List of Indian spices
Encyclopedia
Indian spices include a variety of spices and herbs grown across the Indian subcontinent
Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent, also Indian Subcontinent, Indo-Pak Subcontinent or South Asian Subcontinent is a region of the Asian continent on the Indian tectonic plate from the Hindu Kush or Hindu Koh, Himalayas and including the Kuen Lun and Karakoram ranges, forming a land mass which extends...

 (South Asia
South Asia
South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries to the west and the east...

). With different climates in different parts of the country, India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

 produces a variety of spices, many of which are native to the Subcontinent, while others were imported from similar climates and have since been cultivated locally for centuries.

Spices are typically heated in a pan with ghee
Ghee
Ghee is a class of clarified butter that originated in South Asia and is commonly used in South Asian cuisine....

 or cooking oil
Cooking oil
Cooking oil is purified fat of plant origin, which is usually liquid at room temperature ....

 before being added to a dish. Lighter spices are added last, and spices with strong flavor should be added first. Curry
Curry
Curry is a generic description used throughout Western culture to describe a variety of dishes from Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan, Thai or other Southeast Asian cuisines...

 is not a spice, but a term which refers to any side dish in Indian cuisine
Indian cuisine
Indian cuisine consists of thousands of regional cuisines which date back thousands of years. The dishes of India are characterised by the extensive use of various Indian spices, herbs, vegetables and fruit. Indian cuisine is also known for the widespread practice of vegetarianism in Indian society...

. It could be with a gravy
Gravy
Gravy is a sauce made often from the juices that run naturally from meat or vegetables during cooking. In North America the term can refer to a wider variety of sauces and gravy is often thicker than in Britain...

 base or a dry item. A curry typically contains several spices blended together.

List of Indian spices

Below is a list of spices and other flavoring substances commonly used in India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...


Indian Common Name (All these are Hindi names but written in English). English Name Urdu Name Hindi Name (in Devanagari Font) Tamil name Malayalam Name Telugu Name Kannada Name Bengali Name Comments
Adrak Ginger
Ginger
Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale, consumed as a delicacy, medicine, or spice. It lends its name to its genus and family . Other notable members of this plant family are turmeric, cardamom, and galangal....

अद्रक இஞ்சி ഇഞ്ചി అల్లం ಅಲ್ಲ আদা Used as fresh and also Dried Powder form, see "Sonth"
Aamchur/Amchoor powder Sour mango
Mango
The mango is a fleshy stone fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The mango is native to India from where it spread all over the world. It is also the most cultivated fruit of the tropical world. While...

 powder
आमचूर / अमचुर మామిడి చూర్ణము ಮಾವಿನಕಾಯಿ ಪುಡಿ gives fish curries tartness
Achar Indian pickle
Indian pickle
Indian pickles are made from certain individual varieties of vegetables and fruits that are chopped into small pieces and cooked in edible oils like sesame oil or brine with many different Indian spices like asafetida, red chili powder, turmeric, fenugreek and plenty of salt. Some regions also...

अचार ஊறுகாய் അച്ചാര്‍ ఊరగాయ ಉಪ್ಪಿನಕಾಯಿ আচার, Hundreds of varieties exist. All are interesting.
Ajmud Celery
Celery
Apium graveolens is a plant species in the family Apiaceae commonly known as celery or celeriac , depending on whether the petioles or roots are eaten: celery refers to the former and celeriac to the latter. Apium graveolens grows to 1 m tall...

 / radhuni
Radhuni
Trachyspermum roxburghianum is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae. It is grown extensively in the South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Indonesia. Its aromatic dried fruits, like its close relative ajwain, are often used in Bengali cuisine but are rarely used in the rest of India...

 seed
अज्मुद,अज्मोदा அசம்டவோமன் వాము ಅಜಮೊದವೋಮ রাধুনী(radhuni)
Ajwain Carom/thyme
Thyme
Thyme is a culinary and medicinal herb of the genus Thymus.-History:Ancient Egyptians used thyme for embalming. The ancient Greeks used it in their baths and burnt it as incense in their temples, believing it was a source of courage...

 seed
अज़वाइन ஓமம் അയമോദകം వాము, , યવાનો, जवानो, ਐਜਵਾਇਨ, അയമോദകം ಓಮ জোয়ান
Amla Indian gooseberry
Indian gooseberry
Phyllanthus emblica , the Indian gooseberry, or aamla, is a deciduous tree of the Phyllanthaceae family. It is known for its edible fruit of the same name.-Plant anatomy and harvesting:...

आँवला நெல்லிக்காய் നെല്ലിക്ക ఉసిరి కాయ / పప్పు ನೆಲ್ಲಿಕಾಯಿ আমলকি
Anardana Pomegranate
Pomegranate
The pomegranate , Punica granatum, is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub or small tree growing between five and eight meters tall.Native to the area of modern day Iran, the pomegranate has been cultivated in the Caucasus since ancient times. From there it spread to Asian areas such as the Caucasus as...

 seed
अनारदाना மாதுளம் விதை മാതളനാരങ്ങ കുരു/അല്ലി దానిమ్మ, గింజలు ದಾಳಿಂಬೆ ಬಿತ್ತು Dried not fresh. Is ground in Middle East.
Bazil / Basil Fresh basil
Basil
Basil, or Sweet Basil, is a common name for the culinary herb Ocimum basilicum , of the family Lamiaceae , sometimes known as Saint Joseph's Wort in some English-speaking countries....

बाजील துளசி തുളസി ತುಳಸಿ
mayur Badam Almond
Almond
The almond , is a species of tree native to the Middle East and South Asia. Almond is also the name of the edible and widely cultivated seed of this tree...

बादाम பாதாம், ബദാം బాదాం ಬಾದಾಮಿ বাদাম
Choti Elaichi Green cardamom छोटी इलाइची ஏலக்காய் ഏലക്ക ఏలకులు ಏಲಕ್ಕಿ এলাচ Malabar variety is native to Kerala.
Badi Elaichi Black cardamom
Black cardamom
Black cardamom, also known as hill cardamom, Bengal cardamom, greater cardamom, Indian cardamom, Nepal cardamom, or winged cardamom, brown cardamom, thảo quả and tsao-ko) comes from either of two species in the family Zingiberaceae...

बड़ी इलाइची கறுப்பு ஏலக்காய் കറുപ്പ് ഏലക്ക ಕಱಿಯೇಲಕ್ಕಿ Very earthy and darkly aromatic.
Chakra Phool Star anise
Star anise
Illicium verum, commonly called Star anise, star aniseed, or Chinese star anise, is a spice that closely resembles anise in flavor, obtained from the star-shaped pericarp of Illicium verum, a small native evergreen tree of northeast Vietnam and southwest China...

चक्र फूल, बदल फुल തക്കോലം అనసపువ్వు ಚಕ್ರ ಮೊಗ್ಗು /ಹೂವ್ವು Exotic, chinese influenced flavors
Chironji Charoli
Charoli
Charoli are seeds of Buchanania lanzan used as a cooking spice primarily in India. Charoli are tiny almond-flavoured dried seeds of a bush called Buchanania lanzan, which is cultivated across India, primarily in the northwest. After the hard shell is cracked, the stubby seed within is as soft as a...

चिरोंजी సార పప్పు ಚರೋಳಿ a type of nut particularly used in making desserts
Camiki Mango
Mango
The mango is a fleshy stone fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The mango is native to India from where it spread all over the world. It is also the most cultivated fruit of the tropical world. While...

 extract
कामिकी
Dalchini Cinnamon
Cinnamon
Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several trees from the genus Cinnamomum that is used in both sweet and savoury foods...

दालचीनी லவங்கப்பட்டை കറുവപ്പട്ട దాల్చిన చెక్క ಚಕ್ಕೆ/ದಾಲ್ಚಿನ್ನಿ দারচিনি darchini' Grown commercially in Kerala in southern India. Two types, cassia (common) and royal.
Dhania Coriander
Coriander
Coriander is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. Coriander is native to southern Europe and North Africa to southwestern Asia. It is a soft, hairless plant growing to tall. The leaves are variable in shape, broadly lobed at the base of the plant, and slender and feathery higher on the...

 seed
धनिया விதை கொத்தமல்லி മല്ലി ధనియాలు ಕೊತ್ತಂಬರಿ ಬಿತ್ತು ধনে dhone
Garam Masala
Garam masala
Garam masala is a blend of ground spices common in North Indian and other South Asian cuisines. It is used alone or with other seasonings. The word garam refers to intensity of the spices rather than capsaicin content...

Spice mixture गरम मसाला கரம் மசாலா ഗരം മസാല గరం మసాలా ಗರಂ ಮಸಾಲಾ গরম মশলা gôrom môshla, Blend of 8+ spices. Each family has their own secret recipe.
Gulab Jal Rose water गुलाब जल பன்னீர் പനിനീര്‍ పన్నీరు ಗುಲಾಬಿ ನೀರು গোলাপ জল golap jôl Flavors desserts. Heavily used in Middle East.
Gur Jaggery
Jaggery
Jaggery is a traditional unrefined non-centrifugal whole cane sugar consumed in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. It is a concentrated product of cane juice without separation of the molasses and crystals, and can vary from golden brown to dark brown in color...

 (unrefined sugar)
गुड़ வெல்லம் (made from sugarcane juice) கருப்பட்டி (made from palm juice) വെല്ലം బెల్లము ಬೆಲ್ಲ গুড় guṛ, from the sap
Sap
Sap may refer to:* Plant sap, the fluid transported in xylem cells or phloem sieve tube elements of a plant* Sap , a village in the Dunajská Streda District of Slovakia...

 of the sugarcane
Sugarcane
Sugarcane refers to any of six to 37 species of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum . Native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of South Asia, they have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six metres tall...

 or date palm
Date Palm
The date palm is a palm in the genus Phoenix, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit. Although its place of origin is unknown because of long cultivation, it probably originated from lands around the Persian Gulf. It is a medium-sized plant, 15–25 m tall, growing singly or forming a clump with...

Haldi Turmeric
Turmeric
Turmeric is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. It is native to tropical South Asia and needs temperatures between 20 °C and 30 °C and a considerable amount of annual rainfall to thrive...

हल्दी மஞ்சள் മഞ്ഞള്‍ పసుపు ಅರಿಶಿನ/ಹಳದಿ হলুদ/হলদে holud/holde Source of "yellow color" in many curries.
Hari dhaniya Fresh coriander
Coriander
Coriander is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. Coriander is native to southern Europe and North Africa to southwestern Asia. It is a soft, hairless plant growing to tall. The leaves are variable in shape, broadly lobed at the base of the plant, and slender and feathery higher on the...

हरा धनिया கொத்தமல்லி (இலை) മല്ലിയില కొత్తిమీర ಕೊತ್ತಂಬರಿ ಸೊಪ್ಪು Fresh green leaves. AKA Cilantro.
Harad / hime Terminalia chebula
Terminalia chebula
Terminalia chebula is a species of Terminalia, native to southern Asia from India and Nepal east to southwestern China , and south to Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Vietnam.It is a deciduous tree growing to tall, with a trunk up to in diameter...

हरद கடுக்காய் కరక చెట్టు, ಅಳಲೆಕಾಯಿ
Hari Mirch Green chili pepper
Chili pepper
Chili pepper is the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. The term in British English and in Australia, New Zealand, India, Malaysia and other Asian countries is just chilli without pepper.Chili peppers originated in the Americas...

हरी मिर्च பச்சை மிளகாய் പച്ച മുളക് పచ్చి మిరపకాయలు ಹಸಿ ಮೆಣಸಿನಕಾಯಿ কাঁচা মরিচ kãcha morich,
Dhania powder/ Pisa Dhania Coriander
Coriander
Coriander is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. Coriander is native to southern Europe and North Africa to southwestern Asia. It is a soft, hairless plant growing to tall. The leaves are variable in shape, broadly lobed at the base of the plant, and slender and feathery higher on the...

 powder
धनिया पाउडर/पिसा धनिया கொத்தமல்லி பொடி, தனியா മല്ലിപ്പൊടി ధనియాల పొడి, ಕೊತ್ತಂಬರಿ ಪುಡಿ ধনে গুঁড়া
Hing Asafoetida
Asafoetida
Asafoetida , alternative spelling asafetida, is the dried latex exuded from the living underground rhizome or tap root of several species of Ferula, which is a perennial herb...

हींग பெருங்காயம் കായം/പെരുംകായം ఇంగువ ಇಂಗು হিং Intensely aromatic - related to Truffle and Garlic
Imli Tamarind
Tamarind
Tamarind is a tree in the family Fabaceae. The genus Tamarindus is monotypic .-Origin:...

इमली புளி പുളി/വാളന്‍പുളി చింతపండు ಹುಣಸೆಹಣ್ಣು তেঁতুল tetul, Provides tartness in South Indian curries
Jaiphal Nutmeg
Nutmeg
The nutmeg tree is any of several species of trees in genus Myristica. The most important commercial species is Myristica fragrans, an evergreen tree indigenous to the Banda Islands in the Moluccas of Indonesia...

जैफल ஜாதிக்காய் ജാതിക്ക జాజికాయ ಜಾಕಾಯಿ জয়ফল Whole nuts last forever. Powder, only a month.
Javitri Mace
Nutmeg
The nutmeg tree is any of several species of trees in genus Myristica. The most important commercial species is Myristica fragrans, an evergreen tree indigenous to the Banda Islands in the Moluccas of Indonesia...

जावित्री ஜாதிக்காய் ജാതിപത്രി జాపత్రి ಜಾಪಾತ್ರೆ Mace is outer covering to nutmeg nut. Similar aroma.
Jeera Cumin
Cumin
Cumin is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native from the east Mediterranean to India. Its seeds are used in the cuisines of many different cultures, in both whole and ground form.-Etymology:...

 seed
ज़ीरा சீரகம் ജീരകം జీలకర్ర ಜೀರಿಗೆ জিরা, See Kali Jeera.
Jeera Goli Cumin
Cumin
Cumin is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native from the east Mediterranean to India. Its seeds are used in the cuisines of many different cultures, in both whole and ground form.-Etymology:...

 seed grounded into balls
ज़ीरा गोली 'జీలకర్ర వుండ'
Jethimadh Licorice powder जेठीमध அதிமதுரம் యష్టిమధుక్కం
Kachra Caper
Caper
Capparis spinosa, the caper bush, is a perennial winter-deciduous species that bears rounded, fleshy leaves and large white to pinkish-white flowers. A caper is also the pickled bud of this plant...

s
कचरा, कब्र, करेर கரியல் మరాఠీ మొగ్గు, ముముదాటు, ಮರಾಠಿ ಮೊಗ್ಗು ਕਰਿਆ also known as Kabra, Karer in Hindi
Kadipatta Curry tree
Curry Tree
The curry tree is a tropical to sub-tropical tree in the family Rutaceae, which is native to India...

 or sweet neem
Neem
Azadirachta indica is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. It is one of two species in the genus Azadirachta, and is native to India growing in tropical and semi-tropical regions. Its fruits and seeds are the source of neem oil...

 leaf
करीपत्ता / कढ़ीपत्ता கறிவேப்பிலை കറിവേപ്പില కరివేప ఆకు, ಕಱಿಬೇವೆಲೆ Cannot retain flavor when dried. Only use fresh.
Kaju Cashew
Cashew
The cashew is a tree in the family Anacardiaceae. Its English name derives from the Portuguese name for the fruit of the cashew tree, caju, which in turn derives from the indigenous Tupi name, acajú. It is now widely grown in tropical climates for its cashew nuts and cashew apples.-Etymology:The...

 nut
काजू முந்திரி കശുവണ്ടി/കപ്പലണ്ടി జీడి పప్పు ಗೋಡಂಬಿ কাজুবাদাম,
Kala Namak / Sanchal Black salt काला नमक / संचल ഇന്തുപ്പ് నల్ల ఉప్పు ಕಲ್ಲುಪ್ಪು বিট লবণ Rock salt, but with very sulfury smell.
Kali Elaichi Black cardamom
Black cardamom
Black cardamom, also known as hill cardamom, Bengal cardamom, greater cardamom, Indian cardamom, Nepal cardamom, or winged cardamom, brown cardamom, thảo quả and tsao-ko) comes from either of two species in the family Zingiberaceae...

काली इलाइची കറുപ്പ് ഏലക്ക నల్ల ఏలకులు Earthy, much used in North Indian curries.
Kali Mirchi Black pepper
Black pepper
Black pepper is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. The fruit, known as a peppercorn when dried, is approximately in diameter, dark red when fully mature, and, like all drupes, contains a single seed...

काली मिर्च மிளகு കുരുമുളക് నల్ల మిరియాలు, ಮೆಣಸು গোল মরিচ gol morich, Largest producer is the southern Indian state of Kerala.
Kalonji Nigella
Nigella
Nigella is a genus of about 14 species of annual plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native to southern Europe, north Africa, south and southwest Asia. Common names applied to members of this genus are devil-in-a-bush or love in a mist....

 seed
कलोंजी கருப்பு எள் నల్ల జీలకర్ర, কালো জিরা kalo jira
Kasoori Methi Dried Fenugreek
Fenugreek
Fenugreek is a plant in the family Fabaceae. Fenugreek is used both as a herb and as a spice . The leaves and sprouts are also eaten as vegetables...

 leaf
कसूरी मेथी வெந்தய கீரை ഉലുവ ഇല (ഉണക്കിയത്) మెంతి ఆకులు, menthi aakulu
Katira Goond Gum tragacanth
Tragacanth
Tragacanth is a natural gum obtained from the dried sap of several species of Middle Eastern legumes of the genus Astragalus, including A. adscendens, A. gummifer, A. brachycalyx, and A. tragacanthus. Some of these species are known collectively under the common names "goat's thorn" and "locoweed"...

कटीरा गोंद A thickener and coating for desserts
Kebab Cheeni Allspice
Allspice
Allspice, also called Jamaica pepper, pepper, myrtle pepper, pimenta, or newspice, is a spice that is the dried unripe fruit of Pimenta dioica , a mid-canopy tree native to the Greater Antilles, southern Mexico, and Central America, now cultivated in many warm parts of the world...

कबाब चीनी സര്‍വസുഗന്ധി কাবাব চিনি kabab chini Tastes of Clove + cinnamon + nutmeg + bayleaf
Kesar, mayur Saffron
Saffron
Saffron is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the saffron crocus. Crocus is a genus in the family Iridaceae. Each saffron crocus grows to and bears up to four flowers, each with three vivid crimson stigmas, which are each the distal end of a carpel...

केसर, जाफरान குங்குமப்பூ കുങ്കുമ പുവ് కుంకుమ పువ్వు, জাফরান jafran World's most expensive spice. Flavoring for rice.
Kesar mari mari Saffron
Saffron
Saffron is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the saffron crocus. Crocus is a genus in the family Iridaceae. Each saffron crocus grows to and bears up to four flowers, each with three vivid crimson stigmas, which are each the distal end of a carpel...

 pulp
केसर मिरी मिरी, குங்குமப்பூ కుంకుమ పూల పొడి ಕೇಸರಹೂ Actually, safflower concentrate
Khajur Dates खज़ूर, பேரிச்சை ഈന്തപ്പഴം/ഈത്തപ്പഴം ఖర్జూరం ಈಚಲಹಣ್ಣು খেজুর
Kokum Garcinia indica
Garcinia indica
Garcinia indica, a plant in the mangosteen family , commonly known as kokum, is a fruit-bearing tree that has culinary, pharmaceutical, and industrial uses....

कोकम, பேரீச்சம்பழம்
Khus Khus Poppy seed
Poppy seed
Poppy seed is an oilseed obtained from the opium poppy . The tiny kidney-shaped seeds have been harvested from dried seed pods by various civilizations for thousands of years...

खस-खस கச கசா കസകസ గసగసాలు ಗಸಗಸೆ পোস্ত দানা posto dana,
Kudampuli Garcinia gummi-gutta
Gambooge
Garcinia gummi-gutta is a subtropical species of Garcinia native to Indonesia also commonly known as gambooge,ಕಾಚುಪುಳಿ brindleberry, brindall berry, Malabar tamarind, kodumpuli , or goraka...

कोकम கொறுக்காய்ப்புளி കുടംപുളി Used in fish preparations of Kerala
Lahsun Garlic
Garlic
Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic, is a species in the onion genus, Allium. Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, and rakkyo. Dating back over 6,000 years, garlic is native to central Asia, and has long been a staple in the Mediterranean region, as well as a frequent...

लहसुन வெள்ளை பூண்டு വെളുത്തുള്ളി వెల్లుల్లి పాయ , vellulli paaya, ಬೆಳ್ಳುಳ್ಳಿ রসুন roshun,
Lal Mirchi Red chili pepper
Chili pepper
Chili pepper is the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. The term in British English and in Australia, New Zealand, India, Malaysia and other Asian countries is just chilli without pepper.Chili peppers originated in the Americas...

लाल मिर्च மிளகாய் வத்தல் വറ്റല്‍ മുളക്, ഉണക്ക മുളക് మిరప కాయలు, ಕೆಂಪು ಒಣಮೆಣಸಿನಕಾಯಿ লাল মরিচ lal morich,
Lavang Clove
Clove
Cloves are the aromatic dried flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae. Cloves are native to the Maluku islands in Indonesia and used as a spice in cuisines all over the world...

s
लवंग / लौंग கிராம்பு, லவங்கம் ഗ്രാമ്പു/കരയാമ്പു లవంగం ಲವಂಗ লং/লবঙ্গ lông/lôbonggo, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka are largest producers in India.
Kali Mirch Peppercorns
Black pepper
Black pepper is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. The fruit, known as a peppercorn when dried, is approximately in diameter, dark red when fully mature, and, like all drupes, contains a single seed...

काली मिर्च மிளகு കുരുമുളക് miriyalu, , మిరియాలు ಕಱಿಮೆಣಸು
Methi leaves Fenugreek
Fenugreek
Fenugreek is a plant in the family Fabaceae. Fenugreek is used both as a herb and as a spice . The leaves and sprouts are also eaten as vegetables...

 leaf
मेथी पत्ता வெந்தய கீரை ഉലുവ ഇല మెంతి ఆకులు, ಮೆಂತೆ ಸೊಪ್ಪು মেথি পাতা methi pata,
Methi seeds Fenugreek
Fenugreek
Fenugreek is a plant in the family Fabaceae. Fenugreek is used both as a herb and as a spice . The leaves and sprouts are also eaten as vegetables...

 seed
मेथी दाना வெந்தயம் ഉലുവ మెంతులు, ಮೆನ್ತೆಬಿತ್ತು মেথি methi
Naaga Keshar Cinnamon
Cinnamon
Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several trees from the genus Cinnamomum that is used in both sweet and savoury foods...

 buds
नाग केशर
Namak Salt
Salt
In chemistry, salts are ionic compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are composed of cations and anions so that the product is electrically neutral...

नमक உப்பு ഉപ്പ് ఉప్పు, uppu ಉಪ್ಪು লবণ/নুন lôbon/nun,
Nimbu Lemon
Lemon
The lemon is both a small evergreen tree native to Asia, and the tree's ellipsoidal yellow fruit. The fruit is used for culinary and non-culinary purposes throughout the world – primarily for its juice, though the pulp and rind are also used, mainly in cooking and baking...

 / Lime
Lime (fruit)
Lime is a term referring to a number of different citrus fruits, both species and hybrids, which are typically round, green to yellow in color, 3–6 cm in diameter, and containing sour and acidic pulp. Limes are a good source of vitamin C. Limes are often used to accent the flavors of foods and...

नींबू எலுமிச்சை ചെറുനാരങ്ങ 'నిమ్మ కాయ', ನಿಂಬೆಹಣ್ಣು লেবু , lebu,
Pudina Mint
Mentha
Mentha is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae . The species are not clearly distinct and estimates of the number of species varies from 13 to 18. Hybridization between some of the species occurs naturally...

पुदीना புதினா പുതിന పుదీన ಪುದಿನ পুদিনা
Pyaz / Kanda Onion
Onion
The onion , also known as the bulb onion, common onion and garden onion, is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium. The genus Allium also contains a number of other species variously referred to as onions and cultivated for food, such as the Japanese bunching onion The onion...

प्याज / गांडा பல்லாரி வெங்காயம் സവാള/വലിയ ഉള്ളി ఉల్లి పాయ, ಈರುಳ್ಳಿ/ಉಳ್ಳಾಗಡ್ಡಿ পেঁয়াজ peaj,
Panch Phoron
Panch phoron
Panch phoran , also found transliterated as panch puran,panchphoran,panch phutana, is a spice blend used in Bangladesh and Eastern India, especially in Mithila, Bengali, Assamese and Oriya cuisine...

पञ्च फोरन পাঁচ ফোড়ন pãch foṛon This is a Bengali spice mix that combines aniseed, cumin, fenugreek, mustard and nigella
Pathar Ka Phool Kalpasi
Kalpasi
Kalpasi , common name black stone flower, is a rare flower in the family Gesneriaceae. It is often dried and used as an Indian spice in Chettinad....

पत्थर के फूल கல்பசி కల్లుపచి, दगड फुल Also known as black stone flower
Pippali Long pepper
Long pepper
Long pepper , , sometimes called Indian long pepper, is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. Long pepper has a similar, but hotter, taste to its close relative Piper nigrum - from which black, green and white...

पिप्पलि கண்டந்திப்பிலி പിപ്പലി అనాసపువ్వు ಹಿಪ್ಪಲಿ
Peeli Mirchi Yellow pepper
Bell pepper
Bell pepper, also known as sweet pepper or a pepper and capsicum , is a cultivar group of the species Capsicum annuum . Cultivars of the plant produce fruits in different colors, including red, yellow, orange and green. Bell peppers are sometimes grouped with less pungent pepper varieties as...

पीली मिर्ची മഞ്ഞ കാപ്സികം
Rai Brown mustard seed
Mustard seed
Mustard seeds are the small round seeds of various mustard plants. The seeds are usually about 1 or 2 mm in diameter. Mustard seeds may be colored from yellowish white to black. They are important spices in many regional foods. The seeds can come from three different plants: black mustard , brown...

राई கடுகு കടുക് ఆవాలు, ಸಾಸಿವೆ রাই
Ratin jot Alkanet
Alkanet
Alkanet or dyers' bugloss is a plant in the borage family Boraginaceae with a bright blue flower, used to provide a red dye.A. tinctoria is also known as orchanet, Spanish bugloss or Languedoc bugloss...

 root
रातीं जोट
Safed Mirchi White pepper सफ़ेद मिर्च வெள்ளை மிளகு വെള്ള കുരുമുളക് తెల్ల మిరియాలు, ಬಿಳಿಮೆಣಸು
Saji na phool Citric acid
Citric acid
Citric acid is a weak organic acid. It is a natural preservative/conservative and is also used to add an acidic, or sour, taste to foods and soft drinks...

सजी न फूल
Sarson Mustard seed
Mustard seed
Mustard seeds are the small round seeds of various mustard plants. The seeds are usually about 1 or 2 mm in diameter. Mustard seeds may be colored from yellowish white to black. They are important spices in many regional foods. The seeds can come from three different plants: black mustard , brown...

सरसों, கடுகு കടുക് ఆవాలు, సరసావాలు, ಸಾಸಿವೆ শরষে, shorshe,
Sarson Tel Mustard oil
Mustard oil
The term mustard oil is used for three different oils that are made from mustard seeds:*A fatty vegetable oil resulting from pressing the seeds,...

सरसो तेल கடுகு எண்ணெய் കടുകെണ്ണ ఆవ నూనె ಸಾಸಿವೆಯೆಣ್ಣೆ শরষের তেল shorsher tel
Saunf/Sanchal Fennel
Fennel
Fennel is a plant species in the genus Foeniculum . It is a member of the family Apiaceae . It is a hardy, perennial, umbelliferous herb, with yellow flowers and feathery leaves...

 seed
सौंफ / संचल சோம்பு/பெறுஞ்சீரகம் ജീരകം/പെരുംജീരകം సోంపు ಸೊಂಪು সঁওফ/মৌরি sôof/mouri,
Shahi Jeera Caraway
Caraway
Caraway also known as meridian fennel, or Persian cumin is a biennial plant in the family Apiaceae, native to western Asia, Europe and Northern Africa....

 seeds
शाही जीरा கருஞ்சீரகம் കരിഞ്ജീരകം నల్ల జీలకర్ర, smaller in size than regular
Sirka Vinegar
Vinegar
Vinegar is a liquid substance consisting mainly of acetic acid and water, the acetic acid being produced through the fermentation of ethanol by acetic acid bacteria. Commercial vinegar is produced either by fast or slow fermentation processes. Slow methods generally are used with traditional...

सिरका വിനാഗിരി সির্কা
Soa sag Dill
Dill
Dill is a perennial herb. It is the sole species of the genus Anethum, though classified by some botanists in a related genus as Peucedanum graveolens C.B.Clarke.-Growth:...

सोया साग சதகுப்பி శతపుష్పము, వకతరహా తోటకూర , ചതകുപ്പ, ಸಬ್ಬಸಿಗಿ ಸೊಪ್ಪು, ಸಬ್ಬಸಿಗೆ ಬೀಜ
Sonth Dried ginger
Ginger
Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale, consumed as a delicacy, medicine, or spice. It lends its name to its genus and family . Other notable members of this plant family are turmeric, cardamom, and galangal....

सोंठ சுக்கு ചുക്ക് సొంఠి ಸುಂಟಿ mostly powdered
Suwa or Shopa Aniseed सुव्वा / शोप సోంపు ದೊಡ್ಡ ಸೊಂಪು
Tej Patta Malabathrum
Malabathrum
Malabathrum, also known as Malobathrum or Malabar leaf, is the name used in classical and medieval texts for the leaf of the plant Cinnamomum tamala . In ancient Greece and Rome, the leaves were used to prepare a fragrant oil, called Oleum Malabathri, and were therefore valuable...

, bay leaf
Bay leaf
Bay leaf refers to the aromatic leaf of the bay laurel . Fresh or dried bay leaves are used in cooking for their distinctive flavor and fragrance. The leaves are often used to flavor soups, stews, braises and pâtés in Mediterranean cuisine...

तेज पत्ता பட்டை കറുവാപട്ട ഇല బిర్యానీ ఆకు ಮಸಾಲ ಎಲೆ/ಪುಲಾವ್ ಎಲೆ তেজ পাতা tej pata Both Malabathrum and Bay Leaf are similar and called as Tej Patta in Hindi. however, they are from two different families with difference in taste
Til Sesame seed तिल எள் എള്ള് నువ్వులు ಎಳ್ಳು তিল
Shimla Mirch Capsicum
Capsicum
Capsicum is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family, Solanaceae. Its species are native to the Americas where they have been cultivated for thousands of years, but they are now also cultivated worldwide, used as spices, vegetables, and medicines - and have become are a key element in...

शिमला मिर्च குடை மிளைகாய் കാപ്സികം ದಪ್ಪ ಮೆಣಸಿನಯಕಾಯಿ
Kali Zeera Black cumin
Bunium persicum
Bunium persicum is a plant species in the family Apiaceae. It is related to cumin and commonly called "black cumin", though this term is ambiguous and if anything refers to the unrelated Nigella sativa more often than to B. persicum...

काला जीरा Sweet, floral and smoky cumin and anise-like flavor.
Tulsi Holy basil तुलसी துளசி തുളസി తులసి, తులసి ఆకు ತುಳಸಿ তুলসী
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