetism.He won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1987....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1913 – 1991) - Ahmad NahavandiAhmad NahavandiAhmad ibn Muhammad al-Nahavandi was a Persian astronomer of the 8th and 9th centuries. His name indicates that he was from Nahavand, a city in Iran....
(Persia, 7th-8th century) - Akimasa NakamuraAkimasa Nakamurais a Japanese astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids. He has worked extensively at the Kuma Kogen Astronomical Observatory near Kuma, Ehime Prefecture, where he remains a staff member...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1961 – ) - Syuichi NakanoSyuichi Nakanois a Japanese astronomer. He specializes in the study of comets, in particular calculating their orbits and making predictions about when periodic comets will return for another perihelion approach...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1947 – ) - Jayant Narlikar (IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, 1938 – ) - NaubakhtNaubakhtNobakht Ahvazi also transliterated 'Naubakht') and his sons were astrologers from Ahvaz .Nobakht was particularly famous for having led a group of astrologers who picked an auspicious electional chart for the founding of Baghdad. His family also helped design the city...
(Persia, d. 776) - David Naylor (CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
) - Al-fadl ibn NaubakhtAl-fadl ibn NaubakhtAl-Fadl ibn Naubakht, , was an 8th century Persian scholar at the court of the Caliph Harun al-Rashid. He was son of the famous Naubakht, a former Zoroastrian, who had designed Baghdad....
(Persia, 8th century) - Otto Neugebauer (Germany, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1899 – 1990) - Grigoriy Nikolaevich Neujmin (RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1886 – 1946) - Simon NewcombSimon NewcombSimon Newcomb was a Canadian-American astronomer and mathematician. Though he had little conventional schooling, he made important contributions to timekeeping as well as writing on economics and statistics and authoring a science fiction novel.-Early life:Simon Newcomb was born in the town of...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1835 – 1909) - Isaac NewtonIsaac NewtonSir Isaac Newton PRS was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian, who has been "considered by many to be the greatest and most influential scientist who ever lived."...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1643 – 1727) - Seth Barnes NicholsonSeth Barnes NicholsonSeth Barnes Nicholson was an American astronomer.Nicholson was born in Springfield, Illinois and was raised in rural Illinois...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1891 – 1963) - Albertus Antonie NijlandAlbertus Antonie NijlandAlbertus Antonie Nijland was a Dutch astronomer.He was professor of astronomy at the Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht, and served as director of the Sterrewacht Sonnenborgh of the university.In 1901 he participated in a Dutch solar eclipse expedition to Karang Sago, Sumatra.He was...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1868 – 1936) - Tsuneo NiijimaTsuneo Niijimais a Japanese astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids.He co-discovered the periodic comet 112P/Urata-Niijima.Asteroid 5507 Niijima is named after him.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Peter NilsonPeter NilsonPeter Nilson was a Swedish astronomer and novelist. Active at Uppsala University, he compiled a catalogue of galaxies...
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1937 – 1998) - Hōei Nojiri (JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1885 – 1977) - Jaime NomenJaime NomenJaume Nomen Torres is a Catalan astronomer born on June 23, 1960, in Tortosa, Catalonia.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids, professor in the University of Barcelona and an active member of GEA....
(Spain) - Toshiro NomuraToshiro Nomurais a Japanese astronomer. His first name might also be read Toshio.He has discovered or codiscovered 13 asteroids.He is also an earth-science teacher of Nada jr/sr highschool.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1954 – )
O
- Knut Jørgen Røed ØdegaardKnut Jørgen Røed ØdegaardKnut Jørgen Røed Ødegaard is a Norwegian astronomer formerly employed as a media contact at the University of Oslo's Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics...
(NorwayNorwayNorway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
, 1966 – ) - Okuro OikawaOkuro Oikawawas a Japanese astronomer.He discovered 8 asteroids.The asteroid 2667 Oikawa is named after him....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1896 – 1970) - Tarmo OjaTarmo OjaTarmo Oja is a professor in astronomy at Uppsala University who studies galactic structure and variable stars. An asteroid, 5080 Oja, is named after him. He worked at the Kvistaberg Observatory until his retirement in 1999...
(SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
) - Tomimaru OkuniTomimaru Okuniis a Japanese astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids. He has discovered 127 asteroids.The 7769 Okuni asteroid is named in his honour.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1931 – ) - Nicolaus OlahusNicolaus OlahusNicolaus Olahus ; January 10, 1493, Sibiu-January 15, 1568, Trnava/Nagyszombat) was the Archbishop of Esztergom, Primate of Hungary, and a distinguished Roman Catholic prelate.-Early life:...
(Hungarian, 1493 – 1568) - Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus OlbersHeinrich Wilhelm Matthäus OlbersHeinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers was a German physician and astronomer.-Life and career:Olbers was born in Arbergen, near Bremen, and studied to be a physician at Göttingen. After his graduation in 1780, he began practicing medicine in Bremen, Germany...
(Germany, 1758 – 1840) - Gerard O'NeillGerard O'NeillGerard Kitchen O'Neill was an American physicist and space activist. As a faculty member of Princeton University, he invented a device called the particle storage ring for high-energy physics experiments. Later, he invented a magnetic launcher called the mass driver...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1927 – 1992) - Jan Hendrik Oort (NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1900 – 1992) - Pieter OosterhoffPieter OosterhoffPieter Theodorus Oosterhoff was a Dutch astronomer.He was the co-administrator, along with Jan Oort, of the Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands....
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1904 – 1978) - Ernst ÖpikErnst ÖpikErnst Julius Öpik was a noted Estonian astronomer and astrophysicist who spent the second half of his career at the Armagh Observatory in Northern Ireland.-Education:...
(EstoniaEstoniaEstonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies...
, IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
, 1893 – 1985) - José Luis Ortiz MorenoJosé Luis Ortiz MorenoJosé Luis Ortiz Moreno is an astronomer, and former Vicedirector of Technology at the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía , Spain. He leads a team working on minor solar system objects at the Sierra Nevada Observatory in Granada, Spain....
(Spain) - Yoshiaki OshimaYoshiaki Oshimais a Japanese astronomer and prolific discoverer of asteroids.The asteroid 5592 Oshima is named after him.-Works:* Isobe, S., Atsuo, A., Asher, D., Fuse, T., Hashimoto, N., Nakano, S., K. Nishiyama, Y. Oshima, N. Takahashi, J. Terazono, H. Umehara, T. Urata, M. Yoshikawa...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Donald Edward OsterbrockDonald Edward OsterbrockDonald Edward Osterbrock was an American astronomer, best known for his work on star formation and on the history of astronomy.- Biography :Osterbrock was born in Cincinnati. His father was an electrical engineer...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1924 – 2007) - Liisi OtermaLiisi OtermaLiisi Oterma was a Finnish astronomer, the first woman to get a Ph.D. degree in astronomy in Finland.She discovered or co-discovered some comets, including periodic comets 38P/Stephan-Oterma and 39P/Oterma, and quite a number of asteroids. The asteroid 1529 Oterma was named in her honour.-...
(FinlandFinlandFinland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
, 1915 – 2001) - Satoru OtomoSatoru Otomois a Japanese astronomer. According to the Minor Planet Center, he is responsible for the discovery of 149 asteroids between 1991 and 1997, 15 of which were co-discoveries with Osamu Muramatsu. As of 1997, he was tied for 48th place with Tamara Mikhailovna Smirnova in the MPC's asteroid discovery...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1913 – ) - Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans (NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1827 – 1906)
P
- Rafael PachecoRafael PachecoRafael Pacheco is a Spanish astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids.-References:*...
(Spain) - Bohdan PaczyńskiBohdan PaczynskiBohdan Paczyński or Bohdan Paczynski was a Polish astronomer, a leading scientist in theory of the evolution of stars, accretion discs and gamma ray bursts....
(PolandPolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, 1940 – 2007) - Ľudmila PajdušákováLudmila PajdušákováĽudmila Pajdušáková was a Slovak astronomer.She specialized in solar astronomy, and also discovered a number of comets, including periodic comet 45P/Honda-Mrkos-Pajdušáková, and the non-periodic C/1946 K1 , C/1948 E1 , C/1951 C1 and C/1953 X1 .She observed at Skalnaté Pleso...
(SlovakiaSlovakiaThe Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
, 1916 – 1979) - Johann PalisaJohann PalisaJohann Palisa was an Austrian astronomer, born in Opava in Austrian Silesia .He was a prolific discoverer of asteroids, discovering 122 in all, from 136 Austria in 1874 to 1073 Gellivara in 1923...
(AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, 1848 – 1925) - Johann Palitzsch (Germany, 1723 – 1788)
- Anton Pannekoek (NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1873 – 1960) - Eugene ParkerEugene ParkerEugene N. Parker is an American solar astrophysicist who received his B.S. degree in physics from Michigan State University in 1948 and Ph.D. from Caltech in 1951. In the mid 1950s Parker developed the theory on the supersonic solar wind and predicted the Parker spiral shape of the solar magnetic...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1927 – ) - George Parker, 2nd Earl of MacclesfieldGeorge Parker, 2nd Earl of MacclesfieldGeorge Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield, FRS was an English peer and astronomer.Styled Viscount Parker from 1721 to 1732, he was Member of Parliament for Wallingford from 1722 to 1727, but his interests were not in politics...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, c. 1697 – 1764) - William Parsons, Lord RosseWilliam Parsons, 3rd Earl of RosseWilliam Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, Knight of the Order of St Patrick was an Irish astronomer who had several telescopes built. His 72-inch telescope "Leviathan", built 1845, was the world's largest telescope until the early 20th century.-Life:He was born in Yorkshire, England, in the city of...
(IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
, 1800 – 1867) - André PatryAndré PatryAndré Patry was a French astronomer.Patry was orphaned at a young age, and began working at the Observatoire de Nice aged 17. He studied asteroids and discovered several himself. The Asteroid 1601 Patry is named after him.-Obituary:*...
(France, 1902 – 1960) - Cecilia Payne-GaposchkinCecilia Payne-Gaposchkin-Further reading:*Rubin, Vera , "Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin" in OUT OF THE SHADOWS: Contributions of 20th Century Women to Physics, Nina Byers and Gary Williams, ed., Cambridge University Press ....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1900 – 1979) - James Peebles (CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1935 – ) - Leslie Copus PeltierLeslie PeltierLeslie Copus Peltier was an American astronomer.He was born in Delphos, Ohio. An amateur astronomer, he was a prolific discoverer of comets and also a persistent observer of variable stars and member of the AAVSO...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1900 – 1980) - Roger PenroseRoger PenroseSir Roger Penrose OM FRS is an English mathematical physicist and Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford and Emeritus Fellow of Wadham College...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1931 – ) - Arno Penzias (Germany, 1933 – )
- Saul PerlmutterSaul PerlmutterSaul Perlmutter is an American astrophysicist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Charles Dillon PerrineCharles Dillon PerrineCharles Dillon Perrine was an American astronomer living in Argentina.Born in Steubenville, Ohio, a son of Peter and Elizabeth McCauley Perrine, and a descendant of Daniel Perrin, "The Huguenot", he worked at Lick Observatory from 1893 to 1909 and then was director of the Argentine National...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
, 1867 – 1951) - Henri Joseph Anastase PerrotinHenri Joseph Anastase PerrotinHenri Joseph Anastase Perrotin was a French astronomer. Some sources give his middle name as Athanase....
(France, 1845 – 1904) - Christian Heinrich Friedrich PetersChristian Heinrich Friedrich PetersChristian Heinrich Friedrich Peters was a German-American astronomer, and one of the first to discover asteroids....
(Germany, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1813 – 1890) - George Henry PetersGeorge Henry PetersGeorge Henry Peters was an US astronomer. He died in Washington, D.C.He worked at the U.S. Naval Observatory as an astrophotographer, discovering three asteroids and photographing the Sun's corona.-External links:* -Obituary:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1863 – 1947) - Mark M. PhillipsMark M. PhillipsMark M. Phillips is internationally recognized astronomer in the observational studies of all classes of supernovae. He is well known for his work on SN1986G, SN1987A, the Calán/Tololo Supernova Survey, the High-Z Supernova Search Team, and especially for the Phillips relationship...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1951 – ) - Giuseppe PiazziGiuseppe PiazziGiuseppe Piazzi was an Italian Catholic priest of the Theatine order, mathematician, and astronomer. He was born in Ponte in Valtellina, and died in Naples. He established an observatory at Palermo, now the Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo – Giuseppe S...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1746 – 1826) - Edward Charles PickeringEdward Charles PickeringEdward Charles Pickering was an American astronomer and physicist, brother of William Henry Pickering.Along with Carl Vogel, Pickering discovered the first spectroscopic binary stars. He wrote Elements of Physical Manipulations .Pickering attended Boston Latin School, and received his B.S. from...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1846 – 1919) - William Henry PickeringWilliam Henry PickeringWilliam Henry Pickering was an American astronomer, brother of Edward Charles Pickering. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1883.-Work:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1858 – 1938) - Maynard PittendreighMaynard PittendreighThe Rev. Dr. W. Maynard Pittendreigh is an astronomer, writer and an ordained minister in the Presbyterian Church . As a minister, he has been a pioneer and leader in a movement toward multi-cultural/racial congregations, and in developing early Internet-based ministries.William Maynard...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1954 – ) - Phil Plait (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Giovanni Antonio Amedeo PlanaGiovanni Antonio Amedeo PlanaGiovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana was an Italian astronomer and mathematician.He was born in Voghera, Italy to Antonio Maria Plana and Giacoboni. At the age of 15 he was sent to live with his uncles in Grenoble to complete his education. In 1800 he entered the École Polytechnique, and was one of the...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1781 – 1864) - Petrus PlanciusPetrus PlanciusPetrus Plancius was a Dutch astronomer, cartographer and clergyman. He was born as Pieter Platevoet in Dranouter, now in Heuvelland, West Flanders. He studied theology in Germany and England...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1552 – 1622) - John Stanley PlaskettJohn Stanley PlaskettJohn Stanley Plaskett FRS was a Canadian astronomer.He worked as a machinist, and was offered a job as a mechanician at the Department of Physics at the University of Toronto, constructing apparatuses and assisting with demonstrations during lectures...
(CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, 1865 – 1941) - Norman Robert Pogson (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1829 – 1891) - Christian PollasChristian PollasChristian Pollas is a French astronomer.He has discovered tens of asteroids, some co-discovered with Eric W. Elst, including notably the Aten asteroid 1989 UQ, the Apollo asteroid 4179 Toutatis, and the Amor asteroid 1990 VB....
(France) - John PondJohn PondJohn Pond FRS was a renowned English astronomer who became the sixth Astronomer Royal, serving from 1811 to 1835.- Biography :...
(England, 1767 – 1836) - Jean-Louis PonsJean-Louis PonsJean-Louis Pons was a French astronomer.Despite humble beginnings and being self-taught, he went on to become the greatest visual comet discoverer of all time: between 1801 and 1827 Pons discovered thirty-seven comets, more than any other person in history.- Early life :Pons was born at Peyre,...
(France, 1761 – 1831) - Vladimír PorubčanVladimír PorubcanProf. RNDr. Vladimír Porubčan, DrSc., is a Slovak astronomer. He is a member of Astronomical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Department of Interplanetary Matter. His field of interest contains meteors, meteor streams, meteorites, asteroids, and comets. His significant works along with...
(SlovakiaSlovakiaThe Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
, 1940 – ) - Charles PritchardCharles PritchardCharles Pritchard was a British astronomer.He was born at Alberbury, Shropshire. At sixteen he was enrolled as a sizar at St John's College, Cambridge, graduating in 1830 as fourth wrangler. In 1832 he was elected a fellow of his college, and in the following year he was ordained, and became head...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1808 – 1893) - Richard Proctor (England, 1837 – 1888)
- PtolemyPtolemyClaudius Ptolemy , was a Roman citizen of Egypt who wrote in Greek. He was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology. He lived in Egypt under Roman rule, and is believed to have been born in the town of Ptolemais Hermiou in the...
of Alexandria (Roman Egypt, circa 85 – 165) - Pierre PuiseuxPierre PuiseuxPierre Henri Puiseux was a French astronomer.Born in Paris, son of Victor Puiseux, he was educated at the Ecole Normale Supérieure before starting work as an astronomer at the Paris Observatory in 1885....
(France, 1855 – 1928) - Georg PurbachGeorg PurbachGeorg von Peuerbach was an Austrian astronomer, mathematician and instrument maker.-Biography:...
(Germany, 1423 – 1461) - PythagorasPythagorasPythagoras of Samos was an Ionian Greek philosopher, mathematician, and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism. Most of the information about Pythagoras was written down centuries after he lived, so very little reliable information is known about him...
of Samos (580 BC – 500 BC) - Paris PişmişParis PismisMarie Paris Pişmiş de Recilas was a Turkish-Mexican astronomer of Armenian descent.Pişmiş was born Mari Sukiasyan in 1911, in Ortaköy, Istanbul. In 1937, she became the first woman to get a Ph.D. from the Science Faculty of Istanbul University. Her advisor was Erwin Finlay Freundlich...
(1911 – 1999)
Q
- Adolphe QueteletAdolphe QueteletLambert Adolphe Jacques Quetelet was a Belgian astronomer, mathematician, statistician and sociologist. He founded and directed the Brussels Observatory and was influential in introducing statistical methods to the social sciences...
(BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, 1796 – 1874) - Ali Qushji (OttomanOttoman EmpireThe Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
, 1403 – 1474) - M. Shahid QureshiM. Shahid QureshiDr. Prof. Muhammad Shahid Qureshi or Shahid Qureshi, he is best known as Dr. M. Shahid Qureshi, is a Pakistani astrophysicist and a renowned astronomer. He is an academic and an eminent educationist from Pakistan who has published articles in the fields of astrophysics and astronomy...
(PakistanPakistanPakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
)
R
- Radhagobinda ChandraRadhagobinda ChandraRadhagobinda Chandra was a Bangladeshi-Indian astronomer. He was a pioneer of observational astronomy in the region of Bengal, comprising modern-day Bangladesh and West Bengal. He was born in Bangladesh when this country was a part of British India. Radha Gobinda is especially famous for his...
- David Lincoln RabinowitzDavid L. RabinowitzDavid Lincoln Rabinowitz is a researcher at Yale University. He has built CCD cameras and software for the detection of near-Earth asteroids and Kuiper Belt Objects, and his research has helped reduce the assumed number of near-Earth asteroids by half, from 1,000-2,000 to 500-1,000 He has also...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1960 – ) - Grote ReberGrote ReberGrote Reber was an amateur astronomer and pioneer of radio astronomy. He was instrumental in investigating and extending Karl Jansky's pioneering work, and conducted the first sky survey in the radio frequencies...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1911 – 2002) - Martin Rees (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1942 – ) - RegiomontanusRegiomontanusJohannes Müller von Königsberg , today best known by his Latin toponym Regiomontanus, was a German mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, translator and instrument maker....
(Johannes Müller) (Germany, 1436 – 1476) - Julius ReicheltJulius ReicheltJulius Reichelt was a German mathematician and astronomer who may have set up the first observatory in the city of Strasbourg.-Biography:...
(Germany, 1637 – 1717) - Erasmus ReinholdErasmus ReinholdErasmus Reinhold was a German astronomer and mathematician, considered to be the most influential astronomical pedagogue of his generation. He was born and died in Saalfeld, Saxony....
(Prussia, Germany, 1511 – 1553) - Karl Reinmuth (Germany, 1892 – 1979)
- Pieter Johannes van RhijnPieter Johannes van RhijnPieter Johannes van Rhijn was a Dutch astronomer. Born in Gouda, he studied at Groningen. He served as director at the Sterrenkundig Laboratorium in Groningen and later served for many years as president of the International Astronomical Union .He died in Groningen...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1886 – 1960) - Giovanni Battista RiccioliGiovanni Battista RiccioliGiovanni Battista Riccioli was an Italian astronomer and a Catholic priest in the Jesuit order...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1598 – 1671) - Jean RicherJean RicherJean Richer was a French astronomer and assistant of Giovanni Domenico Cassini.Between 1671 and 1673 he traveled to Cayenne at the request of the French Academy of Sciences to observe Mars during its perigee...
(France, 1630 – 1696) - Adam RiessAdam RiessAdam Guy Riess is an American astrophysicist at Johns Hopkins University and the Space Telescope Science Institute and is widely known for his research in using supernovae as Cosmological Probes. Riess shared both the 2006 Shaw Prize in Astronomy and the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics with Saul...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Fernand RigauxFernand RigauxFernand Rigaux was a Belgian astronomer who observed at the Royal Observatory at Uccle, Belgium. In 1951, he co-discovered the periodic comet 49P/Arend-Rigaux with his colleague Sylvain Arend. He also discovered several asteroids.-References:...
(BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
) - George Willis RitcheyGeorge Willis RitcheyGeorge Willis Ritchey was an American optician and telescope maker and astronomer born at Tuppers Plains, Ohio....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1864 – 1945) - David RittenhouseDavid RittenhouseDavid Rittenhouse was a renowned American astronomer, inventor, clockmaker, mathematician, surveyor, scientific instrument craftsman and public official...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1732 – 1796) - Arjen RoelofsArjen RoelofsArjen Roelofs was a Dutch astronomer.-Early life:Roelofs was born on the Hommema-sate near Hijum in Friesland, as the youngest of four sons and two daughters. His father was Roelof Pytters, a tenant farmer and tax receiver. His mother was Neeltje Alberts from Finkum...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1754 – 1824) - Elizabeth RoemerElizabeth RoemerElizabeth Roemer is an American astronomer whose research interests center on comets and asteroids.She discovered the asteroids 1930 Lucifer and 1983 Bok...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1929 – ) - Roger of HerefordRoger of HerefordRoger of Hereford was a medieval astronomer active at Hereford in the period 1178 to 1198.Nothing is known of Roger's nationality or when he was born nor of his education...
(England) c. 1176 – 1198 - Ole Christensen Rømer (DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, 1644 – 1710) - Otto A. Rosenberger (Germany, 1800 – 1890)
- Lord RosseWilliam Parsons, 3rd Earl of RosseWilliam Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, Knight of the Order of St Patrick was an Irish astronomer who had several telescopes built. His 72-inch telescope "Leviathan", built 1845, was the world's largest telescope until the early 20th century.-Life:He was born in Yorkshire, England, in the city of...
(IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
, 1800 – 1867) - Svein RosselandSvein RosselandSvein Rosseland was a Norwegian astrophysicist and a pioneer in the field of theoretical astrophysics. -Biography:...
(NorwayNorwayNorway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
, 1894 – 1985) - Bruno RossiBruno RossiBruno Benedetto Rossi was a leading Italian-American experimental physicist. He made major contributions to cosmic ray and particle physics from 1930 through the 1950s, and pioneered X-ray astronomy and space plasma physics in the 1960s.-Biography:Rossi was born in Venice, Italy...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1905 – 1993) - Vera RubinVera RubinVera Rubin is an American astronomer who pioneered work on galaxy rotation rates. She is famous for uncovering the discrepancy between the predicted angular motion of galaxies and the observed motion, by studying galactic rotation curves...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1928 – ) - Henry Norris RussellHenry Norris RussellHenry Norris Russell was an American astronomer who, along with Ejnar Hertzsprung, developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram . In 1923, working with Frederick Saunders, he developed Russell–Saunders coupling which is also known as LS coupling.-Biography:Russell was born in 1877 in Oyster Bay, New...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1877 – 1957) - Martin RyleMartin RyleSir Martin Ryle was an English radio astronomer who developed revolutionary radio telescope systems and used them for accurate location and imaging of weak radio sources...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1918 – 1984)
S
- Sir Edward SabineEdward SabineGeneral Sir Edward Sabine KCB FRS was an Irish astronomer, geophysicist, ornithologist and explorer.Two branches of Sabine's work in particular deserve very high credit: Determination of the length of the seconds pendulum, a simple pendulum whose time period on the surface of the Earth is two...
(IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
, 1788 – 1883) - Carl Edward Sagan (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1934 – 1996) - Megh Nad Saha (IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, 1893 – 1956) - Edwin Ernest SalpeterEdwin Ernest SalpeterEdwin Ernest Salpeter FRS was an Austrian-Australian-American astrophysicist. Born to a Jewish family, he emigrated from Austria to Australia while in his teens to escape the Nazis. He attended Sydney University, where he obtained his bachelor's degree in 1944 and his master's degree in 1945...
(AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1924 – 2008) - Allan Rex Sandage (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1926 – 2010) - Hendricus Gerardus van de Sande BakhuyzenH. G. van de Sande BakhuyzenHendricus Gerardus van de Sande Bakhuyzen was a Dutch astronomer. His surname, van de Sande Bakhuyzen, is sometimes erroneously given as Backhuyzen or Bakhuysen. His first name is sometimes given as Hendrik Gerard...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1838 – 1923) - Wallace Leslie William Sargent (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1935 – ) - Anneila SargentAnneila SargentAnneila Sargent is a Scottish–American astronomer, who specializes in star formation.-Biography:...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1942 – ) - Naoto SatoNaoto Satois a Japanese amateur astronomer and planetarian . He has done much for the spread of astronomy in Japan through speaking on planetaria and the results of astronomical observation....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1953 – ) - Alexandre SchaumasseAlexandre SchaumasseAlexandre Schaumasse was a French astronomer.He discovered the periodic comet 24P/Schaumasse. He also discovered two non-periodic comets: C/1913 J1 or 1913 II; and C/1917 H1 or 1917 II....
(France, 1882 – 1958) - Giovanni SchiaparelliGiovanni SchiaparelliGiovanni Virginio Schiaparelli was an Italian astronomer and science historian. He studied at the University of Turin and Berlin Observatory. In 1859-1860 he worked in Pulkovo Observatory and then worked for over forty years at Brera Observatory...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1835 – 1910) - Frank SchlesingerFrank SchlesingerFrank Schlesinger was an American astronomer. His work concentrated on using photographic plates rather than direct visual studies for astronomical research.-Biography:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1871 – 1943) - Bernhard SchmidtBernhard SchmidtBernhard Woldemar Schmidt was a German optician. In 1930 he invented the Schmidt telescope which corrected for the optical errors of spherical aberration, coma, and astigmatism, making possible for the first time the construction of very large, wide-angled reflective cameras of short exposure time...
(EstoniaEstoniaEstonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies...
, SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, Germany, 1879 – 1935) - Brian P. SchmidtBrian P. SchmidtBrian P. Schmidt is a Distinguished Professor, Australian Research Council Laureate Fellow and astrophysicist at the Australian National University Mount Stromlo Observatory and Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is widely known for his research in using supernovae as Cosmological...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Maarten SchmidtMaarten SchmidtMaarten Schmidt is a Dutch astronomer who measured the distances of quasars.Born in Groningen, The Netherlands, Schmidt studied with Jan Hendrik Oort. He earned his Ph.D. degree from Leiden Observatory in 1956....
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1929 – ) - Robert SchommerRobert SchommerRobert A. Schommer was an American observational astronomer. He was a professor at Rutgers University and later a project scientist for the U.S. office of the Gemini Observatory Project at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1946 – 2001) - Johann Hieronymus Schröter (Germany, 1745 – 1816)
- Lipót SchulhofLipót SchulhofLipót Schulhof was a Hungarian astronomer . He was more commonly known as Leopold Schulhof , since German was the dominant language of Austria-Hungary at the time.He studied comets and asteroids...
(HungaryHungaryHungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
, 1847 – 1921) - Heinrich Christian SchumacherHeinrich Christian SchumacherHeinrich Christian Schumacher was a German-Danish astronomer.-Biography:He was born at Bramstedt, in Holstein, and studied at Kiel, Jena, Copenhagen, and Göttingen. In 1810, he became adjunct professor of astronomy in Copenhagen...
(Germany, 1780 – 1850) - Hans-Emil SchusterHans-Emil SchusterHans-Emil Schuster is a German astronomer who retired in October 1991. He worked at Hamburg Observatory at Bergedorf and European Southern Observatory , and was former acting director of La Silla Observatory...
(Germany, 1934 – ) - Samuel Heinrich Schwabe (Germany, 1789 – 1875)
- Karl SchwarzschildKarl SchwarzschildKarl Schwarzschild was a German physicist. He is also the father of astrophysicist Martin Schwarzschild.He is best known for providing the first exact solution to the Einstein field equations of general relativity, for the limited case of a single spherical non-rotating mass, which he accomplished...
(Germany, 1873 – 1916) - Martin SchwarzschildMartin SchwarzschildMartin Schwarzschild was a German American astronomer. He was the son of famed astrophysicist Karl Schwarzschild and the nephew of the Swiss astrophysicist Robert Emden.-Biography:...
(Germany, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1912 – 1997) - Friedrich Karl Arnold SchwassmannFriedrich Karl Arnold SchwassmannFriedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann was a German astronomer.He was co-discoverer with Arno Arthur Wachmann of the periodic comets 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann, 31P/Schwassmann-Wachmann and 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann, and with Arno Arthur Wachmann and Leslie Peltier of the non-periodic comet C/1930 D1 ....
(Germany, 1870 – 1964) - Ruby Payne Scott (AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, 1912 – 1981) - James Vernon Scotti (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1960 – ) - Frederick Hanley SearesFrederick Hanley SearesFrederick Hanley Seares, May 17, 1873–July 20, 1964 , was an American astronomer. He worked at Mount Wilson Observatory and won the Bruce Medal in 1940....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1873 – 1964) - George Mary SearleGeorge Mary SearleGeorge Mary Searle was an American astronomer and clergyman.He discovered the asteroid 55 Pandora in 1858. He also discovered six galaxies. In later life he became a member of the Paulist order and taught at the Catholic University of America.-External links:*...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1839 – 1918) - Angelo SecchiAngelo Secchi-External links:...
(ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1818 – 1878) - Sadao SeiSadao Seiwas a Japanese astronomer.He discovered the asteroid 2909 Hoshi-no-ie on May 9, 1983.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Waltraut SeitterWaltraut SeitterWaltraut Seitter was a German astronomer.Waltraut Carola Seitter was born in Zwickau in 1930, where her father worked as an engineer with the Horch automobile company...
(Germany, 1930 – 2007) - Tsutomu SekiTsutomu Sekiis a Japanese astronomer, born in Kōchi, Japan.He has discovered a number of comets, including the celebrated bright C/1965 S1 .He has also discovered a large number of asteroids, including the Amor asteroid 1992 JE and the Trojan asteroid .Many of his discoveries are named after famous sites in...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1930 – ) - Carl Keenan SeyfertCarl Keenan SeyfertCarl Keenan Seyfert was an American astronomer.He is best known for his 1943 research paper on high-excitation line emission from the centers of some spiral galaxies, which are named Seyfert galaxies after him...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1911 – 1960) - Grigory Abramovich ShajnGrigory Abramovich ShajnGrigory Abramovich Shajn was a Soviet/Russian astronomer. In modern English transliteration, his surname would be given as Shayn, but his astronomical discoveries are credited under the name G. Shajn...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1892 – 1956) - Pelageya Fedorovna ShajnPelageya Fedorovna ShajnPelageya Fedorovna Shajn née Sannikova was a Soviet/Russian astronomer. In modern English transliteration, her surname would be given as Shayn, but her astronomical discoveries are credited under the name P. F. Shajn...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1894 – 1956) - Harlow ShapleyHarlow ShapleyHarlow Shapley was an American astronomer.-Career:He was born on a farm in Nashville, Missouri, and dropped out of school with only the equivalent of a fifth-grade education...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1885 – 1972) - Richard SheepshanksRichard SheepshanksRichard Sheepshanks was an English astronomer.He graduated from Trinity College of Cambridge University in 1816...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1794 – 1855) - Shen KuoShen KuoShen Kuo or Shen Gua , style name Cunzhong and pseudonym Mengqi Weng , was a polymathic Chinese scientist and statesman of the Song Dynasty...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, 1031 – 1035) - Shi ShenShi ShenShi Shen was a Chinese astronomer and contemporary of Gan De born in the State of Wei, also known as the Master Shi Shen .-Observations:...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, fl. 4th century BC) - Shibukawa Shunkai (JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1639 – 1715) - Yoshisada ShimizuYoshisada Shimizuis a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids. Asteroid 7300 Yoshisada is named after him.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Shinzo ShinjoShinzo Shinjowas a Japanese academic, physicist, astronomer and president of Kyoto University.-Biography:Shinjo was born in Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, in 1873. He graduated from Department of Physics at Imperial College of Science in 1895 and in 1897 started teaching at a Military Engineering School. In 1900 he...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1873 – 1938) - Qutb eddin ShiraziQutb al-Din al-ShiraziQotb al-Din Shirazi or Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi was a 13th century Persian Muslim polymath and Persian poet who made contributions astronomy, mathematics, medicine, physics, music theory, philosophy and Sufism.- Biography :...
(Persia, 1236 – 1311) - Iosif Samuilovich Shklovsky (RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1916 – 1985) - Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1929 – ) - Eugene Merle ShoemakerEugene Merle ShoemakerEugene Merle Shoemaker , American geologist, was one of the founders of the fields of planetary science....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1928 – 1997) - Willem de SitterWillem de SitterWillem de Sitter was a Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer.-Life and work:Born in Sneek, De Sitter studied mathematics at the University of Groningen and then joined the Groningen astronomical laboratory. He worked at the Cape Observatory in South Africa...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1872 – 1934) - Charlotte Moore SitterlyCharlotte Moore SitterlyCharlotte Emma Moore Sitterly was an American astronomer.Charlotte Moore was born in Ercildoun, Pennsylvania, a small village near Coatesville. She graduated from Swarthmore College in 1920 and went on to Princeton to assist Henry Norris Russell. During this time she worked at the Princeton...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1898 – 1990) - Brian A. SkiffBrian A. SkiffBrian A. Skiff is an American astronomer noted for discovering a number of comets including the periodic comets 114P/Wiseman-Skiff and 140P/Bowell-Skiff...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - John Francis SkjellerupJohn Francis SkjellerupJohn Francis Skjellerup was an Australian who spent about a decade working as a telegraphist in South Africa, and was an astronomer....
(AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
, 1875 – 1952) - Vesto Melvin Slipher (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1875 – 1969) - Tamara Mikhaylovna Smirnova (RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1918 – ) - George SmootGeorge SmootGeorge Fitzgerald Smoot III is an American astrophysicist, cosmologist, Nobel laureate, and $1 million TV quiz show prize winner . He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2006 for his work on COBE with John C...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1945 – ) - William Henry SmythWilliam Henry SmythWilliam Henry Smyth was an English sailor, hydrographer, astronomer and numismatist.-Private Life:...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1788 – 1865) - Willebrord Snel van RoyenWillebrord SnelliusWillebrord Snellius was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician. In the west, especially the English speaking countries, his name has been attached to the law of refraction of light for several centuries, but it is now known that this law was first discovered by Ibn Sahl in 984...
(Snellius) (NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1580 – 1626) - Mary Fairfax Somerville (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1780 – 1872) - Sir James SouthJames SouthSir James South was a British astronomer.He helped found the Astronomical Society of London, and it was under his name as president of the society from 1831 to 1832 that a petition was successfully submitted to obtain a royal charter in 1831, whereupon it became the Royal Astronomical...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1785 – 1867) - Sir Harold Spencer JonesHarold Spencer JonesSir Harold Spencer Jones KBE FRS was an English astronomer. Although born "Jones", his surname became "Spencer Jones"....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1890 – 1960) - Lyman SpitzerLyman SpitzerLyman Strong Spitzer, Jr. was an American theoretical physicist and astronomer best known for his research in star formation, plasma physics, and in 1946, for conceiving the idea of telescopes operating in outer space...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1914 – 1997) - Friederich Wilhelm Gustav Spörer (Germany, 1822 – 1895)
- Rainer SpurzemRainer SpurzemRainer Spurzem is a German astronomer at the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut in Heidelberg, Germany. His speciality is the N-body simulation of galaxies and star clusters....
(Germany, 1956 – ) - Anton StausAnton StausAnton Staus was a German astronomer.As a young man, he discovered an asteroid 335 Roberta....
(Germany, 1872 – 1955) - Joel StebbinsJoel StebbinsJoel Stebbins was an American astronomer who pioneered photoelectric photometry in astronomy. He earned his Ph.D at the University of California. He was director of the University of Illinois Observatory from 1903 to 1922 where he performed innovative work with the selenium cell...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1878 – 1966) - Johan SteinJohan SteinJohan Willem Jakob Antoon Stein was a Dutch astronomer and a member of the Society of Jesus.He was born in Grave, Netherlands and spend his youth in Maastricht. In 1894 he finished a course of ecclesiastical philosophy, then studied astronomy at the University of Leyden...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1871 – 1951) - Karl August von Steinheil, (Germany, 1801 – 1870)
- Édouard Jean-Marie StephanÉdouard Jean-Marie StephanÉdouard Jean-Marie Stephan was a French astronomer. His surname is sometimes spelled Stéphan in some literature, but this is apparently erroneous....
(France, 1837 – 1923) - David J. StevensonDavid J. StevensonDavid John Stevenson is a professor of planetary science at Caltech. Originally from New Zealand, he received his Ph.D. from Cornell University in physics, where he proposed a model for the interior of Jupiter. He is well-known for applying fluid mechanics and magnetohydrodynamics to understand...
(New ZealandNew ZealandNew Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
, 1948 – ) - Edward James StoneEdward James StoneEdward James Stone was an English astronomer.He was born in Notting Hill, London to Roger and Elizabeth Stone...
(1831 – 1897) - F.J.M. Stratton (UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1881 – 1960) - Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren (DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, 1908 – 1987) - Friedrich Georg Wilhelm (von) StruveFriedrich Georg Wilhelm von StruveFriedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve was a Danish-Baltic German astronomer from a famous dynasty.-Life:...
(Germany, RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1793 – 1864) - Karl Hermann Struve (RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, Germany, 1854 – 1920) - Gustav Wilhelm Ludwig Struve (RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1858 – 1920) - Otto StruveOtto StruveOtto Struve was a Russian astronomer. In Russian, his name is sometimes given as Otto Lyudvigovich Struve ; however, he spent most of his life and his entire scientific career in the United States...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1897 – 1963) - Otto Wilhelm (von) StruveOtto Wilhelm von StruveOtto Wilhelm von Struve was a Russian astronomer. In Russian, his name is normally given as Otto Vasil'evich Struve...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1819 – 1905) - Su SongSu SongSu Song was a renowned Chinese polymath who specialized himself as a statesman, astronomer, cartographer, horologist, pharmacologist, mineralogist, zoologist, botanist, mechanical and architectural engineer, poet, antiquarian, and ambassador of the Song Dynasty .Su Song was the engineer of a...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, 1020 – 1101) - Abd Al-Rahman Al SufiAbd Al-Rahman Al SufiAbd al-Rahman al-Sufi was a Persian astronomer also known as Abd ar-Rahman as-Sufi, or Abd al-Rahman Abu al-Husayn, Abdul Rahman Sufi, Abdurrahman Sufi and known in the west as Azophi; the lunar crater Azophi and the minor planet 12621 Alsufi are named after him...
(Persia, 903 – 986) - Matsuo SuganoMatsuo Suganois a Japanese astronomer.He has discovered a number of asteroids, including 5881 Akashi , 6559 Nomura , and 8892 Kakogawa . He was also a co-discoverer of Comet Sugano-Saigusa-Fujikawa ....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Atsushi SugieAtsushi Sugieis a Japanese astronomer. He works at the Dynic Astronomical Observatory and has discovered many planets while working there.The asteroid 3957 Sugie is named after him....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Nicholas Suntzeff (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1952 – ) - Rashid Alievich Sunyaev (UzbekistanUzbekistanUzbekistan , officially the Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia and one of the six independent Turkic states. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south....
RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
Germany, 1943 – ) - Shohei SuzukiShohei Suzukiis a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids. Working with Masanori Hirasawa at Mount Nyukasa Station, Suzuki discovered 52 minor planets between 1991 and 1998. Both men are graduates of Waseda University, which they named an asteroid after in 1991.-List of asteroids...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Lewis A. SwiftLewis A. SwiftLewis A. Swift was an American astronomer.-Discoveries:He discovered or co-discovered a number of comets, including periodic comets 11P/Tempel-Swift-LINEAR, 64P/Swift-Gehrels, and 109P/Swift-Tuttle...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1820 – 1913) - Frédéric SyFrédéric SyFrédéric Sy was a French astronomer.He worked at the Paris Observatory from 1879 to 1887, and as the assistant astronomer at the Algiers Observatory from 1887 to 1918...
(France) - Gyula M. Szabó (HungaryHungaryHungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
, 1979 – ) - Samad RizviSamad RizviSyed Samad Hussain Rizvi was a noted astrologer who dedicated his life to astronomy and cosmology.-Early life and education:...
(PakistanPakistanPakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
, 1924 – 2009)
T
- Akihiko TagoAkihiko Tagois a Japanese amateur astronomer.He co-discovered several comets, including C/1968 H1 , C/1969 T1 , C/1987 B1 .He also discovered several novas, including , is a Japanese amateur astronomer.He co-discovered several comets, including C/1968 H1 (Tago-Honda-Yamamoto), C/1969 T1 (Tago-Sato-Kosaka),...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1932 – ) - Atsushi TakahashiAtsushi Takahashiis a Japanese astronomer and a member of the group Hokkaido Showakusei Suisei Kaigi. With his colleague Kazuro Watanabe he discovered 22 asteroids between 1989 and 1991, including the asteroid 4644 Oumu in 1990...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Kesao TakamizawaKesao Takamizawais a Japanese astronomer. He discovered the periodic comet 98P/Takamizawa. The asteroid 8720 Takamizawa is named after him. He has discovered many other asteroids.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1952 – ) - Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1941 – ) - Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht TempelErnst Wilhelm Leberecht TempelErnst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel , normally known as Wilhelm Tempel, was a German astronomer who worked in Marseille until the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, then later moved to Italy....
(Germany, 1821 – 1889) - Thabit ibn QurraThabit ibn Qurra' was a mathematician, physician, astronomer and translator of the Islamic Golden Age.Ibn Qurra made important discoveries in algebra, geometry and astronomy...
(IraqIraqIraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
, 826 – 901) - Thorvald Nicolai Thiele (DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, 1838 – 1910) - Norman G. ThomasNorman G. ThomasNorman G. Thomas is an American astronomer.He worked at Lowell Observatory using the blink comparator alongside Robert Burnham, Jr., author of the famous three-volume Celestial Handbook....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - John ThomeJohn M. ThomeJohn Macon Thome was an American-Argentine astronomer. Some sources say John Macom Thome. He is sometimes known as Juan M...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
, 1843 – 1908) - Kip Stephen Thorne (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1940 – ) - Friedrich TietjenFriedrich TietjenFriedrich Tietjen was a German astronomer.He was director of the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut from 1874 until his death in 1895....
(Germany, 1834 – 1895) - Beatrice Muriel Hill Tinsley (New ZealandNew ZealandNew Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1941 – 1981) - François Félix Tisserand (France, 1845 – 1896)
- Johann Daniel TitiusJohann Daniel TitiusJohann Daniel Titius was a German astronomer and a professor at Wittenberg.Titius was born in Konitz , Royal Prussia, and died in Wittenberg...
(Germany, 1729 – 1796) - Yasuo TanakaYasuo Tanakais a Japanese novelist and politician. He served as the governor of Nagano prefecture from 2000 to 2006, became president of New Party Nippon and has been elected to Japan's legislatures.- Early life :...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Clyde W. TombaughClyde TombaughClyde William Tombaugh was an American astronomer. Although he is best known for discovering the dwarf planet Pluto in 1930, the first object to be discovered in what would later be identified as the Kuiper Belt, Tombaugh also discovered many asteroids; he also called for serious scientific...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1906 – 1997) - Kōichirō TomitaKoichiro Tomitawas a Japanese astronomer.He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids;2252 CERGA, 3056 INAG, 3765 Texereau, 4051 Hatanaka.He is the author of at least one astronomy book about comets ....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1925 – 2006) - Richard TouseyRichard TouseyRichard Tousey was an American astronomer. He was a pioneer in the observation of the sun from space.In 1960 he was awarded the by the OSA....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1908 – 1997) - Charles Townes (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Virginia TrimbleVirginia TrimbleVirginia Louise Trimble is an astronomer specializing in the structure and evolution of stars and galaxies, and the history of astronomy.-Life:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Chad TrujilloChad TrujilloChadwick A. "Chad" Trujillo is an astronomer and the co-discoverer of the dwarf planet Eris.Trujillo works with computer software and has examined the orbits of the numerous trans-Neptunian objects , which is the outer area of the solar system that he specialized in. In late August 2005, it was...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1973 – ) - Robert Julius TrumplerRobert Julius TrumplerRobert Julius Trumpler was a Swiss-American astronomer....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1886 – 1956) - R. Brent TullyR. Brent TullyR. Brent Tully is an astronomer at the Institute for Astronomy in Honolulu, Hawaii.Tully's specialty is astrophysics of galaxies. He, along with J. Richard Fisher, proposed the now-famous Tully-Fisher relation in a paper, A New Method of Determining Distances to Galaxies, published in Astronomy...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Herbert Hall TurnerHerbert Hall TurnerHerbert Hall Turner was a British astronomer and seismologist.-Biography:Herbert Hall Turner was educated at Clifton College and Trinity College, Cambridge., In 1884 he accepted the post of Chief Assistant at Greenwich Observatory and stayed there for nine years...
(England, 1861 – 1930) - Nasir al-Din Tusi (Persia, 1201 – 1274)
- Horace Parnell TuttleHorace Parnell TuttleHorace Parnell Tuttle was an American astronomer, a Civil War veteran and brother of astronomer Charles Wesley Tuttle ....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1839 – 1923) - Neil deGrasse TysonNeil deGrasse TysonNeil deGrasse Tyson is an American astrophysicist, a science communicator, the Frederick P. Rose Director of the Hayden Planetarium at the Rose Center for Earth and Space, and a Research Associate in the Department of Astrophysics at the American Museum of Natural History...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1958 – )
U
- Seiji UedaSeiji Uedais a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids. Between 1987 and 2000, Ueda discovered 705 asteroids. Asteroid 4676 Uedaseiji, discovered in 1990, is named for him....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1952 – ) - Ulugh BegUlugh BegUlugh Bek was a Timurid ruler as well as an astronomer, mathematician and sultan. His commonly-known name is not truly a personal name, but rather a moniker, which can be loosely translated as "Great Ruler" or "Patriarch Ruler" and was the Turkic equivalent of Timur's Perso-Arabic title Amīr-e...
(Persia, 1394 – 1449) - Antonio de UlloaAntonio de UlloaAntonio de Ulloa y de la Torre-Girault was a Spanish general, explorer, author, astronomer, colonial administrator and the first Spanish governor of Louisiana.Rebellion of 1768]]....
(Spain), (1716 – 1795) - Albrecht UnsöldAlbrecht UnsöldAlbrecht Otto Johannes Unsöld was a German astrophysicist known for his contributions to spectroscopic analysis of stellar atmospheres.-Career:...
(Germany, 1905 – 1995) - Takeshi UrataTakeshi Uratais a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids, observing at Nihondaira Observatory.In 1978 he became the first amateur to discover a minor planet in over fifty years. He named it after it his daughter, Mizuho. His pioneering feat led to an upsurge in such discoveries. In the...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Mu’ayyad al-Din al-’UrdiMo'ayyeduddin UrdiMu’ayyad al-Din al-’Urdi was an Kurdish Muslim astronomer, mathematician, architect and engineer working at the Maragheh observatory...
(Persia d. 1266) - Fumiaki UtoFumiaki Utois a Japanese astronomer.He has discovered numerous asteroids, including 7253 Nara, 7895 Kaseda, 8041 Masumoto and 9648 Gotouhideo. He is credited with the discovery of 21 minor planets between 1992 and 1999.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
)
V
- Yrjö VäisäläYrjö VäisäläYrjö Väisälä was a Finnish astronomer and physicist.His main contributions were in the field of optics, but he was also very active in geodetics, astronomy and optical metrology...
(FinlandFinlandFinland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
, 1891 – 1971) - Benjamin ValzBenjamin ValzJean Elias Benjamin Valz was a French astronomer.He was born in Nîmes and trained as an engineer. He became interested in astronomy and comets in particular, observing the return of what would later be named Comet Encke...
(France, 1787 – 1867) - James Van AllenJames Van AllenJames Alfred Van Allen was an American space scientist at the University of Iowa.The Van Allen radiation belts were named after him, following the 1958 satellite missions in which Van Allen had argued that a Geiger counter should be used to detect charged particles.- Life and career :* September...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1914 – 2006) - George Van BiesbroeckGeorge Van BiesbroeckGeorge A. Van Biesbroeck was a Belgian-American astronomer. He worked at observatories in Belgium, Germany and the United States. He specialized in the observation of double stars, asteroids and comets...
(BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1880 – 1974) - Hendrik Christoffel van de HulstHendrik C. van de HulstHendrik Christoffel "Henk" van de Hulst FRS was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician....
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1918 – 2000) - Peter van de KampPeter van de KampPiet van de Kamp , known as Peter van de Kamp in the United States, was a Dutch astronomer who lived most of his life in the United States. He was professor of astronomy at Swarthmore College and director of the college's Sproul Observatory from 1937 until 1972...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1901 – 1995) - Sidney van den BerghSidney van den BerghSidney Van den Bergh, OC, FRS is a retired Canadian astronomer.Born in the Netherlands, son of businessman and politician Sidney James van den Bergh and grandson of Unilever co-founder Samuel van den Bergh, he showed an interest in science from an early age, learning to read with books on astronomy...
(CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, 1929 – ) - Martin van den HoveMartin van den HoveMartin van den Hove was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician. His adopted Latin name is a translation of the Dutch hof , in Latin horta.-Early life:...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1605 – 1639) - Hendricus Gerardus van de Sande BakhuyzenH. G. van de Sande BakhuyzenHendricus Gerardus van de Sande Bakhuyzen was a Dutch astronomer. His surname, van de Sande Bakhuyzen, is sometimes erroneously given as Backhuyzen or Bakhuysen. His first name is sometimes given as Hendrik Gerard...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1838 – 1923) - Hendrik van GentHendrik van GentHendrik van Gent was a Dutch astronomer.He moved to South Africa in 1928 in order to observe the southern sky at the Leiden Southern Station and the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. He studied variable stars, and also discovered a number of asteroids and comets...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
, 1900 – 1947) - Cornelis Johannes van HoutenCornelis Johannes van HoutenCornelis Johannes van Houten was a Dutch astronomer, sometimes referred to as Kees van Houten.Born in The Hague, he spent his entire career at Leiden University except for a brief period as research assistant at Yerkes Observatory...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1920 – 2002) - Ingrid van Houten-GroeneveldIngrid van Houten-GroeneveldIngrid van Houten-Groeneveld is a Dutch astronomer.In a jointly-credited trio with Tom Gehrels and her husband Cornelis Johannes van Houten, she was an extremely prolific discoverer of many thousands of asteroids...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
) - Pieter Johannes van RhijnPieter Johannes van RhijnPieter Johannes van Rhijn was a Dutch astronomer. Born in Gouda, he studied at Groningen. He served as director at the Sterrenkundig Laboratorium in Groningen and later served for many years as president of the International Astronomical Union .He died in Groningen...
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 1886 – 1960) - Gérard de VaucouleursGérard de Vaucouleurs-External links:* * http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/normal_galaxies.html-Other resources:...
(France, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1918 – 1995) - Zdeňka VávrováZdenka VávrováZdeňka Vávrová is a Czech astronomer.She co-discovered periodic comet 134P/Kowal-Vávrová. She had observed it as an asteroid, which received the provisional designation 1983 JG, without seeing any cometary coma. However, later images by Charles T. Kowal showed a coma.She has also discovered a...
(Czech RepublicCzech RepublicThe Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
or SlovakiaSlovakiaThe Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
) - Philippe VéronPhilippe VéronPhilippe Véron is a French astronomer. He works at Observatoire de Haute Provence, whom he was director. He studies variability and statistics of quasars, as well as elliptical galaxies. He is married with French astronomer Marie-Paule Véron-Cetty....
(France, 1939 – ) - Frank Washington VeryFrank Washington VeryFrank Washington Very was a U.S. astronomer. He was born at Salem, Massachusetts, and educated at Massachusetts Institute of Technology ....
(USA, 1852 – 1927) - Yvon VillarceauYvon VillarceauAntoine-Joseph Yvon Villarceau was a French astronomer, mathematician, and engineer.He constructed an equatorial meridian-instrument and an isochronometric regulator for the Paris Observatory.He wrote Mecanique Celeste...
(France, 1813 – 1883) - Julie Vinter HansenJulie Vinter HansenJulie Marie Vinter Hansen was a Danish astronomer.Vinter Hansen was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. While studying at the University of Copenhagen, she was appointed a computer at the University's observatory in 1915. In the pre-electronic era, computers were humans that worked doing hand...
(DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
), 1890 – 1960) - Hermann Carl VogelHermann Carl VogelHermann Carl Vogel was a German astronomer. He was born in Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony.Vogel pioneered the use of the spectroscope in astronomy...
(Germany, 1841 – 1907) - Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von StruveFriedrich Georg Wilhelm von StruveFriedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve was a Danish-Baltic German astronomer from a famous dynasty.-Life:...
(Germany, RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1793 – 1864) - Otto Wilhelm von StruveOtto Wilhelm von StruveOtto Wilhelm von Struve was a Russian astronomer. In Russian, his name is normally given as Otto Vasil'evich Struve...
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, 1819 – 1905) - Alexander N. VyssotskyAlexander N. VyssotskyAlexander Nikolayevich Vyssotsky was an astronomer. Vyssotsky was born in Moscow, Russia, and received his master degree from Moscow State University....
(RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
/USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1888 – 1973) - Emma VyssotskyEmma VyssotskyEmma Vyssotsky , born Emma T. R. Williams in Media, Pennsylvania was an American astronomer.-Biography:She received a Ph.D. in astronomy from Harvard College in 1930...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1894 – 1975)
W
- Arno Arthur WachmannArno Arthur WachmannArthur Arno Wachmann was a German astronomer.With Arnold Schwassmann he co-discovered the periodic comets 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann, 31P/Schwassmann-Wachmann and 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann....
(Germany, 1902 – 1990) - Abul Wáfa (Persia, 940 – 997-8)
- Walcher of MalvernWalcher of MalvernWalcher of Malvern, also known as Walcher of Lorraine or Doctor Walcher, was the second Prior of Malvern and a noted astrologer-astronomer and mathematician....
(England d. 1135) - George WallersteinGeorge WallersteinGeorge Wallerstein is an American astronomer known for researching the chemical composition of stellar atmospheres. He graduated from Brown University in 1951 before receiving his M.S. and Ph. D. from the California Institute of Technology. He has also been on the Board of Directorsfor the NAACP...
(1930 – ) - William WalesWilliam Wales (astronomer)William Wales was a British mathematician and astronomer.-Early life:Wales was born around 1734 to John and Sarah Wales and was baptized in Warmfield that year...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, ca. 1734 - 1798) - Qingde WangQingde WangQingde "Daniel" Wang is a professor of astronomy at the University of Massachusetts. His research focuses on the hot interstellar medium and intergalactic medium. He received his Ph.D. at Columbia University in 1990.Wang has won the following honors:...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
/ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
) - Kazuro WatanabeKazuro Watanabeis an amateur Japanese astronomer. He was born in Hokkaidō, Japan and is a member of the Astronomical Society of Japan and Oriental Astronomical Association....
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1955 – ) - James Craig WatsonJames Craig WatsonJames Craig Watson was a Canadian-American astronomer born in the village of Fingal, Ontario Canada. His family relocated to Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1850....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1838 – 1880) - Kim WeaverKim WeaverDr. Kimberly A. Weaver is an American astrophysics astronomer and professor. Weaver is also noted for her many discoveries and professional publications. She has worked with NASA on several research projects. She is often seen on many television programs about astronomy...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1969 – ) - Thomas William WebbThomas William WebbThe Reverend Thomas William Webb was a British astronomer. Some sources give his year of birth as 1806. The only son of a clergyman, the Rev. John Webb, he was raised and educated by his father, his mother having died while Thomas was a small child. He went to Oxford where he attended Magdalen...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1807 – 1885) - Alfred Lothar Wegener (Germany, 1880 – 1930)
- Gary A. WegnerGary A. WegnerGary Alan Wegner is an American astronomer, the endowed Leede '49 Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Dartmouth College, and recipient of the Alexander Von Humboldt Prize. Wegner was also a member of a famous group of seven astronomers called the Seven Samurai who, in the 1980s, discovered the...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1944 – ) - Wei PuWei PuWei Pu was an 11th century Chinese astronomer of the Song Dynasty . He was born a commoner, but eventually rose to prominence as an astronomer working for the imperial court at the capital of Kaifeng...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, fl. 11th century) - Karl von WeizsäckerCarl Friedrich von WeizsäckerCarl Friedrich Freiherr von Weizsäcker was a German physicist and philosopher. He was the longest-living member of the research team which performed nuclear research in Germany during the Second World War, under Werner Heisenberg's leadership...
(Germany, 1912 – 2007) - Godefroy WendelinGodefroy WendelinGovaert Wendelen was a Flemish astronomer who was born in Herk-de-Stad. He is also known by the Latin name Vendelinus. His name is sometimes given as Godefroy Wendelin; his first name spelt Godefroid or Gottfried.Around 1630 he measured the distance between the Earth and the Sun using the method...
(BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, 1580 – 1667) - Richard M. West (DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, 1941 – ) - J. G. WestphalJ. G. WestphalJustus Georg Westphal was a German astronomer and mathematician.Westphal is not to be confused with Johann Heinrich Westphal . Within the NASA Astrophysics Data System he also appears to be confused with a third Westphal, "Alfred Friedrich Julius Westphal" Justus Georg Westphal (1824-1859) was a...
(Germany) - Johann Heinrich WestphalJohann Heinrich WestphalJohann Heinrich Westphal was a German astronomer. Not to be confused with J. G. Westphal, who discovered the lost periodic comet 20D/Westphal in 1852....
(Germany, ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 1794 – 1831) - George WetherillGeorge WetherillGeorge Wetherill was the Director Emeritus, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, DC, USA....
(1925 – 2006) - John Archibald WheelerJohn Archibald WheelerJohn Archibald Wheeler was an American theoretical physicist who was largely responsible for reviving interest in general relativity in the United States after World War II. Wheeler also worked with Niels Bohr in explaining the basic principles behind nuclear fission...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1911 – ) - Fred Lawrence WhippleFred Lawrence WhippleFred Lawrence Whipple was an American astronomer, who worked at the Harvard College Observatory for over 70 years...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1906 – 2004) - Albert WhitfordAlbert WhitfordAlbert Edward Whitford was an American astronomer.Whitford was born in Milton, Wisconsin and attended Milton College. He received his PhD from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He served as the director of Washburn Observatory from 1948 to 1958. From 1958 to 1968 he was the director of Lick...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1905 – 2002) - Chandra WickramasingheChandra WickramasingheVidya Jothi Nalin Chandra Wickramasinghe , FIMA, FRAS, FRSA is Professor at Cardiff University and Honorary Professor at the University of Buckingham. He is the Director of the Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1939 – ) - Paul WildPaul Wild (Swiss astronomer)Professor Paul Wild of Berne, Switzerland, is an astronomer who discovered numerous comets and asteroids.- Career :Professor Wild was director of the Astronomical Institute of the University of Berne from 1980 to 1991...
(SwitzerlandSwitzerlandSwitzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
) - Olin C. Wilson (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1909 – 1994) - Robert WilsonRobert Woodrow WilsonFor the American President, see Woodrow Wilson.Robert Woodrow Wilson is an American astronomer, 1978 Nobel laureate in physics, who with Arno Allan Penzias discovered in 1964 the cosmic microwave background radiation...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1936 – ) - John WinthropJohn Winthrop (1714-1779)John Winthrop was the 2nd Hollis Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy in Harvard College. He was a distinguished mathematician, physicist and astronomer, born in Boston, Mass. His great-great-grandfather, also named John Winthrop, was founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony...
(Massachusetts Bay ColonyMassachusetts Bay ColonyThe Massachusetts Bay Colony was an English settlement on the east coast of North America in the 17th century, in New England, situated around the present-day cities of Salem and Boston. The territory administered by the colony included much of present-day central New England, including portions...
, 1714 – 1779) - Friedrich August Theodor WinneckeFriedrich August Theodor WinneckeFriedrich August Theodor Winnecke was a German astronomer.He worked at Pulkovo Observatory from 1858 to 1865, but returned to Germany and served as professor of astronomy at Strasbourg from 1872 to 1881.He discovered or co-discovered a large number of comets, including the periodic comet...
(Germany, 1835 – 1897) - Carl Wirtanen (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1910 – 1990) - Jack Wisdom (USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Gustav Witt (Germany, 1866 – 1946)
- Maximilian Wolf (Germany, 1863 – 1932)
- Aleksander WolszczanAleksander WolszczanAleksander Wolszczan is a Polish astronomer. He is the co-discoverer of the first extrasolar planets and pulsar planets.- Scientific career :...
(PolandPolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, 1946 – ) - Richard van der Riet WoolleyRichard van der Riet WoolleyRichard van der Riet Woolley was an English astronomer who became Astronomer Royal. His mother's maiden name was Van der Riet....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1906 – 1986) - Thomas WrightThomas Wright (astronomer)Thomas Wright was an English astronomer, mathematician, instrument maker, architect and garden designer. He was the first to describe the shape of the Milky Way and speculate that faint nebulae were distant galaxies....
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1711 – 1786)
Y
- Issei YamamotoIssei Yamamotowas a Japanese astronomer.He was professor of astronomy at Kyoto University. In 1920 he became the first president of the Oriental Astronomical Association. He was director of the Kwasan Observatory in Kyoto.-Honors:Named after him:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1889 – 1959) - Masayuki YanaiMasayuki Yanaiis a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of asteroids.-References:...
(JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, 1959 – ) - Yi XingYi XingYi Xing , born Zhang Sui , was a Chinese astronomer, mathematician, mechanical engineer,and Buddhist monk of the Tang Dynasty...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, 683 – 727) - Charles Augustus YoungCharles Augustus YoungCharles Augustus Young was an American astronomer.He graduated from Dartmouth and later became a professor there in 1865, remaining until 1877 when he went to Princeton....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1834 – 1908) - James Whitney YoungJames Whitney YoungJames Whitney Young is an American astronomer who made significant contributions to the field of asteroid research. After nearly 47 years with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at their Table Mountain Facility, Young retired July 16, 2009....
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1941 – )
Z
- Franz Xaver von Zach (Germany, 1753 – 1832)
- Abraham ZacutoAbraham ZacutoAbraham Zacuto was a Sephardi Jewish astronomer, astrologer, mathematician and historian who served as Royal Astronomer in the 15th century to King John II of Portugal. The crater Zagut on the Moon is named after him....
(Spain/PortugalPortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, 1450 – 1510) - John ZarneckiJohn ZarneckiJohn C. Zarnecki is an English Sir Arthur Clarke Award winning professor and researcher in space science. Currently working at the Open University since 2000, he was previously a professor and researcher at the University of Kent...
(UK, 1949) - Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovichYakov Borisovich Zel'dovichYakov Borisovich Zel'dovich was a prolific Soviet physicist born in Belarus. He played an important role in the development of Soviet nuclear and thermonuclear weapons, and made important contributions to the fields of adsorption and catalysis, shock waves, nuclear physics, particle physics,...
(USSRSoviet UnionThe Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
, 1914 – 1987) - Zhang DaqingZhang DaqingZhang Daqing is a Chinese amateur astronomer. He is from Henan province.He co-discovered periodic comet 153P/Ikeya-Zhang. He is the first Chinese amateur astronomer who has a comet name after him. He is also a telescope maker...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, 1969 – ) - Zhang HengZhang HengZhang Heng was a Chinese astronomer, mathematician, inventor, geographer, cartographer, artist, poet, statesman, and literary scholar from Nanyang, Henan. He lived during the Eastern Han Dynasty of China. He was educated in the capital cities of Luoyang and Chang'an, and began his career as a...
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, 78 – 139) - Zhang YuzheZhang YuzheZhang Yuzhe or Yu-che Chang was a Chinese astronomer who is widely regarded as the father of modern Chinese astronomy....
(ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, 1902 – 1986) - Lyudmila Vasil'evna Zhuravleva (RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
/UkraineUkraineUkraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
, ? – ) - Felix ZiegelFelix ZiegelFelix Yurievich Ziegel was a Soviet researcher, Doctor of Science and docent of Cosmology at the Moscow Aviation Institute, author of more than 40 popular books on astronomy and space exploration, generally regarded as a founder of Russian ufology...
(Soviet UnionSoviet UnionThe Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
, 1920 – 1988) - Zu ChongzhiZu ChongzhiZu Chongzhi , courtesy name Wenyuan , was a prominent Chinese mathematician and astronomer during the Liu Song and Southern Qi Dynasties.-Life and works:...
(429 – 500) - Fritz ZwickyFritz ZwickyFritz Zwicky was a Swiss astronomer. He worked most of his life at the California Institute of Technology in the United States of America, where he made many important contributions in theoretical and observational astronomy.- Biography :Fritz Zwicky was born in Varna, Bulgaria to a Swiss father....
(SwitzerlandSwitzerlandSwitzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
, USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1898 – 1974)
Others who had an impact on astronomy and astrophysics
The following is a list of people who are not astronomers but made a contribution to the field of astronomy and astrophysics.- Hans BetheHans BetheHans Albrecht Bethe was a German-American nuclear physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics for his work on the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis. A versatile theoretical physicist, Bethe also made important contributions to quantum electrodynamics, nuclear physics, solid-state physics and...
(1906 – 2005), (physicistPhysicistA physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
) - Niels BohrNiels BohrNiels Henrik David Bohr was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum mechanics, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr mentored and collaborated with many of the top physicists of the century at his institute in...
(1885 – 1962), (physicistPhysicistA physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
) - Andreas CellariusAndreas CellariusAndreas Cellarius was a Dutch-German cartographer, best known for his Harmonia Macrocosmica of 1660, a major star atlas, published by Johannes Janssonius in Amsterdam....
(NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, Germany, 1596 – 1665), (cartographer) - Freeman DysonFreeman DysonFreeman John Dyson FRS is a British-born American theoretical physicist and mathematician, famous for his work in quantum field theory, solid-state physics, astronomy and nuclear engineering. Dyson is a member of the Board of Sponsors of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists...
(1923 – ), (physicistPhysicistA physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
) - Albert EinsteinAlbert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of general relativity, effecting a revolution in physics. For this achievement, Einstein is often regarded as the father of modern physics and one of the most prolific intellects in human history...
(1879 – 1955), (physicist) - Karl Guthe JanskyKarl Guthe JanskyKarl Guthe Jansky was an American physicist and radio engineer who in August 1931 first discovered radio waves emanating from the Milky Way. He is considered one of the founding figures of radio astronomy.- Early life :...
(USAUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, 1905 – 1950), (radio astronomerRadio astronomyRadio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies. The initial detection of radio waves from an astronomical object was made in the 1930s, when Karl Jansky observed radiation coming from the Milky Way. Subsequent observations have identified a number of...
) - James Clerk MaxwellJames Clerk MaxwellJames Clerk Maxwell of Glenlair was a Scottish physicist and mathematician. His most prominent achievement was formulating classical electromagnetic theory. This united all previously unrelated observations, experiments and equations of electricity, magnetism and optics into a consistent theory...
(UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1831 – 1879), (physicistPhysicistA physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
) - Thomas YoungThomas Young (scientist)Thomas Young was an English polymath. He is famous for having partly deciphered Egyptian hieroglyphics before Jean-François Champollion eventually expanded on his work...
(United KingdomUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, 1773 – 1829), (physicistPhysicistA physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
) - Abdus SalamAbdus SalamMohammad Abdus Salam, NI, SPk Mohammad Abdus Salam, NI, SPk Mohammad Abdus Salam, NI, SPk (Urdu: محمد عبد السلام, pronounced , (January 29, 1926– November 21, 1996) was a Pakistani theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate in Physics for his work on the electroweak unification of the...
(1926 – 1996), (physicistPhysicistA physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
) - Riazuddin (1936 – ), (physicistPhysicistA physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
)