Lewenborg
Encyclopedia
Lewenborg is a green suburb in the east of the city of Groningen in the Netherlands
. It had 8,800 residents as of 2008. Its construction began in 1971.
The heart of Lewenborg consists of the shopping mall and the community center, Het Dok. All of Lewenborg's street names are references to nautical terms. Even the institutions and schools in this neighbourhood carry nautical names. The streets of Zilvermeer (Silverlake), Mooiland (Prettyland), Waterland and Zonland (Sunland) (the last three in the ecological quarter, Drielanden) are also part of Lewenborg. However, they do not concur with Lewenborg's regular nomenclature
.
In the past few years, Lewenborg has undergone a suburban-renewal project. The plan consists of the creation of a canal which runs right through Lewenborg—the Lewenborgsingel. Before the digging began, three big flats
had to be demolished: the Sloepflat in the fall of 1999, the Toplichtflat in the spring of 2000, and the Kombuisflat in 2005. The western portion of the canal was finished first, and the eastern portion is now also complete. As soon as Lewenborg's medical center has moved to its new location, both parts of the Lewenborgsingel will be connected.
. The harvesting (of peat
) occurred on the higher located levees, which resulted in ribbon development
(see for example Engelbert and Noorddijk
) and relatively small lots
(see for example the EDON-woods). In a later period, the mining of the bogs caused the ground to sink. At first, they tried to dig ditches (for example the Kardingermaar
and the Zuidwending) to drain off the increasingly waterlogged lots. This proved to be insufficient, and major adjustments like water board
s, polders, and dikes
were deemed necessary.
In presumably the twelfth century, the Stadsweg arose. This was a route from Groningen via Noorddijk
en Garmerwolde to the Ems. This old route disappeared with the construction of Lewenborg. However, two small pieces of it still remain: the bicycling path from the Stadsweg in Oosterhogebrug between the football fields of FC Lewenborg to Lichtboei; and on the other side of Lewenborg, the part of the bicycling path from Wimpel to the Bevrijdingsbos
and in the direction of Garmerwolde. In 2007 a plan arose to dig up the Stadsweg in the Le Roygebied and pull it through from Wimpel.
club GV Olympia has used the gym in the sport centre on Valreep for almost fifteen years. The girls' squad participates in competitions on a national level.
The current elementary schools are:
Other schools
In the past there were several schools that, albeit temporary, were based in Lewenborg. For example, there was a Waldorf school on Baken for quite some time.
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
. It had 8,800 residents as of 2008. Its construction began in 1971.
The heart of Lewenborg consists of the shopping mall and the community center, Het Dok. All of Lewenborg's street names are references to nautical terms. Even the institutions and schools in this neighbourhood carry nautical names. The streets of Zilvermeer (Silverlake), Mooiland (Prettyland), Waterland and Zonland (Sunland) (the last three in the ecological quarter, Drielanden) are also part of Lewenborg. However, they do not concur with Lewenborg's regular nomenclature
Nomenclature
Nomenclature is a term that applies to either a list of names or terms, or to the system of principles, procedures and terms related to naming - which is the assigning of a word or phrase to a particular object or property...
.
In the past few years, Lewenborg has undergone a suburban-renewal project. The plan consists of the creation of a canal which runs right through Lewenborg—the Lewenborgsingel. Before the digging began, three big flats
Apartment
An apartment or flat is a self-contained housing unit that occupies only part of a building...
had to be demolished: the Sloepflat in the fall of 1999, the Toplichtflat in the spring of 2000, and the Kombuisflat in 2005. The western portion of the canal was finished first, and the eastern portion is now also complete. As soon as Lewenborg's medical center has moved to its new location, both parts of the Lewenborgsingel will be connected.
History
Lewenborg is situated in a very old area. Originally the surroundings were terrains of bog-on-clay. The major development of bogs started around the year 1000, mostly because of the efforts of several monasteriesChristian monasticism
Christian monasticism is a practice which began to develop early in the history of the Christian Church, modeled upon scriptural examples and ideals, including those in the Old Testament, but not mandated as an institution in the scriptures. It has come to be regulated by religious rules Christian...
. The harvesting (of peat
Peat
Peat is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation matter or histosol. Peat forms in wetland bogs, moors, muskegs, pocosins, mires, and peat swamp forests. Peat is harvested as an important source of fuel in certain parts of the world...
) occurred on the higher located levees, which resulted in ribbon development
Ribbon development
Ribbon development means building houses along the routes of communications radiating from a human settlement. Such development generated great concern in the United Kingdom during the 1920s and the 1930s, as well as in numerous other countries....
(see for example Engelbert and Noorddijk
Noorddijk (Groningen)
Noorddijk is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is located in the municipality of Groningen, about 5 km northeast of the city centre.FOO was a separate municipality until 1969, when it was merged with the city of Groningen....
) and relatively small lots
Lot (real estate)
In real estate, a lot or plot is a tract or parcel of land owned or meant to be owned by some owner. A lot is essentially considered a parcel of real property in some countries or immovable property in other countries...
(see for example the EDON-woods). In a later period, the mining of the bogs caused the ground to sink. At first, they tried to dig ditches (for example the Kardingermaar
Kardingermaar
The Kardingermaar is a maar in the province of Groningen. It is, for the most part, the border between de gemeenten Bedum en Ten Boer....
and the Zuidwending) to drain off the increasingly waterlogged lots. This proved to be insufficient, and major adjustments like water board
Water board
A water board is a regional organisation that has very different functions from one country to another, ranging from flood control, water resources management, water charging and financing, and bulk water supply.-Philippines:The...
s, polders, and dikes
Levee
A levee, levée, dike , embankment, floodbank or stopbank is an elongated naturally occurring ridge or artificially constructed fill or wall, which regulates water levels...
were deemed necessary.
In presumably the twelfth century, the Stadsweg arose. This was a route from Groningen via Noorddijk
Noorddijk
Noorddijk is a hamlet in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Wester-Koggenland, and lies about 7 km southeast of Heerhugowaard....
en Garmerwolde to the Ems. This old route disappeared with the construction of Lewenborg. However, two small pieces of it still remain: the bicycling path from the Stadsweg in Oosterhogebrug between the football fields of FC Lewenborg to Lichtboei; and on the other side of Lewenborg, the part of the bicycling path from Wimpel to the Bevrijdingsbos
Bevrijdingsbos
The Bevrijdingsbos is a forest on the edge of the city of Groningen between the district Lewenborg and the village of Garmerwolde in the Netherlands....
and in the direction of Garmerwolde. In 2007 a plan arose to dig up the Stadsweg in the Le Roygebied and pull it through from Wimpel.
Sport clubs
The gymnasticsGymnastics
Gymnastics is a sport involving performance of exercises requiring physical strength, flexibility, agility, coordination, and balance. Internationally, all of the gymnastic sports are governed by the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique with each country having its own national governing body...
club GV Olympia has used the gym in the sport centre on Valreep for almost fifteen years. The girls' squad participates in competitions on a national level.
Schools
Lewenborg has four elementary schools. It used to have six, but the Ketelbinkie and De Brandaris fused in 1995 into De Tweemaster. The schools Radar and De Swoaistee fused in 2005. After that, the old building of Radar was demolished to make way for the construction of new Swoaistee classrooms.The current elementary schools are:
- De Swoaistee (public, Jenaplan), Kiel
- De Catamaran (public), Vaargeul
- De Tweemaster (public), Valreep
- Het Kompas (Christian), Midscheeps
Other schools
- Alfa College (Vocational education), Kluiverboom
In the past there were several schools that, albeit temporary, were based in Lewenborg. For example, there was a Waldorf school on Baken for quite some time.
Streets
- Anker (AnchorAnchorAn anchor is a device, normally made of metal, that is used to connect a vessel to the bed of a body of water to prevent the vessel from drifting due to wind or current. The word derives from Latin ancora, which itself comes from the Greek ἄγκυρα .Anchors can either be temporary or permanent...
) - Bakboord (Port)
- Baken (BeaconSea markA sea mark, also seamark and navigation mark, is a form of aid to navigation and pilotage aid which identifies the approximate position of a maritime channel, hazard and administrative area to allow boats, ships and seaplanes to navigate safely....
) - Boeg (BowBow (ship)The bow is a nautical term that refers to the forward part of the hull of a ship or boat, the point that is most forward when the vessel is underway. Both of the adjectives fore and forward mean towards the bow...
) - Bolder (BollardBollardA bollard is a short vertical post. Originally it meant a post used on a ship or a quay, principally for mooring. The word now also describes a variety of structures to control or direct road traffic, such as posts arranged in a line to obstruct the passage of motor vehicles...
) - Fok (JibJibA jib is a triangular staysail set ahead of the foremast of a sailing vessel. Its tack is fixed to the bowsprit, to the bow, or to the deck between the bowsprit and the foremost mast...
) - Dek (DeckDeck (ship)A deck is a permanent covering over a compartment or a hull of a ship. On a boat or ship, the primary deck is the horizontal structure which forms the 'roof' for the hull, which both strengthens the hull and serves as the primary working surface...
) - Dukdalf (DolphinDolphin (structure)A dolphin is a man-made marine structure that extends above the water level and is not connected to shore.Dolphins are usually installed to provide a fixed structure when it would be impractical to extend the shore to provide a dry access facility, for example, when ships are greater than the...
) - Gangboord (GunwaleGunwaleThe gunwale is a nautical term describing the top edge of the side of a boat.Wale is the same word as the skin injury, a wheal, which, too, forms a ridge. Originally the gunwale was the "Gun ridge" on a sailing warship. This represented the strengthening wale or structural band added to the design...
) - Golfslag (Wind wave)
- Grootzeil (MainsailMainsailA mainsail is a sail located behind the main mast of a sailing vessel.On a square rigged vessel, it is the lowest and largest sail on the main mast....
) - Het Want (StaysStays (nautical)Stays are the heavy ropes, wires, or rods on sailing vessels that run from the masts to the hull, usually fore-and-aft along the centerline of the vessel...
) - Kajuit (CabinCabin (ship)A cabin or berthing is an enclosed space generally on a ship or an aircraft. A cabin which protrudes above the level of a ship's deck may be referred to as a "deckhouse."-Sailing ships:...
) - Kiel (KeelKeelIn boats and ships, keel can refer to either of two parts: a structural element, or a hydrodynamic element. These parts overlap. As the laying down of the keel is the initial step in construction of a ship, in British and American shipbuilding traditions the construction is dated from this event...
) - Kluisgat (HawseholeHawseholeHawsehole is a nautical term for a small hole in the hull of a ship through which hawsers may be passed. Also known as a cat hole. In the British Navy, an officer who had served as a seaman before being promoted was said to have "come in through the hawsehole."...
) - Kluiverboom (Jib boom)
- Kombuis (Galley)
- Kraaienest (Crow's nestCrow's nestA crow's nest is a structure in the upper part of the mainmast of a ship or structure, that is used as a lookout point.This position ensured the best view of the approaching hazards, other ships or land. It was the best device for this purpose until the invention of radar.In early ships it was...
) - Langszij
- Lichtboei (Light buoySea markA sea mark, also seamark and navigation mark, is a form of aid to navigation and pilotage aid which identifies the approximate position of a maritime channel, hazard and administrative area to allow boats, ships and seaplanes to navigate safely....
) - Lijzijde (Leeward)
- Loefzijde (Windward)
- Loopplank (Gangway)
- Mast (MastMast (sailing)The mast of a sailing vessel is a tall, vertical, or near vertical, spar, or arrangement of spars, which supports the sails. Large ships have several masts, with the size and configuration depending on the style of ship...
) - Meerpaal (BollardBollardA bollard is a short vertical post. Originally it meant a post used on a ship or a quay, principally for mooring. The word now also describes a variety of structures to control or direct road traffic, such as posts arranged in a line to obstruct the passage of motor vehicles...
) - Midscheeps (Midships)
- Overloop (Ship CorridorAlleyAn alley or alleyway is a narrow lane found in urban areas, often for pedestrians only, which usually runs between or behind buildings. In older cities and towns in Europe, alleys are often what is left of a medieval street network, or a right of way or ancient footpath in an urban setting...
) - Patrijspoort (PortholePortholeA porthole is a generally circular, window used on the hull of ships to admit light and air. Porthole is actually an abbreviated term for "port hole window"...
) - Ra (YardYard (sailing)A yard is a spar on a mast from which sails are set. It may be constructed of timber, steel, or from more modern materials, like aluminium or carbon fibre. Although some types of fore and aft rigs have yards , the term is usually used to describe the horizontal spars used with square sails...
) - Reling (HandrailHandrailA handrail is a rail that is designed to be grasped by the hand so as to provide stability or support. Handrails are commonly used while ascending or descending stairways and escalators in order to prevent injurious falls. Other applications include bathroom handrails—which help to prevent falls on...
) - Roer (RudderRudderA rudder is a device used to steer a ship, boat, submarine, hovercraft, aircraft or other conveyance that moves through a medium . On an aircraft the rudder is used primarily to counter adverse yaw and p-factor and is not the primary control used to turn the airplane...
) - Sloep (SloopSloopA sloop is a sail boat with a fore-and-aft rig and a single mast farther forward than the mast of a cutter....
) - Stuurhut (Steering cabinCabin (ship)A cabin or berthing is an enclosed space generally on a ship or an aircraft. A cabin which protrudes above the level of a ship's deck may be referred to as a "deckhouse."-Sailing ships:...
) - Steiger (PierPierA pier is a raised structure, including bridge and building supports and walkways, over water, typically supported by widely spread piles or pillars...
) - Stuurboordwal (Starboard)
- Toplicht (Navigation lightNavigation lightA navigation light is a colored source of illumination on an aircraft, spacecraft, or waterborne vessel, used to signal a craft's position, heading, and status...
) - Vaargeul (Shipping fairway)
- Valreep (Gangway)
- Vooronder (Frontcabin)
- Wimpel (PennonPennonA pennon was one of the principal three varieties of flags carried during the Middle Ages . Pennoncells and streamers or pendants are considered as minor varieties of this style of flag. The pennon is a flag resembling the guidon in shape, but only half the size...
)