L. Subramaniam
Encyclopedia
Dr. Lakshminarayana Subramaniam (born on 23 July 1947) is an acclaimed India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

n violin
Violin
The violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....

ist, composer
Composer
A composer is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media...

 and conductor, trained in the classical Carnatic music
Carnatic music
Carnatic music is a system of music commonly associated with the southern part of the Indian subcontinent, with its area roughly confined to four modern states of India: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu...

 tradition and Western classical music, and renowned for his virtuoso playing techniques and compositions in orchestral fusion.

Early years

Subramaniam was born to V Lakshminarayana, and Seethalakshmi, both accomplished musicians of Tamil descent.

He lived in Jaffna
Jaffna
Jaffna is the capital city of the Northern Province, Sri Lanka. It is the administrative headquarters of the Jaffna district located on a peninsula of the same name. Jaffna is approximately six miles away from Kandarodai which served as a famous emporium in the Jaffna peninsula from classical...

 during his younger years, taking up music studies before the age of five. He began training in violin under the tutelage of his father, Professor V. Lakshminarayana. “Mani”, as he is fondly known by fellow musicians and his family, gave his first public performance at the age of six.

His brothers are also acclaimed musicians, and include the well-known violinist-composers L. Shankar
L. Shankar
Lakshminarayanan Shankar, also known as L. Shankar and Shenkar, is an Indian-born American violinist, singer and composer.-Early life:...

 (alias. Shenkar), and L. Vaidyanathan
L. Vaidyanathan
Lakshminarayana Vaidyanathan was an acclaimed musicologist, music director and composer, trained in the classical Carnatic music tradition. Vaidyanathan was born to V.Lakshminarayana, and Seethalakshmi, both accomplished musicians; he was also the elder brother of accomplished violinist duo L....

. He has released recordings with both.

Subramaniam developed a passion for music as well as science from a young age, studying Medicine
Medicine
Medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....

 and acquiring his M.B.B.S. at Madras Medical College
Madras Medical College
The Madras Medical College is an educational institution located in Chennai, India. It was established on February 2, 1835. It is the oldest medical college in India, along with the Medical College Kolkata.-History:...

. He registered as a General Practitioner, before deciding to pursue music full-time. He has a Master’s degree in Western classical music, which he acquired at the California Institute of the Arts
California Institute of the Arts
The California Institute of the Arts, commonly referred to as CalArts, is located in Valencia, in Los Angeles County, California. It was incorporated in 1961 as the first degree-granting institution of higher learning in the United States created specifically for students of both the visual and the...

.

Performing career

Since 1973, Subramaniam has amassed over 200 recordings to his credit, releasing several historic solo albums, recording collaborations with musicians Yehudi Menuhin
Yehudi Menuhin
Yehudi Menuhin, Baron Menuhin, OM, KBE was a Russian Jewish American violinist and conductor who spent most of his performing career in the United Kingdom. He was born to Russian Jewish parents in the United States, but became a citizen of Switzerland in 1970, and of the United Kingdom in 1985...

, Stéphane Grappelli
Stéphane Grappelli
Stéphane Grappelli was a French jazz violinist who founded the Quintette du Hot Club de France with guitarist Django Reinhardt in 1934. It was one of the first all-string jazz bands....

, Ruggiero Ricci
Ruggiero Ricci
Ruggiero Ricci is an Italian-American violinist known for performances and recordings of the works of Paganini. He was born in San Bruno, California. Ricci's brother was cellist and his sister Emma played violin with the New York Metropolitan Opera.He is the son of Italian immigrants. His...

 and Jean-Pierre Rampal
Jean-Pierre Rampal
Jean-Pierre Louis Rampal was a French flautist. He has been personally "credited with returning to the flute the popularity as a solo classical instrument it had not held since the 18th century."-Early years:...

, further to making albums and performing with Ruggiero Ricci
Ruggiero Ricci
Ruggiero Ricci is an Italian-American violinist known for performances and recordings of the works of Paganini. He was born in San Bruno, California. Ricci's brother was cellist and his sister Emma played violin with the New York Metropolitan Opera.He is the son of Italian immigrants. His...

, Herbie Hancock
Herbie Hancock
Herbert Jeffrey "Herbie" Hancock is an American pianist, bandleader and composer. As part of Miles Davis's "second great quintet," Hancock helped to redefine the role of a jazz rhythm section and was one of the primary architects of the "post-bop" sound...

, Joe Sample
Joe Sample
Joseph Leslie "Joe" Sample is an American pianist, keyboard player and composer.He is one of the founding members of the Jazz Crusaders, the band which became simply The Crusaders in 1971, and remained a part of the group until its final album in 1991 .- Biography :Sample began playing the piano...

, Jean-Luc Ponty
Jean-Luc Ponty
Jean-Luc Ponty is a French virtuoso violinist and jazz composer.- Early years:Ponty was born into a family of classical musicians on 29 September 1942 in Avranches, France. His father taught violin, his mother taught piano...

, Stanley Clarke
Stanley Clarke
Stanley Clarke is an American jazz musician and composer known for his innovative and influential work on double bass and electric bass guitar as well as for his numerous film and television scores...

 and several others.

He has accompanied highly regarded vocalists in Carnatic music
Carnatic music
Carnatic music is a system of music commonly associated with the southern part of the Indian subcontinent, with its area roughly confined to four modern states of India: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu...

 on stage including Chembai Vaidyanatha Bhagavatar
Chembai Vaidyanatha Bhagavatar
Chembai Vaidyanatha Bhagavatar was a Carnatic music singer from Palakkad . Known by his village name Chembai, or simply as Bhagavatar, he was born to Anantha Bhagavatar and Parvati Ammal in 1896, at Kottayi near Palakkad on Janmashtami day, with Bharani star in the month of Chingam...

, K. V. Narayaswamy, Dr. Pinakapani, Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer
Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer
Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer is considered to be one of the greatest Carnatic vocalists of the twentieth century...

, M. Balamuralikrishna and M. D. Ramanathan. He has also performed many concerts with the venerable Palghat Mani Iyer
Palghat Mani Iyer
Palghat T.S. Mani Iyer was one of the leading mridangists in the field of Carnatic music and the first mridangist to win the Sangeetha Kalanidhi andPadmabhushan awards....

 on the Mridangam, in addition to collaborating with musicians of North Indian Hindustani music and artists of other music systems.

Subramaniam has written works for orchestras, ballets and Hollywood film scores, and written books on music - such as Euphony - in addition to composing symphonys and Carnatic pieces.

In 1983, he composed a Double Concerto for violin and flute which combined western scales with micro intervals
Interval (music)
In music theory, an interval is a combination of two notes, or the ratio between their frequencies. Two-note combinations are also called dyads...

. Another release, “Spring – Rhapsody” was a homage to Bach
Bạch
Bạch is a Vietnamese surname. The name is transliterated as Bai in Chinese and Baek, in Korean.Bach is the anglicized variation of the surname Bạch.-Notable people with the surname Bạch:* Bạch Liêu...

 and Baroque music
Baroque music
Baroque music describes a style of Western Classical music approximately extending from 1600 to 1760. This era follows the Renaissance and was followed in turn by the Classical era...

. Creations with orchestras that have followed include Fantasy on Vedic Chants with the New York Philharmonic
New York Philharmonic
The New York Philharmonic is a symphony orchestra based in New York City in the United States. It is one of the American orchestras commonly referred to as the "Big Five"...

, conducted by Zubin Mehta
Zubin Mehta
Zubin Mehta is an Indian conductor of western classical music. He is the Music Director for Life of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra.-Biography:...

, Turbulence with The Swiss Romande Orchestra
Orchestre de la Suisse Romande
The Orchestre de la Suisse Romande is a Swiss symphony orchestra, based in Geneva at the Victoria Hall...

, “The Concert of Two Violins” with the Oslo Philharmonic, and Global Symphony with the Berlin State Opera
Berlin State Opera
The Staatsoper Unter den Linden is a German opera company. Its permanent home is the opera house on the Unter den Linden boulevard in the Mitte district of Berlin, which also hosts the Staatskapelle Berlin orchestra.-Early years:...

 (broadcast live to 28 nations) among others. He has also performed a concert tour of China, with the Beijing Symphony Orchestra
Beijing Symphony Orchestra
Beijing Symphony Orchestra , founded in 1977, is a classical orchestra in based in Beijing, China.One of its best-known performances was an unfolding of Chinese history and culture performed at Badaling in the Great Wall which was transmitted internationally via satellite.- External links :* *List...

 in Beijing.

His compositions have been used in stage presentations of leading dance companies such as the San Jose Ballet company
Ballet San Jose
Ballet San Jose in San Jose, California, USA, was founded in 1986 as the "San Jose Cleveland Ballet," a co-venture with the ten-year old Cleveland Ballet which offered to the dancers added performing exposure, and each city a ballet company for a moderate, shared investment...

 and the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater
Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater
The Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater is a modern dance company based in New York, New York. It was founded in 1958 by choreographer and dancer Alvin Ailey...

. Subramaniam composed the piece “Shanti Priya” for the Mariinsky Ballet
Mariinsky Ballet
The Mariinsky Ballet is a classical ballet company based at the Mariinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Founded in the 18th century and originally known as the Imperial Russian Ballet, the Mariinsky Ballet is one of the world's leading ballet companies...

.

The release of his albums, including Global Fusion in 1999 have brought Subramaniam widespread critical acclaim, and popularity for his advanced playing. He founded and directs the Lakshminarayana Global Music Festival, a festival based in India. In 2004, he completed a world tour with the festival, including concerts in the US (Lincoln Center, New York), the Asian Pacific region including in Perth, Australia, at the Esplanade, Singapore
Esplanade, Singapore
The Esplanade is a waterfront location just north of the mouth of the Singapore River in downtown Singapore. It is primarily occupied by the Esplanade Park, and was the venue where one of Singapore's largest congregation of satay outlets until their relocation to Clarke Quay as a result of the...

, the Sri Dewan Penang Hall
City Hall, Penang
City Hall is a municipal building in George Town, Penang, which was formerly the seat of the City Council of George Town.Originally built in 1903 as the Municipal Office, Penang, the building was erected at a cost of $100,000 to relieve demand for office space at the adjacent Town Hall, which then...

 in Penang and the Putra World Trade Centre
Putra World Trade Centre
Putra World Trade Centre ' is a main convention and exhibition centre, in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Construction commenced in 1981 and was completed in 1984...

 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Performing with Subramaniam at the festival in January 2005 were violin maestro Arve Tellefsen
Arve Tellefsen
Arve Tellefsen is a Norwegian violinist.He was born and raised in Trondheim, Norway. When he was 6 years old, he began playing the violin in 'Trondheims musikkskole'...

, the Oslo Camerata
Oslo Camerata
The Oslo Camerata is a mostly classical string orchestra based in Oslo, Norway as part of the Barratt Due Institute of Music. Established in 1998, the orchestra consists mostly of professional musicians, with selected Institute students participating in projects...

, jazz
Jazz
Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th...

 legends Stanley Clarke
Stanley Clarke
Stanley Clarke is an American jazz musician and composer known for his innovative and influential work on double bass and electric bass guitar as well as for his numerous film and television scores...

, George Duke
George Duke
George Duke is a multi-faceted American musician, known as a keyboard pioneer, composer, singer and producer in both jazz and popular mainstream musical genres. He has worked with numerous acclaimed artists as arranger, music director, writer and co-writer, record producer and professor of music...

, Al Jarreau
Al Jarreau
Alwin "Al" Lopez Jarreau is a seven-time Grammy Award winning jazz singer.- Background :Jarreau was born in Milwaukee, the fifth of six children. His web site refers to Reservoir, Inc., the name of the street where he lived. His father was a Seventh-Day Adventist Church minister and singer, and...

, Earl Klugh
Earl Klugh
Earl Klugh is an American smooth jazz/crossover jazz/jazz fusion guitarist and composer.At the age of 13, Klugh was captivated by the guitar playing of Chet Atkins when Atkins made an appearance on the Perry Como Show. Klugh was a performing guest on several of Atkins' albums...

 and Ravi Coltrane
Ravi Coltrane
Ravi Coltrane is an American post-bop jazz saxophonist. Co-owner of the record label RKM Music, he has produced artists such as pianist Luis Perdomo , guitarist David Gilmore and trumpeter Ralph Alessi....

.

More recently, in September 2007, Subramaniam premiered and played “The Freedom Symphony” with the Fairfax Symphony Orchestra
Fairfax Symphony Orchestra
The Fairfax Symphony Orchestra has emerged over the years as one of the finest metropolitan orchestras in the U.S. Hailed as "the pride of Fairfax County," the orchestra has showcased the greatest works in the orchestral repertoire during its annual concert seasons and through many...

, Warrenton Chorale and Carnatic percussionists, which led to a strongly favourable ovation and an encore piece “Flight of the Humble Bee”. He was at Muscat for the first time where he played with leading musicians on February 7 at the Muscat Intercontinental. Subramaniam is on the advisory board of composer A. R. Rahman
A. R. Rahman
Allah Rakha Rahman is an Indian composer, singer-songwriter, record producer, musician, and philanthropist. Described as the world's most prominent and prolific film composer by Time, his works are notable for integrating eastern classical music with electronic music sounds, world music genres and...

's KM Music Conservatory in Kodambakkam, Chennai.

The renowned violinist Yehudi Menuhin
Yehudi Menuhin
Yehudi Menuhin, Baron Menuhin, OM, KBE was a Russian Jewish American violinist and conductor who spent most of his performing career in the United Kingdom. He was born to Russian Jewish parents in the United States, but became a citizen of Switzerland in 1970, and of the United Kingdom in 1985...

 said of Subramaniam:

Film career

He composed the film scores for the films Salaam Bombay (1988) and Mississippi Masala
Mississippi Masala
Mississippi Masala is a romantic drama film directed by Mira Nair, based upon a screenplay by Sooni Taraporevala, starring Denzel Washington, Sarita Choudhury, and Roshan Seth. Set primarily in rural Mississippi, the film explores interracial romance between African Americans and Indian Americans...

(1991) directed by Mira Nair
Mira Nair
Mira Nair is an Indian film director and producer based in New York. Her production company is Mirabai Films.She was educated at Delhi University and Harvard University. Her debut feature film, Salaam Bombay! , won the Golden Camera award at the Cannes Film Festival and also earned the nomination...

, in addition to being the featured violin soloist in Bernardo Bertolucci
Bernardo Bertolucci
Bernardo Bertolucci is an Italian film director and screenwriter, whose films include The Conformist, Last Tango in Paris, 1900, The Last Emperor and The Dreamers...

's Little Buddha
Little Buddha
Little Buddha is a 1994 feature film by Italian director Bernardo Bertolucci, starring Bridget Fonda and Keanu Reeves. Made by Bertolucci's regular partner, British producer Jeremy Thomas, it marked the team's return to the East after The Last Emperor....

(1993) and Cotton Mary
Cotton Mary
Cotton Mary is a 1999 film directed by Ismail Merchant, best known as the producer half of Merchant Ivory and Madhur Jaffrey, actress and author of cookery books. It was filmed in India.-Plot:...

(1999) of Merchant-Ivory productions.

Awards and recognition

Throughout his career L. Subramaniam has won several awards and accolades. Declared "Violin Chakravarthy" – Emperor of Violinists by the Governor of Madras, he received a Grammy nomination in 1981. In 1996, he received the "Best Composer Award/Commission" from the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation NRK P2 radio channel. Subramaniam received a Special Medal of Honour from HH King Birendra of Nepal
Birendra of Nepal
Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev was a King of Nepal. The son of King Mahendra, whom he succeeded in 1972, he reigned until his death in the 2001 Nepalese royal massacre...

 in 1997, following a performance celebrating 25 years of the king's reign. He was awarded the Padma Shri
Padma Shri
Padma Shri is the fourth highest civilian award in the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna, the Padma Vibhushan and the Padma Bhushan...

 in 1988 and Padma Bhushan
Padma Bhushan
The Padma Bhushan is the third highest civilian award in the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan, but comes before the Padma Shri. It is awarded by the Government of India.-History:...

 in 2001. In recognition of his contribution to music, the University of Madras
University of Madras
The University of Madras is a public research university in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is one of the three oldest universities in India...

 in 2004, the Bangalore University
Bangalore University
Bangalore University is a public university located in Bangalore, Karnataka State, India. The university is one of the oldest in India, dating back to 1886...

 in 2003 and the University of Sheffield
University of Sheffield
The University of Sheffield is a research university based in the city of Sheffield in South Yorkshire, England. It is one of the original 'red brick' universities and is a member of the Russell Group of leading research intensive universities...

 in 2008, all conferred him with Honorary Doctorates.

Personal life

Subramaniam was married to Viji Subramanian, who died on 9 February 1995 and since November 1999 has been married to the Indian playback singer Kavita Krishnamoorthy. He continues to perform pieces with his daughter Seetaa Subramaniam, violin duets with his son, Ambi Subramaniam, a featured soloist in “Astral Symphony,” and has further recorded and given several concerts with Krishnamoorthy. His elder son Narayana is studying medicine and performs duets with his mother, Kavita Krishnamoorthy. His daughter Seetaa Subramaniam got recently married in Kerala [Palakkad] with Mr.Premsai a software professional.

Discography

  • Garland (1978) (L. Subramaniam featuring Svend Asmussen)
  • Fantasy without Limits (1980)
  • The Virtuoso Violin Of South India: Subramaniam (1981 Licenced by MAI,Oslo,Norway/Lyrichord Disc Inc.)
  • Blossom (1981) With Herbie Hancock and Larry Coryell (Crusader/MCA Records)
  • Spanish Wave (1983 and 1991, Milestone Records
    Milestone Records
    Milestone Records is a United States based jazz record label, founded in 1966 by Orrin Keepnews and Dick Katz in New York City. The company was incorporated into Fantasy Records in 1972, since then it has been used for reissues as well as for new recordings....

    )
  • The Irresistable Dr L. Subramanium (Oriental Records)
  • Indian Classcial Masters: Three Ragas for Solo Violin (1991 and 1992, Nimbus Records)
  • Kalyani (1996, Water Lily Acoustics)
  • Raga Hemavathi (Nimbus Records)
  • Distant Visions
  • Pacific Rendezvous (1996, Manu)
  • Indian Express / Mani & Co. featuring Maynard Ferguson
    Maynard Ferguson
    Maynard Ferguson was a Canadian jazz musician and bandleader. He came to prominence playing in Stan Kenton's orchestra, before forming his own band in 1957...

     (1999, Milestone)
  • Global Fusion (1999, Elektra Records)
  • Electric Modes Volumes 1 & 2 (Water Lily Acoustics)

Collaborations with other artists

  • L. Subramaniam with Stéphane Grappelli: Conversations (1992, Milestone)
  • L. Subramaniam and Yehudi Menhuin: L. Subramaniam and Yehudi Menhuin in New York
  • L. Subramaniam and Larry Coryell: From the Ashes (1999, Water Lily Acoustics)
  • L. Subramaniam and Ali Akbar Khan: Duet (1996, Delos Records)
  • L. Subramaniam with Yehudi Menhuin and Stéphane Grappelli: All the Worlds Violins (1993)
  • Lakshminarayana Global Music Festival (Double CD) (Sony Music)
  • L. Subramaniam with Karsten Vogel : Meetings (2007, Calibrated)


l.subramaniam ,mani and co \milestone,1986\

Live albums

  • L. Subramaniam: Live in Moscow (1988 and 2000, BMG / Viji Records)
  • L. Subramaniam en Concert (1995, Ocora)
  • L. Subramaniam: Live in France
  • L. Subramaniam: Live in Geneva

Composer

  • Salaam Bombay!
    Salaam Bombay!
    Salaam Bombay! is a 1988 Hindi film directed by Mira Nair, and screenwritten by her longtime creative collaborator, Sooni Taraporevala. The film chronicles the day-to-day life of children living on the streets of Bombay...

    (1988) (composer, music arranger, musician: violinist)
  • Mississippi Masala
    Mississippi Masala
    Mississippi Masala is a romantic drama film directed by Mira Nair, based upon a screenplay by Sooni Taraporevala, starring Denzel Washington, Sarita Choudhury, and Roshan Seth. Set primarily in rural Mississippi, the film explores interracial romance between African Americans and Indian Americans...

    (1991) (composer, musician: violin, violin synthesizers, percussions)

Soloist

  • Little Buddha
    Little Buddha
    Little Buddha is a 1994 feature film by Italian director Bernardo Bertolucci, starring Bridget Fonda and Keanu Reeves. Made by Bertolucci's regular partner, British producer Jeremy Thomas, it marked the team's return to the East after The Last Emperor....

    (1993) (violinist)
  • Kama Sutra: A Tale of Love
    Kama Sutra: A Tale of Love
    Kama Sutra: A Tale of Love is a 1996 American drama film directed by Mira Nair. The film takes its title from the ancient Indian text, the Kama Sutra, but this only serves as a common link between the characters....

    (1996) (violinist)
  • Cotton Mary
    Cotton Mary
    Cotton Mary is a 1999 film directed by Ismail Merchant, best known as the producer half of Merchant Ivory and Madhur Jaffrey, actress and author of cookery books. It was filmed in India.-Plot:...

    (1999) (violinist)

Additional soundtracks

  • Peace One Day
    Peace One Day
    Peace One Day was founded by British documentary filmmaker and actor Jeremy Gilley in September 1999. The charity promotes the idea of one day a year free of conflict and war, one day of a global truce regardless of all kinds of conflict. The UN had already declared the third Tuesday of September...

    (2004) (composer, performer: "Gypsy Trail")
  • Baraka
    Baraka (film)
    Baraka is a 1992 non-narrative film directed by Ron Fricke. The title Baraka is a word that means blessing in a multitude of languages....

    (1992) (performer: "Wandering Saint")

On Subramaniam

  • L. Subramaniam: Violin From the Heart (1999). Directed by Jean Henri Meunier.

External links

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