List of Prime Ministers of Portugal
Encyclopedia
In Portugal
, the post of Prime Minister (primeiro-ministro, pɾiˈmɐjɾu mɨˈniʃtɾu or [miˈniʃtɾu]) is the head of the country's Government
. He/she coordinates the actions of all ministers, represents the Government as a whole, reports his actions and is controlled by the Assembly of the Republic
, and keeps the President of the Republic
informed.
There is no limit to the number of mandates as Prime Minister. He/she is appointed by the President of the Republic, after the legislative elections and after an audience with every leader of a party represented at the Assembly. It is usual for the leader of the party which receives a plurality of votes in the elections to be named Prime Minister.
The official residence of the Prime Minister, a mansion next to São Bento Palace
, which, in confusion, is also often called "São Bento Palace", although many Prime Ministers didn't live in the palace during their full mandate.
(Portuguese
Mordomo-Mor), on the Chancellor
(Chanceler-Mor), on the King's Private Secretary (Escrivão da Puridade) and on the Secretary of State (Secretário de Estado).
In 1736, three offices of secretary of state were created, with the Secretary of State of the Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (Secretário de Estado dos Negócios Interiores do Reino) occupying a prominent position over the others.
Since the 1820 Liberal Revolution of Porto, liberalism
and parliamentarism were installed in the country. In the first liberal period, there were three to six secretaries of state with equal position in the hierarchy, but with the Secretary the Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (usually known by Minister of the Kingdom) continuing to occupy a prominent position. Occasionally there was a Minister Assistant to the Dispatch (Ministro Assistente ao Despacho), a coordinator of all secretaries of state, and with a post similar to that of a prime minister. After a brief absolutistic restoration, the second liberalism started. With the beginning of the Constitutional Monarchy, the office of President of the Council of Ministers (President do Conselho de Ministros) was created. The Presidents of the Council were clearly the heads of government of the Kingdom, holding the executive power that absolutistic monarchs had, but were restricted by the controlling power of a National Congress.
With the advent of the Republic in the 5 October 1910 revolution
, the head of government was renamed President of the Ministry (President do Ministério). During this period the heads of government were under the strong power of the parliament and often fell due to parliamentary turmoils and social instability.
With the 28 May 1926 coup d'état, and eventually, after the formation of the Estado Novo quasi-fascist dictatorial regime of António de Oliveira Salazar
, the Prime Minister was again named President of the Council of Ministers, and was nominally the most important figure in the country. First Salazar and then Marcello Caetano occupied this post for almost 42 years.
With the Carnation Revolution
came the Prime Minister, which replaced the President of the Council.
, the Second Republic and Third Republic, with a fourth column in the Second Republic to mark the numbering of Prime Ministers since the 1926 revolution that established the National Dictatorship and since the replacement of the National Dictatorship with the Salazarist Estado Novo. In the Third Republic, a fourth column is also used to distinguish the prime ministers of the provisional governments that existed during the period immediately following the Carnation Revolution
of 1974 from the prime ministers that assumed office after the entry into force of Portugal's current democratic Constitution adopted 1976.
At the right hand side, a column indicates the official numbering of the Constitutional Governments. The numbering of the Constitutional Governments is not the same as the numbering of Prime Ministers since the Constitution because, whenever elections for a new Parliament take place, a new Constitutional Government is installed, even if the Prime Minister remains the same; however, there is also a change of Constitutional Government when the Prime Minister is replaced, even if in mid-Parliament. So, because some Prime Ministers managed to remain in office after fresh elections (thus serving as Prime Ministers under more than one Parliament), there are more Constitutional Governments than there are Prime Ministers.
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, the post of Prime Minister (primeiro-ministro, pɾiˈmɐjɾu mɨˈniʃtɾu or [miˈniʃtɾu]) is the head of the country's Government
Government
Government refers to the legislators, administrators, and arbitrators in the administrative bureaucracy who control a state at a given time, and to the system of government by which they are organized...
. He/she coordinates the actions of all ministers, represents the Government as a whole, reports his actions and is controlled by the Assembly of the Republic
Assembly of the Republic
The Assembly of the Republic is the Portuguese parliament. It is located in a historical building in Lisbon, referred to as Palácio de São Bento, the site of an old Benedictine monastery...
, and keeps the President of the Republic
President of Portugal
Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....
informed.
There is no limit to the number of mandates as Prime Minister. He/she is appointed by the President of the Republic, after the legislative elections and after an audience with every leader of a party represented at the Assembly. It is usual for the leader of the party which receives a plurality of votes in the elections to be named Prime Minister.
The official residence of the Prime Minister, a mansion next to São Bento Palace
São Bento Palace
The Palácio de São Bento , "Saint Benedict's Palace", is the home of the Assembly of the Republic, the Portuguese parliament. It is located in Lisbon. Close to Bairro Alto, the Palace of São Bento was formerly known as the seat of the National Assembly during the Estado Novo regime...
, which, in confusion, is also often called "São Bento Palace", although many Prime Ministers didn't live in the palace during their full mandate.
History
The origins of present office of Prime Minister of Portugal fall back to the beginning of the Portuguese Monarchy in the 12th century. Typically, a senior official of the King of Portugal prevailed over the others, ensuring the coordination of the administration of the Kingdom as a kind of prime minister. Throughout history, the prominent position fell successively on the Mayor of the PalaceMayor of the Palace
Mayor of the Palace was an early medieval title and office, also called majordomo, from the Latin title maior domus , used most notably in the Frankish kingdoms in the 7th and 8th centuries....
(Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...
Mordomo-Mor), on the Chancellor
Chancellor
Chancellor is the title of various official positions in the governments of many nations. The original chancellors were the Cancellarii of Roman courts of justice—ushers who sat at the cancelli or lattice work screens of a basilica or law court, which separated the judge and counsel from the...
(Chanceler-Mor), on the King's Private Secretary (Escrivão da Puridade) and on the Secretary of State (Secretário de Estado).
In 1736, three offices of secretary of state were created, with the Secretary of State of the Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (Secretário de Estado dos Negócios Interiores do Reino) occupying a prominent position over the others.
Since the 1820 Liberal Revolution of Porto, liberalism
Liberalism
Liberalism is the belief in the importance of liberty and equal rights. Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of these principles, but generally, liberals support ideas such as constitutionalism, liberal democracy, free and fair elections, human rights,...
and parliamentarism were installed in the country. In the first liberal period, there were three to six secretaries of state with equal position in the hierarchy, but with the Secretary the Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (usually known by Minister of the Kingdom) continuing to occupy a prominent position. Occasionally there was a Minister Assistant to the Dispatch (Ministro Assistente ao Despacho), a coordinator of all secretaries of state, and with a post similar to that of a prime minister. After a brief absolutistic restoration, the second liberalism started. With the beginning of the Constitutional Monarchy, the office of President of the Council of Ministers (President do Conselho de Ministros) was created. The Presidents of the Council were clearly the heads of government of the Kingdom, holding the executive power that absolutistic monarchs had, but were restricted by the controlling power of a National Congress.
With the advent of the Republic in the 5 October 1910 revolution
5 October 1910 revolution
The revolution of 1910 was a republican coup d'état that occurred in Portugal on 5 October 1910, which deposed King Manuel II and established the Portuguese First Republic....
, the head of government was renamed President of the Ministry (President do Ministério). During this period the heads of government were under the strong power of the parliament and often fell due to parliamentary turmoils and social instability.
With the 28 May 1926 coup d'état, and eventually, after the formation of the Estado Novo quasi-fascist dictatorial regime of António de Oliveira Salazar
António de Oliveira Salazar
António de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE served as the Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968. He also served as acting President of the Republic briefly in 1951. He founded and led the Estado Novo , the authoritarian, right-wing government that presided over and controlled Portugal...
, the Prime Minister was again named President of the Council of Ministers, and was nominally the most important figure in the country. First Salazar and then Marcello Caetano occupied this post for almost 42 years.
With the Carnation Revolution
Carnation Revolution
The Carnation Revolution , also referred to as the 25 de Abril , was a military coup started on 25 April 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, coupled with an unanticipated and extensive campaign of civil resistance...
came the Prime Minister, which replaced the President of the Council.
Prime Ministers
The numbering of the Prime Ministers starts with the first President of the Council of Ministers of the constitutional monarchy. A second column is added after the establishment of the Republic, numbering the Prime Ministers from there to the present day. Another column is added for the numbering inside the three regimes: First RepublicPortuguese First Republic
The Portuguese First Republic spans a complex 16 year period in the history of Portugal, between the end of the period of constitutional monarchy marked by the 5 October 1910 revolution and the 28 May coup d'état of 1926...
, the Second Republic and Third Republic, with a fourth column in the Second Republic to mark the numbering of Prime Ministers since the 1926 revolution that established the National Dictatorship and since the replacement of the National Dictatorship with the Salazarist Estado Novo. In the Third Republic, a fourth column is also used to distinguish the prime ministers of the provisional governments that existed during the period immediately following the Carnation Revolution
Carnation Revolution
The Carnation Revolution , also referred to as the 25 de Abril , was a military coup started on 25 April 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, coupled with an unanticipated and extensive campaign of civil resistance...
of 1974 from the prime ministers that assumed office after the entry into force of Portugal's current democratic Constitution adopted 1976.
At the right hand side, a column indicates the official numbering of the Constitutional Governments. The numbering of the Constitutional Governments is not the same as the numbering of Prime Ministers since the Constitution because, whenever elections for a new Parliament take place, a new Constitutional Government is installed, even if the Prime Minister remains the same; however, there is also a change of Constitutional Government when the Prime Minister is replaced, even if in mid-Parliament. So, because some Prime Ministers managed to remain in office after fresh elections (thus serving as Prime Ministers under more than one Parliament), there are more Constitutional Governments than there are Prime Ministers.
Constitutional Monarchy |
||||||||||
| # | Portrait | President of the Council of Ministers | Took office | Left office | Party | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  |
Pedro de Sousa Holstein, Marquess of Palmela Pedro de Sousa Holstein Dom Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Count, 1st Marquess and 1st Duke of Palmela was one of the most important Portuguese diplomats and statesmen in the first half of the 19th century. He also served as the country's first Prime Minister... |
24 September 1834 | 4 May 1835 | Chartist/"Chamorro Chamorro Chamorro may refer to:* Chamorro language, an Austronesian language spoken on Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands* Chamorro Party, a 19th century Portuguese political party... " |
|||||
| 2 |  |
Vitório Maria de Sousa Coutinho, Count of Linhares Vitório Maria de Sousa Coutinho D. Vitório Maria Francisco de Sousa Coutinho Teixeira de Andrade Barbosa, second Count of Linhares was a Portuguese Prime Minister and a military man.... |
4 May 1835 | 27 May 1835 | "Chamorro Chamorro Chamorro may refer to:* Chamorro language, an Austronesian language spoken on Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands* Chamorro Party, a 19th century Portuguese political party... " |
|||||
| 3 |  |
João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira e Daun, Marquess of Saldanha |
27 May 1835 | 18 November 1835 | Independent | |||||
| 4 |  |
José Jorge Loureiro José Jorge Loureiro José Jorge Loureiro was a Portuguese soldier and politician at the time of the monarchy. He served as finance minister and from 18 November 1835 to 20 April 1836 he was Prime Minister of Portugal.... |
18 November 1835 | 20 April 1836 | Independent | |||||
| 5 |  |
António José Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira and Marquess of Vila Flor António Severim de Noronha Dom António José de Sousa Manoel e Meneses Severim de Noronha , 7th Count of Vila Flor, 1st Marquis of Vila Flor and 1st Duke of Terceira, was a Portuguese military officer, statesman and a leader of the Constitutionalist side in the Liberal Wars, as well as a Prime Minister of Portugal.He was born... |
20 April 1836 | 10 September 1836 | "Chamorro Chamorro Chamorro may refer to:* Chamorro language, an Austronesian language spoken on Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands* Chamorro Party, a 19th century Portuguese political party... " |
|||||
| 6 |  |
José da Gama Carneiro e Sousa, Count of Lumiares |
10 September 1836 | 4 November 1836 | Septemberist | |||||
| 7 |  |
José Bernardino de Portugal e Castro, Marquess of Valença and Count of Vimioso |
4 November 1836 | 5 November 1836 | Independent | |||||
| 8 |  |
Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Viscount of Sá da Bandeira Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, 1st Baron, 1st Viscount and 1st Marquess de Sá da Bandeira was the Prime Minister of Portugal from November 5, 1836 - June 2, 1837... |
5 November 1836 | 1 June 1837 | Septemberist | |||||
| 9 |  |
António Dias de Oliveira | 1 June 1837 | 2 August 1837 | Septemberist | |||||
| 10 | |
Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Viscount of Sá da Bandeira Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, 1st Baron, 1st Viscount and 1st Marquess de Sá da Bandeira was the Prime Minister of Portugal from November 5, 1836 - June 2, 1837... |
2 August 1837 | 18 April 1839 | Septemberist | |||||
| 11 |  |
Rodrigo Pinto Pizarro de Almeida Carvalhais, Baron of Ribeira de Sabrosa |
18 April 1839 | 26 November 1839 | Septemberist | |||||
| 12 |  |
José Lúcio Travassos Valdez, Count of Bonfim José Travassos Valdez José Lúcio Travassos Valdez , first and only Baron and first Count do Bonfim , was a Portuguese soldier and statesman.-Early life:... |
26 November 1839 | 9 June 1841 | Septemberist | |||||
| 13 |  |
Joaquim António de Aguiar Joaquim António de Aguiar Joaquim António de Aguiar was a Portuguese politician. He held several relevant political posts during the Portuguese constitutional monarchy, namely as leader of the Cartists and later of the Partido Regenerador... |
9 June 1841 | 7 February 1842 | Septemberist | |||||
| 14 | |
Pedro de Sousa Holstein, Marquess of Palmela Pedro de Sousa Holstein Dom Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Count, 1st Marquess and 1st Duke of Palmela was one of the most important Portuguese diplomats and statesmen in the first half of the 19th century. He also served as the country's first Prime Minister... |
7 February 1842 | 9 February 1842 | Independent | |||||
| 15 | |
António José Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira and Marquess of Vila Flor António Severim de Noronha Dom António José de Sousa Manoel e Meneses Severim de Noronha , 7th Count of Vila Flor, 1st Marquis of Vila Flor and 1st Duke of Terceira, was a Portuguese military officer, statesman and a leader of the Constitutionalist side in the Liberal Wars, as well as a Prime Minister of Portugal.He was born... |
9 February 1842 | 20 May 1846 | Chartist | |||||
| 16 | |
Pedro de Sousa Holstein, Marquess of Palmela Pedro de Sousa Holstein Dom Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Count, 1st Marquess and 1st Duke of Palmela was one of the most important Portuguese diplomats and statesmen in the first half of the 19th century. He also served as the country's first Prime Minister... |
20 May 1846 | 6 October 1846 | Chartist | |||||
| 17 | |
João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira e Daun, Duke of Saldanha João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira Daun, 1st Duke of Saldanha Dom João Carlos Gregório Domingos Vicente Francisco de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, , 1st Count , 1st Marquis and 1st Duke of Saldanha ; , was a Portuguese marshal and statesman, a grandson of Pombal, born at Azinhaga. He studied at Coimbra, served against the French, and was made a prisoner in 1810... |
6 October 1846 | 18 June 1849 | Chartist | |||||
| 18 |  |
António Bernardo da Costa Cabral, Count of Tomar |
18 June 1849 | 26 April 1851 | Chartist | |||||
| 19 | |
António José Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira and Marquess of Vila Flor António Severim de Noronha Dom António José de Sousa Manoel e Meneses Severim de Noronha , 7th Count of Vila Flor, 1st Marquis of Vila Flor and 1st Duke of Terceira, was a Portuguese military officer, statesman and a leader of the Constitutionalist side in the Liberal Wars, as well as a Prime Minister of Portugal.He was born... |
26 April 1851 | 1 May 1851 | Regenerator | |||||
| 20 | |
João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira e Daun, Duke of Saldanha João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira Daun, 1st Duke of Saldanha Dom João Carlos Gregório Domingos Vicente Francisco de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, , 1st Count , 1st Marquis and 1st Duke of Saldanha ; , was a Portuguese marshal and statesman, a grandson of Pombal, born at Azinhaga. He studied at Coimbra, served against the French, and was made a prisoner in 1810... |
1 May 1851 | 6 June 1856 | Regenerator | |||||
| 21 |  |
Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, Marquess of Loulé |
6 June 1856 | 16 March 1859 | Historic | |||||
| 22 | |
António José Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira and Marquess of Vila Flor António Severim de Noronha Dom António José de Sousa Manoel e Meneses Severim de Noronha , 7th Count of Vila Flor, 1st Marquis of Vila Flor and 1st Duke of Terceira, was a Portuguese military officer, statesman and a leader of the Constitutionalist side in the Liberal Wars, as well as a Prime Minister of Portugal.He was born... |
16 March 1859 | 1 May 1860 | Regenerator | |||||
| 23 | |
Joaquim António de Aguiar Joaquim António de Aguiar Joaquim António de Aguiar was a Portuguese politician. He held several relevant political posts during the Portuguese constitutional monarchy, namely as leader of the Cartists and later of the Partido Regenerador... |
1 May 1860 | 4 July 1860 | Regenerator | |||||
| 24 | |
Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, Duke of Loulé |
4 July 1860 | 17 April 1865 | Historic | |||||
| 25 | |
Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Marquess of Sá da Bandeira Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, 1st Baron, 1st Viscount and 1st Marquess de Sá da Bandeira was the Prime Minister of Portugal from November 5, 1836 - June 2, 1837... |
17 April 1865 | 4 September 1865 | Reformist | |||||
| 26 | |
Joaquim António de Aguiar Joaquim António de Aguiar Joaquim António de Aguiar was a Portuguese politician. He held several relevant political posts during the Portuguese constitutional monarchy, namely as leader of the Cartists and later of the Partido Regenerador... |
4 September 1865 | 4 January 1868 | Regenerator (with the Historic Party) | |||||
| 27 |  |
António José de Ávila, Count of Ávila António José de Ávila, 1st Duke of Ávila and Bolama António José de Ávila was a Portuguese politician, mayor of the city of Horta, on the island of Faial, in the Azores, Civil Governor of the same, Peer-of-the-Realm, Minister of State, and later Ambassador to Spain.... |
4 January 1868 | 22 July 1868 | Independent | |||||
| 28 | |
Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Marquess of Sá da Bandeira Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, 1st Baron, 1st Viscount and 1st Marquess de Sá da Bandeira was the Prime Minister of Portugal from November 5, 1836 - June 2, 1837... |
22 July 1868 | 11 August 1869 | Reformist | |||||
| 29 | |
Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, Duke of Loulé |
11 August 1869 | 19 May 1870 | Historic | |||||
| 30 | |
João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira Daun, 1st Duke of Saldanha João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira Daun, 1st Duke of Saldanha Dom João Carlos Gregório Domingos Vicente Francisco de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, , 1st Count , 1st Marquis and 1st Duke of Saldanha ; , was a Portuguese marshal and statesman, a grandson of Pombal, born at Azinhaga. He studied at Coimbra, served against the French, and was made a prisoner in 1810... |
19 May 1870 | 29 August 1870 | Regenerator | |||||
| 31 | |
Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Marquess of Sá da Bandeira Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, 1st Baron, 1st Viscount and 1st Marquess de Sá da Bandeira was the Prime Minister of Portugal from November 5, 1836 - June 2, 1837... |
29 August 1870 | 29 October 1870 | Reformist | |||||
| 32 | |
António José de Ávila, Marquess of Ávila António José de Ávila, 1st Duke of Ávila and Bolama António José de Ávila was a Portuguese politician, mayor of the city of Horta, on the island of Faial, in the Azores, Civil Governor of the same, Peer-of-the-Realm, Minister of State, and later Ambassador to Spain.... |
29 October 1870 | 13 September 1871 | Reformist | |||||
| 33 |  |
António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo Fontes Pereira de Melo António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo GCTE KGF was a Portuguese statesman, politician, and engineer. He was the son of João de Fontes Pereira de Melo and wife and first cousin Jacinta Venância Rosa da Cunha Matos... |
13 September 1871 | 6 March 1877 | Regenerator | |||||
| 34 | |
António José de Ávila, Marquess of Ávila António José de Ávila, 1st Duke of Ávila and Bolama António José de Ávila was a Portuguese politician, mayor of the city of Horta, on the island of Faial, in the Azores, Civil Governor of the same, Peer-of-the-Realm, Minister of State, and later Ambassador to Spain.... |
6 March 1877 | 26 January 1878 | Reformist | |||||
| 35 | |
António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo Fontes Pereira de Melo António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo GCTE KGF was a Portuguese statesman, politician, and engineer. He was the son of João de Fontes Pereira de Melo and wife and first cousin Jacinta Venância Rosa da Cunha Matos... |
26 January 1878 | 29 May 1879 | Regenerator | |||||
| 36 | Anselmo José Braamcamp de Almeida Castelo Branco | 29 May 1879 | 23 March 1881 | Progressist Progressive Party (Portugal) The Progressive Party , along with the their opponent the Partido Regenerador, was a political party in Portugal during the constitutional monarchy at the end of the 19th century.-Ideology:... |
||||||
| 37 |  |
António Rodrigues Sampaio | 23 March 1881 | 14 November 1881 | Regenerator | |||||
| 38 | |
António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo Fontes Pereira de Melo António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo GCTE KGF was a Portuguese statesman, politician, and engineer. He was the son of João de Fontes Pereira de Melo and wife and first cousin Jacinta Venância Rosa da Cunha Matos... |
14 November 1881 | 16 February 1886 | Regenerator | |||||
| 39 |  |
José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real | 16 February 1886 | 14 January 1890 | Progressist Progressive Party (Portugal) The Progressive Party , along with the their opponent the Partido Regenerador, was a political party in Portugal during the constitutional monarchy at the end of the 19th century.-Ideology:... |
|||||
| 40 |  |
António de Serpa Pimentel António de Serpa Pimentel António de Serpa Pimentel was Prime Minister of Portugal from January 14 to October 11, 1890. His term in office began as a reaction to the British ultimatum concerning Portuguese colonial policy in southeast Africa... |
14 January 1890 | 11 October 1890 | Regenerator | |||||
| 41 |  |
João Crisóstomo de Abreu e Sousa | 11 October 1890 | 18 January 1892 | Independent | |||||
| 42 |  |
José Dias Ferreira José Dias Ferreira José Dias Ferreira, GCTE was a Portuguese lawyer, politician and jurist, son of António Ferreira Dias and wife Bernarda Pereira de Vasconcelos José Dias Ferreira, GCTE (Arganil, Pombeiro da Beira, 30 November 1837 – Vidago, 8 September 1909) was a Portuguese lawyer, politician and jurist,... |
18 January 1892 | 22 February 1893 | Independent | |||||
| 43 |  |
Ernesto Rudolfo Hintze Ribeiro Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro Ernesto Rodolfo Hintze Ribeiro, was a prominent Portuguese politician. His name sometimes appears styled as Ernesto Rudolfo, Ernesto Rodolpho Hintze Ribeiro and Ernst Rudolph Hintze Ribeiro... |
22 February 1893 | 5 February 1897 | Regenerator | |||||
| 44 | |
José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real | 5 February 1897 | 26 July 1900 | Progressist Progressive Party (Portugal) The Progressive Party , along with the their opponent the Partido Regenerador, was a political party in Portugal during the constitutional monarchy at the end of the 19th century.-Ideology:... |
|||||
| 45 | |
Ernesto Rudolfo Hintze Ribeiro Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro Ernesto Rodolfo Hintze Ribeiro, was a prominent Portuguese politician. His name sometimes appears styled as Ernesto Rudolfo, Ernesto Rodolpho Hintze Ribeiro and Ernst Rudolph Hintze Ribeiro... |
26 July 1900 | 20 October 1904 | Regenerator | |||||
| 46 | |
José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real | 20 October 1904 | 19 March 1906 | Progressist Progressive Party (Portugal) The Progressive Party , along with the their opponent the Partido Regenerador, was a political party in Portugal during the constitutional monarchy at the end of the 19th century.-Ideology:... |
|||||
| 47 | |
Ernesto Rudolfo Hintze Ribeiro Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro Ernesto Rodolfo Hintze Ribeiro, was a prominent Portuguese politician. His name sometimes appears styled as Ernesto Rudolfo, Ernesto Rodolpho Hintze Ribeiro and Ernst Rudolph Hintze Ribeiro... |
19 March 1906 | 19 May 1906 | Regenerator | |||||
| 48 |  |
João Ferreira Franco Pinto Castelo-Branco João Franco João Franco Ferreira Pinto Castelo-Branco, GCTE was a Portuguese politician, Minister, 43rd Minister for Treasury Affairs and 73rd Prime Minister in the last years of the Portuguese monarchy... |
19 May 1906 | 4 February 1908 | Liberal Regenerator | |||||
| 49 |  |
Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral, GCTS, KCVO was a Portuguese naval commander and politician.-Ancestry:... |
4 February 1908 | 26 December 1908 | Independent | |||||
| 50 |  |
Artur Alberto de Campos Henriques | 26 December 1908 | 11 April 1909 | Independent (Regenerator and Progressist Progressive Party (Portugal) The Progressive Party , along with the their opponent the Partido Regenerador, was a political party in Portugal during the constitutional monarchy at the end of the 19th century.-Ideology:... ) |
|||||
| 51 |  |
Sebastião Custódio de Sousa Teles | 11 April 1909 | 14 May 1909 | Independent | |||||
| 52 |  |
Wenceslau de Sousa Pereira de Lima | 14 May 1909 | 22 December 1909 | Independent | |||||
| 53 |  |
Francisco António da Veiga Beirão Francisco da Veiga Beirão Francisco António da Veiga Beirão , commonly known as Francisco da Veiga Beirão , or Veiga Beirão, was a Portuguese politician of the late period of the Constitutional Monarchy... |
22 December 1909 | 26 June 1910 | Regenerator | |||||
| 54 |  |
António Teixeira de Sousa António Teixeira de Sousa António Teixeira de Sousa, 2nd Count of Sousa Palmela was a Portuguese medical doctor and politician during the Constitutional Monarchy. He graduated in Medicine at the University of Porto, in 1883.A member of the conservative Regenerator Party, he was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies, in... |
26 June 1910 | 5 October 1910 | Regenerator | |||||
First Republic |
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| # | Portrait | President of the Ministry | Took office | Left office | Elected (Government) |
Party | ||||
| 55 |  |
Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga Teófilo Braga Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga ]] 24 February 1843 – 28 January 1924) was a Portuguese writer, playwright, politician and the leader of the Republican Provisional Government after the abdication of King Manuel II, as well as the second elected President of the First Portuguese Republic, following... |
5 October 1910 | 24 August 1911 | |
Republican Portuguese Republican Party The Portuguese Republican Party was a Portuguese political party formed during the late years of monarchy that proposed and conducted the substitution of the Constitutional Monarchy by the Portuguese First Republic.... |
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| 56 |  |
João Pinheiro Chagas João Chagas João Pinheiro Chagas was a Portuguese journalist and politician. He was born in Brazil, from Portuguese parents who soon moved back to Portugal. He was an editor at the newspapers "O Primeiro de Janeiro", "Correio do Norte", "O Tempo" and "O Dia"... |
4 September 1911 | 13 November 1911 | Republican Portuguese Republican Party The Portuguese Republican Party was a Portuguese political party formed during the late years of monarchy that proposed and conducted the substitution of the Constitutional Monarchy by the Portuguese First Republic.... |
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| 57 | Augusto César de Almeida de Vasconcelos Correia Augusto de Vasconcelos Augusto César de Almeida de Vasconcelos Correia, GCSE , better known as Augusto de Vasconcelos was a Portuguese surgeon, politician and diplomat.-Career:... |
13 November 1911 | 16 June 1912 | Republican Portuguese Republican Party The Portuguese Republican Party was a Portuguese political party formed during the late years of monarchy that proposed and conducted the substitution of the Constitutional Monarchy by the Portuguese First Republic.... |
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| 58 | Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva Duarte Leite Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva, GCC Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva, GCC Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva, GCC (Porto, 11 August 1864 - Porto, 29 September 1950; , was a Portuguese historian, mathematician, journalist, diplomat and politician. He graduated in Mathematics at the University of Coimbra, in... |
16 June 1912 | 9 January 1913 | Republican Portuguese Republican Party The Portuguese Republican Party was a Portuguese political party formed during the late years of monarchy that proposed and conducted the substitution of the Constitutional Monarchy by the Portuguese First Republic.... |
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| 59 |  |
Afonso Augusto da Costa Afonso Costa Afonso Augusto da Costa, GCTE, GCL was a Portuguese lawyer, professor, and republican politician.-Political career:Costa was the leader of the Portuguese Republican Party, and he was one of the major figures of the Portuguese First Republic. He was a republican deputy in the Chamber of Deputies... |
9 January 1913 | 9 February 1914 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 60 |  |
Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães | 9 February 1914 | 12 December 1914 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 61 | "Vítor Hugo" de Azevedo Coutinho Vítor Hugo de Azevedo Coutinho Victor Hugo de Azevedo Coutinho, 18th Count of Azevedo , GCC was a Portuguese naval officer, politician and professor, at the University of Coimbra and later the Escola Naval... |
12 December 1914 | 28 January 1915 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 62 |  |
Joaquim Pereira Pimenta de Castro Joaquim Pimenta de Castro Joaquim Pereira Pimenta de Castro, 10th Count of Pimenta de Castro was a Portuguese army officer and politician. He was a career military officer reaching the position of General, also graduated in Mathematics by the University of Coimbra. In 1908, he was nominated commander of the 3rd Military... |
28 January 1915 | 14 May 1915 | Independent | |||||
| - | Constitutional Junta composed of: José Norton de Matos José Norton de Matos José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos, GCTE, GCL was a general and a Portuguese politician.-1880s:... António Maria da Silva António Maria da Silva António Maria da Silva, GCTE was a Portuguese politician. An engineer, he was a prominent member of the Portuguese Republican Party. He was Prime Minister for four times, during the Portuguese First Republic. After his party victory in the legislative elections of 8 November 1925, he was invited... José de Freitas Ribeiro Alfredo de Sá Cardoso Alfredo de Sá Cardoso Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso , commonly known as Alfredo de Sá Cardoso , or just Sá Cardoso, was a Portuguese republican politician of the Portuguese First Republic, who served twice as Prime Minister of Portugal.- Biography :Sá Cardoso was the son of Adelaide Leopoldina de Sá Cardoso... Álvaro de Castro Álvaro de Castro Álvaro Xavier de Castro was Prime Minister of Portugal from November 20 to November 30, 1920 and from December 18, 1923 to July 6, 1924.-Early career:... |
14 May 1915 | 15 May 1915 | Independent | ||||||
| - | |
João Pinheiro Chagas João Chagas João Pinheiro Chagas was a Portuguese journalist and politician. He was born in Brazil, from Portuguese parents who soon moved back to Portugal. He was an editor at the newspapers "O Primeiro de Janeiro", "Correio do Norte", "O Tempo" and "O Dia"... (did not take office) |
15 May 1915 | 17 May 1915 | Independent | |||||
| 63 | José Augusto Soares Ribeiro de Castro José de Castro José Augusto Soares Ribeiro de Castro José Augusto Soares Ribeiro de Castro José Augusto Soares Ribeiro de Castro (Valhelhas, 7 April 1868 - 31 July 1929; , was a Portuguese lawyer, journalist and politician. He graduated in Law at the University of Coimbra, and was a lawyer in Lisbon and Guarda... |
17 May 1915 | 29 November 1915 | |
Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 64 | |
Afonso Augusto da Costa Afonso Costa Afonso Augusto da Costa, GCTE, GCL was a Portuguese lawyer, professor, and republican politician.-Political career:Costa was the leader of the Portuguese Republican Party, and he was one of the major figures of the Portuguese First Republic. He was a republican deputy in the Chamber of Deputies... |
29 November 1915 | 16 March 1916 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 65 |  |
António José de Almeida António José de Almeida António José de Almeida, GCTE, GCA, GCC, GCSE, , son of José António de Almeida and wife Maria Rita das Neves, was a Portuguese political figure... |
16 March 1916 | 25 April 1917 | Sacred Union (Evolutionist Republican with the Democrats Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... ) |
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| 66 | |
Afonso Augusto da Costa Afonso Costa Afonso Augusto da Costa, GCTE, GCL was a Portuguese lawyer, professor, and republican politician.-Political career:Costa was the leader of the Portuguese Republican Party, and he was one of the major figures of the Portuguese First Republic. He was a republican deputy in the Chamber of Deputies... |
25 April 1917 | 7 October 1917 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| - | José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos José Norton de Matos José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos, GCTE, GCL was a general and a Portuguese politician.-1880s:... (interim) |
7 October 1917 | 25 October 1917 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| |
Afonso Augusto da Costa Afonso Costa Afonso Augusto da Costa, GCTE, GCL was a Portuguese lawyer, professor, and republican politician.-Political career:Costa was the leader of the Portuguese Republican Party, and he was one of the major figures of the Portuguese First Republic. He was a republican deputy in the Chamber of Deputies... |
25 October 1917 | 17 November 1917 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos José Norton de Matos José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos, GCTE, GCL was a general and a Portuguese politician.-1880s:... (interim) |
17 November 1917 | 8 December 1917 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 67 |  |
Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais Sidónio Pais Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais was a Portuguese politician and diplomat, the fourth President in 1918. He was known as the President-King.-Family:... |
8 December 1917 | 14 December 1918 | |
National Republican | ||||
| 68 |  |
João do Canto e Castro da Silva Antunes Júnior João do Canto e Castro João do Canto e Castro da Silva Antunes,, 8th marquess of Luiviada, 2nd duke of Notarmos, 22nd Lord of Guimevra, commonly known as João do Canto e Castro or just Canto e Castro was a Portuguese Marine officer and the fifth President of the Portuguese Republic from December 16, 1918 to October 5,... |
14 December 1918 | 23 December 1918 | National Republican | |||||
| 69 |  |
João Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa João Tamagnini Barbosa João Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa , commonly known by João Tamagnini Barbosa , or Tamagnini Barbosa, was a Portuguese military officer and politician of the Portuguese First Republic... |
23 December 1918 | 27 January 1919 | National Republican | |||||
| 70 |  |
José Maria Mascarenhas Relvas José Relvas José Maria Mascarenhas Relvas José Maria Mascarenhas Relvas José Maria Mascarenhas Relvas (Golegã, Golegã, March 5, 1858 - Alpiarça, Casa dos Patudos, October 31, 1929; , was a Portuguese politician.-Political career:... |
27 January 1919 | 30 March 1919 | Independent | |||||
| 71 | Domingos Leite Pereira | 30 March 1919 | 30 June 1919 | |
Independent | |||||
| 72 | Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso Alfredo de Sá Cardoso Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso , commonly known as Alfredo de Sá Cardoso , or just Sá Cardoso, was a Portuguese republican politician of the Portuguese First Republic, who served twice as Prime Minister of Portugal.- Biography :Sá Cardoso was the son of Adelaide Leopoldina de Sá Cardoso... |
30 June 1919 | 15 January 1920 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| - |  |
Francisco José Fernandes Costa Francisco José Fernandes Costa Francisco José Fernandes Costa was a Portuguese lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Portuguese Republican Party and later of the Evolutionist Party, the Liberal Party and the Nationalist Party. He was civil governor of Coimbra, minister of the Navy and Commerce... (did not take office) |
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Liberal Republican | ||||||
| - | Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso Alfredo de Sá Cardoso Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso , commonly known as Alfredo de Sá Cardoso , or just Sá Cardoso, was a Portuguese republican politician of the Portuguese First Republic, who served twice as Prime Minister of Portugal.- Biography :Sá Cardoso was the son of Adelaide Leopoldina de Sá Cardoso... (reconducted) |
15 January 1920 | 21 January 1920 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 73 | Domingos Leite Pereira | 21 January 1920 | 8 March 1920 | Independent | ||||||
| 74 |  |
António Maria Baptista António Maria Baptista António Maria Baptista, GCTE was a Portuguese military officer and politician. When he was lieutenant, he fought in Mozambique, during the wars of pacification against the Vátuas, led by Gungunhana. He was promoted to colonel in 1917. He fought the monarchist uprising of 1919, and was nominated... |
8 March 1920 | 6 June 1920 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 75 | José Ramos Preto José Ramos Preto José Ramos Preto was a Portuguese jurist and politician during the Portuguese First Republic. Among other posts, he served as civil governor, senator, minister and president of the Ministry... |
6 June 1920 | 26 June 1920 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 76 |  |
António Maria da Silva António Maria da Silva António Maria da Silva, GCTE was a Portuguese politician. An engineer, he was a prominent member of the Portuguese Republican Party. He was Prime Minister for four times, during the Portuguese First Republic. After his party victory in the legislative elections of 8 November 1925, he was invited... |
26 June 1920 | 19 July 1920 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... (with the Socialists and Populars) |
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| 77 |  |
António Joaquim Granjo António Granjo António Joaquim Granjo was a Portuguese lawyer and politician.He was a republican from his youth, and was a member of the National Constituent Assembly, elected on 28 May 1911... |
19 July 1920 | 20 November 1920 | Liberal Republican (with the National Reconstitution Republicans) |
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| 78 | Álvaro Xavier de Castro Álvaro de Castro Álvaro Xavier de Castro was Prime Minister of Portugal from November 20 to November 30, 1920 and from December 18, 1923 to July 6, 1924.-Early career:... |
20 November 1920 | 30 November 1920 | National Reconstitution Republican (with the Democratics Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... and Populars) |
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| 79 | Liberato Damião Ribeiro Pinto Liberato Pinto Liberato Damião Ribeiro Pinto was a Portuguese Lieutenant Colonel of the Republican National Guard , politician and President of the Ministry of one of the governments of the Portuguese First Republic... |
30 November 1920 | 2 March 1921 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... (with National Reconstitution Republicans and Populars) |
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| 80 | |
Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães | 2 March 1921 | 23 May 1921 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... (with National Reconstitution Republicans and Populars) |
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| 81 |  |
Tomé José de Barros Queirós Tomé de Barros Queirós Tomé José de Barros Queirós was a Portuguese trader, capitalist and politician of the period of the Portuguese First Republic... |
23 May 1921 | 30 August 1921 | |
Liberal Republican | ||||
| 82 | |
António Joaquim Granjo António Granjo António Joaquim Granjo was a Portuguese lawyer and politician.He was a republican from his youth, and was a member of the National Constituent Assembly, elected on 28 May 1911... |
30 August 1921 | 19 October 1921 | Liberal Republican | |||||
| 83 | António Manuel Maria Coelho Manuel Maria Coelho Manuel Maria Coelho was a Portuguese military officer of the Portuguese Army and politician during the period of the Portuguese First Republic. Among other posts, he served as governor of Angola... |
19 October 1921 | 5 November 1921 | Independent | ||||||
| 84 | Carlos Henrique da Silva Maia Pinto Carlos Maia Pinto Carlos Henriques da Silva Maia Pinto , more commonly known as Carlos Maia Pinto, was a Portuguese military officer and republican politician during the Portuguese First Republic who, among others posts, served as President of the Ministry .... |
5 November 1921 | 16 December 1921 | Independent | ||||||
| 85 |  |
Francisco Pinto da Cunha Leal Francisco Cunha Leal Francisco Pinto da Cunha Leal was a Portuguese politician during the period of the Portuguese First Republic. He served as President of the Ministry between 1921 and 1922.... |
16 December 1921 | 7 February 1922 | |
Independent | ||||
| 86 | |
António Maria da Silva António Maria da Silva António Maria da Silva, GCTE was a Portuguese politician. An engineer, he was a prominent member of the Portuguese Republican Party. He was Prime Minister for four times, during the Portuguese First Republic. After his party victory in the legislative elections of 8 November 1925, he was invited... |
7 February 1922 | 15 November 1923 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 87 | António Ginestal Machado António Ginestal Machado António Ginestal Machado was a Portuguese politician. He was graduated in Law by the University of Coimbra and a high-school teacher. A member of the moderated Republican Union, he was one of the promoters of its fusion with the Evolutionist Republican Party, that originated the Liberal Republican... |
15 November 1923 | 18 December 1923 | Nationalist Republican | ||||||
| 88 | Álvaro Xavier de Castro Álvaro de Castro Álvaro Xavier de Castro was Prime Minister of Portugal from November 20 to November 30, 1920 and from December 18, 1923 to July 6, 1924.-Early career:... |
18 December 1923 | 7 July 1924 | Nationalist Republican (with the Democratics Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... ) |
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| 89 | Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar was Portuguese military officer and politician. Rodrigues Gaspar was President of the Ministry of one of the many governments of the Portuguese First Republic.... |
7 July 1924 | 22 November 1924 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 90 | José Domingues dos Santos José Domingues dos Santos José Domingues dos Santos was a Portuguese politician, jurist, professor and journalist who, among other positions, served as President of the Council of Ministers of one of the many governments of the Portuguese First Republic... |
22 November 1924 | 15 February 1925 | Democratic Leftwing Republican | ||||||
| 91 |  |
Vitorino Máximo de Carvalho Guimarães Vitorino Guimarães Vitorino Máximo de Carvalho Guimarães was an economist and politician. He became Chairman of the board of Ministers of one of the governments of First Portuguese Republic in 1925, he entered the School of the Army in 1901, graduating as official of military administration and initiating a career... |
15 February 1925 | 1 July 1925 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 92 | |
António Maria da Silva António Maria da Silva António Maria da Silva, GCTE was a Portuguese politician. An engineer, he was a prominent member of the Portuguese Republican Party. He was Prime Minister for four times, during the Portuguese First Republic. After his party victory in the legislative elections of 8 November 1925, he was invited... |
1 July 1925 | 1 August 1925 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 93 | Domingos Leite Pereira | 1 August 1925 | 18 December 1925 | |
Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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| 94 | |
António Maria da Silva António Maria da Silva António Maria da Silva, GCTE was a Portuguese politician. An engineer, he was a prominent member of the Portuguese Republican Party. He was Prime Minister for four times, during the Portuguese First Republic. After his party victory in the legislative elections of 8 November 1925, he was invited... |
18 December 1925 | 30 May 1926 | Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic... |
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Second Republic (1926–1974) |
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| # | Portrait | President of the Council of Ministers | Took office | Left office | Elected (Government) |
Party | ||||
| Ditadura Nacional Ditadura Nacional The Ditadura Nacional was the name of the Portuguese regime initiated by the election of President Óscar Carmona in 1928 that lasted until the adoption of the new constitution in 1933, when the régime changed its name to Estado Novo... – Military Dictatorship (1926–1933) |
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| 95 | .jpg) |
José Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior José Mendes Cabeçadas José Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior, OTE, ComA , commonly known as Mendes Cabeçadas , was a Portuguese Marine officer, free mason and republican, having a major role in the preparation of the revolutionary movements that created and ended the Portuguese First Republic: the 5 October revolution in 1910 and... |
30 May 1926 | 19 June 1926 | None | |||||
| 96 |  |
Manuel de Oliveira Gomes da Costa | 19 June 1926 | 9 July 1926 | None | |||||
| 97 |  |
António Óscar Fragoso Carmona | 9 July 1926 | 18 April 1928 | None | |||||
| 98 | José Vicente de Freitas | 18 April 1928 | 8 July 1929 | None | ||||||
| 99 |  |
Artur Ivens Ferraz Artur Ivens Ferraz General Artur Ivens Ferraz General Artur Ivens Ferraz General Artur Ivens Ferraz (Lisbon, 1 December 1870–Lisbon, 16 January 1933; , was a Portuguese military officer and politician. He served in the Portuguese Expeditionary Force during the Portuguese participation in World War I, in France.... |
8 July 1929 | 21 January 1930 | None | |||||
| 100 | Domingos Augusto Alves da Costa e Oliveira Domingos da Costa e Oliveira Domingos Augusto Alves da Costa Oliveira, GCTE was a Portuguese politician and general. He was nominated, on January 21, 1930, Prime Minister of Portugal during the period of the Ditadura Nacional that preceded the Estado Novo... |
21 January 1930 | 5 July 1932 | National Union National Union (Portugal) The National Union was the only legal political party in Portugal for most of the period of the Estado Novo, a right-wing dictatorship dominated by António de Oliveira Salazar.... |
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| Estado Novo – New State (1933–1974) | ||||||||||
| 101 | António de Oliveira Salazar António de Oliveira Salazar António de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE served as the Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968. He also served as acting President of the Republic briefly in 1951. He founded and led the Estado Novo , the authoritarian, right-wing government that presided over and controlled Portugal... |
5 July 1932 | 25 September 1968 | |
National Union National Union (Portugal) The National Union was the only legal political party in Portugal for most of the period of the Estado Novo, a right-wing dictatorship dominated by António de Oliveira Salazar.... |
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| 102 |  |
Marcello José das Neves Alves Caetano | 25 September 1968 | 25 April 1974 | |
National Union National Union (Portugal) The National Union was the only legal political party in Portugal for most of the period of the Estado Novo, a right-wing dictatorship dominated by António de Oliveira Salazar.... (in 1970 renamed People's National Action National Union (Portugal) The National Union was the only legal political party in Portugal for most of the period of the Estado Novo, a right-wing dictatorship dominated by António de Oliveira Salazar.... ) |
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Third Republic (1974–Present) |
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| # | Portrait | Prime Minister | Took office | Left office | Elected (Government) |
Party | ||||
| Provisional Governments of the Revolutionary Period Carnation Revolution The Carnation Revolution , also referred to as the 25 de Abril , was a military coup started on 25 April 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, coupled with an unanticipated and extensive campaign of civil resistance... (1974–1976) |
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| - | National Salvation Junta National Salvation Junta The National Salvation Junta was a group of military officers designated to maintain the government of Portugal in April 1974, after the Carnation Revolution had overthrown the Estado Novo dictatorial regime. This junta functioned between 1974 and 1976, following a communiqué of its president,... composed of: António de Spínola António de Spínola António Sebastião Ribeiro de Spínola , GCTE, ComA was a Portuguese soldier, conservative politician and author, who was important in the transition to democracy following the Portuguese Carnation... Francisco da Costa Gomes Francisco da Costa Gomes Francisco da Costa Gomes, ComTE, GOA |Chaves]], 30 June 1914 – Lisbon, Lapa, 31 July 2001), was a Portuguese military officer and politician, the 15th President of the Portuguese Republic .-Life:... Jaime Silvério Marques Diogo Neto Carlos Galvão de Melo Carlos Galvão de Melo Carlos Galvão de Melo was a Portuguese military officer from the Portuguese Air Force.... José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo Admiral José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo, GCL was a Portuguese political figure, reformer and revolutionary. He helped overthrow Marcelo Caetano in 1974. He served as the 105th prime minister of Portugal between 19 September 1975 and 23 June 1976... António Rosa Coutinho |
25 April 1974 | 16 May 1974 | None | ||||||
| 103 | Adelino da Palma Carlos Adelino da Palma Carlos Adelino da Palma Carlos, GCC, GCIH, GOL , was a Portuguese lawyer, scholar, politician and a freemason, one of at least five sons of Manuel Carlos and wife Auta Vaz Velho da Palma... |
16 May 1974 | 18 July 1974 | Independent | ||||||
| 104 | Vasco dos Santos Gonçalves Vasco Gonçalves General Vasco dos Santos Gonçalves was a Portuguese army officer in the Engineering Corps who took part in the Carnation Revolution and later served as the 104th Prime Minister from 18 July 1974 to 19 September 1975.... |
18 July 1974 | 19 September 1975 | |
Independent |
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| 105 | José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo Admiral José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo, GCL was a Portuguese political figure, reformer and revolutionary. He helped overthrow Marcelo Caetano in 1974. He served as the 105th prime minister of Portugal between 19 September 1975 and 23 June 1976... |
19 September 1975 | 23 June 1976 | Independent | ||||||
| 106 | Vasco Fernando Leotte de Almeida e Costa Vasco de Almeida e Costa Vasco Fernando Leotte de Almeida e Costa, GCIH, GCL , was a Portuguese naval officer and politician who served as Minister of Internal Administration during José Pinheiro de Azevedo's government, between 19 September 1975 and 23 July 1976. He also had an important role during the Portuguese... (interim http://dre.pt/pdfgratisa5/1976/06/14503.pdf) |
23 June 1976 | 23 July 1976 | Independent | ||||||
| Prime Ministers heading Constitutional Governments Portuguese Third Republic The Third Portuguese Republic is a period in the history of Portugal corresponding to the current democratic regime installed after the Carnation Revolution of 25 April 1974, that put an end to the paternal autocratic regime of Estado Novo of António de Oliveira Salazar and Marcello Caetano... (1976-) |
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| 107 | Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares Mário Soares Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares, GColTE, GCC, GColL, KE , Portuguese politician, served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1976 to 1978 and from 1983 to 1985, and subsequently as the 17th President of Portugal from 1986 to 1996.-Family:... |
23 July 1976 | 28 August 1978 | Portuguese legislative election, 1976 The Portuguese legislative election of 1976 took place on April 25, exactly one year after the previous election, and two years after the Carnation Revolution... (1st) |
Socialist Socialist Party (Portugal) The Socialist Party , abbreviated to PS, is a social-democratic political party in Portugal. It was founded on 19 April 1973 in the German city of Bad Münstereifel, by militants from Portuguese Socialist Action .... (from 1977 with the Democratic and Social Centre Democratic and Social Center / People's Party The Democratic and Social Centre – People's Party , abbreviated to CDS–PP, is a Portuguese political party, with an ideological foundation of Conservatism, Christian democracy and classical liberalism. In voting ballots its name appears only as People's Party, with the acronym CDS–PP unchanged.It... ) |
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| 108 |  |
Alfredo Jorge Nobre da Costa | 28 August 1978 | 22 November 1978 | |
Independent (presidential nomination) | ||||
| 109 |  |
Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto Carlos Mota Pinto Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto, GCC, GCIP, was a Portuguese professor and politician.-Career:He graduated as a Licentiate in Law and Doctorate in Judicial Sciences from the Faculty of Law of the University of Coimbra. He was also a Professor at the Portuguese Catholic University and several foreign... |
22 November 1978 | 1 August 1979 | |
Independent (presidential nomination) (Social Democratic Social Democratic Party (Portugal) The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party... ) |
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| 110 | Maria de Lourdes Ruivo da Silva de Matos Pintasilgo | 1 August 1979 | 3 January 1980 | Independent (presidential nomination) | ||||||
| Portuguese legislative election, 1979 The Portuguese legislative election of 1979 took place on December 2. The last election, three and a half years before, in April 1976, was won by the Socialist Party under the lead of Mário Soares, who became the Prime-Minister of the 1st Constitutional government after the revolution... (5th) |
Socialist Socialist Party (Portugal) The Socialist Party , abbreviated to PS, is a social-democratic political party in Portugal. It was founded on 19 April 1973 in the German city of Bad Münstereifel, by militants from Portuguese Socialist Action .... |
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| 111 | Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro Francisco Sá Carneiro Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro, GCTE, GCC, GCL founded the Portuguese Social Democratic Party in 1974 and was elected Prime Minister of Portugal in January 1980, but only held office for eleven months, dying in a plane crash with his partner, Snu Abecassis, on December 4, 1980... |
3 January 1980 | 4 December 1980 (died) | Portuguese legislative election, 1980 The Portuguese legislative election of 1980 took place on October 5.In January 1980, the Democratic Alliance, which had won the previous election, on December 2 of 1979, entered office with Francisco Sá Carneiro leading the government... (6th) |
Democratic Alliance Democratic Alliance (Portugal) The Democratic Alliance was a coalition in Portugal between the Social Democratic Party , the Democratic Social Center and the People's Monarchist Party , including also a group of... (Social Democratic Social Democratic Party (Portugal) The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party... ) |
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| 112 | Diogo Pinto de Freitas do Amaral (interim) |
4 December 1980 | 9 January 1981 | Democratic Alliance Democratic Alliance (Portugal) The Democratic Alliance was a coalition in Portugal between the Social Democratic Party , the Democratic Social Center and the People's Monarchist Party , including also a group of... (Democratic and Social Centre Democratic and Social Center / People's Party The Democratic and Social Centre – People's Party , abbreviated to CDS–PP, is a Portuguese political party, with an ideological foundation of Conservatism, Christian democracy and classical liberalism. In voting ballots its name appears only as People's Party, with the acronym CDS–PP unchanged.It... ) |
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Francisco José Pereira Pinto Balsemão Francisco Pinto Balsemão Francisco José Pereira Pinto Balsemão, GCC , is a former Prime Minister of Portugal, who served from 1981 to 1983.-Background:He is the son of Henrique Patrício de Balsemão and wife Maria Adelaide van Zeller de Castro Pereira , granddaughter in male line of an adulterine son of King Pedro... |
9 January 1981 | 9 June 1983 | |
Democratic Alliance Democratic Alliance (Portugal) The Democratic Alliance was a coalition in Portugal between the Social Democratic Party , the Democratic Social Center and the People's Monarchist Party , including also a group of... (Social Democratic Social Democratic Party (Portugal) The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party... ) |
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| 114 | Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares Mário Soares Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares, GColTE, GCC, GColL, KE , Portuguese politician, served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1976 to 1978 and from 1983 to 1985, and subsequently as the 17th President of Portugal from 1986 to 1996.-Family:... |
9 June 1983 | 6 November 1985 | Portuguese legislative election, 1983 The Portuguese legislative election of 1983 took place on April 25. The last election, in October 1980 had been won by a right-wing coalition, the Democratic Alliance and Francisco Sá Carneiro had retained office as Prime Minister with an increased majority... (9th) |
Socialist Socialist Party (Portugal) The Socialist Party , abbreviated to PS, is a social-democratic political party in Portugal. It was founded on 19 April 1973 in the German city of Bad Münstereifel, by militants from Portuguese Socialist Action .... (with the Social Democratic Party Social Democratic Party (Portugal) The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party... ) |
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Aníbal António Cavaco Silva Aníbal Cavaco Silva Aníbal António Cavaco Silva, GCC , is the President of Portugal. He won the Portuguese presidential election on 22 January 2006 and was re-elected on 23 January 2011, for a second five-year term. Cavaco Silva was sworn in on 9 March 2006.... |
6 November 1985 | 28 October 1995 | Portuguese legislative election, 1985 The Portuguese legislative election of 1985 took place on October 6. In June of the same year, the former Prime-Minister, Mário Soares, had resigned from the job due to the lack of parliamentary support, the government was composed by a coalition of the two major parties, the center-right Social... (10th) |
Social Democratic Social Democratic Party (Portugal) The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party... |
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| Portuguese legislative election, 1987 The Portuguese legislative election of 1987 took place on July 19. In the last election, in 1985, the Social Democratic Party had achieved a relative majority, thing that made its government very weak, managing to survive in coalition with the Democratic Social Center and the Democratic Renovator... (11th) |
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| Portuguese legislative election, 1991 The Portuguese legislative election of 1991 took place on October 6. The Social Democratic Party, under the lead of Cavaco Silva, won a historic third term and won with an absolute majority for the second consecutive turn, achieving a higher share than in the previous election, losing, however, 13... (12th) |
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| 116 | António Manuel de Oliveira Guterres António Guterres António Manuel de Oliveira Guterres, GCC is a Portuguese politician, a former prime minister and President of the Socialist International. Currently he is the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.-Early life:... |
28 October 1995 | 6 April 2002 | Portuguese legislative election, 1995 The Portuguese legislative election of 1995 took place on October 1. The Socialist Party defeated the Social Democratic Party under the lead of António Guterres, elected some months before, but missed the absolute majority by 4 MPs. The Social Democratic party under the lead of Fernando Nogueira... (13th) |
Socialist Socialist Party (Portugal) The Socialist Party , abbreviated to PS, is a social-democratic political party in Portugal. It was founded on 19 April 1973 in the German city of Bad Münstereifel, by militants from Portuguese Socialist Action .... |
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| Portuguese legislative election, 1999 The Portuguese legislative election of 1999 took place on October 10. The Socialist Party was aiming a second term under the lead of António Guterres, in the end the Socialist Party won the election, but missed what would be an historical absolute majority for the party by only one MP.The Social... (14th) |
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José Manuel Durão Barroso | 6 April 2002 | 17 July 2004 | Portuguese legislative election, 2002 The Portuguese legislative election of 2002 took place on March 17. These elections were called after the resignation of the former Prime-Minister, António Guterres after a defeat of the Socialist Party in the local election of 2001... (15th) |
Social Democratic Social Democratic Party (Portugal) The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party... (with the People's Party) |
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Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes Pedro Santana Lopes Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes , a Portuguese lawyer and politician, was Prime Minister of Portugal from 2004 to 2005. He is a former and current Member of the Portuguese Parliament.-Background:... |
17 July 2004 | 12 March 2005 | |
Social Democratic Social Democratic Party (Portugal) The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party... (with the People's Party) |
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| 119 | José Sócrates de Carvalho Pinto de Sousa José Sócrates José Sócrates Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, GCIH , commonly known by José Sócrates , is a Portuguese politician who was the Prime Minister of Portugal from 12 March 2005 to 21 June 2011.... |
12 March 2005 | 21 June 2011 | Portuguese legislative election, 2005 The Portuguese legislative election of 2005 took place on February 20. These elections were called after the decision of President Jorge Sampaio on November 30, 2004 to dissolve the Parliament as an answer to the political instability caused by the government led by Pedro Santana Lopes in... (17th) |
Socialist Socialist Party (Portugal) The Socialist Party , abbreviated to PS, is a social-democratic political party in Portugal. It was founded on 19 April 1973 in the German city of Bad Münstereifel, by militants from Portuguese Socialist Action .... |
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| Portuguese legislative election, 2009 Legislative elections in Portugal were held on 27 September 2009 to renew all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic. The Socialist Party, led by incumbent Prime Minister José Sócrates, won the largest number of seats, but didn't repeat the overall majority they gained in 2005.The Socialist... (18th) |
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| 120 | Pedro Manuel Mamede Passos Coelho Pedro Passos Coelho Pedro Manuel Mamede Passos Coelho , is Prime Minister of Portugal. Passos Coelho started very early in politics, becoming the national leader of the youth branch of the Social Democratic Party... |
21 June 2011 | Incumbent | Portuguese legislative election, 2011 A general election was held in Portugal on 5 June 2011 to elect all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic. Pedro Passos Coelho led the center-right Social Democratic Party to victory over the Socialist Party, led by incumbent Prime Minister José Sócrates... (19th) |
Social Democratic Social Democratic Party (Portugal) The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party... (with the People's Party) |
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See also
- List of Prime Ministers of Portugal by time in office
- List of Presidents of Portugal
- List of Presidents of Portugal by longevity
- Politics of PortugalPolitics of PortugalPolitics in Portugal take place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. The President of the Republic is the head of state and has several significant political powers, which he...
- Lists of incumbents