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Kosovo Province, Ottoman Empire
 
 
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The Province of Kosovo (Vilayet of Kosovo) (; ; Macedonian
Macedonian language

Macedonian is the official language of the Republic of Macedonia and is a part of the Eastern group of South Slavic languages. Macedonian is closely related to and shares a high degree of mutual intelligibility with the Bulgarian language, Serbian language, Bosnian language, and Croatian language languages....
: ???????? ?? ??????, Pokraina na Kosovo; Serbian
Serbian language

name=Serbian|nativename=|pronunciation=['sr?pski?]|familycolor=Indo-European|map=|states=See below under "Official status", besides that in Croatia and as an immigrant's language spread over Central Europe and Western Europe, as well as Northern America...
: ???????? ???????, Kosovski vilajet) was a vilayet of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299?1923. It was Treaty of Lausanne by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923....
 in the Balkan Peninsula only roughly corresponding to the current region of Kosovo
Kosovo

Kosovo is a disputed region in the Balkans. Its majority is governed by the partially-recognised Republic of Kosovo . Serbia does not recognise the secession of Kosovo and considers it a United Nations-governed entity within its sovereign territory, the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija that was re-created by Slobodan M...
 and the western part of the Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia

The Republic of Macedonia , , often referred to simply as Macedonia, is a landlocked country on the Balkans in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Serbia to the north, Bulgaria to the east, Greece to the south and Albania to the west....
, where other Ethnic Albanians
Ethnic Albanians

Ethnic Albanians may refer to:* Albanian people, persons from Albania or of Albanian ancestry* Albanian diaspora - emigrants of Albania and their descendants, and Albanians living abroad...
 lived. It was created from the former Rumelia
Rumelia

Rumelia or Rumeli is a Turkish name, used from the 15th century onwards, for the southern Balkan regions of the Ottoman Empire. "Rumeli" literally translates as "land of the Romans", in reference to the Byzantine Empire, the former dominant power in the area....
 Province as part of an Ottoman administrative reform law of 1864.






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The Province of Kosovo (Vilayet of Kosovo) (; ; Macedonian
Macedonian language

Macedonian is the official language of the Republic of Macedonia and is a part of the Eastern group of South Slavic languages. Macedonian is closely related to and shares a high degree of mutual intelligibility with the Bulgarian language, Serbian language, Bosnian language, and Croatian language languages....
: ???????? ?? ??????, Pokraina na Kosovo; Serbian
Serbian language

name=Serbian|nativename=|pronunciation=['sr?pski?]|familycolor=Indo-European|map=|states=See below under "Official status", besides that in Croatia and as an immigrant's language spread over Central Europe and Western Europe, as well as Northern America...
: ???????? ???????, Kosovski vilajet) was a vilayet of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299?1923. It was Treaty of Lausanne by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923....
 in the Balkan Peninsula only roughly corresponding to the current region of Kosovo
Kosovo

Kosovo is a disputed region in the Balkans. Its majority is governed by the partially-recognised Republic of Kosovo . Serbia does not recognise the secession of Kosovo and considers it a United Nations-governed entity within its sovereign territory, the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija that was re-created by Slobodan M...
 and the western part of the Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia

The Republic of Macedonia , , often referred to simply as Macedonia, is a landlocked country on the Balkans in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Serbia to the north, Bulgaria to the east, Greece to the south and Albania to the west....
, where other Ethnic Albanians
Ethnic Albanians

Ethnic Albanians may refer to:* Albanian people, persons from Albania or of Albanian ancestry* Albanian diaspora - emigrants of Albania and their descendants, and Albanians living abroad...
 lived. It was created from the former Rumelia
Rumelia

Rumelia or Rumeli is a Turkish name, used from the 15th century onwards, for the southern Balkan regions of the Ottoman Empire. "Rumeli" literally translates as "land of the Romans", in reference to the Byzantine Empire, the former dominant power in the area....
 Province as part of an Ottoman administrative reform law of 1864. As a result of the Balkan Wars
Balkan Wars

The Balkan Wars were two wars in South-eastern Europe in 1912?1913 in the course of which the Balkan League first conquered Ottoman Empire-held Macedonia , Albania and most of Thrace and then fell out over the division of the spoils....
 of 1912-1913, the province was split between Montenegro
Kingdom of Montenegro

The Kingdom of Montenegro was a kingdom in southeastern Europe.The capital of the kingdom was Cetinje. The currency of the Kingdom was the Montenegrin perper....
, Serbia
Kingdom of Serbia

The Kingdom of Serbia was created when Prince Milan Obrenovic, ruler of the Principality of Serbia, was crowned King in 1882. The Principality of Serbia was ruled by the Karadjordjevic dynasty from 1817 onwards ....
, and Albania
Albania

Albania , officially the Republic of Albania , is a country in Balkans. It is bordered by Greece to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and the Republic of Macedonia to the east....
.

History

Kosovo02
Kosovo03
The Province of Kosovo was an area much larger than today's Kosovo
Kosovo

Kosovo is a disputed region in the Balkans. Its majority is governed by the partially-recognised Republic of Kosovo . Serbia does not recognise the secession of Kosovo and considers it a United Nations-governed entity within its sovereign territory, the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija that was re-created by Slobodan M...
; not only was today's province incorporated into the Ottoman administered district, but also parts of north-western Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia

The Republic of Macedonia , , often referred to simply as Macedonia, is a landlocked country on the Balkans in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Serbia to the north, Bulgaria to the east, Greece to the south and Albania to the west....
 including the capital city, Skopje
Skopje

Skopje is the Capital of and List of cities in the Republic of Macedonia by population in the Republic of Macedonia, with more than a quarter of the population of the country, as well as its political, cultural, economic, and academic centre....
 (then Üsküb). Just as Skopje is larger than Priština today (Kosovo's administrative seat), it was significantly larger then too, although the population in both towns was several times smaller. Skopje was the provincial capital of Kosovo Province as a Turkish vilayet. Kosovo also encompassed sections of the Sandžak
Sandžak

Sand?ak is a region lying along the border between Serbia and Montenegro. It derives its name from the Sanjak of Novi Pazar, a former Ottoman Empire administrative district that existed until the Balkan Wars of 1912....
 region cutting into present-day Central Serbia
Central Serbia

Central Serbia , also referred to as Serbia proper or Narrower Serbia , is the region of Serbia that lies outside the autonomous province of Vojvodina and the disputed region of Kosovo....
 and Montenegro
Montenegro

Montenegro , Montenegrin language/Serbian language: ???? ????, Crna Gora , ) is a country located in Balkans. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the north, Kosovo to the east and Albania to the south....
 along with the Kukës
Kukës

Kuk?s is a town in Albania located at 42.09?N, 20.43?E in the Kuk?s District and Kuk?s County with the same name. It has a population of about 16,000 ....
 municipality and surrounding region in present-day northern Albania
Albania

Albania , officially the Republic of Albania , is a country in Balkans. It is bordered by Greece to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and the Republic of Macedonia to the east....
.

The province's boundaries shifted as the Ottoman Empire lost territory to neighboring states in the Treaty of Berlin
Treaty of Berlin, 1878

The Treaty of Berlin was the final act of the Congress of Berlin , by which the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Austria-Hungary, French Third Republic, German Empire, Kingdom of Italy , Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire under Abdul Hamid II revised the Treaty of San Stefano signed on March 3 of the same year....
 following the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878
Russo-Turkish War, 1877–1878

The Russo-Turkish War of 1877?1878 had its origins in a rise in nationalism in the Balkans as well as in the Russian Empiren goal of recovering territorial losses it had suffered during the Crimean War, reestablishing itself in the Black Sea and following the political movement attempting to free Balkan nations from the Ottoman Empire....
 and parts were also internally transferred to Monastir Province
Monastir Province, Ottoman Empire

Manastir was an Ottoman Wilayah, who was created in 1864. This wilayah compromised present eastern Albania, southwastern Republic of Macedonia and north-west of Greece....
 and from Salonica Province. In 1878, the Sanjak of Novi Pazar
Sanjak of Novi Pazar

The Sanjak of Novi Pazar was an Ottoman Empire sanjak that existed until the Balkan Wars of 1912-1913 in the territory of present day Serbia and Montenegro and serbian province of Kosovo and Metohija under UN jurisdiction....
, a subdivision of the Province of Kosovo, fell under Austro-Hungarian
Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, also known as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Kaiserlich und k?niglich Monarchy was a state in Central Europe ruled by the House of Habsburg, constitutionally a personal union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary....
 military occupation in accord with the Berlin treaty. There it would remain until 1908.

Population


The population of the province had a mixed Serb and Albanian
Albanians

The Albanian people , from southeast Europe, live in Albania and neighbouring countries and speak the Albanian language. About half of Albanians live in Albania, with other large groups residing in Kosovo, the Republic of Macedonia, Serbia, and Montenegro....
 population, with the latter becoming strong majority in the later stage of existence. Most were adherents of Islam
Islam

Islam is a Monotheism, Abrahamic religion originating with the teachings of the Prophets of Islam Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure....
, with significance presence of Eastern Orthodoxy
Eastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian communion in the world with an estimated 225 million members worldwide. It is considered by its adherents to be the Four Marks of the Church established by Jesus Christ and his Apostles nearly 2000 years ago....
 and some Roman Catholicism.

Subdivisions


The province was subdivided into the following sanjak
Sanjak

Sanjaks were administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire. Sanjak, and the variant spellings sandjak, sanjaq, and sinjaq, are English transliterations of the Turkish language word sancak, meaning district, banner or flag....
s (Albanian
Albanian language

Albanian is an Indo-European languages spoken by nearly 6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including the west of the Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, and southern Serbia....
 town names in italics):
  • Üsküb (Skopje) including the towns of Skopje
    Skopje

    Skopje is the Capital of and List of cities in the Republic of Macedonia by population in the Republic of Macedonia, with more than a quarter of the population of the country, as well as its political, cultural, economic, and academic centre....
    , Kumanovo
    Kumanovo

    Kumanovo is th? List of cities in the Republic of Macedonia by population in the Republic of Macedonia and is the seat of Kumanovo Municipality which is the List of municipalities in the Republic of Macedonia by population in the country....
     ; Kacanik
    Kacanik

    Kacanik or Ka?anik is a town and municipality in southern Kosovo, in the District of Uro?evac district. The municipality covers an area of 211 km?, including the town of Kacanik and 31 villages....
     (Kaçanik); Štip
    Štip

    ?tip is the largest city in the eastern part of the Republic of Macedonia. Located at the intersection of the Lakavica, Ovce Pole, and Kocani valleys, it has existed at least 2000 years, and as of 2002, it had a population of about 47,000....
    ; Kratovo
    Kratovo

    Kratovo may refer to:*Kratovo, Republic of Macedonia, a town in the Republic of Macedonia*Kratovo, Russia, an urban-type settlement in Moscow Oblast, Russia...
    ; and Kocani
    Kocani

    Kocani is a town away from Skopje, situated in the Eastern part of the Republic of Macedonia, with population of 28 330. The town of Kocani is the seat of Kocani Municipality....
    .
  • Prizren including the towns of Prizren
    Prizren

    Prizren is a historical city located in southern Kosovo. It is the administrative center of the homonymous municipality and District of Prizren....
     (Pirzerin) and Tetovo
    Tetovo

    Tetovo is a city in the northwestern part of Republic of Macedonia, built on the foothills of ?ar Mountain and divided by the Pena River.The city covers an area of at above sea level, with a population of 86,580 citizens in the municipality.....
     (Kalkandelen) .
  • Ipek (Pec) including the towns of Pec
    Pec

    Pec or Peja is a town and Municipalities of Kosovo in north-western Kosovo, and the administrative centre of the District of Pec.The Serbian language name of the city is Pec ; the Albanian language name's definite form is Peja and the indefinite one Pej?....
     (Ipek), (Albanian: Pejë); Đakovica
    Đakovica

    ?akovica, Djakovica or Gjakova is a city and Municipalities of Kosovo in western Kosovo. It is also the administrative centre of the homonymous District of ?akovica....
     (Yakova) (Albanian: Gjakovë); Gusinje
    Gusinje

    Gusinje...
    , Berane
    Berane

    Berane is a town in north-eastern Montenegro. It has a population of 11,776 .Berane is the centre of the municipality of the same name and one of the centres of Polimlje area, named after Lim River, on which Berane is situated....
    , and Trgovište
    Trgovište

    Trgovi?te is a village and municipality located in the Pcinja District of Serbia. In 2002, the population of the village was 1,864, while population of the municipality was 6,372....
    .
  • Pristine (Priština) including the towns of Priština (Pristine), (Albanian: Prishtinë ); Kosovska Mitrovica
    Kosovska Mitrovica

    Kosovska Mitrovica or Mitrovica is a city and Municipalities of Kosovo in northern Kosovo. It is the administrative centre of the District of Kosovska Mitrovica....
     *(Mitroviça) (Albanian: Mitrovicë ); Vucitrn
    Vucitrn

    Vucitrn or Vushtrri is a city and Municipalities of Kosovo in north-eastern Kosovo. It is the seat of the Mitrovica District. The name of the city means "wolf's thorn", the name of the spiny restharrow plant in Serbian....
     (Velçetrin) (Albanian: Vushtrri), Gnjilane
    Gnjilane

    File:Gnjilane building.jpgGnjilane or Gjilan is a city and Municipalities of Kosovo in eastern Kosovo. It is the administrative center of the District of Gnjilane....
     (Gjilan), and Preševo
    Preševo

    Pre?evo , also known as Presevo and Preshevo, is a town and municipality in Pcinja District of Serbia, bordering the Republic of Macedonia and Kosovo....
     (Presova) (Albanian: Preshevë).
  • Yenipazar
    Sanjak of Novi Pazar

    The Sanjak of Novi Pazar was an Ottoman Empire sanjak that existed until the Balkan Wars of 1912-1913 in the territory of present day Serbia and Montenegro and serbian province of Kosovo and Metohija under UN jurisdiction....
     (Novi Pazar) including the towns of Novi Pazar
    Novi Pazar

    Novi Pazar is a city and municipality located in the Ra?ka District of Serbia at 43.15? North, 20.52"? East, in the geographical region of Sand?ak....
    , Sjenica
    Sjenica

    Sjenica is a town and municipality in Zlatibor District of Serbia, in the region of Sand?ak. It's an old town firstly mentioned in 1253 as a place where many merchants rested and paid taxes while going to Dubrovnik ....
     (Seniçe), Kolašin
    Kolašin

    Kola?in , is a town in northern Montenegro. It has a population of 2,989 .Kola?in is the centre of Kola?in municipality and unofficial centre of Moraca region, named after Moraca River....
     (Kolasin), Nova Varoš
    Nova Varoš

    Nova Varo? is a town and municipality in Zlatibor District of Serbia. According to the 1991 census, the municipality of Nova Varo? had a population of 21,812, while according to the 2002 census, the number of inhabitants in the municipality was 19,982....
     (Yeni Varos) , and Prijepolje
    Prijepolje

    Prijepolje is a town and municipality in the Zlatibor District of Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the municipality of Prijepolje had a population of 41,188 people, while the town itself had a population of 15,031....
     (Akova).


Governors

List of the governors of the province:
  • . until 1893 : Ibrahim Edem Pasha
  • 1894-1899 : Hafiz Mehmed Pasha
  • 1900-1902 : Reshad Bey Pasha
  • 1903-1904 : Shakir Pasha Numan
  • 1905-1907 : Mehmed Shefket Pasha
  • .. . . . 1908 : Hadi Pasha
  • 1909-1910 : Mazhar Bey Pasha
  • .. . . . 1911 : Halil Bey Pasha
  • .. . . . 1912 : Ghalib Pasha


Literature

  • Sűreti defter-i sancak-i Arvanid, H. Inalcik, Ankara 1954. (Turkish)
  • Sűreti defter-i esami vilayeti Dibra, f. 124-176, Basbakanlik Arsivi, maliyeden müdever, nr.508. (Turkish)
  • - Prof. As. Dr. David Luka (Albanian)
  • A.F. Gilferding, Putovanje po Hercegovini, Bosni i Staroj Srbiji, Sarajevo, 1972, 241-245 (Serbian)


External links