Ladies' Deborah and Child's Protectory
Encyclopedia
Ladies' Deborah and Child's Protectory was a 19th century day care center and orphanage located at 204 East Broadway (Manhattan). The institution cared for the children, ages two to six years, of indigent parents who worked during the day. The youths were fed and returned to their parents in the evening. Abandoned children were also taken in. A certificate of incorporation
was filed at the clerk's office of New York County on March 5, 1878.
The facility opened on the morning of March 24, 1878, when fifty-nine small children were received inside. Ladies' Deborah and Child's Protectory was established by Mrs. P.J. Joachimsen. She was president of the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Society of New York City
.
In January 1880 the New York City Board of Apportionment distributed $1,289.43 from the excise
fund to assist in the support of children at the institution, which was then being called Ladies' Deborah Nursery and Child's Protectory.
In March 1883 the Deborah Nursery was located at 95 East Broadway, with a branch at 101 East Broadway and a girls' branch at 423 East 83rd Street. Elbridge T. Gerry, president of the New York Society of Prevention of Cruelty to Children, listed the buildings of the three sites as worthy of attention by the building department, in regard to repairs.
In November 1896 the facility was ordered to promptly make reforms by the New York City Board of Health. At this instance the nursery was afflicted by the prevalence of ophthalmia
. In March 1896 eighty cases of the disease were reported among the children at Ladies' Deborah Nursery and Child's Protectorate. Infected children were quarantined but twenty-two of them were released back to the main building, despite continuing to suffer from various forms of eye diseases. The institution was then located at Eagle Avenue and 161st Street in Manhattan (New York).
organization held a benefit for the sick and poor at Bellevue Garden near 80th Street (Manhattan).
In June 1897 the Eagle Avenue site, on the West Side (Manhattan)
, was sold during a foreclosure. The lot measured 150 feet by 125 feet and possessed a three story and a four story building, both composed of brick. $18,687 was due on judgment.
Certificate of incorporation
A certificate of incorporation is a legal document relating to the formation of a company or corporation. It is a license to form a corporation issued by state government. Its precise meaning depends upon the legal system in which it is used, but the two primary meanings are:* In the U.S.A...
was filed at the clerk's office of New York County on March 5, 1878.
The facility opened on the morning of March 24, 1878, when fifty-nine small children were received inside. Ladies' Deborah and Child's Protectory was established by Mrs. P.J. Joachimsen. She was president of the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Society of New York City
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
.
In January 1880 the New York City Board of Apportionment distributed $1,289.43 from the excise
Excise
Excise tax in the United States is a indirect tax on listed items. Excise taxes can be and are made by federal, state and local governments and are far from uniform throughout the United States...
fund to assist in the support of children at the institution, which was then being called Ladies' Deborah Nursery and Child's Protectory.
In March 1883 the Deborah Nursery was located at 95 East Broadway, with a branch at 101 East Broadway and a girls' branch at 423 East 83rd Street. Elbridge T. Gerry, president of the New York Society of Prevention of Cruelty to Children, listed the buildings of the three sites as worthy of attention by the building department, in regard to repairs.
Child abuse and poor management
Israel Schwartz, a thirteen-year-old Jewish boy, accused superintendent Herman Engel, of the nursery, of assaulting him with a cane, in May 1893. Engel was held for examination and fined $300. Schwartz complaint was one of many which were reported around this time.In November 1896 the facility was ordered to promptly make reforms by the New York City Board of Health. At this instance the nursery was afflicted by the prevalence of ophthalmia
Ophthalmia
Ophthalmia is inflammation of the eye. It is a medical sign which may be indicative of various conditions, including sympathetic ophthalmia , gonococcal ophthalmia, trachoma or "Egyptian" ophthalmia, ophthalmia neonatorum ,...
. In March 1896 eighty cases of the disease were reported among the children at Ladies' Deborah Nursery and Child's Protectorate. Infected children were quarantined but twenty-two of them were released back to the main building, despite continuing to suffer from various forms of eye diseases. The institution was then located at Eagle Avenue and 161st Street in Manhattan (New York).
Charity background and aftermath
The Ladies' Deborah Relief Association was active at least four years before the opening of the child's protectory. On July 29, 1874 theorganization held a benefit for the sick and poor at Bellevue Garden near 80th Street (Manhattan).
In June 1897 the Eagle Avenue site, on the West Side (Manhattan)
West Side (Manhattan)
The West Side of Manhattan refers to the side of Manhattan Island which abuts the Hudson River and faces New Jersey. Fifth Avenue, Central Park, and lower Broadway separate it from the East Side. The major neighborhoods on the West Side are West Harlem, Morningside Heights, Manhattan Valley, Upper...
, was sold during a foreclosure. The lot measured 150 feet by 125 feet and possessed a three story and a four story building, both composed of brick. $18,687 was due on judgment.