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[[File:Khmer Numerals - 605 from the Sambor inscriptions.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The number 605 in Khmer numerals, from the Sambor inscriptions in 683 AD. The earliest known material use of zero as a decimal figure.]]
{{Khmer characters}}
{{IPA notice}}
'''Khmer numerals''' are characters used for writing numbers for several languages in [[Cambodia]], most notably Cambodia's [[official language]], [[Khmer language|Khmer]]. They date back to at least the oldest known epigraphical inscription of the Khmer numerals in 604 AD, found on a [[stele]] in [[Prasat]] Bayang, Cambodia, located not far from [[Angkor Borei]].
== Numerals ==
{{Table Numeral Systems}}
[[Image:Khmer numerals.png|thumb|180px|left|The Khmer numerals depicted in four different typographical variants.]]
Having been derived from the [[Hindu-Arabic numeral system|Hindu numerals]], modern Khmer numerals also represent a [[decimal]] [[positional notation]] system. It is the script with the first extant material evidence of [[Zero#Zero as a decimal digit|zero as a numerical figure]], dating its use back to the seventh century, two centuries before its certain use in [[India]]. However, Old Khmer, or Angkorian Khmer, also possessed separate symbols for the numbers 10, 20, and 100. Each multiple of 20 or 100 would require an additional stroke over the character, so the number 47 was constructed using the 20 symbol with an additional upper stroke, followed by the symbol for number 7. This inconsistency with its [[decimal|decimal system]] suggests that spoken [[#Angkorian Numbers|Angkorian Khmer]] used a [[vigesimal]] system.
As both [[Thai script|Thai]] and [[Lao script]] are derived from Old Khmer, their modern forms still bear many resemblances to the latter, demonstrated in the table below:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer script|Khmer]]
! [[Thai script|Thai]]
! [[Lao script|Lao]]
|-
|[[0 (number)|0]]
|style="font-size:200%"| ០
|style="font-size:200%"| ๐
|style="font-size:200%"| ໐
|-
|[[1 (number)|1]]
|style="font-size:200%"| ១
|style="font-size:200%"| ๑
|style="font-size:200%"| ໑
|-
|[[2 (number)|2]]
|style="font-size:200%"| ២
|style="font-size:200%"| ๒
|style="font-size:200%"| ໒
|-
|[[3 (number)|3]]
|style="font-size:200%"| ៣
|style="font-size:200%"| ๓
|style="font-size:200%"| ໓
|-
|[[4 (number)|4]]
|style="font-size:200%"| ៤
|style="font-size:200%"| ๔
|style="font-size:200%"| ໔
|-
|[[5 (number)|5]]
|style="font-size:200%"| ៥
|style="font-size:200%"| ๕
|style="font-size:200%"| ໕
|-
|[[6 (number)|6]]
|style="font-size:200%"| ៦
|style="font-size:200%"| ๖
|style="font-size:200%"| ໖
|-
|[[7 (number)|7]]
|style="font-size:200%"| ៧
|style="font-size:200%"| ๗
|style="font-size:200%"| ໗
|-
|[[8 (number)|8]]
|style="font-size:200%"| ៨
|style="font-size:200%"| ๘
|style="font-size:200%"| ໘
|-
|[[9 (number)|9]]
|style="font-size:200%"| ៩
|style="font-size:200%"| ๙
|style="font-size:200%"| ໙
|}
== Modern Khmer Numbers ==
The spoken names of modern Khmer numbers represent a [[biquinary]] system, with both [[base 5]] and [[base 10]] in use. For example, 6 ({{lang|km|ប្រាំមួយ}}) is formed from 5 ({{lang|km|ប្រាំ}}) plus 1 ({{lang|km|មួយ}}).
=== Numbers from 0-5 ===
For the most part, the etymology of the Khmer numbers from 1 to 5 are derived directly from the (Nuclear) [[Austro-Asiatic languages|Mon–Khmer]] language, with the exception of the number 0, which is borrowed from the [[Sanskrit]] word ''śūnya''.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer script#Numerals|Khmer]]
! [[Khmer script|Word Form]]
! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
! [[United Nations Statistical Commission|UNGEGN]]
! [[ALA-LC Romanization|ALA-LC]]
! Notes
|-
|align=center|0 || {{lang|km|០}} || {{lang|km|សូន្យ}} || {{IPA|soun}} || sony || sūny || From [[Sanskrit]] śūnya
|-
|align=center|1 || {{lang|km|១}} || {{lang|km|មួយ}} || {{IPA|muəj}} || muŏy || muay || Before a classifier, /muəj/ is reduced to /mə/ in regular speech.
|-
|align=center|2 || {{lang|km|២}} || {{lang|km|ពីរ}} || {{IPA|piː}} ({{IPA|pɨl}}) || pir || bīr || Also {{IPA|/pir/}}
|-
|align=center|3 || {{lang|km|៣}} || {{lang|km|បី}} || {{IPA|ɓəj}} || bei || pī ||
|-
|align=center|4 || {{lang|km|៤}} || {{lang|km|បួន}} || {{IPA|ɓuən}} || buŏn || puan ||
|-
|align=center|5 || {{lang|km|៥}} || {{lang|km|ប្រាំ}} || {{IPA|pram}} || prăm || prâṃ ||
|}
* Some authors may alternatively mark {{IPA|[ɓiː]}} as the pronunciation for the word ''two'', and either {{IPA|[bəj]}} or {{IPA|[bei]}} for the word ''three''.
* In neighbouring [[Thailand]] the number three is thought to bring good luck. However, in [[Cambodia]], taking a picture with three people in it is considered bad luck, as it is believed that the person situated in the middle will die an early death.
* '''Note''': As the [http://www.eki.ee/wgrs/rom1_km.pdf UNGEGN] romanization system is based on the 1972 [http://www.pcgn.org.uk/ROMANIZATION%20SYSTEM%20FOR%20KHMER.pdf BGN/PCGN] system with little to no difference in spelling, the former will be used alongside the [[ALA-LC Romanization|ALA-LC]] romanization system throughout this article.
=== Numbers from 6-20 ===
As mentioned above, the numbers from 6 to 9 may be constructed by adding any number between 1 to 4 to the base number 5 ({{lang|km|ប្រាំ}}), so that 7 is literally constructed as 5 plus 2. Beyond that, Khmer uses a decimal base, so that 14 is constructed as 10 plus 4, rather than 2 times 5 plus 4; and 16 is constructed as 10+5+1.
Colloquially, compound numbers from eleven to nineteen may be formed using the word {{lang|km|ដណ្ដប់}} {{IPA|[dɔnɗɑp]}} preceded by any number from one to nine, so that 15 is constructed as {{lang|km|ប្រាំដណ្ដប់}} {{IPA|[pram dɔnɗɑp]}}, instead of the standard {{lang|km|ដប់ប្រាំ}} {{IPA|[ɗɑp pram]}}.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer script#Numerals|Khmer]]
! [[Khmer script|Word Form]]
! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
! [[United Nations Statistical Commission|UNGEGN]]
! [[ALA-LC Romanization|ALA-LC]]
! Notes
|-
|align=center|6 || {{lang|km|៦}} || {{lang|km|ប្រាំមួយ}} || {{IPA|pram muəj}} || prăm muŏy || prâṃ muay ||
|-
|align=center|7 || {{lang|km|៧}} || {{lang|km|ប្រាំពីរ}} || {{IPA|pram piː}} ({{IPA|pram pɨl}}) || prăm pir || prâṃ bīr ||
|-
|align=center|8 || {{lang|km|៨}} || {{lang|km|ប្រាំបី}} || {{IPA|pram ɓəj}} || prăm bey || prâṃ pī ||
|-
|align=center|9 || {{lang|km|៩}} || {{lang|km|ប្រាំបួន}} || {{IPA|pram ɓuən}} || prăm buŏn || prâṃ puan ||
|-
|align=center|10 || {{lang|km|១០}} || {{lang|km|ដប់}} || {{IPA|ɗɑp}} || dáb || ṭáp || [[Old Chinese]] }.
|-
|align=center|11 || {{lang|km|១១}} || {{lang|km|ដប់មួយ}} || {{IPA|ɗɑp muəj}} || dáb muŏy || ṭáp muay || Colloquially {{lang|km|មួយដណ្ដប់}} {{IPA|[muəj dɔnɗɑp]}}.
|-
|align=center|20 || {{lang|km|២០}} || {{lang|km|ម្ភៃ}} || {{IPA|mpʰej}} ({{IPA|məpʰɨj}}, {{IPA|mpʰɨj}}) || mphey || mbhai || Contraction of {{IPA|/muəj/}} + {{IPA|/pʰej/}} (i.e. one + twenty)
|}
* In constructions from 6-9 that use 5 as a base, {{IPA|/pram/}} may alternatively be pronounced {{IPA|[pəm]}}; giving {{IPA|[pəm muːəj]}}, {{IPA|[pəm piː]}}, {{IPA|[pəm ɓəj]}}, and {{IPA|[pəm ɓuːən]}}. This is especially true in dialects which elide {{IPA|/r/}}, but not necessarily restricted to them, as the pattern also follows Khmer's [[minor syllable]] pattern.
=== Numbers from 30-90 ===
The numbers from thirty to ninety in Khmer bear many resemblances to both the modern [[Thai language|Thai]] and [[Cantonese language|Cantonese]] numbers. It is likely that Khmer has borrowed them from the Thai language, as the numbers are both non-productive in Khmer (i.e. their use is restricted and cannot be used outside 30 to 90) and bear a near one-to-one [[phonology|phonological]] correspondence as can be observed in the ''language comparisons'' table below.
Informally, a speaker may choose to omit the final {{IPA|[səp]}} and the number is still understood. For example, it is possible to say {{IPA|[pɐət muəj]}} ({{lang|km|ប៉ែតមួយ}}) instead of the full {{IPA|[pɐət səp muəj]}} ({{lang|km|ប៉ែតសិបមួយ}}).
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer script#Numerals|Khmer]]
! [[Khmer script|Word Form]]
! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
! [[United Nations Statistical Commission|UNGEGN]]
! [[ALA-LC Romanization|ALA-LC]]
! Notes
|-
|align=center|30 || {{lang|km|៣០}} || {{lang|km|សាមសិប}} || {{IPA|saːm səp}} || sam sĕb || sām sip ||
|-
|align=center|40 || {{lang|km|៤០}} || {{lang|km|សែសិប}} || {{IPA|sɐe səp}} || sê sĕb || sae sip ||
|-
|align=center|50 || {{lang|km|៥០}} || {{lang|km|ហាសិប}} || {{IPA|haː səp}} || ha sĕb || hā sip ||
|-
|align=center|60 || {{lang|km|៦០}} || {{lang|km|ហុកសិប}} || {{IPA|hok səp}} || hŏk sĕb || huk sip ||
|-
|align=center|70 || {{lang|km|៧០}} || {{lang|km|ចិតសិប}} || {{IPA|cət səp}} || chĕt sĕb || cit sip ||
|-
|align=center|80 || {{lang|km|៨០}} || {{lang|km|ប៉ែតសិប}} || {{IPA|pɐət səp}} || pêt sĕb || p″ait sip ||
|-
|align=center|90 || {{lang|km|៩០}} || {{lang|km|កៅសិប}} || {{IPA|kaw səp}} || kau sĕb || kau sip ||
|}
Language Comparisons:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer language|Khmer]]
! [[Thai language|Thai]]
! Archaic Thai
! [[Lao language|Lao]]
! [[Yue Chinese|Cantonese]]
! [[Teochew dialect|Teochew]]
! [[Min Nan]]
! [[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]]
|-
|align=center|3 ‒ || {{IPA|*saːm}} || sam || sǎam || sãam || saam1 || sã1 || sa1 (sam1) || sān
|-
|align=center|4 ‒ || {{IPA|*sɐe}} || si || sài || sii || sei3 || si3 || si3 (su3) || sì
|-
|align=center|5 ‒ || {{IPA|*haː}} || ha || ngùa || hàa || ng5 || ŋou6 || go2 (ngo2) || wǔ
|-
|align=center|6 ‒ || {{IPA|*hok}} || hok || lòk || hók || luk6 || lak8 || lak2 (liok8) || liù
|-
|align=center|7 ‒ || {{IPA|*cət}} || chet || jèd || jét || cat1 || tsʰik4 || chit2 || qī
|-
|align=center|8 ‒ || {{IPA|*pɐət}} || paet || pàed || pàet || baat3 || poiʔ4 || pueh4 (pat4) || bā
|-
|align=center|9 ‒ || {{IPA|*kaw}} || kao || jao || kâo || gau2 || kao2 || kau4 (kiu2) || jiǔ
|-
|align=center|10 ‒ || {{IPA|*səp}} || sip || jǒng || síp || sap6 || tsap8 || tzhap2 (sip8) || shí
|}
* Words in parenthesis indicate literary pronunciations, while words preceded with an asterisk mark are non-productive (i.e. only occur in specific constructions, but cannot be decomposed to form basic numbers).
=== Numbers from 100-10 000 000 ===
The standard Khmer numbers starting from one hundred are as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer script#Numerals|Khmer]]
! [[Khmer script|Word Form]]
! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
! [[United Nations Statistical Commission|UNGEGN]]
! [[ALA-LC Romanization|ALA-LC]]
! Notes
|-
|align=center|100 || {{lang|km|១០០}} || {{lang|km|មួយរយ}} || {{IPA|muəj rɔj}} ({{IPA|rɔj}}, {{IPA|mərɔj}}) || muŏy rôy || muay ray || Borrowed from [[Thai language|Thai]] ร้อย ''roi''.
|-
|align=center|1 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០}} || {{lang|km|មួយពាន់}} || {{IPA|muəj piːən}} || muŏy peăn || muay bân || From [[Thai language|Thai]] พัน ''phan''.
|-
|align=center|10 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០}} || {{lang|km|មួយម៉ឺន}} || {{IPA|muəj məɨn}} || muŏy mœŭn || muay muȳn || From [[Thai language|Thai]] หมื่น ''muen''.
|-
|align=center|100 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០០}} || {{lang|km|មួយសែន}} || {{IPA|muəj saːen}} || muŏy sên || muay s″ain || From [[Thai language|Thai]] แสน ''saen''.
|-
|align=center|1 000 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០០០}} || {{lang|km|មួយលាន}} || {{IPA|muəj liːən}} || muŏy leăn || muay lân || From [[Thai language|Thai]] ล้าน ''lan''.
|-
|align=center|10 000 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០០០០}} || {{lang|km|មួយកោដិ}} || {{IPA|muəj kaot}} || muŏy kaôdĕ || muay koṭi || From [[Sanskrit]] and [[Pali]] koṭi.
|}
Although {{IPA|[muəj kaot]}} {{lang|km|មួយកោដិ}} is most commonly used to mean ten million, in some areas this is also colloquially used to refer to one billion (which is more properly {{IPA|[muəj rɔj kaot]}} {{lang|km|មួយរយកោដិ}}). In order to avoid confusion, sometimes {{IPA|[muəj ɗɑp liːən]}} {{lang|km|មួយដប់លាន}} is used to mean ten million, along with {{IPA|[muəj rɔj liːən]}} {{lang|km|មួយរយលាន}} for one hundred million, and {{IPA|[muəj piːən liːən]}} {{lang|km|មួយពាន់លាន}} ("one thousand million") to mean one billion.
Different Cambodian dialects may also employ different base number constructions to form greater numbers above one thousand. A few of the such can be observed in the following table:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer script#Numerals|Khmer]]
! [[Khmer script|Word Form]]
! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
! [[United Nations Statistical Commission|UNGEGN]]
! [[ALA-LC Romanization|ALA-LC]]
! Notes
|-
|align=center|10 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០}} || ({{lang|km|មួយ}}){{lang|km|ដប់ពាន់}} || {{IPA|(muəj) ɗɑp piːən}} || (muŏy) dáb peăn || (muay) ṭáp bân || Literally "(one) ten thousand"
|-
|align=center|100 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០០}} || ({{lang|km|មួយ}}){{lang|km|ដប់ម៉ឺន}} || {{IPA|(muəj) ɗɑp məɨn}} || (muŏy) dáb mœŭn || (muay) ṭáp muȳn || Literally "(one) ten ten-thousand"
|-
|align=center|100 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០០}} || {{lang|km|មួយរយពាន់}} || {{IPA|muəj rɔj piːən}} || muŏy rôy peăn || muay ray bân || Literally "one hundred thousand"
|-
|align=center|1 000 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០០០}} || {{lang|km|មួយរយម៉ឺន}} || {{IPA|muəj rɔj məɨn}} || muŏy rôy mœŭn || muay ray muȳn || Literally "one hundred ten-thousand"
|-
|align=center|10 000 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០០០០}} || ({{lang|km|មួយ}}){{lang|km|ដប់លាន}} || {{IPA|(muəj) ɗɑp liːən}} || (muŏy) dáb leăn || (muay) ṭáp lân || Literally "(one) ten million"
|-
|align=center|100 000 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០០០០០}} || {{lang|km|មួយរយលាន}} || {{IPA|muəj rɔj liːən}} || muŏy rôy leăn || muay ray lân || Literally "one hundred million"
|-
|align=center|1 000 000 000 || {{lang|km|១០០០០០០០០០}} || {{lang|km|មួយពាន់លាន}} || {{IPA|muəj piːən liːən}} || muŏy peăn leăn || muay ray bân || Literally "one thousand million"
|}
=== Counting Fruits ===
Reminiscent of the standard [[vigesimal|20-base]] Angkorian Khmer numbers, the modern Khmer language also possesses separate words used to count fruits, not unlike how English uses words such as a "[[dozen]]" for counting items such as eggs.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer script#Numerals|Khmer]]
! [[Khmer script|Word form]]
! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
! [[United Nations Statistical Commission|UNGEGN]]
! [[ALA-LC Romanization|ALA-LC]]
! Notes
|-
|align=center|4 || {{lang|km|៤}} || {{lang|km|ដំប}} || {{IPA|dɑmbɑː}} || dâmbâ || ṭaṃpa || Also written {{lang|km|ដំបរ}} (dâmbâr or ṭaṃpar)
|-
|align=center|40 || {{lang|km|៤០}} || {{lang|km|ផ្លូន}} || {{IPA|ploːn}} || phlon || phlūn || From (pre-)Angkorian *plon "40"
|-
|align=center|80 || {{lang|km|៨០}} || {{lang|km|ពីរផ្លូន}} || {{IPA|piː~pɨl ploːn}} || pir phlon || bir phlūn || Literally "two forty"
|-
|align=center|400 || {{lang|km|៤០០}} || {{lang|km|ស្លឹក}} || {{IPA|slək}} || slœ̆k || slẏk || From (pre-)Angkorian *slik "400"
|}
=== Sanskrit and Pali influence ===
As a result of prolonged literary influence from both the [[Sanskrit]] and [[Pali]] languages, Khmer may occasionally use borrowed words for counting. Generally speaking, asides a few exceptions such as the numbers for 0 and 100 for which the Khmer language has no equivalent, they are more often restricted to literary, religious, and historical texts than they are used in day to day conversations. One reason for the decline of these numbers is that a Khmer nationalism movement, which emerged in the 1960s, attempted to remove all words of Sanskrit and Pali origin. The [[Khmer Rouge]] also attempted to cleanse the language by removing all words which were considered politically incorrect.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer script#Numerals|Khmer]]
! [[Khmer script|Word form]]
! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
! [[United Nations Statistical Commission|UNGEGN]]
! [[ALA-LC Romanization|ALA-LC]]
! Notes
|-
|align=center|10 || {{lang|km|១០}} || {{lang|km|ត្ទស}} || {{IPA|tʊəh}} || tôs || das || [[Sanskrit]], [[Pali]] dasa
|-
|align=center|12 || {{lang|km|១២}} || {{lang|km|ទ្វាទស}} || {{IPA|tvietʊəh}}
{{IPA|tvieteaʔsaʔ}} || tvéatôs(â) || dvādas(a) || [[Sanskrit]], [[Pali]] dvādasa
|-
|align=center|13 or 30 || {{lang|km|១៣}} or {{lang|km|៣០}} || {{lang|km|ត្រីទស}} || {{IPA|trəj tʊəh}} || trei tôs || trǐ das || [[Sanskrit]], [[Pali]] trayodasa
|-
|align=center|28 || {{lang|km|២៨}} || {{lang|km|អស្តាពីស}} || {{IPA|ʔahsdaː piː sɑː}} || ’asta pi sâ || qastā bǐ sa || [[Sanskrit]] (8, aṣṭá-) (20, vimsati)
|-
|align=center|100 || {{lang|km|១០០}} || {{lang|km|សត}} || {{IPA|saʔtaʔ}} || sâtâ || sata || [[Sanskrit]] sata
|}
=== Ordinal Numbers ===
Like Thai (ที่ ''thi'') and Vietnamese (thứ), Khmer ordinal numbers are also formed by placing {{lang|km|ទី}} {{IPA|[tiː]}} in front of a cardinal number.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Meaning
! [[Khmer script|Khmer]]
! IPA
! [[United Nations Statistical Commission|UNGEGN]]
! [[ALA-LC Romanization|ALA-LC]]
! Notes
|-
|align=center|First || {{lang|km|ទីមួយ}} || {{IPA|tiː muəj}} || ti muŏy || dī muay ||
|-
|align=center|Second || {{lang|km|ទីពីរ}} || {{IPA|tiː piː~pɨl}} || ti pir || dī bīr ||
|-
|align=center|Third || {{lang|km|ទីបី}} || {{IPA|tiː ɓəj}} || ti bei || dī pī ||
|}
== Angkorian Numbers ==
It is generally assumed that the [[Angkor]]ian and pre-Angkorian numbers also represented a [[Numeral system#Dual base (five and twenty)|dual base]] (quinquavigesimal) system, with both [[quinary|base 5]] and [[vigesimal|base 20]] in use. Unlike modern Khmer, the [[decimal]] system was highly limited, with both the numbers for ''ten'' and ''one hundred'' being borrowed from the Chinese and Sanskrit languages respectively. Angkorian Khmer also used [[Sanskrit#Numerals|Sanskrit numbers]] for recording dates, sometimes mixing them with Khmer originals, a practice which has persisted until the last century.
The numbers for twenty, forty, and four hundred may be followed by multiplying numbers, with additional digits added on at the end, so that 27 is constructed as twenty-one-seven, or 20×1+7.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer script#Numerals|Khmer]]
! Orthography
! Notes
|-
|align=center|1 || {{lang|km|១}} || mvay ||
|-
|align=center|2 || {{lang|km|២}} || vyar ||
|-
|align=center|3 || {{lang|km|៣}} || pi ||
|-
|align=center|4 || {{lang|km|៤}} || pvan ||
|-
|align=center|5 || {{lang|km|៥}} || pram || (7 : pramvyar or pramvyal)
|-
|align=center|10 || {{lang|km|១០}} || tap ||[[Old Chinese]] }.
|-
|align=center|20 || {{lang|km|២០}} || bhai ||
|-
|align=center|40 || {{lang|km|៤០}} || plon ||
|-
|align=center|80 || {{lang|km|៨០}} || bhai pvan || Literally "four twenty"
|-
|align=center|100 || {{lang|km|១០០}} || çata || [[Sanskrit]] (100, sata).
|-
|align=center|400 || {{lang|km|៤០០}} || slik ||
|}
== Proto-Khmer Numbers ==
Proto-Khmer is the hypothetical ancestor of the modern Khmer language bearing various reflexes of the proposed [[Austro-Asiatic languages|Mon–Khmer]] language. By comparing both modern Khmer and Angkorian Khmer numbers to those of other Eastern Mon–Khmer (or Khmero-Vietic) languages such as [[Pearic languages|Pearic]], Proto-Viet–Muong, [[Katuic language|Katuic]], and [[Bahnaric language|Bahnaric]]; it is possible to establish the following reconstructions for Proto-Khmer.
=== Numbers from 5-10 ===
Contrary to later forms of the Khmer numbers, Proto-Khmer possessed a single decimal number system. The numbers from one to five correspond to both the modern Khmer language and the proposed Mon–Khmer language, while the numbers from six to nine do not possess any modern remnants, with the number ten *kraaj (or *kraay) corresponding to the modern number for one hundred. It is likely that the initial *k, found in the numbers from six to ten, is a prefix.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Value
! [[Khmer script#Numerals|Khmer]]
! Reconstruction
! Notes
|-
|align=center|5 || {{lang|km|៥}} || *pram ||
|-
|align=center|6 || {{lang|km|៦}} || } ||
|-
|align=center|7 || {{lang|km|៧}} || *knuul ||
|-
|align=center|8 || {{lang|km|៨}} || *ktii || Same root as the word hand, *tii.
|-
|align=center|9 || {{lang|km|៩}} || *ksaar ||
|-
|align=center|10 || {{lang|km|១០}} || *kraaj || Corresponds to present-day {{IPA|/rɔj/}} (one hundred).
|}