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Lateran and Laterano are the shared names of several architectural projects throughout Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
. The properties were once owned by the Lateranus family of the former Roman Empire
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
. The Laterani lost their properties to Emperor Constantine who in turn gave it to the Catholic Church.

The most famous Lateran buildings are the Lateran Palace
Lateran Palace

The Lateran Palace, formally the Apostolic Palace of the Lateran , is an ancient palace of the Roman Empire and later a Papal Palace. Adjacent to the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, the cathedral Church of Rome, Italy....
, once called the Palace of the Popes
Palace of the Popes

The Palace of the Popes is the name shared by several locations in which the Popes have taken residence. They are:*Palace of the Vatican, Vatican City, the current residence...
, and the Basilica of St. John Lateran
Basilica of St. John Lateran

The Basilica of St. John Lateran is the cathedral of the Diocese of Rome and the official ecclesiastical seat of the Bishop of Rome, who is the Pope....
, the cathedral
Cathedral

A cathedral is a Christian church that contains the seat of a bishop. It is a Religion building for worship, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Roman Catholic Church, Anglicanism, Orthodox Christian and some Lutheranism churches, which serves as a bishop's seat, and thus as the central church of a dioc...
 of Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
, which although part of Italy is a property of the Holy See
Holy See

The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope, and is the preeminent episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church....
 that has extra-territorial privileges as a result of the 1929 Lateran Treaty.






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Lateran and Laterano are the shared names of several architectural projects throughout Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
. The properties were once owned by the Lateranus family of the former Roman Empire
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
. The Laterani lost their properties to Emperor Constantine who in turn gave it to the Catholic Church.

The most famous Lateran buildings are the Lateran Palace
Lateran Palace

The Lateran Palace, formally the Apostolic Palace of the Lateran , is an ancient palace of the Roman Empire and later a Papal Palace. Adjacent to the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, the cathedral Church of Rome, Italy....
, once called the Palace of the Popes
Palace of the Popes

The Palace of the Popes is the name shared by several locations in which the Popes have taken residence. They are:*Palace of the Vatican, Vatican City, the current residence...
, and the Basilica of St. John Lateran
Basilica of St. John Lateran

The Basilica of St. John Lateran is the cathedral of the Diocese of Rome and the official ecclesiastical seat of the Bishop of Rome, who is the Pope....
, the cathedral
Cathedral

A cathedral is a Christian church that contains the seat of a bishop. It is a Religion building for worship, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Roman Catholic Church, Anglicanism, Orthodox Christian and some Lutheranism churches, which serves as a bishop's seat, and thus as the central church of a dioc...
 of Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
, which although part of Italy is a property of the Holy See
Holy See

The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope, and is the preeminent episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church....
 that has extra-territorial privileges as a result of the 1929 Lateran Treaty. As the official ecclesiastical seat of the Pope
Pope

The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church and head of state of Vatican City. The current pope is Pope Benedict XVI, who was elected April 19, 2005 in Papal conclave, 2005....
, St. John Lateran holds the Papal cathedra
Cathedra

A cathedra is the chair or throne of a bishop. It is a symbol of the bishop's teaching authority in the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church, and has in some sense remained such in the Anglican Communion and in Lutheran church es....
 in its apse
Apse

In architecture, the apse is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical Vault . In Romanesque architecture, Byzantine architecture and Gothic architecture Christian abbey, cathedral and church architecture, the term is applied to the semi-circular or polygonal section of the sanctuary at the liturgical east end beyond the altar....
. The Lateran is Christendom's earliest basilica.

Attached to the basilica is the Lateran Baptistery
Lateran Baptistery

The domed octagonal Lateran Baptistery stands somewhat apart from the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, Rome, to which it has become joined by later construction....
, one of the oldest in Christendom. Other constituent parts of the Lateran complex are the building of the Scala Sancta with the Sancta Sanctorum and the Triclinium of Pope Leo III.

The Pontifical Lateran University
Pontifical Lateran University

The Pontifical Lateran University is a Pontifical University in Rome. The institution has four faculties: the faculty of Theology, the faculty of Philosophy and the faculties of Civil Law and Canon Law....
 or simply Lateranum is one of the pontifical universities of Rome. The former Lateran Museum ceased to exist in 1970. An ecclesiastical college in the Philippines
Philippines

The Philippines, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is a country in Southeast Asia with Manila as its capital city. It comprises 7,107 islands in the western Pacific Ocean....
 was named after the Basilica of St.John Lateran, the Colegio de San Juan de Letran
Colegio de San Juan de Letran

The Colegio de San Juan de Letran , was founded in 1620. Letran is a private Roman Catholic institution of higher learning located in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines....
, founded in 1620.

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