The following is a
list of Iranic states and empires. It includes both states and empires founded by the
Iranian peoplesThe Iranian peoples are an ethnic and linguistic branch of Indo-European peoples, living mainly on the Iranian plateau and beyond in central, southern, and southwestern Asia and southeastern Europe. As a group of people, they are predominantly defined along linguistic lines as speaking the Iranian...
and
those that have been heavily affected by Iranian civilization or culture.
Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous CountyTashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County is one of the counties of Kashgar Prefecture in western Xinjiang.- Geography :...
North Ossetia-AlaniaThe Republic of North Ossetia-Alania is a federal subject of Russia . The direct romanization of the Russian name of the republic is Respublika Severnaya Osetiya-Alaniya...
North-West Frontier ProvinceThe North-West Frontier Province is the smallest of the four provinces of Pakistan...
Balochistan (Pakistan)Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan by geographical area, constituting approximately 48% of the total area of Pakistan. At the 1998 census, Balochistan had a population of roughly 6.5 million. Its neighbouring regions are Iran to the west, Afghanistan and the North West Frontier...
Iraqi KurdistanIraqi Kurdistan or Kurdistan Region also referred to as Southern Kurdistan as part of Greater Kurdistan is an autonomous, federally recognized region of Iraq...
Daoud's Republic of AfghanistanDaoud's Republic of Afghanistan was a self-declared republic in Central Asia established by Mohammed Daoud Khan in 1973 after a nearly bloodless coup. Daoud became Afghanistan's first President and the only president in the Daoud Republic...
: Lasted from July 17, 1973 to April 28, 1978.
Democratic Republic of AfghanistanThe Democratic Republic of Afghanistan was a communist state established by the Afghan communist party, People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan by then leader Nur Muhammad Taraki in 1978 in the Saur Revolution. From the start the republic ran into conflict with the local mujahideens which...
: Lasted from 1978 to 1992.
Kingdom of Kurdistan(Iraq): Lasted from September 1922 to July 1924.
Republic of AraratThe Republic of Ararat was a self-proclaimed Kurdish state. It was located in the east of modern Turkey, being centred on Ağrı Province....
: Lasted from 1927 to 1931.
Republic of MahabadThe Republic of Mahabad , officially known as Republic of Kurdistan and established in Iranian Kurdistan, was a short-lived, Kurdish state of the 20th century after the Republic of Ararat in Turkey...
: Lasted from January 22, 1946 to December 15, 1946.
Tajik ASSRThe Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was an autonomous republic within the Uzbek SSR in the Soviet Union. It was created in October 1924 by a series of legal acts that partitioned the three existing regional entities in Central Asia – Turkestan ASSR, Bukharan People's Soviet Republic,...
: Lasted until 1929.
Tajik SSRThe Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic , also known as the Tajik SSR for short, was one of the 15 republics that made up the Soviet Union. Located in Central Asia, Tajik SSR was created on 5 December 1929 as a national entity for the Tajik people within the Soviet Union...
: Lasted from 1929 to 1991.
Talysh-Mughan Autonomous RepublicThe Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic was a short-lived self-proclaimed autonomous republic in Azerbaijan, that lasted from June to August 1993. It was located in extreme southeastern Azerbaijan, envisaging to consist in the 7 administrative districts of Azerbaijan around the regional capital city...
: Lasted from June to August 1993.
Ottoman EmpireThe Ottoman Empire or Ottoman State , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299 to November 1, 1922 The Ottoman Empire or Ottoman State (Ottoman Turkish: دَوْلَتِ عَلِیَّهِ عُثْمَانِیَّه Dawlet-il ʿAliyyat-il ʿOs̠māniyye, Modern Turkish:...
: (1299-1922) (because the culture of the ruling dynasty, the
House of OsmanThe Ottoman Dynasty ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922, beginning with Osman I , though the dynasty was not proclaimed until Orhan Bey declared himself sultan...
, was largely derived from the Persian culture, the Ottomans may also be regarded as Turkic Persianate; see also:
Turko-Persian TraditionThe composite Turko-Persian tradition was a variant of Islamic culture. It was Persianate in that it was centered on a lettered tradition of Iranian origin; it was Turkic insofar as it was for many generations patronized by rulers of Turkic background; it was Islamic in that Islamic notions of...
)
AlansThe Alans or Alani were a group of Sarmatian tribes, nomadic pastoralists of the 1st millennium AD who spoke an Eastern Iranian language which derived from Scytho-Sarmatian and which in turn evolved into modern Ossetian.-Name:The various forms of Alan — Greek: Αλανοί, Αλαννοί; Chinese: 阿蘭聊...
Chosroid DynastyThe Chosroids were a dynasty of the kings and later of the presiding princes of the early Georgian state of Iberia, natively known as Kartli, from the fourth to the ninth centuries. Of Iranian origin and a branch of the Mihranid House, the family accepted Christianity as their official religion c...
: a dynasty of
IranianThe Iranian peoples are an ethnic and linguistic branch of Indo-European peoples, living mainly on the Iranian plateau and beyond in central, southern, and southwestern Asia and southeastern Europe. As a group of people, they are predominantly defined along linguistic lines as speaking the Iranian...
origin and a branch of the Mihranids.
CimmeriansThe Cimmerians or Kimmerians were ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin.According to Herodotus, they originally inhabited the region north of the Caucasus and the Black Sea, in what is now Ukraine and Russia, in the 8th and 7th centuries BC. Although Herodotus's view was widely...
: ancient equestrian nomads of Iranian or Thracian origin
MihranidsThe Mihranids were the ruling dynasty of Caucasian Albania. They claimed to be of Sassanian Persian descent but were probably of Parthian origin....
:
ParthiaParthia is a region of north-eastern Iran, best known for having been the political and cultural base of the Arsacid dynasts, after which the Arsacid Empire is then also known as the 'Parthian Empire'....
n or
PersianThe Persian people are the majority ethnic group in Iran. However, there are sub-groups who speak the Persian language as their mother tongue throughout the Iranian plateau. The term Persian has also a supra-ethnic significance and has been historically referred to a part of Iranian peoples...
ruling family of Arran from the 6th century to the 8th century.
ShaddadidThe Shaddadids were a Kurdish dynasty who ruled in various parts of Armenia and Arran from 951-1199 A.D. They were established in Dvin. Through their long tenure in Armenia, they often intermarried with the Bagratuni royal family of Armenia....
:
KurdishThe Kurds are an Ethnic-Iranian ethnolinguistic group mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey...
rulers of
ArmeniaArmenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
and Arran from 951 to 1174 or 1199.
Shirvanshahs: Persianized family of original Arab descent that ruled
ShirvanShirvan , also spelled as Shirwan and Šervān, is a historical region in the eastern Caucasus, known by this name in both Islamic and modern times...
from 801 to 1538.
Bactria-MargianaThe Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex is the modern archaeological designation for a Bronze Age culture of Central Asia, dated to ca. 2200–1700 BC, located in present day Turkmenistan, northern Afghanistan, southern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan, centered on the upper Amu Darya...
: ca.
The following is a
list of Iranic states and empires. It includes both states and empires founded by the
Iranian peoplesThe Iranian peoples are an ethnic and linguistic branch of Indo-European peoples, living mainly on the Iranian plateau and beyond in central, southern, and southwestern Asia and southeastern Europe. As a group of people, they are predominantly defined along linguistic lines as speaking the Iranian...
and
those that have been heavily affected by Iranian civilization or culture.
Autonomous entities
Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous CountyTashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County is one of the counties of Kashgar Prefecture in western Xinjiang.- Geography :...
North Ossetia-AlaniaThe Republic of North Ossetia-Alania is a federal subject of Russia . The direct romanization of the Russian name of the republic is Respublika Severnaya Osetiya-Alaniya...
North-West Frontier ProvinceThe North-West Frontier Province is the smallest of the four provinces of Pakistan...
Balochistan (Pakistan)Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan by geographical area, constituting approximately 48% of the total area of Pakistan. At the 1998 census, Balochistan had a population of roughly 6.5 million. Its neighbouring regions are Iran to the west, Afghanistan and the North West Frontier...
Iraqi KurdistanIraqi Kurdistan or Kurdistan Region also referred to as Southern Kurdistan as part of Greater Kurdistan is an autonomous, federally recognized region of Iraq...
Former and Defunct countries and autonomous regions
Daoud's Republic of AfghanistanDaoud's Republic of Afghanistan was a self-declared republic in Central Asia established by Mohammed Daoud Khan in 1973 after a nearly bloodless coup. Daoud became Afghanistan's first President and the only president in the Daoud Republic...
: Lasted from July 17, 1973 to April 28, 1978.
Democratic Republic of AfghanistanThe Democratic Republic of Afghanistan was a communist state established by the Afghan communist party, People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan by then leader Nur Muhammad Taraki in 1978 in the Saur Revolution. From the start the republic ran into conflict with the local mujahideens which...
: Lasted from 1978 to 1992.
Kingdom of Kurdistan(Iraq): Lasted from September 1922 to July 1924.
Republic of AraratThe Republic of Ararat was a self-proclaimed Kurdish state. It was located in the east of modern Turkey, being centred on Ağrı Province....
: Lasted from 1927 to 1931.
Republic of MahabadThe Republic of Mahabad , officially known as Republic of Kurdistan and established in Iranian Kurdistan, was a short-lived, Kurdish state of the 20th century after the Republic of Ararat in Turkey...
: Lasted from January 22, 1946 to December 15, 1946.
Tajik ASSRThe Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was an autonomous republic within the Uzbek SSR in the Soviet Union. It was created in October 1924 by a series of legal acts that partitioned the three existing regional entities in Central Asia – Turkestan ASSR, Bukharan People's Soviet Republic,...
: Lasted until 1929.
Tajik SSRThe Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic , also known as the Tajik SSR for short, was one of the 15 republics that made up the Soviet Union. Located in Central Asia, Tajik SSR was created on 5 December 1929 as a national entity for the Tajik people within the Soviet Union...
: Lasted from 1929 to 1991.
Talysh-Mughan Autonomous RepublicThe Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic was a short-lived self-proclaimed autonomous republic in Azerbaijan, that lasted from June to August 1993. It was located in extreme southeastern Azerbaijan, envisaging to consist in the 7 administrative districts of Azerbaijan around the regional capital city...
: Lasted from June to August 1993.
Anatolia
Ottoman EmpireThe Ottoman Empire or Ottoman State , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299 to November 1, 1922 The Ottoman Empire or Ottoman State (Ottoman Turkish: دَوْلَتِ عَلِیَّهِ عُثْمَانِیَّه Dawlet-il ʿAliyyat-il ʿOs̠māniyye, Modern Turkish:...
: (1299-1922) (because the culture of the ruling dynasty, the
House of OsmanThe Ottoman Dynasty ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922, beginning with Osman I , though the dynasty was not proclaimed until Orhan Bey declared himself sultan...
, was largely derived from the Persian culture, the Ottomans may also be regarded as Turkic Persianate; see also:
Turko-Persian TraditionThe composite Turko-Persian tradition was a variant of Islamic culture. It was Persianate in that it was centered on a lettered tradition of Iranian origin; it was Turkic insofar as it was for many generations patronized by rulers of Turkic background; it was Islamic in that Islamic notions of...
)
Caucasus
AlansThe Alans or Alani were a group of Sarmatian tribes, nomadic pastoralists of the 1st millennium AD who spoke an Eastern Iranian language which derived from Scytho-Sarmatian and which in turn evolved into modern Ossetian.-Name:The various forms of Alan — Greek: Αλανοί, Αλαννοί; Chinese: 阿蘭聊...
Chosroid DynastyThe Chosroids were a dynasty of the kings and later of the presiding princes of the early Georgian state of Iberia, natively known as Kartli, from the fourth to the ninth centuries. Of Iranian origin and a branch of the Mihranid House, the family accepted Christianity as their official religion c...
: a dynasty of
IranianThe Iranian peoples are an ethnic and linguistic branch of Indo-European peoples, living mainly on the Iranian plateau and beyond in central, southern, and southwestern Asia and southeastern Europe. As a group of people, they are predominantly defined along linguistic lines as speaking the Iranian...
origin and a branch of the Mihranids.
CimmeriansThe Cimmerians or Kimmerians were ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin.According to Herodotus, they originally inhabited the region north of the Caucasus and the Black Sea, in what is now Ukraine and Russia, in the 8th and 7th centuries BC. Although Herodotus's view was widely...
: ancient equestrian nomads of Iranian or Thracian origin
MihranidsThe Mihranids were the ruling dynasty of Caucasian Albania. They claimed to be of Sassanian Persian descent but were probably of Parthian origin....
:
ParthiaParthia is a region of north-eastern Iran, best known for having been the political and cultural base of the Arsacid dynasts, after which the Arsacid Empire is then also known as the 'Parthian Empire'....
n or
PersianThe Persian people are the majority ethnic group in Iran. However, there are sub-groups who speak the Persian language as their mother tongue throughout the Iranian plateau. The term Persian has also a supra-ethnic significance and has been historically referred to a part of Iranian peoples...
ruling family of Arran from the 6th century to the 8th century.
ShaddadidThe Shaddadids were a Kurdish dynasty who ruled in various parts of Armenia and Arran from 951-1199 A.D. They were established in Dvin. Through their long tenure in Armenia, they often intermarried with the Bagratuni royal family of Armenia....
:
KurdishThe Kurds are an Ethnic-Iranian ethnolinguistic group mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey...
rulers of
ArmeniaArmenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
and Arran from 951 to 1174 or 1199.
Shirvanshahs: Persianized family of original Arab descent that ruled
ShirvanShirvan , also spelled as Shirwan and Šervān, is a historical region in the eastern Caucasus, known by this name in both Islamic and modern times...
from 801 to 1538.
Central Asia
Bactria-MargianaThe Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex is the modern archaeological designation for a Bronze Age culture of Central Asia, dated to ca. 2200–1700 BC, located in present day Turkmenistan, northern Afghanistan, southern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan, centered on the upper Amu Darya...
: ca. 2200–1700 BCE.
Sogdia:
Greco-Bactrian KingdomThe Greco-Bactrian Kingdom was the easternmost part of the Hellenistic world, covering Bactria and Sogdiana in Central Asia from 250 to 125 BCE...
: Lasted from 250 until 125 BCE.
TuranTūrān is the ancient Iranian name for Central Asia, literally meaning "the land of the Tur". As described below, the original Turanians are the...
(Avesta)
MassagetaeThe Massageteans or Massagetaeans were an Iranian nomadic confederation in antiquity known primarily from the writings of Herodotus. Their name was probably akin to Getae and Thyssagetae.-Customs:According to Herodotus:...
HephthaliteThe Hephthalites were a Central Asian nomadic confederation whose precise origins and composition remain obscure. According to Chinese chronicles they were originally a tribe living to the north of the Great Wall and were known as Hoa or Hoa-tun. Elsewhere they were called White Huns...
: Lasted from 425 until 557 CE.
Samanid dynasty: Lasted from 819 until 999 CE.
GhuridsThe Ghurids or Ghorids were a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Turkish origin in Ghor, west central Afghanistan...
: Islamic Tajik dynasty, lasted from 543-613 until 1148-1215
HotakiThe Hotaki dynasty was an Afghan dynasty that ruled Persia and the Afghanistan region after the Safavid dynasty, before the rise of the Afsharid dynasty. It was founded in 1709 by Mirwais Khan Hotak, the chief of the Ghilzai Pashtuns of Kandahar, Afghanistan. In April of 1709, Mirwais Khan and...
:
PashtunPashtuns , also called Pathans or ethnic Afghans, are an Eastern Iranian ethno-linguistic group with populations primarily in Afghanistan and in the North-West Frontier Province, Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Balochistan provinces of Pakistan...
dynasty, lasted from 1709 until 1738.
Ghaznavid dynastyThe Ghaznavids were a Persianate Muslim dynasty of Turkic mamluk origin which existed from 975 to 1187 and ruled much of Persia, Transoxania, and the northern parts of the Indian subcontinent. The Ghaznavid state was centered in Ghazni, a city in present Afghanistan...
: Ruled by a predominantly
Persian-speakingPersian is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is widely spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and to some extent in Iraq and Bahrain, and has a status of official language in the first three countries under different names...
family of Turkic
mamlukA mamluk was a soldier who converted to Islam and served the Muslim Arab caliphs from the 9th to the 16th centuries. They were of mixed ancestry but mainly Kipchak Turks...
origin; the Turkic identity of the dynasty is controversial. Lasted from
962-Europe:* February 2—Pope John XII crowns Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor.* February 3—Pope John XII and Otto co-sign the Diploma Ottonianum.* December—A Byzantine army under Nikephoros Phokas captures and plunders Aleppo....
until 1187
Khwarezm ShahsThe Khwarezmian dynasty, also known as Khwarezmids, Khwarezm Shahs or Khwarezm-Shah dynasty was a Persianate Sunni Muslim dynasty of Turkic mamluk origin....
: Ruled by a predominantly
Persian-speakingPersian is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is widely spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and to some extent in Iraq and Bahrain, and has a status of official language in the first three countries under different names...
family of Turkic
mamluk origin; Turkic identity of the dynasty is controversial. Lasted from 1097 until 1231.
Timurid dynastyThe Timurids , self-designated Gurkānī
, were a Persianate Central Asian Sunni Muslim dynasty of originally Turko-Mongol descent whose empire included the whole of Central Asia, Iran, modern Afghanistan, as well as large parts of Pakistan, India, Mesopotamia and Caucasus...
: Turkicized and
PersianizedPersianization or Persianisation is a process of cultural and/or linguistic change in which something non-Persian becomes Persian. People may also be Persianized/persified; an immigrant to Iran becomes Iraninized as he or she acclimates to the culture.Historically, it was commonly used in...
dynasty of Mongol origin. Lasted from 1370 until 1506
Durrani EmpireThe Durrani Empire was a large state based in modern Afghanistan and Pakistan and later included northeastern Iran and even parts of eastern Punjab, India. It was founded at Kandahar in 1747 by a Pashtun military commander, Ahmad Shah Durrani...
: Lasted from 1747 until 1823.
Iranian plateau and Middle East
Ayyubids: Kurdish
MannaeansThe Mannaeans were an ancient people who lived in the territory of present-day Iran, around the 10th to 7th centuries BC...
: Possibly an Indo-Iranian peoples, 10th to 7th centuries BCE.
Median EmpireThe Medes were an ancient Iranian people who lived in the northwestern portions of present-day Iran. This area is known as Media...
: First Iranian empire, lasted from 727 until 549 BCE.
Achaemenid EmpireThe Achaemenid Empire or Persian Empire was the successor state of the Median Empire, ruling over significant portions of what would become Greater Iran. The Persian and the Median Empire taken together are also known as the Medo-Persian Empire, succeeding the Neo-Assyrian Empire...
: Second Iranian empire, lasted from 559 until 330 BCE.
ParthiaParthia is a region of north-eastern Iran, best known for having been the political and cultural base of the Arsacid dynasts, after which the Arsacid Empire is then also known as the 'Parthian Empire'....
: Third Iranian empire, lasted from 63 BCE until 220 CE.
Sassanid EmpireThe Sassanid Empire or Sasanian Empire, known to its inhabitants as Ērānshahr, was the last pre-Islamic Persian Empire, ruled by the Sasanian Dynasty who reigned from 224 to 651 CE...
: Fourth Iranian empire, lasted from 226 until 651 CE.
Abbasid Caliphate : Persianized Arab Islamic dynasty which lasted from 750 until 1258 CE.
Rawadids: Kurdicized family of original Arab descent
Buyid dynasty: Persian Shi'a dynastic confederation from Daylaman
Saffarid: Native Iranian dynasty from Sistan 861 A.D. to 1003 A.D.
Tahirids: Native Iranian dynasty who ruled from 821-873.
SajidsFor the music director, see Sajid The Sajid dynasty was an Islamic dynasty that ruled the Iranian region of Azerbaijan from 889-890 until 929....
: Sogdian dynasty ruling NW Ira from 889 A.D. to 929 A.D.
SallaridThe Sallarid dynasty was an Islamic Iranian dynasty principally known for its rule of Iranian Azerbaijan and part of Armenia from 942 until 979...
: Daylamite dynasty ruling NW Iran from 942 A.D. to 979 A.D.
JustanidThe Justanids , correctly pronounced as "justānids" were the rulers of part of Daylam from the late eight century to approximately eleventh century .- History :The Justanids appear as 'Kings of Daylam' in the end of the 8th century...
: Daylamite dynasty. From 791 A.D. to 974 A.D.
HasanwayhidHasanawayhid or Hasanuyid was a Kurdish principality from 959 to 1015, centered at Dinawar . The principality ruled western Iran and upper Mesopotamia. The founder of the dynasty was Hasanwayh bin Husayn from the Kurdish tribe of Barzikani...
: Kurdish dynasty. Lasted from 959 until 1015 CE.
AnnazidThe Annazid or Banu Annaz or Al-Anazis ,, were a Kurdish dynasty that ruled a territory on the present-day Iran-Iraq frontier that included Kermanshah,Ilam, Hulwan, Dinawar , Sharazour, Daquq, Daskara, Bandanijin, and No'maniya ...
: Kurdish dynasty. Lasted from 990 until 1116 CE.
Seljuq Empire: Ruled by a
PersianizedPersianization or Persianisation is a process of cultural and/or linguistic change in which something non-Persian becomes Persian. People may also be Persianized/persified; an immigrant to Iran becomes Iraninized as he or she acclimates to the culture.Historically, it was commonly used in...
TurkicThe Turkic peoples are Eurasian peoples residing in northern, central and western Eurasia. They speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family. They share, to varying degrees, certain cultural traits and historical backgrounds...
dynasty of Oghuz Turkic origin. Lasted from 1073 until 1307.
ZiyaridThe Ziyarids, also spelled Zeyarids , were an Iranian dynasty that ruled in the Caspian sea provinces of Gorgan and Mazandaran from 928-1043 . The founder of the dynasty was Mardavij , who took advantage of a rebellion in the Samanid army of Iran to seize power in northern Iran...
: Iranian dynasty that ruled in the Caspian sea provinces of
GorganGorgan is the capital of the Golestan Province, Iran. It lies approximately 400 km to the north east of Tehran, some 30 km away from the Caspian Sea. It had an estimated population of 241,000 in 2005.
...
and Mazandaran. Lasted from 928 until 1043
Safavid dynastyThe Safavids were one of the ruling dynasties of Iran. They ruled one of the greatest Iranian empires since the Islamic conquest of Persia and established the Ithnāˤashari school of Shi'a Islam as the official religion of their empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the...
: Fifth Iranian empire, lasted from 1502 until 1722.
Afsharid dynastyThe Afsharids were members of an Iranian dynasty of Turkic descent from Khorasan who ruled Persia in the 18th century. The dynasty was founded in 1736 by the military commander Nader Shah who deposed the last member of the Safavid dynasty and proclaimed himself King of Iran. During Nader's reign,...
: Sixth Iranian empire, lasted from 1736 until 1796
Zand dynastyThe Zand dynasty ruled southern and central Iran in the eighteenth century.- Karim Khan Zand :...
: Dynasty of
LorLOR may refer to:* Lady of Rage* Lunar orbit rendezvous, a method used to land man on the moon and safely return* Linux.org.ru, a website for Russian-speaking Linux and BSD users* The Lord of the Rings, a novel by J. R. R...
descent which ruled in Southern Iran, lasted from 1750 until 1794.
Qajar dynastyThe Qajar dynasty ) was a Turco-Persian Qajar royal family who ruled Persia from 1794 to 1925....
: Seventh Iranian empire, lasted from 1781 until 1925.
Pahlavi dynastyThe Pahlavi dynasty ruled Iran from the crowning of Reza Shah Pahlavi in 1925, following the overthrow of Ahmad Shah Qajar, the last ruler of the Qajar dynasty, already weakened by Soviet and British occupation....
: Last Iranian dynasty, lasted from 1925 until 1979.
South Asia
Indo-ScythiansThe Indo-Scythians are a branch of Sakas , who migrated from southern Siberia into Bactria, Sogdiana, Arachosia, Gandhara, Kashmir, Punjab, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Rajasthan, from the middle of the 2nd century BCE to the 4th century CE...
Indo-Parthians
Pallavas: Pahlava rulers, and founders, of the Pallava Kingdom in southern India, lasting from the 6th century to the late 9th century.
KadavaKadava was the name of a South Indian ruling dynasty who ruled parts of the Tamil country during the thirteenth and the fourteenth century CE. Kadavas were related to the Pallava dynasty and ruled from Kudalur near Cuddalore in Tamil Nadu.The Kadava kingdom was at the height of their power briefly...
kingdom: Rulers claimed descent from the Pallavas, 13th and 14th centuries.
Mughal EmpireThe Mughal Empire was an Islamic and Persianate imperial power of the Indian subcontinent which began in 1526, invaded and ruled most of Hindustan by the late 17th and early 18th centuries, and ended in the mid-19th century...
- Persianized mixed Persian, Turkic, and Mongolic Islamic Indian dynasty, lasting from April 21, 1526 to September 21, 1857.