Letizia Ramolino

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Letizia Ramolino

, 1813]] Nobile Maria Letizia Bonaparte née
Married and maiden names

A married name is the family name adopted by a person upon marriage, and in speaking of the many cultures where the practice is traditional for women, the maiden name is the family name that the married name replaces....
Ramolino (Marie-Lætitia Ramolino, Madame Mère de l'Empereur) (24 August, 1750 – 2 February, 1836) was the mother of Napoleon I of France
Napoleon I of France

Napoleon Bonaparte later known as Emperor Napoleon I, was a military and political leader of France whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century....
.

She was born in Ajaccio
Ajaccio

Ajaccio , is a Communes of France in France. It is the Capital of the region of Corsica and the Prefectures in France of the Departments of France of Corse-du-Sud....
, Corsica
Corsica

Corsica is the Mediterranean islands#By area in the Mediterranean Sea . It is located west of Italy, southeast of the France mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia....
, to Nobile Giovanni Geronimo Ramolino (13 April, 1723 – 1755), Captain of Corse Regiment
Regiment

A regiment is a military unit, composed of variable numbers of battalions, commanded by a Colonel. Depending on the nation, military branch, mission, and organization, a modern regiment resembles a brigade, in that both range in size from a few hundred to 5,000 soldiers ....
s of Chivalry
Chivalry

Chivalry is a term relating to the medieval institution of knighthood. It is usually associated with ideals of knightly virtues, honor and courtly love....
and Infantry
Infantry

Infantry are soldiers who are primarily trained for the role of fighting on foot. A soldier in the infantry is known as an infantryman. Infantry units have more physically demanding training than other branches of armies, and place a greater emphasis on fitness, physical strength and aggression....
in the Army
Army

An army , in the broadest sense, is the land-based armed forces of a nation. It may also include other branches of the military such as an air force....
of the Republic of Genoa, and wife Nobile Angela Maria Pietrasanta (circa 1725 – 1790).

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, 1813]]
Nobile Maria Letizia Bonaparte née
Married and maiden names

A married name is the family name adopted by a person upon marriage, and in speaking of the many cultures where the practice is traditional for women, the maiden name is the family name that the married name replaces....
Ramolino (Marie-Lætitia Ramolino, Madame Mère de l'Empereur) (24 August, 1750 – 2 February, 1836) was the mother of Napoleon I of France
Napoleon I of France

Napoleon Bonaparte later known as Emperor Napoleon I, was a military and political leader of France whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century....
.

She was born in Ajaccio
Ajaccio

Ajaccio , is a Communes of France in France. It is the Capital of the region of Corsica and the Prefectures in France of the Departments of France of Corse-du-Sud....
, Corsica
Corsica

Corsica is the Mediterranean islands#By area in the Mediterranean Sea . It is located west of Italy, southeast of the France mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia....
, to Nobile Giovanni Geronimo Ramolino (13 April, 1723 – 1755), Captain of Corse Regiment
Regiment

A regiment is a military unit, composed of variable numbers of battalions, commanded by a Colonel. Depending on the nation, military branch, mission, and organization, a modern regiment resembles a brigade, in that both range in size from a few hundred to 5,000 soldiers ....
s of Chivalry
Chivalry

Chivalry is a term relating to the medieval institution of knighthood. It is usually associated with ideals of knightly virtues, honor and courtly love....
and Infantry
Infantry

Infantry are soldiers who are primarily trained for the role of fighting on foot. A soldier in the infantry is known as an infantryman. Infantry units have more physically demanding training than other branches of armies, and place a greater emphasis on fitness, physical strength and aggression....
in the Army
Army

An army , in the broadest sense, is the land-based armed forces of a nation. It may also include other branches of the military such as an air force....
of the Republic of Genoa, and wife Nobile Angela Maria Pietrasanta (circa 1725 – 1790). The distant cousins of the Ramolinos were a low rank of nobility
Nobility

Nobility is a government-privileged title which may be either hereditary or for a lifetime. Titles of nobility exist today in many countries although it is usually associated with present or former monarchies....
in the Republic of Genoa
Republic of Genoa

The Most Serene Republic of Genoa was an independent state in Liguria on the northwestern Italy coast from the 11th century to 1797, when it was invaded by armies of First French Republic under Napoleon I of France....
. Letizia was not formally educated.

On 2/7 June, 1764, when she was 14, she married at Ajaccio Attorney
Lawyer

A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an Attorney at law, counsel or solicitor; a person licensed to practice fraud." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain stability, and deliver justice....
Carlo Buonaparte
Carlo Buonaparte

Nobile Carlo Maria Bonaparte was a Corsican lawyer and politician who briefly served as a personal assistant of the revolutionary leader Pasquale Paoli and eventually rose to become Corsica's representative to the court of Louis XVI of France....
. She bore 13 children, eight of whom survived infancy, and most of which survivors were made monarchs by Napoleon:
Napoleone Buonaparte (1764/1765 – 17 August 1765)
Maria Anna Buonaparte (3 January 1767 – 1 January 1768)
Joseph Bonaparte
Joseph Bonaparte

Joseph-Napol?on Bonaparte, King of Kingdom of Naples and Kingdom of Sicily, King of Spain and the Spanish West Indies, Comte de Survilliers was the elder brother of French Emperor Napoleon I of France, who made him King of Naples and King of Sicily and later King of Spain....
(7 January 1768 – 28 July 1844)
Napoleon I of France
Napoleon I of France

Napoleon Bonaparte later known as Emperor Napoleon I, was a military and political leader of France whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century....
(15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), Emperor of the French and namesake of his deceased older brother
Maria Anna Buonaparte (1770), namesake of her deceased older sister
Maria Anna Buonaparte (14 July – 23 November 1771), namesake of her deceased older sisters
A stillborn
Stillbirth

A stillbirth occurs when a fetus which has death in the uterus or during labor or childbirth, while exiting a woman's human body. The term is often used in distinction to live birth or miscarriage....
son
Lucien Bonaparte
Lucien Bonaparte

Lucien Bonaparte, Prince Fran?ais, 1st Principe di Canino and 1st Principe di Prince of Canino and Musignano Lucien was a younger brother of Joseph Bonaparte and Napoleon I of France, and an older brother of Elisa Bonaparte, Louis Bonaparte, Pauline Bonaparte, Caroline Bonaparte and J?r?me Bonaparte....
(21 May 1775 – 29 June 1840), Prince of Canino
Elisa Bonaparte
Elisa Bonaparte

Maria Anna Elisa Bonaparte Baciocchi, Princesse Fran?aise, Duchess of Lucca and Princess of Piombino, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Comtesse de Compignano was the fourth surviving child and eldest surviving daughter of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino....
(13 January 1777 – 7 August 1820), Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Louis Bonaparte
Louis Bonaparte

Louis Napol?on Bonaparte, Prince Fran?ais, King of Holland, Comte de Saint-Leu-la-For?t was the fifth surviving child and fourth surviving son of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino....
(2 September 1778 – 25 July 1846), King of Holland
Holland

Holland is a name in common usage given to two regions in the western part of Netherlands. The name 'Holland' is also often mistakenly used to refer to the whole of The Netherlands....
Pauline Bonaparte
Pauline Bonaparte

Marie Paulette Bonaparte, Princesse Fran?aise, Princess and Duchess of Guastalla was the younger and favourite sister of Napoleon I of France....
(20 October 1780 – 9 June 1825), Sovereign Princess and Duchess of Guastalla
Guastalla

Guastalla is a town and commune in the province of Reggio Emilia in Emilia-Romagna, Italy....
Caroline Bonaparte
Caroline Bonaparte

Maria Annunziata Carolina Murat , better known as Caroline Bonaparte, was the seventh surviving child and third surviving daughter of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino and a younger sister of Napoleon I of France....
(24 March 1782 – 18 May 1839), Grand Duchess of Berg
Berg

Berg is the word for mountain in various Germanic languages, and may also refer to:In Germany:*Berg , a medieval territory in today's North Rhine-Westphalia...
and Cleves, wife of Joachim Murat
Joachim Murat

Joachim-Napol?on Murat , Prince Murat, Grand Duke of Berg and Duchy of Cleves, Marshal of France, was King of the Two Sicilies from 1808 to 1815....
, later queen consort
Queen consort

A queen consort is the title given to the wife of a reigning Monarch. Queens consort usually share their husbands' Royal and noble ranks and hold the feminine equivalent of their husbands' monarchical titles....
of Naples
Naples

Naples is a city in southern Italy, the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples. The city is known for its rich history, art, culture and gastronomy, playing an important role throughout much of its existence; it is over 2,800 years old....
Jérôme Bonaparte
Jérôme Bonaparte

J?r?me-Napol?on Bonaparte, French Prince, King of Westphalia, 1st Prince of Montfort of Vorarlberg was the youngest brother of Napoleon I of France, who made him king of Kingdom of Westphalia ....
(15 November 1784 - 24 June 1860), King of Westphalia
Westphalia

Westphalia is a region in Germany, centred on the cities of Bielefeld, Bochum, Dortmund, Gelsenkirchen, M?nster, and Osnabr?ck and included in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony....
.

She was a harsh mother, and had a very down-to-earth view of most things. When most European mothers, even those in the upper class
Upper class

The upper class is a concept in sociology that refers to the group of people at the top of a social hierarchy. Members of an upper class often have great power over the allocation of resources and governmental policy in their area....
, bathed
Bathing

Bathing is the immersion of the body in a fluid, usually water or an aqueous solution. It may be practiced for hygiene, religion or therapy purposes or as a recreational activity....
perhaps once a month, she had her children bathed every other day.

When France under the Ancien Régime took control of Corsica
Corsica

Corsica is the Mediterranean islands#By area in the Mediterranean Sea . It is located west of Italy, southeast of the France mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia....
, in 1769, French
French language

French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
became the national language, but Letizia never learned the tongue. When she was 35, her husband died of cancer
Cancer

Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cell display uncontrolled growth , invasion , and sometimes metastasis . These three malignant properties of cancers differentiate them from benign tumors, which are self-limited, do not invade or metastasize....
. She was decreed "Madam, the Mother of His Majesty the Emperor" (Madame Mère de l'Empereur), Imperial Highness, on 18 May, 1804 or 23 March, 1805. She died of old age in Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
, in 1836, aged 85, three weeks before the 50th anniversary of her husband
Carlo Buonaparte

Nobile Carlo Maria Bonaparte was a Corsican lawyer and politician who briefly served as a personal assistant of the revolutionary leader Pasquale Paoli and eventually rose to become Corsica's representative to the court of Louis XVI of France....
's death. By then she was nearly blind
Blind

Blind can refer to:* The state of blindness, being unable to see* Blind or double-blind, a procedure to reduce bias in scientific experiments...
and had outlived her most famous son Napoleon by 15 years.

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