Later Jin Dynasty (Five Dynasties)

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Later Jin Dynasty (Five Dynasties)

Note that there are four periods of Chinese history using the name "Jin" (see clarification here
Jin Dynasty

Jin Dynasty may refer to:* Jin Dynasty , Chinese dynasty, subdivided into the Western and Eastern Jin periods* Later Jin Dynasty , one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China....
.)

The Later Jìn (Simplified Chinese: ??; Traditional Chinese: ??; Pinyin

Pinyin

Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most commonly used Romanization system for Standard Mandarin. Hanyu is the Chinese Language, and pinyin means "phonetics", or more literally, "spelling sound" or "spelled sound"....
: Hòu Jìn) (936

936

Events...
-947

947

Events...
) was one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms was an era of political upheaval in China, beginning in the Tang Dynasty and ending in the Song Dynasty . During this period, five dynasties quickly succeeded one another in the north, and more than 12 independent states were established, mainly in the south....
in China

China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
. It was founded by Shi Jingtang, posthumously known as Gaozu of Later Jin

Gaozu of Later Jin

Shi Jingtang ??? was the founder of the Later Jin Dynasty , the third of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period that controlled much of northern China from 907 to 960....
. Note that there are four periods of Chinese history using the name "Jin" (see clarification here

Jin Dynasty

Jin Dynasty may refer to:* Jin Dynasty , Chinese dynasty, subdivided into the Western and Eastern Jin periods* Later Jin Dynasty , one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China....
).

first of the Shatuo Turk

Shatuo Turks

The Shatuo were a Turkic peoples tribe that heavily influenced northern Chinese politics from the late ninth century through the tenth century....
dynasties was founded in 923

923

Events...
by Li Cunxu

Li Cunxu

Li Cunxu was King of Jin, China and later became Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang .Li Cunxu was successful in overthrowing the Later Liang Dynasty in 923 and proclaimed himself emperor of the Later Tang Dynasty, which he referred to as the ?Restored Tang.? As a part of ?restoring the Tang Dynasty,? the capital was moved back to the old Ta...
, the son of the great Shatuo Turk

Shatuo Turks

The Shatuo were a Turkic peoples tribe that heavily influenced northern Chinese politics from the late ninth century through the tenth century....
chieftain Li Keyong

Li Keyong

Li Keyong was Shatuo Turks who was a jiedushi during the late Tang Dynasty and was key to developing a base of power for the Shatuo Turks in what is today Shanxi Province in China....
.

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Pinyin

936

Events...
-947

947

Events...
) was one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period

China

Gaozu of Later Jin

Jin Dynasty

Founding of the Later Jin

The first of the Shatuo Turk

Shatuo Turks

The Shatuo were a Turkic peoples tribe that heavily influenced northern Chinese politics from the late ninth century through the tenth century....
dynasties was founded in 923

923

Events...
by Li Cunxu

Li Cunxu

Shatuo Turks

The Shatuo were a Turkic peoples tribe that heavily influenced northern Chinese politics from the late ninth century through the tenth century....
chieftain Li Keyong

Li Keyong

Li Keyong was Shatuo Turks who was a jiedushi during the late Tang Dynasty and was key to developing a base of power for the Shatuo Turks in what is today Shanxi Province in China....
. Called the Later Tang Dynasty

Later Tang Dynasty

The Later Tang Dynasty was a short-lived dynasty that lasted from 923 to 936 one of the five dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period....
, it extended Shatuo Turk

Shatuo Turks

The Shatuo were a Turkic peoples tribe that heavily influenced northern Chinese politics from the late ninth century through the tenth century....
domains from their base in Shanxi to most of northern China

China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
, and into Sichuan. After Li Cunxu

Li Cunxu

Khitan people

The Khitan people , or Khitai, were a nomadic people, originally located at Mongolia and modern Manchuria from the 4th century. They dominated a vast area in northern China by the 10th century under the Liao Dynasty, but have left few relics that have survived until today....
, which was vital to the rise of the Shatuo Turks to power, had soured.

Shi Jingtang

Gaozu of Later Jin

Shi Jingtang ??? was the founder of the Later Jin Dynasty , the third of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period that controlled much of northern China from 907 to 960....
, son-in-law of Li Cunxu

Li Cunxu

Territorial Extant

The Later Jin Dynasty held essentially the same territories as the Later Tang Dynasty

Later Tang Dynasty

The Later Tang Dynasty was a short-lived dynasty that lasted from 923 to 936 one of the five dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period....
, except for Sichuan in the southwest, which was lost by Later Tang in its waning years (as the region became independent as Later Shu

Later Shu

Later Shu was one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in China from 907 to 960. It was located in present-day Sichuan with its capital in Chengdu....
).

The other major exception was a region known as the Sixteen Prefectures

Sixteen Prefectures

Liao Dynasty

The Liao Dynasty , 907-1125, also known as the Khitan Empire , was an empire in East Asia that ruled over the regions of Manchuria, Mongolia, and parts of northern China proper....
out of their steppe base. They had also become a major power broker in northern China

China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
. They forced the Later Jin to cede the strategic “Sixteen Prefectures” to the Liao. Consisting of a region about 70 to 100 miles wide and including modern-day Beijing and points westward, it was considered a highly strategic region, and gave the Liao even more influence in northern China.

Relations with the Khitan

The Later Jin had often been criticized for being a puppet of the emerging Liao empire

Liao Dynasty

The Liao Dynasty , 907-1125, also known as the Khitan Empire , was an empire in East Asia that ruled over the regions of Manchuria, Mongolia, and parts of northern China proper....
. The help of their powerful northern neighbors was vital in the formation of the Later Jin Dynasty, and the cession of the Sixteen Prefectures

Sixteen Prefectures

The Sixteen Prefectures are a region in northern China stretching from present-day Beijing westward to Datong. In most areas, it is approximately seventy to one hundred miles in width....
led to their derision as being the servants of the Khitan.

However, after the death of the founder of the dynasty, Shi Jingtang, Emperor Shi Chonggui defied the Khitan, resulting in the latter invading the territory of the Later Jin in 946

946

Events...
and 947

947

Events...
, resulting in the destruction of the Later Jin Dynasty.

Later Jin Dynasty (Five Dynasties)

Founding of the Later Jin

Territorial Extant

Relations with the Khitan

Rulers of the Later Jin