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A Liberty was a local government unit in England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
. Originating in the Middle Ages
Middle Ages

File:Karl 1 mit papst gelasius gregor1 sacramentar v karl d kahlen.jpgThe Middle Ages of European history are a period in history which lasted for roughly a millennium, commonly dated from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century to the beginning of the Early Modern Period in the 16th century, marked by the division of Western Christi...
, liberties were areas of widely variable extent which were independent of the usual system of hundreds and borough
Borough

A borough is an administrative division of various countries. In principle, the term borough designates a self-governing township although, in practice, official use of the term varies widely....
s for a number of different reasons, usually to do with peculiarities of tenure
Land tenure

Land tenure is the name given, particularly in common law systems, to the legal regime in which land is owned by an individual, who is said to "hold" the land....
. Because of their tenurial rather than geographical origin, the areas covered by liberties could either be widely scattered across a county
County

A county is a land area of Local government government within a larger state. A county may have city and towns within its area....
 or limited to an area smaller than a single parish
Parish

A parish is a local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in Roman Catholic, Anglican, United Methodist, and Presbyterianism churches....
: an example of the former is Fordington Liberty
Fordington (liberty)

Fordington Liberty was a liberty in the county of Dorset, England, containing the following parishes:* Fordington* Hermitage, Dorset* Minterne Magna ...
, and of the latter, the Liberty of Waybayouse
Waybayouse Liberty

Waybayouse Liberty or Wabyhouse Liberty was a Liberty in the county of Dorset, England, containing part of the parish of Upwey, Dorset....
, both in Dorset
Dorset

Dorset , is a Counties of England in South West England on the English Channel coast. The county town is Dorchester, Dorset, situated in the south of the county at ....
.

Legislation passed in 1836 ended the temporal jurisdiction of the Archbishop of York
Archbishop of York

File:Williamtemple1.jpgArchbishop of York is a high-ranking cleric in the Church of England, second only to the Archbishop of Canterbury. He is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of York and metropolitan bishop of the Province of York, which covers the northern portion of England as well as the Isle of Man....
 and the Bishop of Ely
Bishop of Ely

The Bishop of Ely is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Ely in the Province of Canterbury.The diocese roughly covers the county of Cambridgeshire , together with a section of north-west Norfolk and has its Episcopal see in the Ely, Cambridgeshire, where the seat is located at the Ely Cathedral....
 in several liberties, and an act of 1850 permitted the merging of liberties in their counties.






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A Liberty was a local government unit in England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
. Originating in the Middle Ages
Middle Ages

File:Karl 1 mit papst gelasius gregor1 sacramentar v karl d kahlen.jpgThe Middle Ages of European history are a period in history which lasted for roughly a millennium, commonly dated from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century to the beginning of the Early Modern Period in the 16th century, marked by the division of Western Christi...
, liberties were areas of widely variable extent which were independent of the usual system of hundreds and borough
Borough

A borough is an administrative division of various countries. In principle, the term borough designates a self-governing township although, in practice, official use of the term varies widely....
s for a number of different reasons, usually to do with peculiarities of tenure
Land tenure

Land tenure is the name given, particularly in common law systems, to the legal regime in which land is owned by an individual, who is said to "hold" the land....
. Because of their tenurial rather than geographical origin, the areas covered by liberties could either be widely scattered across a county
County

A county is a land area of Local government government within a larger state. A county may have city and towns within its area....
 or limited to an area smaller than a single parish
Parish

A parish is a local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in Roman Catholic, Anglican, United Methodist, and Presbyterianism churches....
: an example of the former is Fordington Liberty
Fordington (liberty)

Fordington Liberty was a liberty in the county of Dorset, England, containing the following parishes:* Fordington* Hermitage, Dorset* Minterne Magna ...
, and of the latter, the Liberty of Waybayouse
Waybayouse Liberty

Waybayouse Liberty or Wabyhouse Liberty was a Liberty in the county of Dorset, England, containing part of the parish of Upwey, Dorset....
, both in Dorset
Dorset

Dorset , is a Counties of England in South West England on the English Channel coast. The county town is Dorchester, Dorset, situated in the south of the county at ....
.

Legislation passed in 1836 ended the temporal jurisdiction of the Archbishop of York
Archbishop of York

File:Williamtemple1.jpgArchbishop of York is a high-ranking cleric in the Church of England, second only to the Archbishop of Canterbury. He is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of York and metropolitan bishop of the Province of York, which covers the northern portion of England as well as the Isle of Man....
 and the Bishop of Ely
Bishop of Ely

The Bishop of Ely is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Ely in the Province of Canterbury.The diocese roughly covers the county of Cambridgeshire , together with a section of north-west Norfolk and has its Episcopal see in the Ely, Cambridgeshire, where the seat is located at the Ely Cathedral....
 in several liberties, and an act of 1850 permitted the merging of liberties in their counties. By 1867 only a handful remained: Ely, Havering-atte-Bower, St Albans, Peterborough, Ripon and Haverfordwest. St Albans was subsequently joined to the county of Hertfordshire
Hertfordshire

Hertfordshire is a Ceremonial counties of England and Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England Counties of England in the East of England region of England....
 in 1875.

The Local Government Act 1888
Local Government Act 1888

The Local Government Act 1888 was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which established county councils and county borough councils in England and Wales....
 led to the ending of the special jurisdictions: the Isle of Ely
Isle of Ely

The Isle of Ely is a historic region around the city of Ely now in Cambridgeshire, England but previously a county in its own right....
 and Soke of Peterborough
Soke of Peterborough

The Soke of Peterborough is an historic area of England that is traditionally associated with the Peterborough and Anglican Diocese of Peterborough, but considered part of Northamptonshire....
 became administrative counties
Administrative county

An administrative county was an administrative division in England and Wales and Ireland used for the purposes of local government. They are now abolished, although in Northern Ireland their former areas are used as the basis for lieutenancy....
, while the three remaining liberties were united to their surrounding counties.

See also

  • Allertonshire
    Allertonshire

    Allertonshire was a wapentake and liberty in the North Riding of Yorkshire of Yorkshire, England.It was named after Northallerton, the county town of the North Riding, and was historically associated with the Bishop of Durham, being an ecclesiastical peculiar until the 19th century....
  • Alverstoke
    Alverstoke

    Alverstoke is a village, now within the boundaries of Gosport, Hampshire, England, that encompasses land stretching from Haslar to Stokes Bay. The village lies within half a mile of the shore of Stokes Bay and near the head of a creek which extends a mile westward from Portsmouth Harbour....
     Liberty
  • Beaulieu
    Beaulieu

    Beaulieu may refer to:...
     Liberty
  • Bentley Liberty
  • Bircholt Franchise and Barony
  • Bolingbroke Soke
  • Breamore Liberty
  • Precinct of Bridewell
  • Bridgnorth
    Bridgnorth

    Bridgnorth is a town in Shropshire, England, along the Severn Valley . It is split into Low Town and High Town, named on account of their elevations relative to the River Severn, which separates the upper town on the right bank from the lower on the left....
     Liberty
  • Liberty of the Clink
    Liberty of the Clink

    The Liberty of the Clink was an area in Southwark, on the south bank of the River Thames, opposite the City of London. Although situated in Surrey the liberty was exempt from the jurisdiction of the High Sheriff of Surrey and was under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Winchester....
  • Dibden Liberty
  • Doncaster
    Doncaster

    Doncaster is a large town in South Yorkshire, England, and the principal settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster. The town is located about from Sheffield and is popularly referred to as "Donny"....
     Soke
  • List of liberties in Dorset
    List of liberties in Dorset

    Liberty were an administrative unit of local government in England from the Middle Ages to the 19th century, co-existing with the then operative system of hundred and boroughs but independent of both, generally for reasons of tenure....
  • East Medina Liberty
  • East Smithfield Liberty
  • Ely Place Liberty
  • Ely Rents Liberty
  • Liberty of Glasshouse Yard
  • Grantham
    Grantham

    Grantham is a market town within the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It stands athwart the East Coast Main Line railway , the historic A1 main north-south road, and the River Witham, 24 miles south-southwest of the city of Lincoln, Lincolnshire....
     Soke
  • Havant
    Havant

    Havant is a town in south east Hampshire on the South coast of England, between Portsmouth and Chichester. It gives its name to the Havant comprising the town and the surrounding area....
     Liberty
  • Hatton Garden Liberty
  • Haverfordwest
    Haverfordwest

    Haverfordwest is the county town of Pembrokeshire, in South West Wales Wales. It is also the second largest town in Pembrokeshire, after Milford Haven....
  • Horncastle
    Horncastle

    Horncastle is a market town of some 6,090 residents in the East Lindsey Districts of England of Lincolnshire, England. It lies to the south of the Lincolnshire Wolds, where the River Bain meets the River Waring, and north of the West and Wildmore The Fens....
     Soke
  • Isle of Ely
    Isle of Ely

    The Isle of Ely is a historic region around the city of Ely now in Cambridgeshire, England but previously a county in its own right....
  • Royal Liberty of Havering
    Royal Liberty of Havering

    The Royal Liberty of Havering was an ancient Manorialism and Liberty whose former area now forms part of, and gives its name to, the London Borough of Havering in Greater London....
  • Liberty of Howdenshire
    Howdenshire

    Howdenshire was a wapentake and a liberty of England, lying around the town of Howden, East Riding of Yorkshire in the East Riding of Yorkshire....
  • Liberty of Langbaurgh
  • Langport Liberty
  • Liberty of Norton Folgate
    Norton Folgate

    Norton Folgate is a short length of street in London, connecting Bishopsgate with Shoreditch High Street on the northern edge of its financial district, the City of London....
  • Old Artillery Ground Liberty
    Old Artillery Ground

    The Old Artillery Ground is an area of land in Spitalfields, London formerly designated one of the Liberties of the Tower of London and Crown Land....
     (part of the Liberties of the Tower of London
    Liberties of the Tower of London

    The Liberties of the Tower, or the Tower Liberty was an area adjoining the Tower of London, which was outside the jurisdiction of either the City of London or the County of Middlesex....
    )
  • Soke of Peterborough
    Soke of Peterborough

    The Soke of Peterborough is an historic area of England that is traditionally associated with the Peterborough and Anglican Diocese of Peterborough, but considered part of Northamptonshire....
  • Pevensey Lowey
  • Portsmouth and Portsea Island Liberty
  • Richmondshire
    Richmondshire

    Richmondshire is a Non-metropolitan district of North Yorkshire, England. It covers a large northern area of the Yorkshire Dales, including Swaledale and Wensleydale and includes the major settlements of:...
  • Liberty of Ripon
    Liberty of Ripon

    The Liberty of Ripon or Riponshire was a liberty possessing separate county jurisdiction, although situated within the county of Yorkshire....
  • Romney Marsh
    Romney Marsh

    The Romney Marsh is a sparsely populated wetland area in the counties of Kent and East Sussex in the south-east of England. It covers about 100 square miles ....
     Liberty
  • Liberty of the Rolls
    Liberty of the Rolls

    The Liberty of the Rolls was a Liberty , later a civil parish within the boundaries of Westminster, in Middlesex. Named perhaps for the ancient Rolls House upon Chancery Lane where the rolls of the Court of Chancery of England were kept, or perhaps, like other parishes, its more recent Rolls Chapel....
  • Liberty of St Albans
    Liberty of St Albans

    The Liberty of St Albans was a liberty situated within Hertfordshire, but enjoying the powers of an independent county. It was originally associated with the St Albans Cathedral, and later with the borough corporation....
  • Liberty of St Martin's le Grand
  • Liberty of the Savoy/Savoy Precinct
    Liberties of the Savoy

    The Liberties of the Savoy were one of several areas in London known as Liberty in which the rule of law was different from the rest of London....
  • Liberty of Saint Edmund
  • Precinct of St Katharine
  • Liberty of Saffron Hill
    Saffron Hill

    Saffron Hill is the name of a street in the south eastern corner of the London Borough of Camden, between Farringdon, London Road and Hatton Garden....
  • Isle of Sheppey
    Isle of Sheppey

    The Isle of Sheppey is an island off the northern coast of Kent, England in the Thames Estuary, some 38 miles to the east of central London. It has an area of 36 square miles ....
     Liberty
  • Shrewsbury Liberty
  • Borough of Southwark
    Southwark

    Southwark, or the Borough, is an area of south-east London in the London Borough of Southwark, situated 1.5 miles east of Charing Cross....
  • Southwell and Scrooby
  • Lowey of Tonbridge
    Lowey of Tonbridge

    The Lowey of Tonbridge is the name given to the large tract of land given to Richard Fitz Gilbert in West Kent, England by William the Conqueror after the Battle of Hastings as a reward for his assistance in winning the battle....
  • Tower division
    Tower division

    The Tower Division was a Liberty , a historical form of local government, in the Historic counties of England of Middlesex, England. It was also known as the Tower Hamlets, and took its name from being under the special jurisdiction of the Constable of the Tower of London....
  • Liberties of the Tower of London
    Liberties of the Tower of London

    The Liberties of the Tower, or the Tower Liberty was an area adjoining the Tower of London, which was outside the jurisdiction of either the City of London or the County of Middlesex....
  • Wenlock Franchise
  • West Medina Liberty
  • Liberty of Westminster
    Liberty of Westminster

    The Liberty of Westminster was an independent Liberty , locally in the Hundred of Ossulstone, in the county of Middlesex, England.Following the Dissolution of the Monasteries of Westminster Abbey, a court of burgesses was formed in 1585 to govern the Westminster area, previously under the Abbey's control....
  • Westover Liberty
    Westover, Hampshire

    Westover, Hampshire, was the ancient manor, now in Dorset, over which much of modern Bournemouth has developed. This area of land marked a historic boundary between Celtic and Saxon civilisations, which found expression as the county boundary between Hampshire to the east and Dorset to the west....
  • Precinct of Whitefriars
  • Whitby Strand Liberty


In the United States:
  • Northern Liberties