Kingdom of Israel

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Kingdom of Israel

: This article is about the northen kingdom of Israel during the period of divided monarchy, For the original kingdom during the period of the united monarchy see Kingdom of Israel
Kingdom of Israel

The Kingdom of Israel was one of the successor states to the older United Monarchy . It existed roughly from the 930s BC until about the 720s BC....
. For other uses see Kingdom of Israel (disambiguation)
Kingdom of Israel (disambiguation)

The Kingdom of Israel may refer to one several ancient kingdoms in the Land of Israel.* The Kingdom of Israel established under Saul which united the Israelites under a single king....
.

The Kingdom of Israel (KJV Israel in Samaria) was one of the successor states to the older United Monarchy

United Monarchy

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Early Historical Israel Dan Beersheba Judea

United Monarchy

The united Kingdom of Israel was a kingdom in the Land of Israel which according to the Bible existed from c. 1050 BCE until c. 930 BCE, a period referred to by scholars as the United Monarchy....
(also often called the 'Kingdom of Israel'). It existed roughly from the 930s BC until about the 720s BC. This article follows its history until its destruction by the Assyrian Empire

Assyria

Assyria was a political state centered on the Upper Tigris river, in Mesopotamia , that came to rule regional empires a number of times in history....
, and considers the fate of its population and territory following its destruction. Capital cities (in order): Shechem

Shechem

Shechem was Canaanite city mentioned in the Amarna letters, and later became an Israelite city in the tribe of Manasseh. It was the first capital of the Kingdom of Israel....
, Tirzah, and Shomron (Samaria

Samaria

Samaria, or the Shomron is a term used for the mountainous region in northern Israel roughly corresponding to the northern part of the West Bank....
).

Historians often refer to ancient Israel as the Northern Kingdom to differentiate it from the Southern Kingdom of Judah

Kingdom of Judah

The Kingdom of Judah existed at two periods in Jewish history. According to the Hebrew Bible, a kingdom emerged in Judah after the death of Saul, when the tribe of Judah elevated David to rule over it....
. The Hebrew Scriptures sometimes referred to the separate kingdom idiomatically as the "House of Joseph" in order to distinguish it principally from the "House of Judah".

History

United Monarchy

The Kingdom of Israel was one of two successor states to the older Kingdom of Israel, which existed from around 1050 BCE to around 930 BCE. The other successor state bore the name Kingdom of Judah

Kingdom of Judah

The Kingdom of Judah existed at two periods in Jewish history. According to the Hebrew Bible, a kingdom emerged in Judah after the death of Saul, when the tribe of Judah elevated David to rule over it....
which existed from 931 BCE to 586 BCE. Both Eusebius and Josephus place the division in 997 BCE and lunar dates of Venus can be mistaken as 64 years earlier. (Crossing of sun over Mars as Tamuz

Tamuz

* For the month of Jewish, Arabic and Babylonian calendar, see Tammuz .* For a supernatural creature from Babylonian mythology, see Tammuz .* For the Israeli rock band, see Tamouz ....
would be 10 July 997 BCE.)

Divided Monarchy

Kingdom of Israel

Soon after the death of King Solomon, the prophecy

Prophecy

Prophecy, generally, describes the disclosing of information that is not known to the prophet by any ordinary means. In religion, this is thought to be a divinely inspired revelation or interpretation....
of Ahijah

Ahijah

Ahijah is a name of several Biblical individuals:# Ahijah the Shilonite, the Biblical prophet who divided the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah....
was fulfilled with the division of the kingdom. Rehoboam

Rehoboam

Rehoboam was a king of United Monarchy and later king of the Kingdom of Judah after the ten northern tribes of Israel rebelled in 932/931 BC to form the independent Kingdom of Israel....
, the son and successor of Solomon, was scarcely seated on his throne when the old jealousies between Judah and the other tribes broke out anew, and Jeroboam

Jeroboam

Jeroboam He was the first king of the break-away ten tribes or Northern Kingdom of Israel, over whom he reigned twenty-two years.William F....
was sent for from Egypt

History of Ancient Egypt

The History of ancient Egypt spans the period from the early Predynastic Egypt settlements of the northern Nile Valley to the History of Roman Egypt in 30 BC....
by the malcontents.

Rehoboam insolently refused to lighten the burdensome tax

Tax

To tax is to impose a financial charge or other levy upon an individual or Legal person by a state or the functional equivalent of a state.Taxes are also imposed by many subnational entity....
ation and services that his father had imposed on his subjects, and the rebellion

Rebellion

Rebellion is a refusal of obedience. It may, therefore, be seen as encompassing a range of behaviors from civil disobedience and mass nonviolent resistance, to violent and organized attempts to destroy an established authority such as the government....
became complete. The Tribe of Ephraim

Tribe of Ephraim

The Tribe of Ephraim was one of the Israelites; together with the Tribe of Manasseh, Ephraim also formed the House of Joseph. At its height, the territory it occupied was at the center of Canaan, west of the Jordan, south of the territory of Manasseh, and north of the Tribe of Benjamin; the region which was later named Samaria mostly co...
and all Israel raised the old cry, "Every man to his tents, O Israel". Rehoboam fled to Jerusalem (1 Kings 12:1-18; 2 Chronicles

Books of Chronicles

LocationIn the masoretic text, Chronicles is part of the third part of the Tanakh, namely Ketuvim . In most printed versions it is the last book in Ketuvim ....
10), and in 930 BCE to 920 BCE, Jeroboam

Jeroboam

Jeroboam He was the first king of the break-away ten tribes or Northern Kingdom of Israel, over whom he reigned twenty-two years.William F....
was proclaimed king over all Israel at Shechem

Shechem

Tribe of Judah

According to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Judah was one of the twelve Israelites.Following the completion of the conquest of Canaan by the Israelite tribes after about 1200 BCE, Joshua allocated the land among the twelve tribes....
and the Tribe of Benjamin

Tribe of Benjamin

According to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Benjamin was one of the twelve Israelites.Following the completion of the conquest of Canaan by the Israelite tribes after about 1200 BCE, Joshua allocated the land among the twelve tribes....
remaining faithful to Rehoboam. War continued, with varying success, between the two kingdoms for about sixty years.

At around 850 BCE the Mesha Stele

Mesha Stele

The Mesha Stele is a black basalt stone, bearing an inscription by the 9th century BC Moabite King Mesha, discovered in 1868 at Dhiban now in Jordan....
, written in Old Hebrew alphabet

Phoenician alphabet

The Phoenician alphabet is a continuation of the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, by convention taken to originate around 1050 BC. It was used for the writing of Phoenician language, a Northern Semitic languages language, used by the civilization of Phoenicia....
, records a victory of King Mesha

Mesha

Mesha was a 9th Century BCE King of Moab, a strip of hilly land in present-day Jordan, which lay north of Edom, across the Dead Sea from Judah up to the Arnon river valley....
of Moab against king Omri

Omri

Omri was king of kingdom of Israel and father of Ahab. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 876 BC – 869 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates of 888 BC to 880 BC for his rivalry with Tibni and 880 BC – 874 BC for his sole reign....
of Israel and his son Ahab

Ahab

Ahab was Kingdom of Israel and the son and successor of Omri . William F. Albright dated his reign to 869 – 850 BC, while E. R. Thiele offered the dates 874 – 853 BC....
( cf.), King Omri

Omri

Samaria

Samaria, or the Shomron is a term used for the mountainous region in northern Israel roughly corresponding to the northern part of the West Bank....
). Today, among archaeologists, this is one of the most universally accepted archaeological sites from the biblical period

The conflict between Israel and Judah was resolved when Jehoshaphat

Jehoshaphat

Jehoshaphat was the successor of Asa of Judah, king of Kingdom of Judah. His children included Jehoram of Judah. Historically, his name has sometimes been connected with the Valley of Jehosaphat, where, according to Joel 3:2, the God of Israel will gather all nations for judgment....
, King of Judah, allied himself with the house of Ahab

Ahab

Ahab was Kingdom of Israel and the son and successor of Omri . William F. Albright dated his reign to 869 – 850 BC, while E. R. Thiele offered the dates 874 – 853 BC....
through marriage. Later, Jehosophat's son and successor, Jehoram of Judah

Jehoram of Judah

Jehoram of Judah was the king of the ancient Kingdom of Judah, and the son of Jehoshaphat .Jehoram took the throne at the age of 32 . William F....
, married Ahab's daughter Athaliah

Athaliah

AtaliaAthaliah or Athalie was the queen of kingdom of Judah during the reign of King Jehoram of Judah, and later became sole ruler of Judah for six years....
, cementing the alliance. However, the sons of Ahab were slaughtered by Jehu

Jehu

Jehu was king of Kingdom of Israel, the son of Jehoshaphat , and grandson of Nimshi. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 842 BC-815 BC, while E....
following his coup d'état

Coup d'état

A coup d??tat , often simply called a coup, is the sudden unconstitutional overthrow of a government by a part of the state establishment – usually the military – to replace the branch of the stricken government, either with another civil government or with a military government....
around 840 BCE.

Shechem

Shechem

Shechem was Canaanite city mentioned in the Amarna letters, and later became an Israelite city in the tribe of Manasseh. It was the first capital of the Kingdom of Israel....
was the first capital of the Kingdom of Israel (1 Kings 12:25). Afterwards it was Tirzah

Tirzah

Tirzah is a Hebrew word meaning "she is my delight." In the Bible it is the name of a town in Israel and of a woman....
(14:17). Samaria

Samaria

Samaria, or the Shomron is a term used for the mountainous region in northern Israel roughly corresponding to the northern part of the West Bank....
was later chosen as the capital (16:24) and continued as such until the destruction of the Kingdom by the Assyria

Assyria

Assyria was a political state centered on the Upper Tigris river, in Mesopotamia , that came to rule regional empires a number of times in history....
ns (2 Kings

Books of Kings

The Books of Kings are a part of Judaism's Tanakh, the Hebrew Bible. They were originally written in Hebrew language and were later included by Christianity as part of the Old Testament....
17:5). During the three-year siege of Samaria by the Assyrians, Shalmaneser V

Shalmaneser V

Shalmaneser V was king of Assyria from 727 to 722 BC. He first appears as governor of Zimirra in Phoenicia in the reign of his father, Tiglath-Pileser III....
died and was succeeded by Sargon II of Assyria, who himself records the capture of that city thus: "Samaria I looked at, I captured; 27,280 men who dwelt in it I carried away" into Assyria. Thus, around 720 BCE, after a duration of two centuries, the kingdom of the ten tribes came to an end.

Kingdom of Judah

The Kingdom of Judah, or the Southern Kingdom, existed as an independent state from about 930 BCE until 586 BCE when it was conquered by the Babylonian Empire.

Post conquest developments

Lost Tribes of Israel

The inhabitants of the Kingdom of Israel were scattered throughout the Middle East

Middle East

File:GreaterMiddleEast1.pngThe Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East....
, and are popularly known as the Lost Ten Tribes of Israel.

"Judah

Kingdom of Judah

Assyria

Assyria was a political state centered on the Upper Tigris river, in Mesopotamia , that came to rule regional empires a number of times in history....
for yet one hundred and thirty-four years, and became the rallying-point of the dispersed ones of every tribe, and eventually gave its name to the whole race. Those of the people who, in the last struggle, escaped into the territories of Judah or other neighbouring countries naturally looked to Judah as the head and home of their race. When Judah itself was carried off to Babylon

Babylon

Babylon was a city-state of ancient Mesopotamia, sometimes considered an empire, the remains of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Governorate, Iraq, about 85 kilometers south of Baghdad....
, many of the exiled Israelites joined them from Assyria. They swelled that immense population, making Babylonia

Babylonia

Babylonia was a state in Lower Mesopotamia , Babylon as its franklin. Babylonia emerged when Hammurabi created an empire out of the territories of the former kingdoms of Sumer and Akkad....
a second Judah".

After the deportation of the ten tribes, the vacated land was colonized by various eastern tribes, especially Syrians whom the King of Assyria

Assyria

Assyria was a political state centered on the Upper Tigris river, in Mesopotamia , that came to rule regional empires a number of times in history....
had sent there (Ezra

Book of Ezra

The Book of Ezra is a book of the Bible in the Old Testament and Hebrew language Tanakh. It is the record of events occurring at the close of the Babylonian captivity....
4:2, 10; 2 Kings 17:24-29).

In 537 BCE the ruler of the Persian Empire

Persian Empire

The 'Persian Empire' was a series of successive Iranian or Persianization empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland, and beyond in Southwest Asia, South Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus....
, Cyrus the Great

Cyrus the Great

Cyrus the Great , , also known as Cyrus II of Persia and Cyrus the Elder, was a Persian people Shah . He was the founder of the Persian Empire under the Achaemenid dynasty, an empire, perhaps the most wealthy and magnificent in history....
, permitted exiled populations within the newly conquered Babylonian Empire to return to their native lands, marking the end of the so-called Babylonian Captivity

Babylonian captivity

The Babylonian captivity, or Babylonian exile, is the name typically given to the deportation and exile of the Jews of the ancient Kingdom of Judah to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon in 586 BCE....
. Israelite exiles who had retained their national identity, had joined their fellow exiles from the Kingdom of Judah, and possessed the will to return to their old territories would have begun returning to the territories of the former Kingdom of Israel at this time.

Samaritans

The emergence of the Samaritan people as an ethnic group

Ethnic group

An ethnic group is a group of humans whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage that is real or presumed.Ethnic identity is further marked by the recognition from others of a group's distinctiveness and the recognition of common culture, linguistic, religion, human behaviour or Race traits, real or presumed, as indic...
distinct from Jewish people, with a religion distinct from Judaism

Judaism

Judaism is a set of beliefs and practices originating in the Hebrew Bible , as later further explored and explained in the Talmud and other texts....
yet bearing much in common with it can be traced to the political changes in the area when it was occupied by the Assyrians

Assyrians

Assyrians or Assyrian people may refer to :*the Ancient Assyrians*the modern Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac peopleSee also*Assyrian ...
. The removal of the old ruling structure of the Kingdom of Israel, together with the influx of a foreign population in an area already devastated by foreign conquest led to the emergence of a new identity distinct from that of the Kingdom of Judah

Kingdom of Judah

The Kingdom of Judah existed at two periods in Jewish history. According to the Hebrew Bible, a kingdom emerged in Judah after the death of Saul, when the tribe of Judah elevated David to rule over it....
to the south. This population has persisted as a separate ethnic entity through the restoration of an autonomous Jewish nation in the area by Cyrus the Great

Cyrus the Great

Culture

Religion in the Kingdom of Israel

The religious climate of the Kingdom of Israel appears to have been divided between two major trends. The first, that of Yahweh

Yahweh

Image:Tetragrammaton scripts.svg[Aramaic alphabet|Aramaic]] and Hebrew alphabet Yahweh is the English rendering of , a vocalization of the Tetragrammaton that was proposed by the Hebrew scholar Gesenius in the 19th century....
detailed in the Hebrew Bible

Hebrew Bible

The term Hebrew Bible is a generic reference to those books of the Bible originally written mostly in Biblical Hebrew with some Biblical Aramaic....
, and the second the cult of Baal

Baal

Ba'al is a Northwest Semitic title and honorific meaning "master" or "lord" that is used for various gods who were patrons of cities in the Levant, cognate to East Semitic Bel ....
as detailed in the so-called "Baal Cycle" discovered at Ugarit

Ugarit

Ugarit was an ancient cosmopolitan port city, sited on the Mediterranean coast. Ugarit sent tribute to Ancient Egypt and maintained trade and diplomatic connections with Cyprus , documented in the archives recovered from the site and corroborated by Mycenaean Greece and Cypriot pottery found there....
.

It is recorded that Jeroboam built two places of worship, one at Bethel and one at far northern Dan, to be an alternative to the Temple at Jerusalem. He did not want the people of the Northern kingdom to have religious ties to the capital city of the Kingdom of Judah. He had golden calves be erected for the people to represent their "god." These act became known as the way of Jeroboam or the sins of Jeroboam. 1 Kings 12:26-29.

Ahab allowed the cult worship of Baal to become an acceptable religion of the kingdom. His wife Jezebel was a devotee to Baal worship (1 Kings 16:31).

Notable people

Prophets active in the Kingdom of Israel

Elijah, opponent of religious reforms under Ahab and Jezebel
Elisha
Elisha

Elisha is a Biblical prophet. In Greek and Latin, he is known as Saint Eliseus; however, the standard English form of the name has been "Elisha," at least since the introduction of the King James Version of the Bible....
, chosen successor of Elijah
Amos
Amos

Amos may refer to:...
Hosea
Hosea

Hosea was the son of Beeri and a prophet in Israel in the 8th century BC. He is one of the Twelve Minor Prophets of the Jewish Hebrew Bible, also known as the Minor Prophets of the Christian Old Testament....
Jonah
Jonah

According to the Hebrew Bible and Arab Qur'an, Jonah was a prophet who was swallowed by a great fish....
Nahum
Nahum

Nahum was a minor prophet whose prophecy is recorded in the Hebrew Bible. His Book of Nahum comes in chronological order between Book of Micah and Habakkuk in the Bible....

Extent of the Kingdom

The Kingdom of Israel was the nation formed from the territories of the tribes of Zebulun

Tribe of Zebulun

The Tribe of Zebulun was one of the Israelites. At its height, the territory it occupied was at the southern end of the Galilee, with its eastern border being the Sea of Galilee, the western border being the Mediterranean Sea, the south being bordered by the Tribe of Issachar, and the north by Tribe of Asher on the western side and Tribe of...
, Issachar

Tribe of Issachar

The Tribe of Issachar was one of the Israelites. At its height, the territory it occupied was immediately north of Tribe of Manasseh, and south of Tribe of Zebulun and Tribe of Naphtali, stretching from the Jordan River in the east, to the coast in the west; this region included the fertile Esdraelon plain....
, Asher

Tribe of Asher

The Tribe of Asher was one of the Israelites. At its height, Asher dwelled in The Western Galilee, a region with comparatively low temperature, and much rainfall, making it some of the most fertile land in Canaan, with rich pasture, wooded hills, and orchards; as such Asher was particularly prosperous, and known for its olive oil....
, Naphtali

Tribe of Naphtali

The Tribe of Naphtali was one of the Israelites.At its height, Naphtali occupied the eastern side of the Galilee , in the areas now known as the Lower Galilee, and Upper Galilee, and was bordered on the west by Tribe of Asher, in the north by Tribe of Dan, in the south by Tribe of Zebulun, and by the Jordan River on the east; the most si...
, Dan

Tribe of Dan

According to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Dan was one of the twelve Israelites.Following the completion of the conquest of Canaan by the Israelite tribes after about 1200 BCE, Joshua allocated the land among the twelve tribes....
, Manasseh

Tribe of Manasseh

The Tribe of Menasheh was one of the Israelites. Together with the Tribe of Ephraim, Menasheh also formed the House of Joseph. At its height, the territory it occupied spanned the Jordan River, forming two "half-tribes", one on each side; the eastern half-tribe was almost entirely discontinuity with the western half-tribe, only slightly...
, Ephraim

Tribe of Ephraim

Tribe of Reuben

The Tribe of Reuben was one of the Israelites.At its height, the territory it occupied was on the immediate east of the Dead Sea, reaching from the Arnon river in the south, and as far north as the Dead Sea stretched, with an eastern border vaguely defined by the land dissolving into desert; the territory included the plain of Madaba....
and Gad

Tribe of Gad

The Tribe of Gad was one of the Israelites. At its height, Gad occupied a region to the east of the River Jordan, though the exact location is ambiguous; among the cities mentioned by the Bible as having at some point been part of Gad were Ramoth, Jaezer, Aroer, and Dibon, though some of these are marked elsewhere as belonging to Tribe of Re...
, and was named after Israel

Jacob

According to the Hebrew Bible, Jacob , also known as Israel , was the third Biblical patriarchs and the ancestor of the twelve Israelites....
, son of Isaac

Isaac

According to the Hebrew Bible, Isaac The New Testament contains few references to Isaac. The Early Christianity views Abraham's willingness to follow God's command to Binding of Isaac as an example of faith and obedience....
.

Its capital was Samaria

Samaria

Samaria, or the Shomron is a term used for the mountainous region in northern Israel roughly corresponding to the northern part of the West Bank....
.

Royal Houses of Israel

For this period, most historians follow either of the older chronologies established by William F. Albright

William F. Albright

William Foxwell Albright was an United States archaeology, Bible, linguistics and expert on ceramics . From the early twentieth century until his death, he was the dean of biblical archaeologists and the universally acknowledged founder of the Biblical archaeology movement....
or Edwin R. Thiele

Edwin R. Thiele

Edwin R. Thiele was an United States of America missionary in China, an editing, Archaeology, writer, and Old Testament professor. He is best known for his chronological studies of the Hebrew kingdom period....
, or the newer chronologies of Gershon Galil

Gershon Galil

Gershon Galil is the senior lecturer in Ancient Near Eastern history and chairman of the Department of History of Judaism at the University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel....
and Kenneth Kitchen

Kenneth Kitchen

Kenneth Anderson Kitchen is Personal and Brunner Professor Emeritus of Egyptology and Honorary Research Fellow at the School of Archaeology, Classics and Oriental Studies, University of Liverpool, England....
, all of which are shown below. All dates are BC/BCE

Common Era

Common Era, abbreviated as CE, is a designation for the calendar system most commonly used in the Western world, and also internationally, for numbering the year part of the calendar date....
.

Albright	Thiele	Galil	Kitchen	Common/Biblical name	Regnal Name and style	Notes
The House of Saul
1051–1010	1050–1010	1050–1010	1042–1010	Saul Saul the King Saul is identified in the Books of Samuel, Books of Chronicles and Qur'an as the first king of the ancient united United Monarchy. Saul was anointed by the prophet Samuel and reigned from Gibeah during the closing decades of the 2nd millennium BC....	'???? ???? or Sha'ul	Reigned in Israel & Judah for 40 years: He killed himself during the war with the Philistines in Mount Gilboa.
1010–1008	1000–998	1010–1008	1006–1004	Ish-bosheth Ish-bosheth Ish-bosheth also called Eshbaal , Ashbaal or Ishbaal, appears in the Hebrew Bible. He was born in c. 1047 BCE and was one of the four sons of King Saul with Ahinoam, daughter of Ahimaaz....	(also called Eshba'al or Ashba'al or Ishbaal)	Reigned in Israel for 2 years:
The House of David
1000–962		1010–970	1010–970	David	??? ??-??? ??? ????? David ben Yeshay, Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Judah in Hebron 7 years and then over both Israel & Judah for 33 years in Jerusalem, 40 years in total. Death: Natural causes
962–922		970–931	971–931	Solomon Solomon Solomon is a figure described in the Hebrew Bible and the Qur'an. The biblical accounts identify Solomon as the son of David. He is also called Jedidiah in the Tanakh , and is described as the third king of the United Monarchy, and the final king before the northern Kingdom of Israel and the southern Kingdom of Judah split; following th...	???? ??-??? ??? ????? Shelomoh ben David Solomon Solomon is a figure described in the Hebrew Bible and the Qur'an. The biblical accounts identify Solomon as the son of David. He is also called Jedidiah in the Tanakh , and is described as the third king of the United Monarchy, and the final king before the northern Kingdom of Israel and the southern Kingdom of Judah split; following th... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over United Kingdom of Israel (& Judah) in Jerusalem for 40 years. Death: Natural Causes
The House of Jeroboam
922–901	931–910	931–909	931–911	Jeroboam I Jeroboam Jeroboam He was the first king of the break-away ten tribes or Northern Kingdom of Israel, over whom he reigned twenty-two years.William F....	????? ??-??? ??? ????? Yerav’am ben Nevat Jeroboam Jeroboam He was the first king of the break-away ten tribes or Northern Kingdom of Israel, over whom he reigned twenty-two years.William F.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Led the rebellion and divided the kingdoms. Reigned in Israel (Northern Kingdom) for 22 years. Death: Natural Causes
901–900	910–909	909–908	911–910	Nadab Nadab of Israel Nadab was the son and successor of Jeroboam, the king of kingdom of Israel . William F. Albright has dated his reign to 901 BC-900 BC, while E....	??? ??-????? ??? ????? Nadav ben Yerav’am Nadab Nadab may refer to:Nadab , Biblical figure, eldest son of Aaron the High Priest of IsraelNadab of Israel , king of the northern Kingdom of Israel... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned in Israel for 2 years. Death: Killed by Baasha, son of Ahijah of the house of Issachar, along with his whole family.
The House of Baasha
900–877	909–886	908–885	910–887	Baasha	???? ??-???? ??? ????? Ba’asha ben Achiyah, Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Tirzah for 24 years. Death: Natural Causes
877–876	886–885	885–884	887–886	Elah Elah Elah may refer to:Elah, a name of God. For example, in Ezra 5:1 Elah Yisrael means God of Israel.King Elah of Israel*The Valley of Elah, where the Biblical David fought Goliath...	??? ??-???? ??? ????? ’Elah ben Ba’asha Elah Elah may refer to:Elah, a name of God. For example, in Ezra 5:1 Elah Yisrael means God of Israel.King Elah of Israel*The Valley of Elah, where the Biblical David fought Goliath... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Tirzah for 2 years. Death: Zimri, one of his officials, got him drunk and killed him at his house in Azra.
The House of Zimri
876	885	884	886	Zimri Zimri Zimri may refer to:Either of two characters in the Bible:*Zimri , the Prince of the Tribe of Simeon during the time of the Israelites were in the desert...	???? ??? ????? Zimri Zimri Zimri may refer to:Either of two characters in the Bible:Zimri , the Prince of the Tribe of Simeon during the time of the Israelites were in the desert... , Melekh Yisra’el*	Reigned over Israel in Tirzah for 7 days. Death: He set his palace on fire when Omri and all the Israelites with him withdrew from Gibbethon and laid siege to Tirzah.
The House of Omri
876–869	885–874	884–873	886–875	Omri Omri Omri was king of kingdom of Israel and father of Ahab. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 876 BC – 869 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates of 888 BC to 880 BC for his rivalry with Tibni and 880 BC – 874 BC for his sole reign....	???? ??? ????? ’Omri Omri Omri was king of kingdom of Israel and father of Ahab. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 876 BC – 869 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates of 888 BC to 880 BC for his rivalry with Tibni and 880 BC – 874 BC for his sole reign.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 12 years. Death: Natural Causes
869–850	874–853	873–852	875–853	Ahab Ahab Ahab was Kingdom of Israel and the son and successor of Omri . William F. Albright dated his reign to 869 – 850 BC, while E. R. Thiele offered the dates 874 – 853 BC....	???? ??-???? ??? ????? Ah’av ben ’Omri Ahab Ahab was Kingdom of Israel and the son and successor of Omri . William F. Albright dated his reign to 869 – 850 BC, while E. R. Thiele offered the dates 874 – 853 BC.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 22 years. Death: Shot by an archer during the battle at Ramoth Gilead. He died upon his arrival on Samaria.
850–849	853–852	852–851	853–852	Ahaziah Ahaziah of Israel This entry is not about King Ahaziah of Judah.Ahaziah was king of kingdom of Israel and the son of Ahab and Jezebel . William F. Albright has dated his reign to 850 BC-849 BC, while E....	?????? ??-???? ??? ????? ’Ahazyahu ben 'Ah’av Ahaziah of Israel This entry is not about King Ahaziah of Judah.Ahaziah was king of kingdom of Israel and the son of Ahab and Jezebel . William F. Albright has dated his reign to 850 BC-849 BC, while E.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 2 years. Death: He fell through the lattice of his upper room and injured himself. Elijah the prophet told him he would never leave his bed and would die on it.
849–842	852–841	851–842	852–841	Joram Jehoram of Israel Jehoram was the king of kingdom of Israel , and he was the son of Ahab and Jezebel . William F. Albright has dated his reign to 849 BC-842 BC, while E....	???? ??-???? ??? ????? Yehoram ben ’Ah’av Jehoram of Israel Jehoram was the king of kingdom of Israel , and he was the son of Ahab and Jezebel . William F. Albright has dated his reign to 849 BC-842 BC, while E.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 11 years. Death: Killed by Jehu, the next king of Israel,
The House of Jehu
842–815	841–814	842–815	841–814	Jehu Jehu Jehu was king of Kingdom of Israel, the son of Jehoshaphat , and grandson of Nimshi. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 842 BC-815 BC, while E....	???? ??-???? ??? ????? Yehu ben Nimshi Jehu Jehu was king of Kingdom of Israel, the son of Jehoshaphat , and grandson of Nimshi. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 842 BC-815 BC, while E.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 28 years. Death: Natural Causes
815–801	814–798	819–804	814–806	Jehoahaz Jehoahaz of Israel Jehoahaz of Israel was king of kingdom of Israel and the son of Jehu . William F. Albright has dated his reign to 815 BC – 801 BC, while E....	?????? ??-???? ??? ????? Yeho’ahaz ben Yehu Jehoahaz of Israel Jehoahaz of Israel was king of kingdom of Israel and the son of Jehu . William F. Albright has dated his reign to 815 BC – 801 BC, while E.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 17 years. Death: Natural Causes
801–786	798–782	805–790	806–791	Jehoash Jehoash of Israel Jehoash , was the king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel and the son of Jehoahaz of Israel, . When he ascended the throne, the Kingdom of Israel was suffering from the predations of the Arameans; Hazael "was cutting Israel short."... (Joash Jehoash of Israel Jehoash , was the king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel and the son of Jehoahaz of Israel, . When he ascended the throne, the Kingdom of Israel was suffering from the predations of the Arameans; Hazael "was cutting Israel short."... )	???? ??-????? ??? ????? Yeho’ash ben Yeho’ahaz Jehoash of Israel Jehoash , was the king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel and the son of Jehoahaz of Israel, . When he ascended the throne, the Kingdom of Israel was suffering from the predations of the Arameans; Hazael "was cutting Israel short."... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 16 years. Death: Natural Causes
786–746	782–753	790–750	791–750	Jeroboam II Jeroboam II Jeroboam II was the son and successor of Jehoash of Israel, , and the fourteenth king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel, over which he ruled for forty-one years according to the Books of Kings ....	????? ??-???? ??? ????? Yerav’am ben Yeho’ash Jeroboam II Jeroboam II was the son and successor of Jehoash of Israel, , and the fourteenth king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel, over which he ruled for forty-one years according to the Books of Kings .... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 41 years. Death: Natural Causes
746	753	750–749	750	Zachariah	????? ??-????? ??? ????? Zekharyah ben Yerav’am, Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 6 months. Death: Shallum son of Jabesh killed him in front of the people and succeeded as king.
The House of Shallum
745	752	749	749	Shallum Shallum of Israel Shallum of Israel was the king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel, and the son of Jabesh. He "conspired against Zechariah of Israel, and smote him before the people, and slew him, and reigned in his stead" ....	??? ??-??? ??? ????? Shallum ben Yavesh Shallum of Israel Shallum of Israel was the king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel, and the son of Jabesh. He "conspired against Zechariah of Israel, and smote him before the people, and slew him, and reigned in his stead" .... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 1 month. Death: Menahem son of Gadi attacked Shallum and assassinated him.
The House of Menahem
745–738	752–742	749–738	749–739	Menahem Menahem Menahem, from a Hebrew word meaning "the consoler" or "comforter;" was a king over Kingdom of Israel and the son of Gadi, according to the chronology of Kautsch , from 743 BC; according to Schrader, from 745 – 736 BC....	???? ??-??? ??? ????? Menahem ben Gadi Menahem Menahem, from a Hebrew word meaning "the consoler" or "comforter;" was a king over Kingdom of Israel and the son of Gadi, according to the chronology of Kautsch , from 743 BC; according to Schrader, from 745 – 736 BC.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 10 years. Death: Natural Causes
738–737	742–740	738–736	739–737	Pekahiah Pekahiah Pekahiah was king of kingdom of Israel and the son of Menahem. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 738 BC – 737 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 742 BC – 740 BC....	????? ??-???? ??? ????? Pekahyah ben Menahem Pekahiah Pekahiah was king of kingdom of Israel and the son of Menahem. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 738 BC – 737 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 742 BC – 740 BC.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 2 years. Death: Pekah son of Remaliah, one of the chief officers, took 50 men with him and assassinated the king in his palace at Samaria.
The House of Pekah
737–732	740–732	736–732	737–732	Pekah Pekah Pekah , was king of kingdom of Israel, the son of Remaliah, and a captain in the army of Pekahiah, king of Israel. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 737 – 732 BC, while Edwin R....	??? ??-?????? ??? ????? Pekah ben Remalyahu Pekah Pekah , was king of kingdom of Israel, the son of Remaliah, and a captain in the army of Pekahiah, king of Israel. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 737 – 732 BC, while Edwin R.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 20 years. Death: Hoshea son of Elah conspired against him and assassinated him.
The House of Hoshea
732–722	732–722	732–722	732–722	Hoshea Hoshea See also Hosea, who has the same name in Biblical Hebrew.Hoshea was the last king of Israel and son of Elah. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 732 BC – 721 BC, while Edwin R....	???? ??-??? ??? ????? Hoshe’a ben ’Elah Hoshea See also Hosea, who has the same name in Biblical Hebrew.Hoshea was the last king of Israel and son of Elah. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 732 BC – 721 BC, while Edwin R.... , Melekh Yisra’el	Reigned over Israel in Samaria for 9 years. Death: King Shalmanser attacked and captured Samaria. He charged Hoshea of treason and he put him in prison, then, he deported the Israelites to Assyria.

External links

The Jewish History Resource Center - Project of the Dinur Center for Research in Jewish History, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
A synchronized chart of the kings of Israel and Judah

Kingdom of Israel

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Notable people

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The House of Saul

The House of David

The House of Jeroboam

The House of Baasha

The House of Zimri

The House of Omri

The House of Jehu

The House of Shallum

The House of Menahem

The House of Pekah

The House of Hoshea

See also

External links