In
particle physicsParticle physics is a branch of physics that studies the elementary constituents of matter and radiation, and the interactions between them. It is also called high energy physics, because many elementary particles do not occur under normal circumstances in nature, but can be created and detected...
, models with
universal extra dimensions propose that there are one or more additional dimensions beyond the three spatial dimensions and one temporal dimension that are observed. These models differ from the
ADD modelIn particle physics, models with universal extra dimensions propose that there are one or more additional dimensions beyond the three spatial dimensions and one temporal dimension that are observed...
by assuming that all fields propagate universally in the extra dimensions; in contrast, the ADD model requires that the fields of the
Standard ModelThe Standard Model of particle physics is a theory of three of the four known fundamental interactions and the elementary particles that take part in these interactions. These particles make up all visible matter in the universe...
are confined to a four-dimensional membrane, while only gravity propagates in the extra dimensions.
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In
particle physicsParticle physics is a branch of physics that studies the elementary constituents of matter and radiation, and the interactions between them. It is also called high energy physics, because many elementary particles do not occur under normal circumstances in nature, but can be created and detected...
, models with
universal extra dimensions propose that there are one or more additional dimensions beyond the three spatial dimensions and one temporal dimension that are observed. These models differ from the
ADD modelIn particle physics, models with universal extra dimensions propose that there are one or more additional dimensions beyond the three spatial dimensions and one temporal dimension that are observed...
by assuming that all fields propagate universally in the extra dimensions; in contrast, the ADD model requires that the fields of the
Standard ModelThe Standard Model of particle physics is a theory of three of the four known fundamental interactions and the elementary particles that take part in these interactions. These particles make up all visible matter in the universe...
are confined to a four-dimensional membrane, while only gravity propagates in the extra dimensions.
The universal extra dimensions are typically assumed to be compactified with radii much larger than the traditional Planck length, although smaller than in the ADD model, ~10
−18 m, and a few claim that experimental bounds on their size are loose.
Like any other class of models with large extra dimensions, these models violate obvious constraints from neutrino masses, proton decay, and the total absence of other nonrenormalizable interactions (see
Large extra dimensionIn particle physics, models with universal extra dimensions propose that there are one or more additional dimensions beyond the three spatial dimensions and one temporal dimension that are observed...
s).
See also
- Large extra dimension
In particle physics, models with universal extra dimensions propose that there are one or more additional dimensions beyond the three spatial dimensions and one temporal dimension that are observed...
s
- Kaluza-Klein theory
- Randall-Sundrum model
In physics, Randall–Sundrum models imagine that the real world is a higher-dimensional Universe described by warped geometry. More concretely, our Universe is a five-dimensional anti de Sitter space and the elementary particles except for the graviton are localized on a -dimensional brane or...
- DGP model
The DGP model is a model of gravity proposed by Gia Dvali, Gregory Gabadadze, and Massimo Porrati in 2000. The model is popular among some model builders, but has resisted embedding into string theory....