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Leinster
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Leinster (; Irish: Laighin, ), one of the Provinces of Ireland, lies in the east of Ireland and comprises the counties of Carlow, Dublin, Kildare, Kilkenny, Laois, Longford, Louth, Meath, Offaly, Westmeath, Wexford and Wicklow. Leinster has the largest population of the four provinces of Ireland. The traditional flag of Leinster features a golden harp on a green background.
Large towns
In order of size:
rding to the CSO regional income report, GDP for the province of Leinster in 2004 was estimated to be well over 75 billion Euro.
Name and early history
In ancient times Leinster was occupied by five major Fir-Bolg tribes, of which the tribe of Laigin rose to dominance and gave Leinster its name.
Discussion
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Encyclopedia
Leinster (; Irish: Laighin, ), one of the Provinces of Ireland, lies in the east of Ireland and comprises the counties of Carlow, Dublin, Kildare, Kilkenny, Laois, Longford, Louth, Meath, Offaly, Westmeath, Wexford and Wicklow. Leinster has the largest population of the four provinces of Ireland. The traditional flag of Leinster features a golden harp on a green background.
Cities
- The largest city in Leinster is Dublin, the capital of the Republic of Ireland. The Greater Dublin Area (GDA) has a population of 1,661,185 (2006). Some of the larger urban areas in the GDA are Tallaght & environs (103,301), Blanchardstown (60,000), Clondalkin (43,929) and Lucan (37,622). The city of Kilkenny (and environs) has a population of 23,967 (2006).
Large towns
In order of size:
- Swords (37,806)
- Drogheda (35,090)
- Dundalk (35,085)
- Bray (31,901)
- Finglas (31,529)
- Navan (26,938)
- Naas (22,715)
- Carlow (20,724)
- Wexford (18,590)
- Mullingar (18,529)
- Newbridge (18,520)
- Athlone (16,888)
- Balbriggan (15,559)
- Leixlip (14,676)
- Celbridge (14,675)
- Greystones (14,569)
- Portlaoise (14,275)
- Tullamore (13,085)
- Longford (13,000)
- Arklow (11,712)
- Malahide (11,069)
- Maynooth (10,715)
- Wicklow (10,070)
Economy
According to the CSO regional income report, GDP for the province of Leinster in 2004 was estimated to be well over 75 billion Euro.
Name and early history
In ancient times Leinster was occupied by five major Fir-Bolg tribes, of which the tribe of Laigin rose to dominance and gave Leinster its name. The Fir Bolg may be related to the Belgae, but this has not been firmly established. The tribes of Leinster were united by Úgaine Mor (Hugony, the Great), who built the hill-fort of Ailinne Knochawlin, near Kilcullen, County Kildare. He is a likely, but uncertain candidate as the first historical king of Laigin (Leinster) in the 7th century BC. The "-ster" of the toponym comes from the Nordic S-genitive and the Irish tír, meaning country, as the Vikings dominated and held Dublin, Wexford and Waterford, among other times for a period of time (around 800AD-1000AD). Therefore Leinster breaks down as:
or "the country of the Laigin".
The kingdom of Laigin was re-founded circa 175/185 AD following a period of civil wars in Ireland by the legendary Cathair Mor.
Finn Mac Cool, or Fionn mac Cumhaill, was reputed to have built a stronghold at the Hill of Allen, on the edge of the Bog of Almhainn, in what was then Leinster.
In the 4th and 5th centuries, after Magnus Maximus left Britain with his legions, leaving a power vacuum, colonists from Laigin settled in North Wales, specifically in Anglesey, Carnarvonshire and Denbighshire. In Wales some of the Leinster-Irish colonists left their name on the Llyn Peninsula, which derives its name from Laigin.
By the 8th century, Laigin had split into two dynasties:
Northern Leinster dynasty: Murchad mac Brain (d. 727), King of Uí Dúnlainge, and joint leader of the Laigin
Southern Leinster dynasty: Áed mac Colggen (d. 738), King of Uí Cheinnselaig, and joint leader of the Laigin
After the death of the last Kildare-based King of Laigin, Murchad Mac Dunlainge in 1042, the kingship of Leinster reverted to the Uí Cheinnselaig sept based in the south east (southern dynasty) which comprise the later Kings of Leinster.
Some contend it was named after a powerful Welsh colony, meaning "Land of the men of the Llyn Peninsula" .
Borders of Leinster
Today, made of twelve counties, it encompasses the old province of Mide (mostly now in modern-day County Meath and County Westmeath). Also in it are County Longford and the Annally and Lusmagh parishes of County Offaly, formerly of Connacht, and County Louth, formerly of Ulster. The borders were redrawn by Cromwell for administration and military reasons. The last major boundary changes occurred with the formation of County Wicklow (1603-1606), from lands in the north of Carlow (which previously extended to the sea) and most of southern Dublin.
Later minor changes dealt with "islands" of one county in another. By the late 18th century, Leinster looked as shown below.
See also
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