List of Ivy League university presidents

According to the Mudd Library at Princeton University

Princeton University

Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....

, February 1954 is the accepted founding date of the Ivy League

Ivy League

The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The conference name is also commonly used to refer to those eight schools as a group...

as an athletic consortium. However, the first Ivy League institution, Harvard University

Harvard University

Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...

, was founded in 1636 under the leadership of Nathaniel Eaton

Nathaniel Eaton

Nathaniel Eaton was the first schoolmaster of Harvard College in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and later became a clergyman.- Biography :...

. Beyond the sphere of athletic competition among its members, the Ivy League association also represents a tradition of scholarly distinction unique to some of the oldest colleges in the United States

Colonial colleges

The Colonial Colleges are nine institutions of higher education chartered in the American Colonies before the United States of America became a sovereign nation after the American Revolution. These nine have long been considered together, notably in the survey of their origins in the 1907 The...

.

By certain counts, 34 of the Ivy League presidents presided over their respective institutions during the British colonial period prior to the American Revolution

American Revolution

The American Revolution was the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which thirteen colonies in North America joined together to break free from the British Empire, combining to become the United States of America...

. Graduates of these institutions, who had typically studied very closely with their university president, were heavily involved in leadership roles in business, religion and politics across the original thirteen colonies

Thirteen Colonies

The Thirteen Colonies were English and later British colonies established on the Atlantic coast of North America between 1607 and 1733. They declared their independence in the American Revolution and formed the United States of America...

. A disproportionate number of the colonial period presidents (if not all), as well as several in the post-Independence period governed by the Articles of Confederation

Articles of Confederation

The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 founding states that legally established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution...

and the Constitution of the United States were ordained ministers (including a few bishops) in the Anglican, Baptist

Baptist

Baptists comprise a group of Christian denominations and churches that subscribe to a doctrine that baptism should be performed only for professing believers , and that it must be done by immersion...

, Congregationalist, Presbyterian or Puritan

Puritan

The Puritans were a significant grouping of English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries. Puritanism in this sense was founded by some Marian exiles from the clergy shortly after the accession of Elizabeth I of England in 1558, as an activist movement within the Church of England...

religious traditions. That academic tradition of close relationship with religious traditions was maintained at many of these universities well into the 19th century or beyond. Cornell University

Cornell University

Cornell University is an Ivy League university located in Ithaca, New York, United States. It is a private land-grant university, receiving annual funding from the State of New York for certain educational missions...

is unique for being entirely nonsectarian from its inception. Since the 20th century, a greater emphasis on secular academic inquiry and religious diversity has predominated among all eight of the Ivy League universities.

In this context, an overview of the leadership of the Ivy League universities is helpful to appreciating their role in the cultural history of the United States from the pre-Revolutionary British colonial period through the present.

Brown University

The following is a list of presidents of Brown University

Brown University

Brown University is a private, Ivy League university located in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. Founded in 1764 prior to American independence from the British Empire as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations early in the reign of King George III ,...

, formerly known as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations and the College of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

	President	Brown Class	Tenure	Events
1.	The Reverend James Manning
1738–1791	1765–1791	The College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations is established. American Revolution. The College of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations is established.
2.	The Reverend Jonathan Maxcy Jonathan Maxcy Jonathan Maxcy was the second president of Brown University ; the third president of Union College; and the first president of the University of South Carolina.Born in Attleboro, Massachusetts on September 2, 1768, Maxcy was educated at an academy in Wrentham, Massachusetts and...	1787	1768–1820	1792–1802
3.	The Reverend Asa Messer Asa Messer Asa Messer was an American Baptist clergyman and educator. He was President of Brown University from 1804 to 1826.-Life and career:...	1790	1769–1836	1802–1826	The College of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations is renamed as Brown University; first Medical School founded.
4.	The Reverend Francis Wayland Francis Wayland Francis Wayland , American Baptist educator and economist, was born in New York City, New York. He was president of Brown University and pastor of the First Baptist Church in America in Providence, Rhode Island. In Washington, D.C., Wayland Seminary was established in 1867, primarily to educate...
1796–1865	1827–1855	Suspension of the Medical School
5.	The Reverend Barnas Sears Barnas Sears Barnas Sears graduated from Brown University in 1825. Sears was the general agent of the Peabody Education Fund who was sent to Staunton, Virginia, by George Peabody to offer leadership in Public Education. Sears was General Agent of the fund from 1867 until February 1880...	1825	1802–1880	1855–1867
6.	The Reverend Alexis Caswell Alexis Caswell Alexis Caswell was an American educator, born in Taunton, Massachusetts. He graduated Brown University in 1822, and entered the Baptist ministry....	1822	1799–1877	1868–1872
7.	The Reverend Ezekiel Gilman Robinson Ezekiel Robinson Ezekiel Gilman Robinson was an American Baptist clergyman, theologian and educator, born at Attleboro, Massachusetts, and educated at Brown University and at Newton Theological Institution...	1838	1815–1894	1872–1889	Graduate study instituted
8.	The Reverend Elisha Benjamin Andrews	1870	1844–1917	1889–1898	Women's College founded
9.	The Reverend William H. P. Faunce William H. P. Faunce William Herbert Parry Faunce was an American clergyman, educator and the son of Daniel Faunce, born at Worcester, Massachusetts He graduated in 1880 at Brown University , and at 1884 at Newton Theological Seminary, and from 1884 to 1889 was pastor of the State Street Baptist Church of Springfield,...	1880	1859–1930	1899–1929	Women's College renamed to Pembroke College
10.	The Reverend Clarence Augustus Barbour Clarence Barbour Clarence Augustus Barbour was an American Baptist clergyman and educator most notable for having served as the president of Brown University. He was born on April 21, 1869 in Hartford, Connecticut and died on January 16, 1937 in Providence, Rhode Island. He graduated from Brown University in 1888...	1888	1867–1937	1929–1937	Last of long line of Baptist minister Presidents
11.	Henry M. Wriston Henry Wriston Henry Merritt Wriston was a United States' educator, presidential advisor, and served as president at both Brown University and Lawrence University.-Biography:...
1889–1978	1937–1955
12.	Barnaby C. Keeney Barnaby Keeney Barnaby Conrad Keeney was president of Brown University from 1955 to 1966 where he was known and loved by the student body for openness and his dry wit...
1914–1980	1955–1966
13.	Ray L. Heffner Ray L. Heffner Raymond Lorenzo Heffner served in the United States Navy during World War II. Heffner is a 1948 graduate of Yale College, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa, the Elizabethan Club, and Scroll and Key...
1925-	1966–1969	New Curriculum passed
14.	Donald F. Hornig Donald Hornig Donald Frederick Hornig is an American chemist, explosives expert, teacher and presidential science advisor. He served as president of Brown University, 1970–1976....
1920-	1970–1976	Pembroke merged with Brown, Medical School founded
15.	Howard R. Swearer
1932–1991	1977–1988
16.	Vartan Gregorian Vartan Gregorian Vartan Gregorian is an Armenian-American academic, serving as the president of Carnegie Corporation of New York. He is an ethnic Armenian, born in Iran....
1934-	1989–1997
17.	E. Gordon Gee Gordon Gee Elwood Gordon Gee is an American academic. He is in his second term as the president of The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio; he was previously president from 1990 to 1998....
1944-	1998–2000
17.1	Sheila E. Blumstein Sheila Blumstein Sheila Blumstein served as the interim president of Brown University after Gordon Gee departed and before Ruth Simmons took the position. Although Dr. Simmons is deemed the first female president of the university, Dr. Blumstein's portrait hangs in Sayles Hall along with those of past presidents. ...
1943-	2000–2001	Interim President
18.	Ruth J. Simmons
1945-	2001-

Columbia University

The following is a list of presidents of Columbia University

Columbia University

Columbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...

(formerly known as King's College, Columbia College in the State of New York, Columbia College in the City of New York, and Columbia University in the City of New York).

	President	Birth Year–Death Year	Years as President	Name of Institution; Notes
1	The Reverend Samuel Johnson Samuel Johnson (1696-1772) The Reverend Doctor Samuel Johnson was a clergyman, educator, and philosopher in colonial British North America...	(1696–1772)	(1754–1763)	King's College
2	The Reverend Myles Cooper Myles Cooper Myles Cooper was a figure in colonial New York. An Anglican priest, he served as the President of King's College from 1763 to 1775, and was a public opponent of the American Revolution....	(1735–1785)	(1763–1775)	King's College
2.1	The Reverend Benjamin Moore Benjamin Moore Benjamin Moore was the second Episcopal bishop of New York.-Early life and family:Moore was born in Newtown, New York, in 1748, the son of Samuel Moore and Sarah Fish Moore and the great-grandson of John Moore, the first Independent minister allowed in New England...	(1748–1816)	(1775–1784)	King's College; acting president; American Revolution.
2.2	George Clinton George Clinton (vice president) George Clinton was an American soldier and politician, considered one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He was the first Governor of New York, and then the fourth Vice President of the United States , serving under Presidents Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. He and John C...	(1739–1812)	(1784–1787)	Columbia College "in the State of New York"; Chancellor (Regents government)
3	William Samuel Johnson William Samuel Johnson William Samuel Johnson was an early American statesman who was notable for signing the United States Constitution, for representing Connecticut in the United States Senate, and for serving as president of Columbia University.-Early career:...	(1727–1819)	(1787–1800)	Columbia College "in the City of New York" (Trustees government)
4	The Reverend Charles Henry Wharton Charles Henry Wharton Charles Henry Wharton was a clergyman.The family plantation, Notley Hall, was presented to his grandfather by Lord Baltimore...	(1748–1833)	(1801–1801)	Columbia College
5	The Right Reverend Benjamin Moore	(1748–1816)	(1801–1810)	Columbia College; Assistant Bishop for the Episcopal Diocese of New York Episcopal Diocese of New York The Episcopal Diocese of New York is a diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America, encompassing the boroughs of Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island in New York City, and the New York state counties of Westchester, Rockland, Dutchess, Orange, Putnam, Sullivan, and...
6	The Reverend William Harris William Harris (academic) William Harris , an Episcopalian minister, was the sixth president of Columbia College, serving from 1811 to 1829. In a compromise, John Mitchell Mason, a Presbyterian minister who was denied the presidency, became the university's first provost and chief operating officer.William Harris was born...	(1765–1829)	(1811–1829)	Columbia College; shares authority with Provost John Mitchell Mason until 1816
7	William Alexander Duer William Alexander Duer William Alexander Duer was an American lawyer, jurist, and educator from New York City. He was a president of Columbia University, then Columbia College.-Biography:...	(1780–1858)	(1829–1842)	Columbia College
8	Nathaniel Fish Moore Nathaniel Fish Moore Nathaniel Fish Moore was the eighth president of Columbia College; he had earlier been a lawyer and served on the faculty. He was the nephew of the college's former president Benjamin Moore.-Notes:...	(1782–1872)	(1842–1849)	Columbia College
9	Charles King Charles King (academic) Charles King was an American academic, politician and newspaper editor. He succeeded Nathaniel Fish Moore to become the ninth president of Columbia College , holding the role from 7 November 1849 to 1864...	(1789–1867)	(1849–1863)	Columbia College; presides over move to Madison Avenue campus
10	Frederick Augustus Porter Barnard	(1809–1889)	(1864–1889)	Columbia College
11	Seth Low Seth Low Seth Low , born in Brooklyn, New York, was an American educator and political figure who served as mayor of Brooklyn, as President of Columbia University, as diplomatic representative of the United States, and as Mayor of New York City...	(1850–1916)	(1890–1901)	Columbia College; presides over move to Morningside Heights campus; name changes to "Columbia University in the City of New York"
12	Nicholas Murray Butler	(1862–1947)	(1902–1945)	Columbia University
12.1	Frank D. Fackenthal Frank D. Fackenthal Frank Diehl Fackenthal was an American educator.Fackenthal graduated from Columbia University in 1906. He served Columbia as chief clerk , secretary , and provost . Between the retirement of Nicholas Murray Butler and the installation of General Dwight D. Eisenhower as president , Dr...	(1883–1968)	(1945–1948)	Columbia University (acting)
13	Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower was the 34th President of the United States, from 1953 until 1961. He was a five-star general in the United States Army...	(1890–1969)	(1948–1953)	Columbia University; on leave while Supreme Commander of NATO; resigned upon becoming President of the United States President of the United States The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
14	Grayson L. Kirk Grayson L. Kirk Grayson Louis Kirk was president of Columbia University during the Columbia University protests of 1968. He was also a Professor of Government, advisor to the State Department, and instrumental in the formation of the United Nations.-Early life:Kirk was born to a farmer and schoolteacher in...	(1903–1997)	(1953–1968)	Columbia University; resigned after 1968 protests Columbia University protests of 1968 The Columbia University protests of 1968 were among the many student demonstrations that occurred around the world in that year. The Columbia protests erupted over the spring of that year after students discovered links between the university and the institutional apparatus supporting the United...
15	Andrew W. Cordier Andrew W. Cordier Andrew Wellington Cordier was a United Nations official and President of Columbia University.-Early life:Cordier was born on a farm near Canton, Ohio and attended high school in Hartville, Ohio where he became quarterback of the football team and valedictorian of his graduating class...	(1901–1975)	(1969–1970)	Columbia University
16	William J. McGill William J. McGill William James McGill was an American psychologist, author and academic administrator.-Biography:McGill was born in New York City to a musician and labor organizer. He attended parochial Catholic schools and in 1939 began his college education at Fordham University, where he earned bachelor's and...	(1922–1997)	(1970–1980)	Columbia University
17	Michael I. Sovern Michael I. Sovern Michael Ira Sovern was the 17th president of Columbia University. He is currently the Chancellor Kent Professor of Law at Columbia Law School. He is a noted legal scholar of Labor Law and an expert in employment discrimination....	(1931– )	(1980–1993)	Columbia University
18	George Erik Rupp George Erik Rupp George Erik Rupp is an American educator and theologian, the former President of Rice University and later of Columbia University, and president of the International Rescue Committee since July 2002.-Biography:...	(1942– )	(1993–2002)	Columbia University
19	Lee C. Bollinger	(1947– )	(2002– )	Columbia University

Cornell University

The following is a list of presidents of Cornell University

Cornell University

President	Life	Tenure
Andrew Dickson White Andrew Dickson White Andrew Dickson White was a U.S. diplomat, historian, and educator, who was the co-founder of Cornell University.-Family and personal life:...	1832–1918	1866–1885
Charles Kendall Adams	1856–1902	1885–1892
Jacob Gould Schurman	1854–1942	1892–1920
Livingston Farrand	1867–1939	1921–1937
Edmund Ezra Day Edmund Ezra Day Edmund Ezra Day was a U.S. educator.Day received his undergraduate and master's degrees from Dartmouth College and his doctorate in economics from Harvard. While at Dartmouth, be became a brother of Theta Delta Chi. He went on to serve as the fifth president of Cornell University from 1937 to 1949...	1883–1951	1937–1949
Deane Waldo Malott Deane Waldo Malott Deane Waldo Malott was an American academic and administrator.The son of a banker, Malott was born in Abilene, Kansas and went on to study at the University of Kansas. While at school there, he wrote for the University Daily Kansan and was a brother in the Beta Theta Pi fraternity...	1898–1996	1951–1963
James A. Perkins James A. Perkins James A. Perkins was the seventh president of Cornell University. Born in 1911 in Philadelphia, Perkins graduated with high honors in 1934 from Swarthmore College and received a doctorate in political science from Princeton University in 1937...	1911–1998	1963–1969
Dale R. Corson Dale R. Corson Dale R. Corson was the eighth president of Cornell University. Born in Pittsburg, Kansas, in 1914, Corson received a B.A. degree from the College of Emporia in 1934, his M.A. degree from the University of Kansas in 1935, and his Ph.D...	b. 1914	1969–1977
Frank H. T. Rhodes	b. 1926	1977–1995
Hunter R. Rawlings III Hunter R. Rawlings III Hunter Ripley Rawlings III is an American classics scholar and academic administrator. He is best known for serving as the 17th President of the University of Iowa from 1982 until 1995 and as the 10th President of Cornell University from 1995 until 2003. He also served as Cornell's interim...	b. 1944	1995–2003
Jeffrey S. Lehman Jeffrey S. Lehman Jeffrey Sean Lehman is an American scholar, lawyer and academic administrator who is currently serving as the chancellor and founding dean of the Peking University School of Transnational Law in Shenzhen, China... (B.A. 1977)	b. 1956	2003–2005
David J. Skorton David J. Skorton David Jan Skorton is an American professor of medicine and an academic administrator. He is currently serving as the president of Cornell University.- Education :...	b. 1949	2006-

Dartmouth College

The following is a list of presidents of Dartmouth College

Dartmouth College

Dartmouth College is a private, Ivy League university in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States. The institution comprises a liberal arts college, Dartmouth Medical School, Thayer School of Engineering, and the Tuck School of Business, as well as 19 graduate programs in the arts and sciences...

President	Life	Tenure
The Rev. Eleazer Wheelock	1711-1779	1769-1779
John Wheelock John Wheelock John Wheelock was the eldest son of Eleazar Wheelock who was the founder and first president of Dartmouth College; John Wheelock succeeded his father as the College’s second president.-Early life:...	1754-1817	1779-1815
The Rev. Francis Brown Francis Brown (1784-1820) The Rev. Francis Brown served as the president of Dartmouth College. He graduated from the College in 1805 and from 1806–1809 held a tutorship there. He also served a pastor in a Congregational church in North Yarmouth, Maine...	1784-1820	1815-1820
The Rev. Daniel Dana	1771-1859	1820-1821
The Rev. Bennet Tyler	1783-1858	1822-1828
The Rev. Nathan Lord Nathan Lord Nathan Lord was a U.S. Congregational clergyman and educator. His pro-slavery views, unusual in abolitionist New England, brought him notoriety during the American Civil War....	1792-1870	1828-1863
The Rev. Asa Dodge Smith Asa Dodge Smith The Rev. Asa Dodge Smith D.D., L.L.D. served as the 7th president of Dartmouth College from 1863 until his death in 1877.- Dartmouth Presidency :...	1804-1877	1863-1877
The Rev. Samuel Colcord Bartlett Samuel Colcord Bartlett The Rev. Samuel Colcord Bartlett was the president of Dartmouth College from 1877–1892. He graduated from Dartmouth with the Class of 1836.-Biography:...	1817-1898	1877-1892
The Rev. William Jewett Tucker William Jewett Tucker The Rev. William Jewett Tucker served as the 9th President of Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, United States, from 1893 to 1909.- Dartmouth presidency :...	1839-1926	1892-1909
Ernest Fox Nichols Ernest Fox Nichols Ernest Fox Nichols was a U.S. educator and physicist. He was born in Leavenworth County, Kansas, and received his undergraduate degree from Kansas State University in 1888. After working for a year in the Chemistry Department at Kansas State, he matriculated to graduate school at Cornell...	1869-1824	1909-1916
Ernest Martin Hopkins Ernest Martin Hopkins Ernest Martin Hopkins served as the 11th President of Dartmouth College from 1916 to 1945.- Dartmouth Presidency :...	1877-1964	1916-1945
John Sloan Dickey John Sloan Dickey John Sloan Dickey was an American diplomat, scholar, and intellectual. Dickey served as President of Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, from 1945 to 1970, and helped revitalize the Ivy League institution....	1907-1991	1945-1970
John George Kemeny John George Kemeny John George Kemeny was a Hungarian American mathematician, computer scientist, and educator best known for co-developing the BASIC programming language in 1964 with Thomas E. Kurtz. Kemeny served as the 13th President of Dartmouth College from 1970 to 1981 and pioneered the use of computers in...	1926-1992	1970-1981
David Thomas McLaughlin	1932-2004	1981-1987
James Oliver Freedman	1935-2006	1987-1998
James Edward Wright	b.1939	1998-2009
Jim Yong Kim	b.1959	2009-present

Harvard University

The following is a list of presidents

President of Harvard University

The President of Harvard University is the chief administrator of the university. Ex officio the chairman of the Harvard Corporation, he or she is appointed by and is responsible to the other members of that body, who delegate to him or her the day-to-day running of the university...

of Harvard University

Harvard University

(formerly known as New College and Harvard College).

President	Life	Tenure
Nathaniel Eaton Nathaniel Eaton Nathaniel Eaton was the first schoolmaster of Harvard College in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and later became a clergyman.- Biography :... ("schoolmaster")	1610–1674	1637-1639
The Reverend Henry Dunster Henry Dunster Henry Dunster was an Anglo-American Puritan clergyman and the first president of Harvard College...		1640–1654
The Reverend Charles Chauncy Charles Chauncy Charles Chauncy was an Anglo-American clergyman and educator.He was born at Yardleybury , Hertfordshire, England and educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he later was a lecturer in Greek. After serving as a pastor in England at Marston St. Lawrence, Northamptonshire , he emigrated to...		1654–1672
The Reverend Leonard Hoar Leonard Hoar Leonard Hoar was an English-born early American minister and educator, who spent a short and troubled term as President of Harvard College.-Life:...		1672–1675
Urian Oakes Urian Oakes Urian Oakes was an English-born American minister and educator.-Life:He was born in England in 1631 or 1632, and went when a child with his father to Massachusetts; Thomas Oakes was his brother. He graduated at Harvard College in 1649. While in America he married Ruth, daughter of the...		(acting president, 1675–1680; president, 1680–1681)
John Rogers John Rogers (Harvard) John Rogers was an English academic in early Colonial America. Eldest son of minister Nathaniel Rogers, he was born in Coggeshall, a small town in Essex, and immigrated to New England with his family in 1636. In 1649, at age 19, in the recent settlement of Cambridge , he earned a B.A...		1682–1684
The Reverend Increase Mather Increase Mather Increase Mather was a major figure in the early history of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and Province of Massachusetts Bay . He was a Puritan minister who was involved with the government of the colony, the administration of Harvard College, and most notoriously, the Salem witch trials...		(acting president, 1685–1686; rector, 1686–1692; president, 1692–1701)
The Reverend Samuel Willard Samuel Willard Reverend Samuel Willard was a Colonial clergyman. He was born in Concord, Massachusetts; graduated at Harvard in 1659; and was minister at Groton from 1663 to 1676, whence he was driven by the Indians during King Philip's War. The Reverend Willard was pastor of the Third Church, Boston, from...		(acting president, 1701–1707)
John Leverett John Leverett the Younger John Leverett was an early American lawyer, politician, educator, and President of Harvard University.John Leverett was the son of Hudson Leverett, an attorney, and Sarah Leverett,...		1708–1724
The Reverend Benjamin Wadsworth Benjamin Wadsworth Benjamin Wadsworth was an early American clergyman and educator. He was trained at Harvard College...		1725–1737
The Reverend Edward Holyoke Edward Holyoke Edward Holyoke was an early American clergyman, and the 9th President of Harvard College.-Background:Edward Holyoke was the son of a wealthy and influential businessman, Elizur Holyoke Jr, who held several local town offices and served in the legislature...		1737–1769
The Reverend Samuel Locke Samuel Locke Samuel Locke was a U.S. Congregational clergyman and educator. After serving as pastor in Sherborn, Massachusetts, he was appointed president of Harvard University. He held that post from 1770 to 1773 when he resigned. He then returned to Sherborn where he died of apoplexy.-Notes:...		1770–1773
The Reverend Samuel Langdon Samuel Langdon Samuel Langdon was a American Congregational clergyman and educator. After serving as pastor in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, he was appointed president of Harvard University in 1774. He held that post until 1780.... - presidency during the American Revolution		1774–1780
The Reverend Joseph Willard Joseph Willard Joseph Willard was a U.S. Congregational clergyman and academic. He was educated at the Dummer Academy and Harvard College and served as pastor in Beverly, Massachusetts...		1781–1804
Eliphalet Pearson Eliphalet Pearson Eliphalet Pearson U.S. educator; 1st principal of Phillips Academy 1778-1786; acting president of Harvard University 1804-1806.Pearson graduated from Harvard in 1773 after having attended Dummer Charity School ....		acting president, 1804–1806
The Reverend Samuel Webber		1806–1810
The Reverend John Thornton Kirkland John Thornton Kirkland John Thornton Kirkland served as President of Harvard University from 1810 to 1828. A religious minister like many of his predecessors, he is remembered chiefly for his lenient treatment of students...		1810–1828
Josiah Quincy Josiah Quincy III Josiah Quincy III was a U.S. educator and political figure. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives , Mayor of Boston , and President of Harvard University...		1829–1845
Edward Everett Edward Everett Edward Everett was an American politician and educator from Massachusetts. Everett, a Whig, served as U.S. Representative, and U.S. Senator, the 15th Governor of Massachusetts, Minister to Great Britain, and United States Secretary of State...		1846–1849
Jared Sparks Jared Sparks Jared Sparks was an American historian, educator, and Unitarian minister. He served as President of Harvard University from 1849 to 1853.-Biography:...		1849–1853
James Walker James Walker (Harvard) James Walker was a Unitarian minister, professor, and President of Harvard College from February 10, 1853, to January 26, 1860....		1853–1860
Cornelius Conway Felton Cornelius Conway Felton Cornelius Conway Felton was an American educator. He was regent of the Smithsonian Institution, as well as professor of Greek literature and president of Harvard University....		1860–1862
Thomas Hill Thomas Hill (clergyman) -References:...		1862–1868
Charles William Eliot Charles William Eliot Charles William Eliot was an American academic who was selected as Harvard's president in 1869. He transformed the provincial college into the preeminent American research university...		1869–1909
Abbott Lawrence Lowell Abbott Lawrence Lowell Abbott Lawrence Lowell was a U.S. educator and legal scholar. He served as President of Harvard University from 1909 to 1933....		1909–1933
James Bryant Conant James Bryant Conant James Bryant Conant was a chemist, educational administrator, and government official. As thePresident of Harvard University he reformed it as a research institution.-Biography :...		1933–1953
Nathan Marsh Pusey		1953–1971
Derek Curtis Bok *Former Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences The Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences is the largest of the seven faculties that constitute Harvard University.Headquartered principally in Cambridge, Massachusetts and centered in the historic Harvard Yard, FAS is the only division of the university responsible for both undergraduate and... Henry Rosovsky Henry Rosovsky Henry Rosovsky is an American economist and university administrator. From 1973 to 1984 and 1990 to 1991, he was the Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard University. At Harvard, where he was a Professor of Economics, he also served as Acting President in 1984 and 1987... served as acting president for three months in 1987 while Bok traveled abroad		1971–1991
Neil L. Rudenstine		1991–2001
Provost Albert Carnesale Albert Carnesale Albert Carnesale is an American academic. He is a former chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles, provost of Harvard University, and dean of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard. In November 1994, while serving as Dean and Provost, Carnesale also served as Acting President...		(served as acting president, November 1994-February 1995, during Rudenstine's leave of absence for exhaustion)
Lawrence H. Summers		July 1, 2001 - June 30, 2006
Derek Curtis Bok		(interim president, July 1, 2006 - June 30, 2007)
Drew Gilpin Faust Drew Gilpin Faust Catherine Drew Gilpin Faust is an American historian, college administrator, and the president of Harvard University. Faust is the first woman to serve as Harvard's president and the university's 28th president overall. Faust is the fifth woman to serve as president of an Ivy League university, and...		July 1, 2007–present

John Winthrop served as acting president in 1769 and again in 1773, but both times he declined the offer of the full presidency on grounds of old age. Other minor acting presidents have included William Brattle, Edward Wigglesworth

Edward Wigglesworth

Edward Wigglesworth was a clergyman and teacher in Colonial America.-Life:His father was clergyman and author Michael Wigglesworth ....

, Henry Ware

Henry Ware

Henry Ware may refer to:*Henry Ware , U.S. preacher and theologian*Henry Ware, Jr. , Unitarian theologian, son of the above*Henry Ware , Bishop of Chichester...

(1810, 1828–1829), Andrew Preston Peabody

Andrew Preston Peabody

Andrew Preston Peabody was an American clergyman and author.Born in Beverly, Massachusetts, Peabody was descended from Lieut. Francis Peabody of St. Albans, who emigrated to Massachusetts in 1635...

(1862, 1868–1869), and Henry Pickering Walcott.

University of Pennsylvania

The following is a list of heads of the University of Pennsylvania

University of Pennsylvania

The University of Pennsylvania is a private, Ivy League university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Penn is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States,Penn is the fourth-oldest using the founding dates claimed by each institution...

(formerly known as the Church and Charity School of Philadelphia, the Academy of Philadelphia, and the College of Philadelphia).

	Provost	birth–death	Years as provost	Name of institution	Notes
1	The Reverend George Whitefield George Whitefield George Whitefield , also known as George Whitfield, was an English Anglican priest who helped spread the Great Awakening in Britain, and especially in the British North American colonies. He was one of the founders of Methodism and of the evangelical movement generally...	1714–1770	1740–1746	Church and Charity School of Philadelphia
2	Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin Dr. Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. A noted polymath, Franklin was a leading author, printer, political theorist, politician, postmaster, scientist, musician, inventor, satirist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat...	1706–1790	1749–1754	Academy of Philadelphia
3	The Reverend William Smith William Smith (Anglican priest) William Smith was the first provost of the University of Pennsylvania.thumb\|300px\|right\|Dr William Smith's residence as it appeared circa 1919-Biography:...	1727–1803	1754–1779	College of Philadelphia	American Revolution
4	The Reverend John Ewing John Ewing John Ewing may refer to:* John Ewing , professional baseball player* John Ewing , U.S. Representative from Indiana* John Ewing , U.S. Minister to Honduras, 1913–1918...	1732–1802	1779–1802	University of Pennsylvania	American Revolution
5	The Reverend William Smith William Smith (Anglican priest) William Smith was the first provost of the University of Pennsylvania.thumb\|300px\|right\|Dr William Smith's residence as it appeared circa 1919-Biography:...	1751–1820	1802–1806	University of Pennsylvania
6	The Reverend John McDowell	1732–1802	1807–1810	University of Pennsylvania
7	The Reverend John Andrews	1746–1813	1810–1813	University of Pennsylvania
8	The Reverend Frederick Beasley	1777–1845	1813–1828	University of Pennsylvania
9	The Right Reverend William Heathcote DeLancey William Heathcote DeLancey The Right Reverend William Heathcote DeLancey was a bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America and the sixth Provost of the University of Pennsylvania...	1797–1865	1828–1834	University of Pennsylvania
10	The Reverend John Ludlow John Ludlow John Malcolm Forbes Ludlow was an English lawyer and leader of the Christian socialist movement.-Biography:...	1793–1857	1834–1852	University of Pennsylvania
11	The Reverend Henry Vethake	1790–1866	1853–1859	University of Pennsylvania
13	The Reverend Daniel Goodwin	1811–1890	1860–1868	University of Pennsylvania
14	Charles Janeway Stillé	1819–1899	1868–1880	University of Pennsylvania
15	William Pepper William Pepper William Pepper, Jr., M.D. , an American physician, was a leader in medical education in the nineteenth century, and a longtime Provost of the University of Pennsylvania.-Early life:...	1843–1898	1881–1894	University of Pennsylvania
16	Charles Custis Harrison	1844–1929	1894–1910	University of Pennsylvania
17	Edgar Fahs Smith Edgar Fahs Smith Edgar Fahs Smith was an American scientist who is best known today for his interests in the history of chemistry...	1854–1928	1910–1920	University of Pennsylvania
18	Josiah Harmar Penniman	1868–1940	1923–1930	University of Pennsylvania

	Presidents of the University of Pennsylvania	Years as president
1	Thomas Sovereign Gates Thomas Sovereign Gates Thomas Sovereign Gates was an American investment banker and educator. He was the first president of the University of Pennsylvania from 6 October 1930 until 1944, and was the father of United States Secretary of Defense Thomas S. Gates, Jr.Born in Philadelphia, Gates was a student at University...	1930–1944
2	George William McClelland George William McClelland -Sources:*...	1944–1948
3	Harold Edward Stassen	1948–1953
4	William Hagan DuBarry William Hagan DuBarry William Hagan DuBarry was the acting President of the University of Pennsylvania during parts of 1950-51, 1952, and 1953. He held the position of Executive Vice President from 1944-1954....	1953–1953, Acting President
5	Gaylord Probasco Harnwell	1953–1970
6	Martin Meyerson Martin Meyerson Martin Meyerson was a United States city planner and academic leader best known as the President of the University of Pennsylvania between 1970 and 1981....	1970–1981
7	Sheldon Hackney Sheldon Hackney Francis Sheldon Hackney is a prominent U.S. educator. He is the Boies Professor of United States History at the University of Pennsylvania. Hackney earned his Ph.D. in American History at Yale University, where he worked with eminent Southern historian C. Vann Woodward. He began his career as a...	1981–1993
8	Claire Fagin Claire Fagin Claire M. Fagin, RN, Ph.D, FAAN is an American nurse, educator, academic, and consultant. She has a Bachelor's Degree in Science from Wagner College, a Master's in Nursing from Columbia University and a Ph.D from New York University, all in New York City....	1993–1994, Interim President
9	Judith Rodin Judith Rodin Judith Rodin was the 7th president of the University of Pennsylvania from 1994 to 2004 and the first permanent female president of an Ivy League university. She is currently the president of the Rockefeller Foundation, a position she has held since 2005. A University of Pennsylvania alumna, she...	1994–2004
10	Amy Gutmann Amy Gutmann Amy Gutmann is the eighth President of the University of Pennsylvania and the Christopher H. Browne Distinguished Professor of Political Science, Communications, and Philosophy...	2004–present

Princeton University

The following is a list of presidents

President of Princeton University

Princeton University is led by a President selected by the Board of Trustees. Until the accession of Woodrow Wilson, a political scientist, in 1902, they were all clergymen, as well as professors. President Tilghman is a biologist; her two predecessors were economists.-Presidents:# Reverend...

of Princeton University

Princeton University

(formerly known as the College of New Jersey).

Acting Presidents are in italics

The Reverend Jonathan Dickinson
Jonathan Dickinson (of New Jersey)
Jonathan Dickinson was a Congregational, later Presbyterian, minister, a leader in the Great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s, and a co-founder and first president of the College of New Jersey, which later became Princeton University.-Biography:Born in Hatfield, Massachusetts on April 22, 1688,...

1747

Aaron Burr, Sr.
The Reverend Aaron Burr, Sr.
Aaron Burr, Sr.
The Reverend Aaron Burr, Sr., was a notable divine and educator in colonial America. He was a founder of the College of New Jersey and the father of the third United States Vice President, Aaron Burr , who killed Alexander Hamilton.-Biography:A native of Connecticut, Burr was born in 1716 in...

1748-1757
The Reverend Jonathan Edwards 1758

Jacob Green
The Reverend Samuel Davies
Samuel Davies (Presbyterian educator)
Samuel Davies was President of Princeton University, then known as the College of New Jersey.Born to Baptist parents in New Castle County, Delaware, Davies received his early education under the tutelage of Rev. Samuel Blair at the academy he conducted in Faggs Manor, Londonderry Township, Chester...

1759-1761
The Reverend Samuel Finley
Samuel Finley
The Rev. Samuel Finley , 1763 DD University of Glasgow . Evangelical preacher and academic, he founded the West Nottingham Academy, and was the fifth president and an original trustee of the College of New Jersey from 1761 until 1766.-Family and students:Finley was the...

1761-1766

John Blair
The Reverend John Witherspoon
John Witherspoon
John Witherspoon was a signatory of the United States Declaration of Independence as a representative of New Jersey. As president of the College of New Jersey , he trained many leaders of the early nation and was the only active clergyman and the only college president to sign the Declaration...

1768-1794 - presidency during the American Revolution
The Reverend Samuel Stanhope Smith
Samuel Stanhope Smith
Samuel Stanhope Smith was a Presbyterian minister, founding president of Hampden-Sydney College and the seventh president of the College of New Jersey from 1795 to 1812. His stormy career ended in his enforced resignation...

1795-1812
The Reverend Ashbel Green
Ashbel Green
Ashbel Green, D.D. was an American Presbyterian minister and academic.Born in Hanover Township, New Jersey, Green served as a sergeant of the New Jersey militia during the American Revolutionary War, and went on to study with Dr. John Witherspoon and graduate as valedictorian from Princeton...

1812-1822

Philip Lindsly

The Reverend James Carnahan
James Carnahan
James Carnahan was an American clergyman and educator who served as the ninth President of Princeton University....

1823-1854

The Reverend John Maclean, Jr.
John Maclean, Jr.
John Maclean, Jr., D.D. was an American Presbyterian clergyman and educator who served as the tenth President of Princeton University, then known as the College of New Jersey. Maclean, the son of the first professor of chemistry at the College of New Jersey, grew up in Princeton, New Jersey...

1854-1868

The Reverend James McCosh
James McCosh
James McCosh was a prominent philosopher of the Scottish School of Common Sense. He was president of Princeton University 1868-1888.-Biography:...

1868-1888

The Reverend Francis L. Patton
Francis Landey Patton
Francis Landey Patton , American educationalist and theologian, and the twelfth president of Princeton University.-Background, 1843-1871:He was born in Warwick Parish, Bermuda and attended Warwick Academy...

1888-1902

Woodrow Wilson
Woodrow Wilson
Thomas Woodrow Wilson was the 28th President of the United States, from 1913 to 1921. A leader of the Progressive Movement, he served as President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and then as the Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913...

1902-1910

John Aikman Stewart
John Grier Hibben
John Grier Hibben
John Grier Hibben was a Presbyterian minister, a philosopher, and educator. He served as president of Princeton University from 1912–1932, succeeding Woodrow Wilson and implementing many of the reforms started by Wilson.-Early life:Hibben was born in Peoria, Illinois, just before the start...

1912-1932

Edward Dickinson Duffield

Harold W. Dodds
Harold W. Dodds
Harold Willis Dodds was the fifteenth President of Princeton University.-Early life and education:Dodds was born on June 28, 1889 in Utica, Pennsylvania, the son of a professor of Bible Studies at Grove City College...

1933-1957

Robert F. Goheen
Robert F. Goheen
Robert Francis Goheen was an American academic, president of Princeton University and United States Ambassador to India.-Biography:...

1957-1972

William G. Bowen
William G. Bowen
William G. Bowen is President Emeritus of The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation where he served as President from 1988 to 2006. He was the president of Princeton University from 1972 to 1988....

1972-1988

Harold T. Shapiro
Harold T. Shapiro
Harold Tafler Shapiro, Ph.D is a former president of Princeton University and of the University of Michigan.-Biography:Born in Montreal, Quebec Harold Shapiro attended Lower Canada College, a prestigious independent school in Montreal, then trained as an economist, earning his B.Comm from McGill...

1988-2001

Shirley M. Tilghman
Shirley M. Tilghman
Shirley Marie Tilghman, FRS is a scholar in molecular biology and an academic administrator, the President of Princeton University. She is the first woman to hold the position and only the second female president in the Ivy League...

2001–present

Yale University
The following is a list of heads of Yale University
Yale University
Yale University is a private, Ivy League university located in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States...

(formerly known as Collegiate School and Yale College).

	Rectors of Yale College	birth–death	years as rector
1	The Reverend Abraham Pierson Abraham Pierson Reverend Abraham Pierson was the first rector, from 1701 to 1707, and one of the founders of the Collegiate School — which later became Yale University. He was born in Southampton, Long Island, where his father, the Rev. Abraham Pierson , was the pastor of the Puritan church...	(1641–1707)	(1701–1707) Collegiate School
2	The Reverend Samuel Andrew Samuel Andrew Samuel Andrew was an American Congregational clergyman and educator. He was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He served as the rector of Yale University between 1707 and 1719.-Notes:...	(1656–1738)	(1707–1719) (pro tempore)
3	The Reverend Timothy Cutler Timothy Cutler Timothy Cutler was an American Episcopal clergyman and rector of Yale College.-Family background:Cutler was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, a descendant of Robert Cutler who settled there prior to October 28, 1636. His father was Major John Cutler, an anchorsmith, and his mother, Martha Wiswall...	(1684–1765)	(1719–1726) 1718/9: renamed Yale College
4	The Reverend Elisha Williams Elisha Williams Elisha Williams was a Congregational minister, legislator, jurist, and rector of Yale College from 1726 to 1739.-Life:The son of Rev. William Williams and his wife Elizabeth, née Cotton Elisha Williams (August 24, 1694 – July 24, 1755) was a Congregational minister, legislator, jurist, and...	(1694–1755)	(1726–1739)
5	The Reverend Thomas Clap Thomas Clap Thomas Clap, also spelled Thomas Clapp , was an American academic and educator, a Congregational Minister, and college administrator. He was both the fifth rector and the earliest to be called "president" of Yale College .He was born in Scituate, Massachusetts, and studied with Rev...	(1703–1767)	(1740–1745)

	Presidents of Yale College	birth–death	years as president
1	The Reverend Thomas Clap Thomas Clap Thomas Clap, also spelled Thomas Clapp , was an American academic and educator, a Congregational Minister, and college administrator. He was both the fifth rector and the earliest to be called "president" of Yale College .He was born in Scituate, Massachusetts, and studied with Rev...	(1703–1767)	(1745–1766)
2	The Reverend Naphtali Daggett Naphtali Daggett Naphtali Daggett was an American academic and educator. He graduated from Yale University in 1748. Three years later, he became pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Smithtown, Long Island...	(1727–1780)	(1766–1777) (pro tempore) - presidency during the American Revolution
3	The Reverend Ezra Stiles Ezra Stiles Ezra Stiles was an American academic and educator, a Congregationalist minister, theologian and author. He was president of Yale College .-Early life:...	(1727–1795)	(1778–1795) - presidency during the American Revolution
4	The Reverend Timothy Dwight IV Timothy Dwight IV Timothy Dwight was an American academic and educator, a Congregationalist minister, theologian, and author...	(1752–1817)	(1795–1817)
5	The Reverend Jeremiah Day Jeremiah Day Jeremiah Day was an American academic, a Congregational minister and President of Yale College .-Early life:Day was the son of Rev...	(1773–1867)	(1817–1846)
6	Theodore Dwight Woolsey Theodore Dwight Woolsey Theodore Dwight Woolsey was an American academic, author and president of Yale College from 1846 through 1871.-Biography:Theodore Dwight Woolsey was born October 31, 1801 in New York City...	(1801–1899)	(1846–1871)
7	The Reverend Noah Porter III	(1811–1892)	(1871–1886)
8	The Reverend Timothy Dwight V Timothy Dwight V Timothy Dwight V was an American academic, an educator, a Congregational minister, and president of Yale College...	(1828–1916)	(1886–1899) 1887: renamed Yale University
9	Arthur Twining Hadley Arthur Twining Hadley Arthur Twining Hadley was an economist who served as President of Yale University from 1899 to 1921.-Biography:...	(1856–1930)	(1899–1921)
10	James Rowland Angell James Rowland Angell James Rowland Angell was an American psychologist and educator. He served as the president of Yale University between 1921 and 1937...	(1869–1949)	(1921–1937)
11	Charles Seymour Charles Seymour Charles Seymour was an American academic, historian and President of Yale University from 1937 to 1951.-Early life:...	(1885–1963)	(1937–1951)
12	Alfred Whitney Griswold Alfred Whitney Griswold Alfred Whitney Griswold was an American historian and educator, and President of Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.-Biography:...	(1906–1963)	(1951–1963)
13	Kingman Brewster, Jr. Kingman Brewster, Jr. Kingman Brewster, Jr., was an educator, president of Yale University, and American diplomat.-Early life:...	(1919–1988)	(1963–1977)
14	Hanna Holborn Gray Hanna Holborn Gray Hanna Holborn Gray , is a historian of political thought in the area of the Renaissance and Reformation, and an emerita professor and former President of the University of Chicago.-Biography:...	(1930– )	(1977–1977) (acting)
15	A. Bartlett Giamatti A. Bartlett Giamatti Angelo Bartlett "Bart" Giamatti was the president of Yale University and later the seventh Commissioner of Major League Baseball. Giamatti negotiated the agreement that terminated the Pete Rose betting scandal by permitting Rose to voluntarily withdraw from the sport, avoiding further...	(1938–1989)	(1977–1986)
16	Benno C. Schmidt, Jr. Benno C. Schmidt, Jr. Benno Charles Schmidt, Jr. is the Chairman of Avenues: The World School, a worldwide system of for profit, private K-12 schools. He is a former president of Yale University, where he served from 1986 to 1992 as the university's sixteenth president...	(1942– )	(1986–1992)
17	Howard R. Lamar Howard R. Lamar Howard Roberts Lamar is a historian of the American West, and a former president of Yale University.-Biography:He was born in 1923 in Tuskegee, Alabama, U.S., and was drawn into history in part by his rich family history which includes two United States Supreme Court justices and the second...	(1923– )	(1992–1993) (acting)
18	Richard C. Levin	(1947– )	(1993– )

External links

Brown University links

Biographic Sketch at U.S. Congress website - Manning
Encyclopedia Brunoniana - Manning
Brown University's John Hay Library
History of the Baptists by Armitage - Manning
"Francis Wayland: Preacher-Economist" by Laurence Vance. Mises.org. 8 February 2007.
Francis Wayland, The Elements of Moral Science, (1835, 1856 ed.)

Baptist Identity and Christian Higher Education, monograph by Donald D. Schmeltekopf and Dianna M. Vitanza

Columbia University links

Cornell University links Brief history of White Book with footnotes, in an easy-to-read format

Dartmouth College links

Harvard University links

A History of the Baptists - Charles Chauncy
Harvard, Its Presidents, and Kings (New England Historic Genealogical Society)
Dunster Papers at Harvard
Eliot, Charles William, Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), 1911.
Brief biography, Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Edition, 2001.

University of Pennsylvania links

59 Sermons by George Whitefield at the 'Asia-Pacific Institute of Biblical Studies (APIBS)' "103 Classic Seremons - Library"
Biography and portrait at the University of Pennsylvania
Benjamin Franklin: First American Diplomat US State Department
Yale edition of complete works
The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin Project Gutenberg
Single page version, UShistory.org

Princeton University links

Yale University links

Dexter, Franklin Bowditch. (1901). The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles (Vol. I, January 1, 1769-March 13, 1776). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.

__________. (1901). The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles Vol. II, March 14, 1776-December 31, 1781. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. OCLC 2198912
__________. (1901). The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles (Vol. III, January 1, 1782-May 6, 1795). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.

Kelley, Brooks Mather. (1999). Yale: A History. New Haven: Yale University Press
Yale University Press
Yale University Press is a book publisher founded in 1908 by George Parmly Day. It became an official department of Yale University in 1961, but remains financially and operationally autonomous....

. 10-ISBN 0-300-07843-9: 13-ISBN 978-0-300-07843-5; OCLC 810552

Morgan
Edmund Morgan
Edmund Sears Morgan , an eminent authority on early American history, is Emeritus Professor of History at Yale University, where he taught from 1955 to 1986.-Life:...

, Edmund Sears. (1983). The Gentle Puritan: A Life of Ezra Stiles, 1727-1795. The gentle puritan: a life of Ezra Stiles, 1727-1795. Raleigh: University of North Carolina Press
University of North Carolina Press
The University of North Carolina Press , founded in 1922, is a university press that is part of the University of North Carolina....

. 10-ISBN 0-8078-1231-5; 13-ISBN 978-0-8078-1231-0

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