List of Presidents of Portugal - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The complete list of Presidents of the Portuguese Republic consists of the 20 heads of state in the history of

History of Portugal

The history of Portugal, a European and an Atlantic nation, dates back to the Early Middle Ages. In the 15th and 16th centuries, it ascended to the status of a world power during Europe's "Age of Discovery" as it built up a vast empire including possessions in South America, Africa, Asia and...

Portugal since the October 5, 1910 revolution that installed a republican

Republicanism

Republicanism is the ideology of governing a nation as a republic, where the head of state is appointed by means other than heredity, often elections. The exact meaning of republicanism varies depending on the cultural and historical context...

regime. This list includes not only those persons who were sworn into office as President of Portugal

President of Portugal

Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....

but also those who de facto served as head of state since 1910. This is the case of Teófilo Braga

Teófilo Braga

Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga ]] 24 February 1843 – 28 January 1924) was a Portuguese writer, playwright, politician and the leader of the Republican Provisional Government after the abdication of King Manuel II, as well as the second elected President of the First Portuguese Republic, following...

who served as President of the Provisional Government after the republican coup d'état. Also Sidónio Pais

Sidónio Pais

Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais was a Portuguese politician and diplomat, the fourth President in 1918. He was known as the President-King.-Family:...

, Mendes Cabeçadas, Gomes da Costa

Gomes da Costa

Manuel de Oliveira Gomes da Costa, GOTE, GCA, commonly known as Manuel Gomes da Costa , or just Gomes da Costa , son of Carlos Dias da Costa Manuel de Oliveira Gomes da Costa, GOTE, GCA, commonly known as Manuel Gomes da Costa , or just Gomes da Costa (Lisbon, January 14, 1863 – Lisbon,...

, as well as Canto e Castro and Óscar Carmona

Óscar Carmona

António Óscar Fragoso Carmona, ComC, GCA, ComSE, was the 11th President of Portugal , having been Minister of War in 1923.-Political Origin:...

in their early months, were not sworn into office as the President of the Republic, usually being the President of the Ministry (Prime Minister), but de facto accumulation this functions with that of the Head of State. See the notes for more information.

The numbering reflects the uninterrupted terms in office served by a single man. For example, Jorge Sampaio served two consecutive terms and is counted as the 19th president (not the 19th and 20th). Teófilo Braga

Teófilo Braga

served as the first and sole president of the Provisional Government, and therefore is not considered to be the first President, although he would serve again as head of state and be the second president after the resignation of Manuel de Arriaga

Manuel de Arriaga

Manuel José de Arriaga Brum da Silveira e Peyrelongue was a Portuguese lawyer, the first Attorney-General and the first elected President of the First Portuguese Republic, following the abdication of King Manuel II of Portugal and a Republican Provisional Government headed by Teófilo Braga Manuel...

. However, Bernardino Machado served two non-consecutive terms, and he is counted as both the third and the eighth presidents. Because of this, the list below contains 20 presidencies, but only 19 presidents.

The current President of Portugal is Aníbal Cavaco Silva

Aníbal Cavaco Silva

Aníbal António Cavaco Silva, GCC , is the President of Portugal. He won the Portuguese presidential election on 22 January 2006 and was re-elected on 23 January 2011, for a second five-year term. Cavaco Silva was sworn in on 9 March 2006....

, the winner of the 2011 presidential election

Portuguese presidential election, 2011

The 2011 Portuguese presidential election was held on January 23, 2011. This election resulted in the re-election of Aníbal Cavaco Silva to a second term as President of Portugal. Turnout in this election was very low, where only 46.52% of the electorate cast their ballots...

.

The colors indicate the political affiliation of each President.

Presidents

Term	#	President	Took office	Left office	Party
Provisional Government of the Republic (1910–1911)
-	-	Teófilo Braga Teófilo Braga Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga ]] 24 February 1843 – 28 January 1924) was a Portuguese writer, playwright, politician and the leader of the Republican Provisional Government after the abdication of King Manuel II, as well as the second elected President of the First Portuguese Republic, following...	October 5, 1910	August 24, 1911	Republican Portuguese Republican Party The Portuguese Republican Party was a Portuguese political party formed during the late years of monarchy that proposed and conducted the substitution of the Constitutional Monarchy by the Portuguese First Republic....
First Republic Portuguese First Republic The Portuguese First Republic spans a complex 16 year period in the history of Portugal, between the end of the period of constitutional monarchy marked by the 5 October 1910 revolution and the 28 May coup d'état of 1926... (1911–1926)
1	1	Manuel de Arriaga Manuel de Arriaga Manuel José de Arriaga Brum da Silveira e Peyrelongue was a Portuguese lawyer, the first Attorney-General and the first elected President of the First Portuguese Republic, following the abdication of King Manuel II of Portugal and a Republican Provisional Government headed by Teófilo Braga Manuel...	August 24, 1911	May 26, 1915	Republican Portuguese Republican Party The Portuguese Republican Party was a Portuguese political party formed during the late years of monarchy that proposed and conducted the substitution of the Constitutional Monarchy by the Portuguese First Republic.... later Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic...
1	2	Teófilo Braga Teófilo Braga Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga ]] 24 February 1843 – 28 January 1924) was a Portuguese writer, playwright, politician and the leader of the Republican Provisional Government after the abdication of King Manuel II, as well as the second elected President of the First Portuguese Republic, following...	May 29, 1915	August 5, 1915	Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic...
2	3	Bernardino Machado	August 6, 1915	December 5, 1917	Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic...
2	4	Sidónio Pais Sidónio Pais Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais was a Portuguese politician and diplomat, the fourth President in 1918. He was known as the President-King.-Family:...	April 28, 1918	December 14, 1918	National Republican or "Sidonist"
2	5	João do Canto e Castro João do Canto e Castro João do Canto e Castro da Silva Antunes,, 8th marquess of Luiviada, 2nd duke of Notarmos, 22nd Lord of Guimevra, commonly known as João do Canto e Castro or just Canto e Castro was a Portuguese Marine officer and the fifth President of the Portuguese Republic from December 16, 1918 to October 5,...	December 14, 1918	October 5, 1919	National Republican or "Sidonist"
3	6	António José de Almeida António José de Almeida António José de Almeida, GCTE, GCA, GCC, GCSE, , son of José António de Almeida and wife Maria Rita das Neves, was a Portuguese political figure...	October 5, 1919	October 5, 1923	Evolutionist Republican later Liberal Republican
4	7	Manuel Teixeira Gomes Manuel Teixeira Gomes Manuel Teixeira Gomes, GCSE was a Portuguese politician and writer. He served as the seventh President of Portugal between 5 October 1923 and 11 December 1925.-Personal life:...	October 6, 1923	December 11, 1925	Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic...
4	8	Bernardino Machado	December 11, 1925	May 31, 1926	Democratic Democratic Party (Portugal) The Democratic Party , officially known as the Portuguese Republican Party , was a Portuguese left-wing political party during the Portuguese First Republic...
Ditadura Nacional (National Dictatorship) Ditadura Nacional The Ditadura Nacional was the name of the Portuguese regime initiated by the election of President Óscar Carmona in 1928 that lasted until the adoption of the new constitution in 1933, when the régime changed its name to Estado Novo... (1926–1932)
-	9	José Mendes Cabeçadas José Mendes Cabeçadas José Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior, OTE, ComA , commonly known as Mendes Cabeçadas , was a Portuguese Marine officer, free mason and republican, having a major role in the preparation of the revolutionary movements that created and ended the Portuguese First Republic: the 5 October revolution in 1910 and...	May 31, 1926	June 19, 1926	Military officer
-	10	Gomes da Costa Gomes da Costa Manuel de Oliveira Gomes da Costa, GOTE, GCA, commonly known as Manuel Gomes da Costa , or just Gomes da Costa , son of Carlos Dias da Costa Manuel de Oliveira Gomes da Costa, GOTE, GCA, commonly known as Manuel Gomes da Costa , or just Gomes da Costa (Lisbon, January 14, 1863 – Lisbon,...	June 19, 1926	July 9, 1926	Military officer
-	11	Óscar Carmona Óscar Carmona António Óscar Fragoso Carmona, ComC, GCA, ComSE, was the 11th President of Portugal , having been Minister of War in 1923.-Political Origin:...	July 9, 1926	April 15, 1928	Military officer
Estado Novo (New State) (1932–1974)
1	11	Óscar Carmona Óscar Carmona António Óscar Fragoso Carmona, ComC, GCA, ComSE, was the 11th President of Portugal , having been Minister of War in 1923.-Political Origin:...	April 15, 1928	April 26, 1935	Military officer since 1932, National Union National Union (Portugal) The National Union was the only legal political party in Portugal for most of the period of the Estado Novo, a right-wing dictatorship dominated by António de Oliveira Salazar....
2			April 26, 1935	April 15, 1942
3			April 15, 1942	April 20, 1949
4			April 20, 1949	April 18, 1951
4	-	António de Oliveira Salazar António de Oliveira Salazar António de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE served as the Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968. He also served as acting President of the Republic briefly in 1951. He founded and led the Estado Novo , the authoritarian, right-wing government that presided over and controlled Portugal... (interim)	April 18, 1951	July 21, 1951	National Union National Union (Portugal) The National Union was the only legal political party in Portugal for most of the period of the Estado Novo, a right-wing dictatorship dominated by António de Oliveira Salazar....
5	12	Francisco Craveiro Lopes Francisco Craveiro Lopes Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes da Silva de Tovero , 6th Viscount de Molenos-Craveiro, GCTE, ComC, GCA, , was a Portuguese politician and military man...	July 21, 1951	August 9, 1958	National Union National Union (Portugal) The National Union was the only legal political party in Portugal for most of the period of the Estado Novo, a right-wing dictatorship dominated by António de Oliveira Salazar....
6 Portuguese presidential election, 1958 Presidential elections were held in Portugal on June 8, 1958, during the authoritarian Estado Novo regime led by Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar....	13	Américo Tomás	August 9, 1958	August 9, 1965	National Union National Union (Portugal) The National Union was the only legal political party in Portugal for most of the period of the Estado Novo, a right-wing dictatorship dominated by António de Oliveira Salazar.... since 1968 Popular National Action National Union (Portugal) The National Union was the only legal political party in Portugal for most of the period of the Estado Novo, a right-wing dictatorship dominated by António de Oliveira Salazar....
7 Portuguese presidential election, 1965 Presidential elections were held in Portugal in 1965, during the authoritarian Estado Novo regime of by Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar, following parliamentary elections in the same year...			August 9, 1965	August 9, 1972
8 Portuguese presidential election, 1972 Presidential elections under the authoritarian Estado Novo regime was held for the last time in 1972, the only one not controlled by late Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar, with the last elections for the National Assembly held the following year, less than a year before the Carnation...			August 9, 1972	April 25, 1974
Third Republic (Democracy) Timeline of Portuguese history (Third Republic) This is a historical timeline of Portugal.-1974:*April 25, The Carnation Revolution puts an end to the authoritarian regime of Estado Novo... (1974-today)
-	14	António de Spínola António de Spínola António Sebastião Ribeiro de Spínola , GCTE, ComA was a Portuguese soldier, conservative politician and author, who was important in the transition to democracy following the Portuguese Carnation...	April 25, 1974	September 30, 1974	Military officer
-	15	Francisco da Costa Gomes Francisco da Costa Gomes Francisco da Costa Gomes, ComTE, GOA \|Chaves]], 30 June 1914 – Lisbon, Lapa, 31 July 2001), was a Portuguese military officer and politician, the 15th President of the Portuguese Republic .-Life:...	September 30, 1974	July 13, 1976	Military officer
1 Portuguese presidential election, 1976 The Portuguese presidential election of 1976 was held on June 27.With a broad base of support that comprised the center-left and the center-right, Ramalho Eanes won the election on the first round and became the first elected President of Portugal after the Carnation Revolution.The Portuguese...	16	António Ramalho Eanes António Ramalho Eanes António dos Santos Ramalho Eanes, GColTE, GCL, CavA, KE is a Portuguese general and politician who was the 16th President of Portugal from 1976 to 1986.-Background:...	July 14, 1976	March 9, 1981	Military officer
2 Portuguese presidential election, 1980 The Portuguese presidential election of 1980 was held on December 7.Incumbent president General Ramalho Eanes gathered the support of the Socialist Party, despite the objection of their leader, Mário Soares, and also the support of the Portuguese Communist Party, whose candidate, Carlos Brito,...	16		March 9, 1981	March 9, 1986	Military officer later Democratic Renovator Democratic Renovator Party The Democratic Renewal Party was a Portuguese political party, founded in 1985 with the political support of the until-then-independent President of the Republic, Ramalho Eanes. At the time of its foundation, it was meant to "moralize Portuguese political life" and the party positioned itself in...
3 Portuguese presidential election, 1986 The Portuguese presidential election of 1986 was held on January 26, the second round took place on February 16.This was closest presidential election ever held in Portugal and was won by the Socialist Mário Soares, who initially had no more than 5% at opinion polls.In first round was easily won by...	17	Mário Soares Mário Soares Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares, GColTE, GCC, GColL, KE , Portuguese politician, served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1976 to 1978 and from 1983 to 1985, and subsequently as the 17th President of Portugal from 1986 to 1996.-Family:...	March 9, 1986	March 9, 1991	Socialist Socialist Party (Portugal) The Socialist Party , abbreviated to PS, is a social-democratic political party in Portugal. It was founded on 19 April 1973 in the German city of Bad Münstereifel, by militants from Portuguese Socialist Action ....
4 Portuguese presidential election, 1991 The Portuguese presidential election of 1991 was held on January 13.The re-election of the hugely popular Mário Soares was never in doubt, specially after the then-ruling PSD, led by prime-minister Aníbal Cavaco Silva announced its support...	17		March 9, 1991	March 9, 1996
5 Portuguese presidential election, 1996 The Portuguese presidential election of 1996 was held on January 14.Incumbent president Mário Soares was constitutionally barred from a third term....	18	Jorge Sampaio	March 9, 1996	March 9, 2001	Socialist Socialist Party (Portugal) The Socialist Party , abbreviated to PS, is a social-democratic political party in Portugal. It was founded on 19 April 1973 in the German city of Bad Münstereifel, by militants from Portuguese Socialist Action ....
6 Portuguese presidential election, 2001 The Portuguese presidential election of 2001 was held on January 12.The victory of incumbent president Jorge Branco de Sampaio was never in doubt and the turnout was therefore quite low...	18	Jorge Sampaio	March 9, 2001	March 9, 2006
7 Portuguese presidential election, 2006 The Portuguese presidential election were held on 22 January 2006 to elect a successor to the incumbent President Jorge Sampaio, who was term-limited from running for a third consecutive term by the Constitution of Portugal...	19	Aníbal Cavaco Silva Aníbal Cavaco Silva Aníbal António Cavaco Silva, GCC , is the President of Portugal. He won the Portuguese presidential election on 22 January 2006 and was re-elected on 23 January 2011, for a second five-year term. Cavaco Silva was sworn in on 9 March 2006....	March 9, 2006	March 9, 2011	Social Democratic Social Democratic Party (Portugal) The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party...
8 Portuguese presidential election, 2011 The 2011 Portuguese presidential election was held on January 23, 2011. This election resulted in the re-election of Aníbal Cavaco Silva to a second term as President of Portugal. Turnout in this election was very low, where only 46.52% of the electorate cast their ballots...	19		March 9, 2011	Incumbent

Left office early:

Assassinated.

Died in office of natural causes.

Resigned.

Forced to resign due to a coup d'état.

Presidents

See also