Kexholm County
Encyclopedia
Kexholm County was a county
of the Swedish Empire
from 1617 to 1721, when the southern part was ceded to the Russian Empire
in the Treaty of Nystad
.
together with Ingria by the Treaty of Stolbovo
in 1617. The county extended to the parishes of Lieksa
in North and to Hyrsylä in the East. In the South, the county was bordered by Viborg and Nyslott County
.
Following the Great Northern War
parts of the southern parts were ceded to Russia in 1721, and the territory that remained was reconsitituted into the Savolax and Kymmenegård County , with the remainder of the Viborg and Nyslott County
. In 1743 following a new conflict another part in the south was ceded to Russia in the Treaty of Åbo
.
The ceded territory became part of the Russian Vyborg Governorate
, which also was known as Old Finland
. After the Russian victory in the Finnish War
in 1809, Sweden ceded all its territory in Finland to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn, where it came to constitute a separate grand duchy. In 1812 Russia made the Vyborg Governorate part of the new Grand Duchy of Finland
.
The capital of the county was Kexholm , which today is Priozersk
.
Counties of Sweden
The Counties of Sweden are the first level administrative and political subdivisions of Sweden. Sweden is divided into 21 counties. The counties were established in 1634 on Count Axel Oxenstierna's initiative, superseding the historical provinces of Sweden to introduce a modern administration...
of the Swedish Empire
Swedish Empire
The Swedish Empire refers to the Kingdom of Sweden between 1561 and 1721 . During this time, Sweden was one of the great European powers. In Swedish, the period is called Stormaktstiden, literally meaning "the Great Power Era"...
from 1617 to 1721, when the southern part was ceded to the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
in the Treaty of Nystad
Treaty of Nystad
The Treaty of Nystad was the last peace treaty of the Great Northern War. It was concluded between the Tsardom of Russia and Swedish Empire on 30 August / 10 September 1721 in the then Swedish town of Nystad , after Sweden had settled with the other parties in Stockholm and Frederiksborg.During...
.
History
The county was ceded to Sweden by RussiaTsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia was the name of the centralized Russian state from Ivan IV's assumption of the title of Tsar in 1547 till Peter the Great's foundation of the Russian Empire in 1721.From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew 35,000 km2 a year...
together with Ingria by the Treaty of Stolbovo
Treaty of Stolbovo
The Treaty of Stolbovo is a peace treaty of 1617 that ended the Ingrian War, fought between Sweden and Russia.After nearly two months of negotiations, representatives from Sweden and Russia met at the village of Stolbova, south of Lake Ladoga, on 27 February 1617.From the outset, Sweden had gone...
in 1617. The county extended to the parishes of Lieksa
Lieksa
Lieksa is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Eastern Finland and is part of the North Karelia region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water...
in North and to Hyrsylä in the East. In the South, the county was bordered by Viborg and Nyslott County
Viborg and Nyslott County
Viborg and Nyslott County was a county of the Swedish Empire from 1634 to 1721. Prior to 1658 it was known as the County of Karelia . The county was named after the castle towns of Viborg and Nyslott , today located in the towns of Vyborg in Russia and Savonlinna in Finland.The county was...
.
Following the Great Northern War
Great Northern War
The Great Northern War was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in northern Central Europe and Eastern Europe. The initial leaders of the anti-Swedish alliance were Peter I the Great of Russia, Frederick IV of...
parts of the southern parts were ceded to Russia in 1721, and the territory that remained was reconsitituted into the Savolax and Kymmenegård County , with the remainder of the Viborg and Nyslott County
Viborg and Nyslott County
Viborg and Nyslott County was a county of the Swedish Empire from 1634 to 1721. Prior to 1658 it was known as the County of Karelia . The county was named after the castle towns of Viborg and Nyslott , today located in the towns of Vyborg in Russia and Savonlinna in Finland.The county was...
. In 1743 following a new conflict another part in the south was ceded to Russia in the Treaty of Åbo
Treaty of Åbo
The Treaty of Åbo or the Treaty of Turku was a peace treaty signed between the Russian Empire and Sweden in Turku on 7. Augustjul./ 18. Augustgreg...
.
The ceded territory became part of the Russian Vyborg Governorate
Vyborg Governorate
The Vyborg Governorate was established in territories ceded by the Swedish Empire in the Great Northern War. By the Treaty of Nystad in 1721, Sweden formally ceded control of the parts of the Viborg and Nyslott County and the Kexholm County located on the Karelian Isthmus to Russia...
, which also was known as Old Finland
Old Finland
thumb|right|260px|The areas that Sweden lost to Russia in the wars of 1721 and 1743Old Finland is a name used for the areas that Russia gained from Sweden in the Great Northern War and in the Russo-Swedish War...
. After the Russian victory in the Finnish War
Finnish War
The Finnish War was fought between Sweden and the Russian Empire from February 1808 to September 1809. As a result of the war, the eastern third of Sweden was established as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland within the Russian Empire...
in 1809, Sweden ceded all its territory in Finland to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn, where it came to constitute a separate grand duchy. In 1812 Russia made the Vyborg Governorate part of the new Grand Duchy of Finland
Grand Duchy of Finland
The Grand Duchy of Finland was the predecessor state of modern Finland. It existed 1809–1917 as part of the Russian Empire and was ruled by the Russian czar as Grand Prince.- History :...
.
The capital of the county was Kexholm , which today is Priozersk
Priozersk
Priozersk is a town in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, centered on an island at the southwestern shore of Lake Ladoga, at the estuary of the northern armlet of River Vuoksi on the Karelian Isthmus. It is served by a station of the Saint Petersburg-Kuznechnoye railroad with the same name...
.