Leopold I (
Leopold George Christian Frederick; ;
Prince of Saxe-Coburg-SaalfeldThe Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld was one of the Saxon Duchies held by the Ernestine line of the Wettin Dynasty. Established in the 17th century, the Saxe-Coburg-Saalfield line lasted until the reshuffle of Ernestine territories that occurred following the extinction of the Saxe-Gotha line in...
, later
Prince of Saxe-Coburg and GothaSaxe-Coburg and Gotha or Saxe-Coburg-Gotha served as the name of the two German duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in Germany, in the present-day states of Bavaria and Thuringia, which were in personal union between 1826 and 1918....
,
Duke of Saxony; 16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was from 21 July 1831 the first King of the Belgians. He was the founder of the Belgian line of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. His children included
Leopold II of BelgiumLeopold II was King of the Belgians. Born in Brussels the second son of Leopold I and Louise-Marie of Orléans, he succeeded his father to the throne in 1865 and remained king until his death. He was the brother of Empress Carlota of Mexico and first cousin to Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom...
and
Empress Carlota of MexicoCharlotte of Belgium , as Charlotte , Empress of Mexico was the consort of Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico, Archduke of Austria.-Princess of Belgium:The only daughter of Leopold I, King of the Belgians by his second wife,...
. He was also an uncle of
QueenA queen regnant is a qualifying reference to a female monarch possessing and exercising all of the monarchical powers of a ruler, in contrast to a "queen consort", who is the wife of a male reigning as monarch and who is without any official powers of state.In Ancient Egypt, Pacific cultures, and...
VictoriaVictoria was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and the first Empress of India of the British Raj from 1 May 1876, until her death...
of the
United KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
.
He was born in
CoburgCoburg is a town located on the Itz River in Bavaria, Germany. Its 2005 population was 42,015. Long one of the Thuringian states of the Wettin line, it joined with Bavaria by popular vote in 1920...
and died in Laeken.
He was the youngest son of
Franz Frederick Anton, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-SaalfeldFranz Frederick Anton, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld , was a duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. He is a direct ancestor of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, Leopold II of Belgium, Carlota of Mexico, Albert II of Belgium, Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, and Simeon B...
and Countess
Augusta Reuss-EbersdorfCountess Augusta Caroline Reuss of Ebersdorf , was by marriage a duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld...
, and later became a prince of
Saxe-Coburg and GothaSaxe-Coburg and Gotha or Saxe-Coburg-Gotha served as the name of the two German duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in Germany, in the present-day states of Bavaria and Thuringia, which were in personal union between 1826 and 1918....
after the territorial swap by his father of Ehrenburg Castle in the
BavariaBavaria , with an area of and almost 12.5 million inhabitants, is located in the southeast of Germany and is the largest state of Germany by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
n town of
CoburgCoburg is a district in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Kronach, Lichtenfels, Bamberg and Haßberge, and by the state of Thuringia . The district is surrounding, but not including the city of Coburg.- History :The history of the district is largely influenced by the city of Coburg...
.
In 1795, as a mere child, Leopold was appointed
colonelColonel is a military rank of a commissioned officer, with corresponding ranks existing in almost every country in the world. It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
of the Izmaylovsky Imperial Regiment in
RussiaRussia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
.
Leopold I (
Leopold George Christian Frederick; ;
Prince of Saxe-Coburg-SaalfeldThe Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld was one of the Saxon Duchies held by the Ernestine line of the Wettin Dynasty. Established in the 17th century, the Saxe-Coburg-Saalfield line lasted until the reshuffle of Ernestine territories that occurred following the extinction of the Saxe-Gotha line in...
, later
Prince of Saxe-Coburg and GothaSaxe-Coburg and Gotha or Saxe-Coburg-Gotha served as the name of the two German duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in Germany, in the present-day states of Bavaria and Thuringia, which were in personal union between 1826 and 1918....
,
Duke of Saxony; 16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was from 21 July 1831 the first King of the Belgians. He was the founder of the Belgian line of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. His children included
Leopold II of BelgiumLeopold II was King of the Belgians. Born in Brussels the second son of Leopold I and Louise-Marie of Orléans, he succeeded his father to the throne in 1865 and remained king until his death. He was the brother of Empress Carlota of Mexico and first cousin to Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom...
and
Empress Carlota of MexicoCharlotte of Belgium , as Charlotte , Empress of Mexico was the consort of Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico, Archduke of Austria.-Princess of Belgium:The only daughter of Leopold I, King of the Belgians by his second wife,...
. He was also an uncle of
QueenA queen regnant is a qualifying reference to a female monarch possessing and exercising all of the monarchical powers of a ruler, in contrast to a "queen consort", who is the wife of a male reigning as monarch and who is without any official powers of state.In Ancient Egypt, Pacific cultures, and...
VictoriaVictoria was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and the first Empress of India of the British Raj from 1 May 1876, until her death...
of the
United KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
.
He was born in
CoburgCoburg is a town located on the Itz River in Bavaria, Germany. Its 2005 population was 42,015. Long one of the Thuringian states of the Wettin line, it joined with Bavaria by popular vote in 1920...
and died in Laeken.
Early life
He was the youngest son of
Franz Frederick Anton, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-SaalfeldFranz Frederick Anton, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld , was a duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. He is a direct ancestor of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, Leopold II of Belgium, Carlota of Mexico, Albert II of Belgium, Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, and Simeon B...
and Countess
Augusta Reuss-EbersdorfCountess Augusta Caroline Reuss of Ebersdorf , was by marriage a duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld...
, and later became a prince of
Saxe-Coburg and GothaSaxe-Coburg and Gotha or Saxe-Coburg-Gotha served as the name of the two German duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in Germany, in the present-day states of Bavaria and Thuringia, which were in personal union between 1826 and 1918....
after the territorial swap by his father of Ehrenburg Castle in the
BavariaBavaria , with an area of and almost 12.5 million inhabitants, is located in the southeast of Germany and is the largest state of Germany by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
n town of
CoburgCoburg is a district in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Kronach, Lichtenfels, Bamberg and Haßberge, and by the state of Thuringia . The district is surrounding, but not including the city of Coburg.- History :The history of the district is largely influenced by the city of Coburg...
.
In 1795, as a mere child, Leopold was appointed
colonelColonel is a military rank of a commissioned officer, with corresponding ranks existing in almost every country in the world. It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
of the Izmaylovsky Imperial Regiment in
RussiaRussia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. Seven years later he became a
major generalMajor General or Major-General is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of Sergeant Major General. A Major General is a high-ranking officer, normally subordinate to the rank of Lieutenant General and senior to the ranks of Brigadier and Brigadier General...
. When Napoleonic troops occupied the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg in 1806 Leopold went to
ParisParis is the capital of France and the country's most populous city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
NapoléonNapoleon Bonaparte later known as Napoleon I, and previously Napoleone di Buonaparte, was a military and political leader of France whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century.Born in Corsica and trained as an artillery officer in mainland France, Bonaparte rose to prominence...
offered him the position of adjutant, but he refused. Instead he took up a military career in the Imperial Russian cavalry. He campaigned against Napoléon, and distinguished himself at the
Battle of KulmThe Battle of Kulm was a battle near the town Kulm and the village Přestanov in northern Bohemia. It was fought on August 29-30 1813, during the War of the Sixth Coalition...
at the head of his
cuirassierCuirassiers were mounted cavalry soldiers equipped with armour and firearms, first appearing in late 15th-century Europe. They were the successors of the medieval armoured knights...
division. In 1815, at the age of 25, Leopold reached the rank of
lieutenant generalLieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the second in command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a Captain General....
in the
Imperial Russian ArmyThe Imperial Russian Army was the land armed force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917.-Precursors: Regiments of the New Order:...
.
In
Carlton HouseCarlton House was a mansion in London, best known as the town residence of the Prince Regent for several decades from 1783. It faced the south side of Pall Mall, and its gardens abutted St. James's Park in the St James's district of London...
on 2 May 1816, he married
Princess Charlotte Augusta of WalesPrincess Charlotte Augusta of Wales was the only child of King George IV of the United Kingdom , and Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Charlotte married Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld on 2 May 1816 at Carlton House, London...
, the only legitimate child of the British Prince Regent (later King
George IV of the United KingdomGeorge IV was the king of Hanover and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from the death of his father, George III, on 29 January 1820 until his own death ten years later...
) and therefore heiress to the British throne, and was created a
British field-marshalField Marshal is the highest military rank of the United Kingdom, a five-star rank. It ranks immediately above the rank of General and is the British Army equivalent to an Admiral of the Fleet and Marshal of the Royal Air Force....
and
Knight of the GarterThe Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry, or knighthood, originating in medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms; it is the pinnacle of the honours system in the United Kingdom...
. On 5 November 1817, Princess Charlotte was delivered of a stillborn son; she herself died the following day. Had she lived, she would have become Queen of the United Kingdom on the death of her father, and Leopold presumably would have assumed the role later taken by his nephew, Prince Albert, as Prince Consort of Great Britain, and never chosen King of the Belgians. Despite Charlotte's death, the Prince Regent granted Prince Leopold the British style of
Royal Highness by
Order-in-CouncilAn Order-in-Council is a type of legislation in many countries, typically those in the Commonwealth of Nations. In the United Kingdom this legislation is formally made in the name of the Queen by the Privy Council , but in other countries the terminology may vary.-Assent:Although the Orders are...
on 6 April 1818. In honour of his first wife, Leopold and
Louise-Marie of France|align=right|Louise Marie Thérèse Charlotte Isabelle d'Orléans, called Louise-Marie of France was a princesse d'Orléans, and Queen of the Belgians as the wife of King Leopold I...
, his second wife, named their first daughter Charlotte, who would later become
Empress Carlota of MexicoCharlotte of Belgium , as Charlotte , Empress of Mexico was the consort of Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico, Archduke of Austria.-Princess of Belgium:The only daughter of Leopold I, King of the Belgians by his second wife,...
.
On 2 July 1829, Leopold participated in nuptials of doubtful validity (a private marriage-contract with no religious or public ceremony) with the actress
Caroline BauerCaroline Bauer was an actress who used the name Lina Bauer. She was the daughter of Heinrich Bauer and Christiane Stockmar, . Caroline's siblings were Lottchen, Karl and Louis...
, created
Countess of Montgomery, a cousin of his advisor, Christian Friedrich Freiherr von Stockmar. The 'marriage' reportedly ended in 1831 and the following year he married Louise-Marie at the
Château de CompiègneThe Château de Compiègne is a French château, a royal residence built for Louis XV and restored by Napoleon. Compiègne was one of three seats of royal government, the others being Versailles and Fontainebleau...
, in
CompiègneCompiègne is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.The city is located along the Oise River. Its inhabitants are called Compiégnois.-Administration:Compiègne is the seat of three cantons*Compiègne-Nord...
,
FranceFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
, on 9 August 1832.
King of the Belgians
After
BelgiumThe Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
asserted its independence from the
NetherlandsThe Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
on 4 October 1830, the Belgian National Congress, considered several candidates and eventually asked Leopold to become king of the newly formed country. He was elected on 4 June and accepted and became "King of the Belgians" on 26 June 1831. He swore allegiance to the constitution in front of
Saint Jacob's ChurchThe Church of Saint Jacques-sur-Coudenberg is a neoclassical church located in the historic square of Place Royale near the center of Brussels, Belgium.-History:...
on the
Place RoyaleThe Place Royale , Koningsplein , or Royal Square , is a historic square near the center of Brussels, Belgium.-History:...
in
BrusselsBrussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the de facto capital city of the European Union and the largest urban area in Belgium...
on 21 July 1831. This day became the Belgian national holiday.
Jules Van PraetJules Van Praet was a Belgian diplomat and personal secretary of King Leopold I of Belgium. He was born in Bruges, and died in Brussels aged 81.-Source:* *...
would become his personal secretary.
Less than two weeks later, on 2 August, the
NetherlandsThe Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
invaded
BelgiumThe Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
. Skirmishes continued for eight years, but in 1839 the two countries signed the Treaty of London establishing
BelgiumThe Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
's independence.
With the opening of the railway line between
BrusselsBrussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the de facto capital city of the European Union and the largest urban area in Belgium...
and
MechelenMechelen is a Dutch-speaking city and municipality in the province of Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium...
on 5 May 1835, one of King Leopold's fondest hopes—to build the first railway in continental Europe—became a reality.
In 1840, Leopold
arranged the marriageArranged marriage is a marriage arranged by someone other than the couple getting wedded, curtailing or avoiding the process of courtship. Such marriages had deep roots in royal and aristocratic families around the world, including Europe. Today, arranged marriage is still practiced in South...
of his niece,
Queen VictoriaVictoria was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and the first Empress of India of the British Raj from 1 May 1876, until her death...
, the daughter of his sister,
Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-SaalfeldPrincess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld was the mother of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.-Early life:...
, to his nephew, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, son of his brother,
Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and GothaErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, formerly Ernest III, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld was the duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and from 1826, the first sovereign duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha....
. Even before she succeeded to the throne, Leopold had been advising the then-Princess Victoria by letter, and after her accession, he was one of the great influences on her in the early days of her monarchy.
In 1842, Leopold tried unsuccessfully to pass laws to regulate female and
child laborChild labour refers to the employment of children at regular and sustained labour. This practice is considered exploitative by many international organizations and is illegal in many countries...
. A wave of revolutions passed over
EuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus Mountains , and the Black Sea to the southeast...
after the deposition of King
Louis-PhilippeLouis-Philippe I was King of the French from 1830 to 1848 in what was known as the July Monarchy. He was the last king to rule France, although Napoleon III, styled as an emperor, would serve as its last monarch....
from the French throne in 1848.
BelgiumThe Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
remained neutral, mainly because of Leopold's diplomatic efforts.
He was the 649th
KnightA knight was a "gentleman soldier" or member of the warrior class of the Middle Ages in Europe. In other Indo-European languages, cognates of cavalier or rider are more prevalent suggesting a connection to the knight's mode of transport...
of the
Order of the GarterThe Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry, or knighthood, originating in medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms; it is the pinnacle of the honours system in the United Kingdom...
in 1816, the 947th
KnightA knight was a "gentleman soldier" or member of the warrior class of the Middle Ages in Europe. In other Indo-European languages, cognates of cavalier or rider are more prevalent suggesting a connection to the knight's mode of transport...
of the
Order of the Golden FleeceNOT to be confused with the Golden Fleece Award.The Order of the Golden Fleece is an order of chivalry founded in Bruges in 1430 by Duke Philip III of Burgundy to celebrate his marriage to the Portuguese princess Isabel of Aviz.- Origin :...
in
SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
in 1835 and the 35th
Grand CrossThe phrase Grand Cross is used to denote the highest grade in many orders of knighthood. Sometimes the holders of the highest grade are referred to "knights grand cross" or just "grand crosses"; in other cases the actual insignia itself is called "the grand cross".Alternatively, in some other...
of the
Order of the Tower and SwordThe Military Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of Valour, Loyalty and Merit is a Portuguese order of knighthood and the pinnacle of the Portuguese honours system, and it was created by King Afonso V in 1459....
.
On 11 October 1850, Leopold again lost a young wife, as Queen Louise-Marie died of tuberculosis at age 38.
Leopold also had two sons, George and Arthur, by a mistress, Arcadia Meyer née Claret. George was born in 1849 (before the death of Queen Louise-Marie), and Arthur was born in 1852. After Leopold's death, each of the two sons were created Freiherr von Eppinghoven (in 1862), and in 1863 Arcadia was created Baronin von Eppinghoven.
At 11:45 am on 10 December 1865, the king died in
LakenLaken or Laeken is a residential suburb in north-west Brussels , Belgium. It belongs to the municipality of the City of Brussels.-Pronunciation:* Dutch: * French:...
at the age of 74. He lies buried in the Royal vault at the Church of Our Lady, Laken Cemetery,
BrusselsBrussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the de facto capital city of the European Union and the largest urban area in Belgium...
,
BelgiumThe Kingdom of Belgium is a country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters, as well as those of other major international organizations, including NATO...
.
Ancestry
Leopold's ancestors in three generations
| Leopold I of Belgium |
Father:
Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld |
Paternal Grandfather:
Ernest Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld |
Paternal Great-grandfather:
Francis Josias, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld |
Paternal Great-grandmother:
Anna Sophie, Princess of Schwarzburg-RudolstadtAnna Sophie, Princess of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt was a princess of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt.She was the daughter of Ludwig Friedrich I, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and Anna Sophie, Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg .-Ancestry: -Family:On 2 January 1723 she married Franz Josias,...
|
Paternal Grandmother:
Sophia Antonia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |
Paternal Great-grandfather:
Ferdinand Albert II of Brunswick-WolfenbüttelFerdinand Albert , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was an officer in the army of the Holy Roman Empire...
|
Paternal Great-grandmother:
Antoinetta Amelia of Wolfenbüttel-Blackenburg |
Mother:
Augusta Reuss-EbersdorfCountess Augusta Caroline Reuss of Ebersdorf , was by marriage a duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld...
|
Maternal Grandfather:
Count Heinrich XXIV Reuss of Ebersdorf and LobensteinHeinrich XXIV, Count of Reuss-Ebersdorf , was a German prince of the House of Reuss-Ebersdorf....
|
Maternal Great-grandfather:
Heinrich XXIII Reuss of Ebersdorf and Lobenstein |
Maternal Great-grandmother:
Sophie Theodora of Castell-Remlingen |
Maternal Grandmother:
Karoline Ernestine of Erbach-Schönberg |
Maternal Great-grandfather:
Georg August of Erbach-Schönberg |
Maternal Great-grandmother:
Ferdinande Henriette of Stolberg-Gedern |
Patrilineal descent
Descent before Conrad the Great is taken from
http://fabpedigree.com/s056/f354285.htm and may be inaccurate.
House of Wettin
- Burkhard I, Duke of Thuringia, d. 870
- Burchard, Duke of Thuringia
Burchard was the Duke of Thuringia from shortly after 892 until his death. He replaced Poppo as duke shortly after his appointment in 892, but the reasons for Poppo's leaving office are unknown. Burchard may have been a Swabian.In 908 he led a large army in battle against the Magyars...
, 836 - 908
- (possibly) Burkhard III of Grabfeldgau, 866 - 913
- Dedi I, Count of Hessegau, 896 - 957
- (probably) Dietrich I of Wettin, d. 976
- (possibly) Dedi II, Count of Hessegau, 946 - 1009
- Dietrich II of Wettin, 991 - 1034
- Thimo I of Wettin, d. 1099
- Thimo II the Brave, Count of Wettin, d. 1118
- Conrad, Margrave of Meissen
Conrad the Great was the Margrave of Meissen from 1123 until his retirement in 1156. He was the son of Thimo, Count of Brehna, of the House of Wettin and Ida, daughter of Otto of Nordheim. He was also Count of Wettin, Brehna, and Camburg from before 1116...
, 1098 - 1157
- Otto II, Margrave of Meissen
Otto II was the Margrave of Meissen from 1157 until his death in 1190. His father was Conrad the Great and his son was Dietrich I, Margrave of Meissen....
, 1125 - 1190
- Dietrich I, Margrave of Meissen, 1162 - 1221
- Henry III, Margrave of Meissen
Henry III, der Erlauchte or Henry the Illustrious , Margrave of Meissen; the last Margrave of Lusatia as Henry IV; and Landgrave of Thuringia, son of Dietrich, Margrave of Meissen and Jutta of Thuringia.Henry was the youngest son of Dietrich of Meissen and Jutta of Thuringia...
, c. 1215 - 1288
- Albert II, Margrave of Meissen
Albert II, the Degenerate , was a Margrave of Meissen, Landgrave of Thuringia and Count Palatine of Saxony...
, 1240 - 1314
- Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen
Frederick I, called the Brave or the Bitten was margrave of Meissen and landgrave of Thuringia.-Life:...
, 1257 - 1323
- Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen, 1310 - 1349
- Frederick III, Landgrave of Thuringia
Friedrich III, der Strenge , Landgrave of Thuringia and Margrave of Meissen, son of Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen and Matilde of Bavaria....
, 1332 - 1381
- Frederick I, Elector of Saxony
Frederick IV, Margrave of Meissen and Elector of Saxony was Margrave of Meissen and Elector of Saxony from 1381 until his death. He is not to be confused with his cousin Frederick IV, Landgrave of Thuringia, the son of Balthasar, Landgrave of Thuringia...
, 1370 - 1428
- Frederick II, Elector of Saxony
Frederick II, Elector of Saxony was Elector of Saxony and was Landgrave of Thuringia .-Biography:...
, 1412 - 1464
- Ernest, Elector of Saxony
Ernst, Elector of Saxony was Elector of Saxony from 1464 to 1486.-Biography:Ernst was founder of the Ernestine line of Saxon princes, ancestor of George I of Great Britain, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, as well as his wife and cousin Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, and their...
, 1441 - 1486
- John, Elector of Saxony
John, Elector of Saxony, known as John the Steadfast or John the Constant was Elector of Saxony from 1525 until 1532...
, 1468 - 1532
- John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony, 1503 - 1554
- Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, 1530 - 1573
- John II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, 1570 - 1605
- Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha
Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Altenburg, called "the Pious" , was a duke of Saxe-Gotha and, by marriage, became also Duke of Saxe-Altenburg...
, 1601 - 1675
- John Ernest IV, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, 1658 - 1729
- Francis Josias, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, 1697 - 1764
- Ernest Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, 1724 - 1800
- Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, 1750 - 1806
See also
- Kings of Belgium family tree
- Leopold I of Belgium was honoured by a 12.50 euro commemorative coin in 2006. The obverse of the 175th Anniversary of the Belgian Dynasty Coin shows his portrait facing left.
- Crown Council of Belgium
The Crown Council of Belgium is composed of the King of the Belgians, the Ministers and the Ministers of State. The King chairs the Crown Council...
- Louis-Joseph Seutin
Louis Joseph Seutin was a Belgian doctor, surgeon and professor at the Université Libre de Bruxelles.Born in Nivelles, he studied medicine and took part in the Battle of Waterloo as a doctor. After the Belgian Revolution in 1830, he became the personal doctor of king Leopold I and Head Doctor of...
(1793-1862), personal doctor.
Sources
External links