List of GM transmissions
Encyclopedia
General Motors was an innovator of automatic transmission
s, introducing the Hydra-Matic in 1940. This list includes all GM transmissions
.
by the 1970s.
was used by all GM divisions, and formed the basis for the company's modern Hydramatic
line. The basic rear-wheel drive Turbo-Hydramatic spawned two front-wheel drive
variants, the transverse
Turbo-Hydramatic 125
, and the longitudinal
Turbo-Hydramatic 425
. A third variant was the light-duty rear wheel drive Turbo-Hydramatic 180
used in many European models.
Heavy-duty rear wheel drive
Medium-duty rear wheel drive
Light-duty rear wheel drive
Transverse front wheel drive
Longitudinal front wheel drive
design. Most early electronic transmissions use the "-E" designator to differentiate them from their non-electronic cousins, but this has been dropped on transmissions with no mechanical version like the new GM 6L80 transmission
.
Today, GM uses a simple naming scheme for their transmissions, with the "Hydra-Matic" name used on most automatics across all divisions.
First-generation longitudinal (Rear Wheel drive)
First-generation transverse (Front Wheel drive)
Second-generation longitudinal (Rear Wheel drive)
Second-generation transverse (Front Wheel drive)
Automatic transmission
An automatic transmission is one type of motor vehicle transmission that can automatically change gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually...
s, introducing the Hydra-Matic in 1940. This list includes all GM transmissions
Transmission (mechanics)
A machine consists of a power source and a power transmission system, which provides controlled application of the power. Merriam-Webster defines transmission as: an assembly of parts including the speed-changing gears and the propeller shaft by which the power is transmitted from an engine to a...
.
Early models
The GM Hydra-Matic was a success and installed in the majority of GM models by 1950. Through the 1950s, all makers were working on their own automatic transmission, with four more developed inside GM alone. All of GM's early automatic transmissions were replaced by variants of the Turbo-HydramaticTurbo-Hydramatic
Turbo-Hydramatic is the registered tradename of a family of automatic transmissions developed and produced by General Motors. These transmissions mate a three-element torque converter to a Simpson planetary geartrain, providing three forward speeds plus reverse.The Turbo-Hydramatic series was...
by the 1970s.
- 1940–1967 Hydra-Matic — OldsmobileOldsmobileOldsmobile was a brand of American automobile produced for most of its existence by General Motors. It was founded by Ransom E. Olds in 1897. In its 107-year history, it produced 35.2 million cars, including at least 14 million built at its Lansing, Michigan factory...
(now the trade name for all GM automatic transmissions) - 1948–1964 DynaflowDynaflowDynaflow was the trademark name for a type of automatic transmission developed and built by General Motors' Buick Motor Division from the late 1940s to the mid 1963...
— BuickBuickBuick is a premium brand of General Motors . Buick models are sold in the United States, Canada, Mexico, China, Taiwan, and Israel, with China being its largest market. Buick holds the distinction as the oldest active American make... - 1950–1973 PowerglidePowerglideThe Powerglide is a two-speed automatic transmission designed by General Motors. It was available primarily on Chevrolet from January, 1950 through 1973, although some Pontiac models also used this automatic transmission, extensively on models produced for the Canadian market with Chevrolet...
— ChevroletChevroletChevrolet , also known as Chevy , is a brand of vehicle produced by General Motors Company . Founded by Louis Chevrolet and ousted GM founder William C. Durant on November 3, 1911, General Motors acquired Chevrolet in 1918...
(also used by PontiacPontiacPontiac was an automobile brand that was established in 1926 as a companion make for General Motors' Oakland. Quickly overtaking its parent in popularity, it supplanted the Oakland brand entirely by 1933 and, for most of its life, became a companion make for Chevrolet. Pontiac was sold in the...
) - 1957–1961 TurboglideTurboglideThe Turboglide is a Chevrolet constant torque automatic transmission that made its debut as an optional transmission on Chevrolet V8 passenger cars for 1957. It consisted of a concurrently geared planetary gearbox with a 'switch pitch' dual pitch torque converter stator...
— ChevroletChevroletChevrolet , also known as Chevy , is a brand of vehicle produced by General Motors Company . Founded by Louis Chevrolet and ousted GM founder William C. Durant on November 3, 1911, General Motors acquired Chevrolet in 1918...
(V8 models only, except CorvetteChevrolet CorvetteThe Chevrolet Corvette is a sports car by the Chevrolet division of General Motors that has been produced in six generations. The first model, a convertible, was designed by Harley Earl and introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car. Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after...
) - 1958–1959 Flightpitch — BuickBuickBuick is a premium brand of General Motors . Buick models are sold in the United States, Canada, Mexico, China, Taiwan, and Israel, with China being its largest market. Buick holds the distinction as the oldest active American make...
- 1961–1963 Dual Path Turbine Drive — BuickBuickBuick is a premium brand of General Motors . Buick models are sold in the United States, Canada, Mexico, China, Taiwan, and Israel, with China being its largest market. Buick holds the distinction as the oldest active American make...
- 1961–1964 Roto HydramaticRoto HydramaticRoto Hydramatic was an automatic transmission built by General Motors and used on Buick and on some Oldsmobile and Pontiac models from 1961-1964...
— OldsmobileOldsmobileOldsmobile was a brand of American automobile produced for most of its existence by General Motors. It was founded by Ransom E. Olds in 1897. In its 107-year history, it produced 35.2 million cars, including at least 14 million built at its Lansing, Michigan factory...
/PontiacPontiacPontiac was an automobile brand that was established in 1926 as a companion make for General Motors' Oakland. Quickly overtaking its parent in popularity, it supplanted the Oakland brand entirely by 1933 and, for most of its life, became a companion make for Chevrolet. Pontiac was sold in the... - 1964–1969 Super Turbine 300Super Turbine 300The Super Turbine 300 was a two-speed automatic transmission built by General Motors. It was used in various Buick, Oldsmobile, and Pontiac models from 1964-1969...
— BuickBuickBuick is a premium brand of General Motors . Buick models are sold in the United States, Canada, Mexico, China, Taiwan, and Israel, with China being its largest market. Buick holds the distinction as the oldest active American make...
/OldsmobileOldsmobileOldsmobile was a brand of American automobile produced for most of its existence by General Motors. It was founded by Ransom E. Olds in 1897. In its 107-year history, it produced 35.2 million cars, including at least 14 million built at its Lansing, Michigan factory...
/PontiacPontiacPontiac was an automobile brand that was established in 1926 as a companion make for General Motors' Oakland. Quickly overtaking its parent in popularity, it supplanted the Oakland brand entirely by 1933 and, for most of its life, became a companion make for Chevrolet. Pontiac was sold in the...
(Oldsmobile Jetaway) - 1968–1969 Torquedrive — ChevroletChevroletChevrolet , also known as Chevy , is a brand of vehicle produced by General Motors Company . Founded by Louis Chevrolet and ousted GM founder William C. Durant on November 3, 1911, General Motors acquired Chevrolet in 1918...
(manually shifted automatic, 6 cyl only)
Turbo-Hydramatic
The Turbo-HydramaticTurbo-Hydramatic
Turbo-Hydramatic is the registered tradename of a family of automatic transmissions developed and produced by General Motors. These transmissions mate a three-element torque converter to a Simpson planetary geartrain, providing three forward speeds plus reverse.The Turbo-Hydramatic series was...
was used by all GM divisions, and formed the basis for the company's modern Hydramatic
Hydramatic
Hydramatic was an automatic transmission developed by both General Motors' Cadillac and Oldsmobile divisions. Introduced in 1939 for the 1940 model year vehicles, the Hydramatic was the first fully automatic mass-produced transmission developed for passenger automobile use.-History:During the...
line. The basic rear-wheel drive Turbo-Hydramatic spawned two front-wheel drive
Front-wheel drive
Front-wheel drive is a form of engine/transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel drive and...
variants, the transverse
Transverse engine
A transverse engine is an engine mounted in a vehicle so that the engine's crankshaft axis is perpendicular to the long axis of the vehicle. Many modern front wheel drive vehicles use this engine mounting configuration...
Turbo-Hydramatic 125
Turbo-Hydramatic 125
The Turbo-Hydramatic 125 was the first in a line of automatic transmissions from General Motors designed for transverse engine application. Introduced in 1980, the line evolved into today's 4T40/45/65/80 line.-Turbo-Hydramatic 125:...
, and the longitudinal
Longitudinal engine
In automotive engineering, a longitudinal engine is an internal combustion engine in which the crankshaft is oriented along the long axis of the vehicle, front to back....
Turbo-Hydramatic 425
Turbo-Hydramatic 425
Turbo-Hydramatic 425 was an automatic transmission developed and produced by General Motors . The THM425 was a derivative of the THM400; most parts directly interchange and some others will interchange with minor modifications...
. A third variant was the light-duty rear wheel drive Turbo-Hydramatic 180
Turbo-Hydramatic 180
Turbo-Hydramatic 180 was an automatic transmission developed and produced by General Motors. It was a light-duty derivative of the Turbo-Hydramatic and was manufactured and used in Europe and Asia in a variety of longitudinal engine vehicles...
used in many European models.
Heavy-duty rear wheel drive
- 1971–19?? 3L80HD (heavy duty version of TH400)
Medium-duty rear wheel drive
- 1964–1992 Super Turbine 400/TH400/3L80
- 1969–1986 TH350/TH350C/TH375B/TH250/TH250C
- 1972–1976 TH375 — Light duty version of TH400
- 1976–1987 TH200/TH200C
- 1981–1990 TH200-4R
- 1982–1993 TH700R4/4L60
Light-duty rear wheel drive
- 1969–1998 TH180/TH180CTurbo-Hydramatic 180Turbo-Hydramatic 180 was an automatic transmission developed and produced by General Motors. It was a light-duty derivative of the Turbo-Hydramatic and was manufactured and used in Europe and Asia in a variety of longitudinal engine vehicles...
/3L30 — 3-speed European/Asian model
Transverse front wheel drive
- 1980–1996 TH125/TH125CTurbo-Hydramatic 125The Turbo-Hydramatic 125 was the first in a line of automatic transmissions from General Motors designed for transverse engine application. Introduced in 1980, the line evolved into today's 4T40/45/65/80 line.-Turbo-Hydramatic 125:...
/3T40 — 3-speed light-duty - 1984–1994 TH440-T4/4T60 — 4-speed medium-duty
Longitudinal front wheel drive
- 1966–1978 TH425Turbo-Hydramatic 425Turbo-Hydramatic 425 was an automatic transmission developed and produced by General Motors . The THM425 was a derivative of the THM400; most parts directly interchange and some others will interchange with minor modifications...
— 3-speed - 1979–1981 TH325Turbo-Hydramatic 425Turbo-Hydramatic 425 was an automatic transmission developed and produced by General Motors . The THM425 was a derivative of the THM400; most parts directly interchange and some others will interchange with minor modifications...
— 3-speed - 1982–1985 TH325-4L — 4-speed
Electronic Hydra-Matics
The next-generation transmissions, introduced in the early 1990s, were the electronic Hydra-Matics based on the Turbo-HydramaticTurbo-Hydramatic
Turbo-Hydramatic is the registered tradename of a family of automatic transmissions developed and produced by General Motors. These transmissions mate a three-element torque converter to a Simpson planetary geartrain, providing three forward speeds plus reverse.The Turbo-Hydramatic series was...
design. Most early electronic transmissions use the "-E" designator to differentiate them from their non-electronic cousins, but this has been dropped on transmissions with no mechanical version like the new GM 6L80 transmission
GM 6L80 transmission
The 6L80 is a 6-speed automatic transmission built by General Motors at their Willow Run Transmission plant, in Ypsilanti, MI. It was introduced in late 2005, and is very similar in design to the smaller 6L45/6L50, produced at GM Powertrain in Strasbourg, France...
.
Today, GM uses a simple naming scheme for their transmissions, with the "Hydra-Matic" name used on most automatics across all divisions.
| 3/4/5/6 | L/T | ## | -E |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of forward gears | L=Longitudinal T=Transverse |
GVWR Gross vehicle weight rating A gross vehicle weight rating is the maximum allowable total weight of a road vehicle or trailer when loaded - i.e., including the weight of the vehicle itself plus passengers, and cargo.... rating |
"E" for Electronic "HD" for Heavy Duty |
First-generation longitudinal (Rear Wheel drive)
- 1991–2001 4L30-EGM 4L30-E transmissionThe 4L30-E was an automatic transmission developed and produced by General Motors. It was developed for light-duty use in longitudinal engine rear-wheel drive vehicles, replacing the similar TH180/3L30. The 4L30-E was used in many European and Japanese vehicles, including the BMW 3- and 5 Series,...
— 4-speed light-duty (used in BMW, Cadillac, Isuzu, and Opel cars) - 1992– 4L60-EGM 4L60-E transmissionThe 4L60-E is a series of automatic transmissions from General Motors. Designed for longitudinal engine configurations, the series includes 4 forward gears...
/4L65-E — 4-speed medium-duty (used in GM trucks and rear-wheel-drive cars) - 1991– 4L80-EGM 4L80-E transmissionThe 4L80-E is a series of automatic transmissions from General Motors. Designed for longitudinal engine configurations, the series includes 4 forward gears. It is an evolution of the Turbo-Hydramatic 400, first produced in October, 1963...
/4L85-E — 4-speed heavy-duty (used in GM trucks)
First-generation transverse (Front Wheel drive)
- 1995– 4T40-E/4T45-E — 4-speed light-duty (used in smaller front wheel drive GM vehicles)
- 1991– 4T60-EGM 4T60-E transmissionThe 4T60-E is a series of automatic transmissions from General Motors. Designed for transverse engine configurations, the series includes 4 forward gears...
/4T65-E/4T65E-HD — 4-speed medium-duty (used in larger front wheel drive GM vehicles) - 1993– 4T80-E — 4-speed heavy-duty (used in large front wheel drive GM vehicles, only with CadillacCadillacCadillac is an American luxury vehicle marque owned by General Motors . Cadillac vehicles are sold in over 50 countries and territories, but mostly in North America. Cadillac is currently the second oldest American automobile manufacturer behind fellow GM marque Buick and is among the oldest...
NorthStar V8.
Second-generation longitudinal (Rear Wheel drive)
- 2000– 5L40-EGM 5L40-E transmissionThe 5L40-E are a series of automatic transmissions from General Motors. Designed for longitudinal engine configurations, the series includes 5 forward gears and is used in the GM Sigma platform vehicles from Cadillac, as well as the Pontiac Solstice and Holden Commodore.The electronically...
/5L50 — 5-speed medium-duty (used in CadillacCadillacCadillac is an American luxury vehicle marque owned by General Motors . Cadillac vehicles are sold in over 50 countries and territories, but mostly in North America. Cadillac is currently the second oldest American automobile manufacturer behind fellow GM marque Buick and is among the oldest...
's SigmaGM Sigma platformSigma is General Motors' mid-size rear-wheel drive automobile platform. The architecture debuted in 2002 with the 2003 Cadillac CTS and is adaptable for all-wheel drive and extended wheelbase versions...
vehicles) - 2007– 6L45/6L50GM 6L50 transmissionThe 6L50 is a 6-speed longitudinally-mounted automatic transmission produced by General Motors. It is very similar in design to the larger 6L80/6L90, and is produced at the GM Powertrain plant in Strasbourg, France. It features clutch to clutch shifting, eliminating the bands used on older...
— 6-speed medium-duty (used in GM Sigma platformGM Sigma platformSigma is General Motors' mid-size rear-wheel drive automobile platform. The architecture debuted in 2002 with the 2003 Cadillac CTS and is adaptable for all-wheel drive and extended wheelbase versions...
cars) - 2006– 6L80GM 6L80 transmissionThe 6L80 is a 6-speed automatic transmission built by General Motors at their Willow Run Transmission plant, in Ypsilanti, MI. It was introduced in late 2005, and is very similar in design to the smaller 6L45/6L50, produced at GM Powertrain in Strasbourg, France...
/6L90GM 6L80 transmissionThe 6L80 is a 6-speed automatic transmission built by General Motors at their Willow Run Transmission plant, in Ypsilanti, MI. It was introduced in late 2005, and is very similar in design to the smaller 6L45/6L50, produced at GM Powertrain in Strasbourg, France...
— 6-speed heavy-duty (used in GM trucks and performance cars)
Second-generation transverse (Front Wheel drive)
- 2008– 6T30/6T40/6T45GM 6T40 transmissionThe Hydra-Matic 6T40 and similar 6T45 and 6T30 are transversely-mounted six speed automatic transmissions produced by General Motors. The 6T40 made its debut in the 2008 Chevrolet Malibu, available with the 2.4 litre LE5 Ecotec engine making , and has since also be made available on the...
— 6-speed light-duty - 2006– 6T70/6T75 — 6-speed medium-duty
Other automatics
- Aisin AF33Aisin AF33 transmissionThe Aisin AF33 is a 5-speed automatic transaxle. It is designed to be used in transverse engine configurations and can handle up to 243 ft·lbf of torque. It is built in Anjo, Japan....
— 5-speed transverse automatic made by Aisin AW Co., Ltd. - Allison 1000 SeriesAllison 1000 transmissionThe 1000 series is a line of automatic transmissions for on-road trucks. All are 5 or 6-speed electronically controlled units and are manufactured by General Motors' Allison Transmission division in Indianapolis, Indiana as well as in Baltimore, Maryland.-Allison 1000:The Allison 1000 is rated to...
— 6-speed longitudinal automatic made by Allison TransmissionAllison TransmissionAllison Transmission is an American manufacturer of commercial duty automatic transmissions and hybrid propulsion systems. Allison products are specified by over 250 of the world’s leading vehicle manufacturers and are used in many market sectors including bus, refuse, fire, construction,... - Saturn MP6/MP7 — 4-speed automatic developed by Saturn for use in the S-series from 1991-2002
- VTi transmissionVTi transmissionThe VTi is a continuously variable transmission for automobiles. It is fully automatic, electronically controlled, and designed for transverse front-wheel drive use. The VTi is assembled at a General Motors/Fiat joint venture plant in Szentgotthard, Hungary....
— continuously variable transmissionContinuously variable transmissionA continuously variable transmission is a transmission that can change steplessly through an infinite number of effective gear ratios between maximum and minimum values. This contrasts with other mechanical transmissions that offer a fixed number of gear ratios...
Manual transmissions
- Aisin AR5/MA5 — 5-speed longitudinal manual made by Aisin
- Aisin AY6 — 6-speed longitudinal manual made by Aisin
- FDF Germany F35 — 5-speed transverse manual made by FDF Germany
- FGP Germany F40 — 6-speed transverse manual made by FGP Germany
- Getrag 282GETRAG 282 TransmissionThe Getrag 282 transmission was a 5-speed manual transaxle designed by Getrag for Chevrolet. It is sometimes referred to as the Muncie 282 or the Muncie Getrag 282, as the transmission was manufactured by the Muncie, Indiana manual transmission plant...
— 5-speed transverse manual designed by Getrag and manufactured by Muncie GetragGetragGetrag is a leading manufacturer of automobile manual transmissions. The company was founded on 1 May 1935, in Ludwigsburg, Germany, by Hermann Hagenmeyer; as the Getriebe und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer GmbH & Cie KG... - Getrag 284 — 5-speed transverse manual designed by Getrag and manufactured by Muncie GetragGetragGetrag is a leading manufacturer of automobile manual transmissions. The company was founded on 1 May 1935, in Ludwigsburg, Germany, by Hermann Hagenmeyer; as the Getriebe und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer GmbH & Cie KG...
- Getrag F23Getrag F23 transmissionThe F23 is a five-speed manual transmission manufactured by Getrag in Italy. It is designed for transverse engine applications, primarily by General Motors. It can handle torque inputs of up to .In the U.S...
— 5-speed transverse manual made by GetragGetragGetrag is a leading manufacturer of automobile manual transmissions. The company was founded on 1 May 1935, in Ludwigsburg, Germany, by Hermann Hagenmeyer; as the Getriebe und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer GmbH & Cie KG... - Getrag 260Getrag 260 transmissionThe Getrag 260 was a 5-speed manual transmission incorporated in BMW, General Motors, Holden and Cadillac vehicles between 1984 and 2005.- Gear ratios with various engines :-Applications:* 1984-1991 BMW E30* 1988-1995 BMW E34...
— 5-speed longitudinal manual made by GetragGetragGetrag is a leading manufacturer of automobile manual transmissions. The company was founded on 1 May 1935, in Ludwigsburg, Germany, by Hermann Hagenmeyer; as the Getriebe und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer GmbH & Cie KG... - Muncie M20 — 4-speed longitudinal wide ratio manual transmission made by Muncie
- Muncie M21/M22 — 4-speed longitudinal close ratio manual transmission made by Muncie
- Muncie M62/M64 - 3-speed longitudinal transmission made by Muncie
- New Venture Gear NV1500- 5-speed longitudinal manual made by New Venture GearNew Venture GearNew Venture Gear, a division of Magna Powertrain, is a automobile transmission company. It was founded in 1888 under the name "New Process Gear" then in 1934 it was purchased by Walter Chrysler. In 1999 New Process Gear was renamed "New Venture Gear" when it became a joint venture between General...
- New Venture Gear 3500New Venture Gear 3500 transmissionThe New Venture Gear 3500, commonly called NV3500, is a medium duty 5-speed overdrive manual transmission manufactured by New Venture Gear used by GM and Dodge in compact and full-size light trucks....
/4500New Venture Gear 4500 transmissionThe New Venture Gear 4500, commonly called NV4500, is a 5-speed manual transmission manufactured by New Venture Gear and used in General Motors and Chrysler products from 1992–2007....
— 5-speed longitudinal manual made by New Venture GearNew Venture GearNew Venture Gear, a division of Magna Powertrain, is a automobile transmission company. It was founded in 1888 under the name "New Process Gear" then in 1934 it was purchased by Walter Chrysler. In 1999 New Process Gear was renamed "New Venture Gear" when it became a joint venture between General... - Saturn MP2/MP3Saturn MP2/3 TransmissionThe Saturn MP2 and MP3 are variants of a 5-speed manual transmission that was manufactured by Saturn Corporation in Spring Hill, Tennessee. It is designed for transverse engine applications and was deployed in vehicles that outputted up to 122 ft·lbf of engine torque, however aside from the...
— 5-speed manual developed by Saturn for use in the S-Series from 1991-2002 - Tremec T-56 — 6-speed longitudinal manual overdrive made by Tremec
- Tremec TR-6060Tremec TR-6060 transmissionThe Tremec TR-6060 six-speed manual transmission features six forward speeds and one reverse speed. It is derived from the Tremec T-56 6-speed manual transmission. As per usual, the forward helical cut gears are synchronized however, the reverse gear operates through a fully synchronized...
— 6-speed longitudinal manual overdrive made by Tremec - ZF S6-650ZF S6-650 transmissionThe ZF S6-650 is a 6-speed manual transmission manufactured by ZF Friedrichshafen AG. It is designed for longitudinal engine applications, and is rated to handle up to of torque.General Motors used the S6 as RPO ML6.Gear ratios:-Applications:...
— 6-speed longitudinal manual made by ZF FriedrichshafenZF FriedrichshafenZF Friedrichshafen AG, also known as ZF Group, and commonly abbreviated to ZF, is a German public company headquartered in Friedrichshafen, in the south-west German region of Baden-Württemberg.... - SM465Muncie SM465 transmissionThe SM465 is heavy-duty truck transmission is used in light duty and heavy duty trucks. The SM465 was made by General Motors from 1968 to 1991. The SM465 can be found in Chevrolet and GMC full-size trucks, Blazers, Suburbans among other models...
- 4 speed used in 80's and 90's Chevy 3/4 ton trucks