All Topics  
Lipolysis

 

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Lipolysis
 
 
  Topics Lipolysis Topic Home

Lipolysis is the breakdown of fat stored in fat cells. During this process, free fatty acids are released into the bloodstream and circulate throughout the body. Ketone
Ketone

In organic chemistry, a ketone is a type of organic compound which contains a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms in the form:Neither of the substituents R1 and R2 may be equal to hydrogen ....
s are produced, and are found in large quantities in ketosis
Ketosis

Ketosis is a state characterised by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood, occurring when the liver converts triacylglycerol into fatty acids and ketone bodies ....
 (a state in metabolism occurring when the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies which can be used by the body for energy). Lipolysis testing strips such as Ketostix are used to recognize ketosis.

The following hormones induce lipolysis: epinephrine
Epinephrine

Epinephrine is a hormone and neurotransmitter.Epinephrine increases the "fight or flight" response of the Sympathetic nervous system of the autonomic nervous system....
, norepinephrine
Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine or noradrenaline is a catecholamine with dual roles as a hormone and a neurotransmitter.As a stress hormone, norepinephrine affects parts of the brain where attention and responding actions are controlled....
, glucagon
Glucagon

Glucagon is an important hormone involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Produced by the pancreas, it is released when the glucose level in the blood is low , causing the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream....
 and adrenocorticotropic hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Adrenocorticotropic hormone is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It is an important component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and is often produced in response to biological stress ....
.






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Lipolysis'
Start a new discussion about 'Lipolysis'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


Lipolysis is the breakdown of fat stored in fat cells. During this process, free fatty acids are released into the bloodstream and circulate throughout the body. Ketone
Ketone

In organic chemistry, a ketone is a type of organic compound which contains a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms in the form:Neither of the substituents R1 and R2 may be equal to hydrogen ....
s are produced, and are found in large quantities in ketosis
Ketosis

Ketosis is a state characterised by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood, occurring when the liver converts triacylglycerol into fatty acids and ketone bodies ....
 (a state in metabolism occurring when the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies which can be used by the body for energy). Lipolysis testing strips such as Ketostix are used to recognize ketosis.

The following hormones induce lipolysis: epinephrine
Epinephrine

Epinephrine is a hormone and neurotransmitter.Epinephrine increases the "fight or flight" response of the Sympathetic nervous system of the autonomic nervous system....
, norepinephrine
Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine or noradrenaline is a catecholamine with dual roles as a hormone and a neurotransmitter.As a stress hormone, norepinephrine affects parts of the brain where attention and responding actions are controlled....
, glucagon
Glucagon

Glucagon is an important hormone involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Produced by the pancreas, it is released when the glucose level in the blood is low , causing the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream....
 and adrenocorticotropic hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Adrenocorticotropic hormone is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It is an important component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and is often produced in response to biological stress ....
. These trigger 7TM receptors (G protein-coupled receptors), which activate adenylate cyclase
Adenylate cyclase

Adenylate cyclase is a lyase enzyme....
. This results in increased production of cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a second messenger that is important in many biological processes. cAMP is derived from adenosine triphosphate and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms....
, which activates protein kinase A
CAMP-dependent protein kinase

In cell biology, protein kinase A refers to a family of enzymes whose activity is dependent on the level of cyclic AMP in the cell. PKA is also known as cAMP-dependent protein kinase )....
, which subsequently activate lipase
Lipase

A lipase is a water-soluble enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester chemical bond in water?insoluble, lipid substrates. Lipases thus comprise a subclass of the esterases....
s found in adipose tissue
Adipose tissue

In histology, adipose tissue or fat is loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes. Adipose tissue is derived from lipoblasts. Its main role is to store energy in the form of fat, although it also cushions and Thermal insulation the body....
.

Triglycerides undergo lipolysis (hydrolysis
Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction during which one or more water are split into hydrogen and hydroxide ions which may go on to participate in further reactions....
 by lipase
Lipase

A lipase is a water-soluble enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester chemical bond in water?insoluble, lipid substrates. Lipases thus comprise a subclass of the esterases....
s) and are broken down into glycerol
Glycerol

Glycerol is a chemical compound also commonly called glycerin or glycerine. It is a colorless, odorless, Viscosity liquid that is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations....
 and fatty acids. Once released into the blood, the relatively hydrophobic free fatty acids bind to serum albumin
Serum albumin

Serum albumin, often referred to simply as albumin, is the most abundant plasma protein in humans and other mammals. Albumin is essential for maintaining the osmotic pressure needed for proper distribution of body fluids between intravascular compartments and body tissues....
 for transport to tissues that require energy. The glycerol also enters the bloodstream and is absorbed by the liver
Liver

The liver is a vital organ present in vertebrates and some other animals; it has a wide range of functions, a few of which are detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of biochemicals necessary for digestion....
 or kidney
Kidney

The kidneys are Organ that have numerous biological roles. Their primary role is to maintain the homeostasis balance of bodily fluids by filtering and secreting Metabolomics#Metabolitess and minerals from the blood and excreting them, along with water , as urine....
 where it is converted to glycerol 3-phosphate
Glycerol 3-phosphate

Glycerol 3-phosphate should not be confused with the similarly named glycerate 3-phosphate or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate....
 by the enzyme glycerol kinase
Glycerol kinase

Glycerol kinase is a phosphotransferase enzyme involved in lipolysis.Glycerol kinase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate from adenosine triphosphate to glycerol thus forming glycerol phosphate....
. Hepatic glycerol 3-phosphate is mostly converted into dihydroxyacetonephosphate
Dihydroxyacetonephosphate

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is a biochemical compound involved in many reactions, from the Calvin cycle in plants to the ether-lipid biosynthesis process in Leishmania mexicana....
 (DHAP) and then glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, also known as triose phosphate or 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde and abbreviated as G3P, GADP, GAP, TP, GALP or PGAL, is a chemical compound that occurs as an intermediate in several central metabolic pathways of all organisms....
 (G3P) to rejoin the glycolysis
Glycolysis

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose, C6H12O6, into pyruvate, C3H5O3-....
 and gluconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis

Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates such as lactic acid, glycerol, and glucogenic amino acids....
 pathway.

External links