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List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow

 
List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow

 
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List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow
 
 
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history of the Russian Orthodox Church
Russian Orthodox Church

The Russian Orthodox Church ; or The Moscow Patriarchate , also known as the Orthodox Christian Church of Russia, is a body of Christianity who constitute an Autocephaly Eastern Orthodox Church under the jurisdiction of the List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow, in full communion with the other Eastern Orthodox Churches....
 begins with the Baptism of Rus' at Kiev
Kiev

Kiev, also known as Kyiv , is the Capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River....
 the date of which is commonly given as 988; however, the evidence surrounding this event is contested (see Christianisation of Kievan Rus').






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History

The history of the Russian Orthodox Church
Russian Orthodox Church

The Russian Orthodox Church ; or The Moscow Patriarchate , also known as the Orthodox Christian Church of Russia, is a body of Christianity who constitute an Autocephaly Eastern Orthodox Church under the jurisdiction of the List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow, in full communion with the other Eastern Orthodox Churches....
 begins with the Baptism of Rus' at Kiev
Kiev

Kiev, also known as Kyiv , is the Capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River....
 the date of which is commonly given as 988; however, the evidence surrounding this event is contested (see Christianisation of Kievan Rus'). In 1316 the Metropolitan
Metropolitan bishop

In Christian churches with episcopal polity, the rank of metropolitan bishop, or simply metropolitan, pertains to the diocesan bishop or archbishop of a metropolis ; that is, the chief city of a historical Roman province, ecclesiastical province, or regional capital....
 of Kiev changed his see
See

The word "see" may refer to:* The act of visual perception* The term "See:" as a form of citation signal* Episcopal see, domain of authority of a bishop...
 to the city of Vladimir
Vladimir

Vladimir is a types of inhabited localities in Russia in Russia, located on the Klyazma River, to the east of Moscow along the M7 motorway . It is the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast....
, and in 1322 moved again to Moscow
Moscow

Moscow is the capital and the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia of the Russian Federation. It is also the largest European cities and metropolitan areas, with the Moscow metropolitan area ranking among the largest urban areas in the world....
. In 1589, the see was elevated to a Patriarch
Patriarch

Originally a patriarch was a man who exercised Autocracy authority as a pater familias over an extended family. The system of such rule of families by senior males is called patriarchy....
ate. The Patriarchate was abolished by Peter the Great in 1721 and replaced by the Holy Governing Synod, and the Bishop of Moscow came to be called a Metropolitan again. The Patriarchate was restored in 1917 and suspended by the Soviet authorities in 1925. It was reinstituted for the last time in 1943 during WWII by the initiative of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death in 1953....
.

Metropolitans of Moscow (1240-1589)

    • St. Cyril II (III), locum
      Locum

      Locum, short for the Latin phrase locum tenens , is a person who temporarily fulfills the duties of another. For example, a Locum doctor is a doctor who works in the place of the regular doctor when that doctor is absent....
       tenens       (1240-1246)
  • St. Cyril II (III) (1246-1281)
    • vacant
      Sede vacante

      Sede vacante is an expression, used in the Canon law of the Roman Catholic Church, that refers to the vacancy of the episcopal see of a particular church....
       (1281-1283)
  • St. Maximus
    Maximus, Metropolitan of all Rus

    Maximus was the Metropolitan bishop of Kiev who moved the see of Russian metropolitans to Vladimir-on-Kliazma. In spite of the move, the metropolitans were officially know as "Metropolitan of Kiev and All Rus'" until the establishment of autocephaly under Metropolitan Iona in 1448....
     (1283-1305)
  • St. Peter (1308-1326)
    • vacant (1326-1328)
  • St. Theognostus
    Theognostus

    Theognostus , Metropolitan archbishop of Kiev and All Rus.Theognostus was born in Constantinople and later in his life became Metropolitan Peter's successor as Metropolitan of Kiev and All Rus....
     (1328-1353)
  • St. Alexius
    Alexius, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Saint Alexius was metropolitan bishop of Kiev and all Russia , and presided over the Moscow government during Dmitry Donskoy's minority.Alexius, whose name at birth was Elephtherios, was a son of Fyodor Biakont, a boyar from Chernigov who settled in Moscow and founded the great Pleshcheev boyar family....
     (1354-1378)
    • Mikhail (Mityay), locum tenens (1378-1379)
      • vacant (1379-1381)
  • St. Cyprian
    Cyprian, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Cyprian , Metropolitan of Moscow , Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia . Cyprian was a clergyman of Bulgarians nationality. In 1373, the Patriarch of Constantinople Philotheus Kokkinos picked him for his devout lifestyle and excellent education and sent him to Lithuania and Russia on a mission to reconcile the princes of Lithuania and T...
     (1381-1382)
  • Pimen
    Pimen, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Pimen, known as Pimen the Greek was Metropolitan of Moscow from 1382-1384. He was hegumen of the Goritskii Monastery in Pereiaslavl-Zalevskii when Grand Prince Dmitry Donskoy sent him to Constantinople with his nominee for the metropolitanate, Mitya, where the latter was to be consecrated by the Ecumenical Patriarch....
     (1382-1384)
  • St. Dionysius I
    Dionysius I, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Saint Dionysius I ; baptismal name: David was a Russian Orthodox metropolitan bishop in 1384-1385.As a young man David entered the Kiev Caves Lavra, where he was tonsured a monk and given the religious name Dionysius....
     (1384-1385)
    • vacant (1385-1390)
  • St. Cyprian
    Cyprian, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Cyprian , Metropolitan of Moscow , Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia . Cyprian was a clergyman of Bulgarians nationality. In 1373, the Patriarch of Constantinople Philotheus Kokkinos picked him for his devout lifestyle and excellent education and sent him to Lithuania and Russia on a mission to reconcile the princes of Lithuania and T...
     (1390-1406), restored
    • vacant (1406-1408)
  • St. Photius
    Photius, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Photius of Kiev , Metropolitan of Moscow and all Russia, of Greeks descent.In 1407, Photius was appointed Metropolitan of all Russia with the title of Metropolitan of Kiev and Vladimir....
     (1408-1431)
    • vacant (1431-1433)
  • Gerasim (1433-1435)
    • vacant (1435-1436)
  • Isidore of Kiev
    Isidore of Kiev

    Isidore of Kiev, also known as Isidore of Thessalonica was a Greeks Patriarch of Russia, cardinal , humanist, and theologian. He was one of the chief Eastern defenders of reunion at the time of the Council of Florence,....
     (1436-1441)
    • vacant (1441-1448)
  • St. Jonah (1448-1461)
  • Theodosius
    Theodosius, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Theodosius - metropolitan bishop of Moscow in 1461-1464.In 1454, when Theodosius was still archimandrite of the Moscow Kremlin's Chudov Monastery, he was promoted to the office of Archbishop of Rostov....
     (1461-1464)
  • Philip I
    Philip I, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Philip I , was metropolitan bishop of Moscow from 1464 to 1473.Information about Philip's life only begins in 1455, when he was already the Archbishop of Suzdal....
     (1464-1473)
  • Gerontius (1473-1489)
  • Zosimus
    Zosimus, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Zosimus the Bearded , was metropolitan bishop of Moscow and all Russia from 1490.For the first time in Russian history, Zosimus was appointed metropolitan by the decision of the council of the Russian bishops by order of the Grand Prince Ivan III....
     (1490-1494)
  • Simon
    Simon, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Simon was the Metropolitan of Moscow between 1495 and 1511.Simon was a hegumen at the Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra. In 1495, he was elected Metropolitan of Moscow and soon won the respect of Ivan III of Russia....
     (1495-1511)
  • Varlaam
    Varlaam, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Varlaam was Metropolitan of Moscow and All Rus' from 1511 to 1521. From 1506 he was archimandrite of the Simonov Monastery in Moscow.He was selected by Grand Prince Vasily III on July 27, 1511 and consecrated Metropolitan on August 3, 1511....
     (1511-1521)
  • Daniel
    Daniel, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Daniel was Metropolitan of Moscow and all Russia in 1522-1539 and representative of the belligerent ecclesiastic cirles interested in alliance with the princely authority....
     (1522-1539)
  • Joasaphus
    Joasaphus

    Joasaphus or Joasaph was Metropolitan of Moscow from 1539 to 1542. Joasaph is known to have authored a number of theological works.Joasaphus was first a monk and then hegemon at the Trinity-St....
     (1539-1542)
  • St. Macarius
    Macarius, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Macarius was a notable Russian cleric, writer, and iconographer who served as the Metropolitan of Moscow and all Russia from 1542 until 1563....
     (1542-1563)
  • Athanasius
    Athanasius, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Athanasius was Metropolitan of Moscow and all Russia from March of 1564 to May of 1566, writer, and iconographer.In 1530s-1540s, Athanasius served as a priest in Pereslavl-Zalessky....
     (1564-1566)
  • St. Herman (1566)
  • St. Philip II (1566-1568)
  • Cyril III
    Cyril, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Cyril IV was the List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow from 1568 until 1572.There is not much information on Metropolitan Cyril and his deeds....
     (IV) (1568-1572)
  • Anthony
    Anthony, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Anthony was Metropolitan of Moscow and All Rus' from 1572 to 1581.Very little is known of Anthony's life prior to being named metropolitan. From 1568 to his appointment as metropolitan, he was Archbishop of Polotsk and Velikie Luki He was appointed metropolitan by Ivan the Terrible....
     (1572-1581)
  • Dionysius II
    Dionysius II, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Dionysius II was Metropolitan of Moscow and all Russia between 1581 and 1587.Dionysius was elected metropolitan bishop by Ivan the Terrible in 1581....
     (1581-1587)
  • St. Job (1587-1589), the last metropolitan and the first patriarch of Russia.


Patriarchs of Moscow and all Russia (1589-1721)

  • 1) Patriarch St. Job (1589-1605)
  • Patriarch Ignatius
    Patriarch Ignatius

    Ignatius , a cleric of Greeks descent, was de-facto the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia in 1605-1606. He is not counted in the number of legitimate Patriarchs of Moscow by the Russian Orthodox Church....
     (1605-1606) Not counted as legitimate by the Russian Orthodox Church
    Russian Orthodox Church

    The Russian Orthodox Church ; or The Moscow Patriarchate , also known as the Orthodox Christian Church of Russia, is a body of Christianity who constitute an Autocephaly Eastern Orthodox Church under the jurisdiction of the List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow, in full communion with the other Eastern Orthodox Churches....
  • 2) Patriarch St. Hermogenus (1606-1612)
    • vacant (1612-1619)
  • 3) Patriarch Philaret
    Patriarch Filaret (Feodor Romanov)

    Fyodor Nikitich Romanov was a Russian boyar who after temporary disgrace rose to become patriarch of Moscow as Filaret , and became de-facto ruler of Russia during the reign of his son, Michael I of Russia....
     (1619-1633)
  • 4) Patriarch Joasaphus I
    Patriarch Joasaphus I

    Joasaphus I was the fourth Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia .Joasaphus took monastic vows in Solovetsky Monastery. In 1621, he became a hegumen at Pskovo-Pechorsky Monastery....
     (1634-1642)
  • 5) Patriarch Joseph
    Patriarch Joseph

    Patriarch Joseph was the sixth Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, elected after an unusual one and a half year break.The early life of Joseph is unclear....
     (1642-1652)
  • 6) Patriarch Nikon
    Patriarch Nikon

    Nikon , born Nikita Minin , was the seventh patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church. This was one of the most important periods in the Church's history, as Nikon introduced many reforms which eventually led to a lasting Schism known as Raskol in the Russian language....
     (1652-1658)
    • Pitirim of Krutitsy
      Pitirim of Krutitsy

      Pitirim of Krutitsy was the ninth Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia.When Patriarch Nikon held the post of patriarch, Pitirim was a metropolitan bishop of Krutitsy....
      , locum tenens (1658-1667)
  • 7) Patriarch Joasaphus II
    Patriarch Joasaphus II

    Joasaph II was Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' from 1667 until his death five years and one day later in 1672.Joasaph was archimandrite of the Rozhdestvenskii Monastery in Vladimir from 1654 to April 25, 1656, when he was named archimandrite of the Trinity-St....
     (1667-1672)
  • 8) Patriarch Pitirim (of Krutitsy) (1672-1673)
  • 9) Patriarch Joachim (1674-1690)
  • 10) Patriarch Adrian
    Patriarch Adrian

    Patriarch Adrian was the last pre-revolutionary Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia.Adrian caught the eye of Patriarch Joachim, when he was still an archmandrite at Chudov Monastery....
     (1690-1700)
    • Stefan of Ryazan, locum tenens (1700-1721)


Metropolitans and archbishops of Moscow (1721-1917)

Filaret, Metropolitan of Moscow
  • Stefan of Ryazan (1721-1722)
  • Joseph (1742-1745)
  • Plato I (1745-1754)
  • Hilarion of Krutitsy, Coadjutor (1754-1757)
  • Timothy (1757-1767)
  • Ambrosius (1768-1771)
  • Samouel of Krutitsy, Coadjutor (1771-1775)
  • Plato II (1775-1812)
  • Avgustin (1812-1819)
  • Seraphim (1819-1821)
  • St. Filaret
    Filaret, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Filaret , Metropolitan bishop of Moscow , was the most influential figure in the Russian Orthodox Church for more than 40 years, from 1821 to 1867....
     (1821-1867)
  • St. Innocent (1868-1879)
  • Macarius I
    Macarius I

    Macarius I , born Mikhail Petrovich Bulgakov , was the Metropolitan bishop of Moscow and Kolomna in 1879-1882 and member of many learned societies, including the Russian Academy of Sciences....
     (1879-1882)
  • Joannicius (1882-1891)
  • Leontius (1891-1893)
  • Sergius I (1893-1898)
  • St. Vladimir
    Vladimir, Metropolitan of Moscow

    Vladimir ; baptismal name: Vasili Nikiforovich Bogoyavlensky was Metropolitan of Moscow from 1898 to 1912.Born to a family of a clergyman in Tambov, Vasili Bogoyavlensky graduated from a seminary in Tambov and Kiev Theological Academy....
     (1898-1912)
  • St. Macarius II
    Macarius II

    Macarius II was the Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna from 1912 to 1917, an outstanding missionary and enlightener of the masses in the Altai region ....
     (1912-1917)


Patriarchs of Moscow and all Russia (restored, 1917-Present)

Tikhon of Moscow
*11) Patriarch St. Tikhon
Tikhon of Moscow

Saint Tikhon of Moscow , born Vasily Ivanovich Bellavin , was the 11th Patriarch of Moscow of the Russian Orthodox Church during the early years of the Soviet Union, 1917 through 1925....
 (1917-1925)
    • vacant (1925-1943)
      • Metropolitan Peter of Krutitsy
        Peter of Krutitsy

        St. Hieromartyr Peter of Krutitsy , born Petr Fyodorovich Polyansky , was a Russian Orthodox bishop and martyr. From April 12 till December 9, 1925 he was the head of the Russian Orthodox Church, serving as the Patriarchal locum tenens....
        , locum tenens (1925-1936), de facto only until 1926
      • Metropolitan Sergius of Nizhny Novgorod, Acting locum tenens (1926-1936)
      • Metropolitan Sergius of Moscow and Kolomna (previously of Nizhny Novgorod), locum tenens (1936-1943)
  • 12) Patriarch Sergius I (previously Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna) (1943-1944)
    • Alexius Archbishop of Novgorod and Metropolitan of Leningrad
      Patriarch Alexius I

      Patriarch Alexy I was the 13th Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus, Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church between 1945 and 1970.Born in Moscow to a noble family, his father was a Chamberlain of the Russian Romanov....
      , locum tenens (1944-1945)
  • 13) Patriarch Alexius I
    Patriarch Alexius I

    Patriarch Alexy I was the 13th Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus, Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church between 1945 and 1970.Born in Moscow to a noble family, his father was a Chamberlain of the Russian Romanov....
     (1945-1970)
    • Metropolitan Pimen of Krutitsy and Kolomna
      Patriarch Pimen I

      Patriarch Pimen I , born Sergey Mikhailovich Izvekov , was the 14th Patriarch of Moscow and the head of the Russian Orthodox Church from 1971 to 1990....
      , locum tenens (1970-1971)
  • 14) Patriarch Pimen I
    Patriarch Pimen I

    Patriarch Pimen I , born Sergey Mikhailovich Izvekov , was the 14th Patriarch of Moscow and the head of the Russian Orthodox Church from 1971 to 1990....
     (1971-1990)
    • Metropolitan Filaret of Kiev and All Ukraine, locum tenens (1990)
  • 15) Patriarch Alexius II (1990-2008)
    • Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad, locum tenens (2008-2009)
  • 16) Patriarch Kirill I (2009-Present)


See also

  • Russian Orthodox Church
    Russian Orthodox Church

    The Russian Orthodox Church ; or The Moscow Patriarchate , also known as the Orthodox Christian Church of Russia, is a body of Christianity who constitute an Autocephaly Eastern Orthodox Church under the jurisdiction of the List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow, in full communion with the other Eastern Orthodox Churches....
  • List of Orthodox Churches
    List of Orthodox Churches

    Orthodox Churches belong mainly to two groups, Eastern Orthodox Church and Oriental Orthodoxy. Dialogues aimed at achieving full communion between them are in progress, with the hope of overcoming the schism that has divided them since the Council of Chalcedon in 451....