Kazan Operation was a
Red ArmyThe Red Army The Red Army The Red Army was the Soviet government’s revolutionary militia beginning in the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the USSR. Since 1946, after the Second World War, it was called the Soviet Army.The 'Red...
's offensive against Czechoslovak Legion and KomUch People's Army during
Russian Civil WarThe Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed and the Soviets under the domination of the Bolshevik party assumed power, first in Petrograd The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a multi-party war that...
on 5–10 September 1918.
In August, 1918, Czechoslovak Legion occupied
KazanKazan is the capital city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, and one of Russia's largest cities. It is a major industrial, commercial and cultural center, and remains the most important center of Tatar culture. Since April 2009 Kazan has the legal right to brand itself as the "Third Capital" of...
. Bolshevik forces were defeated and dispersed in Kazan's neighborhood. Whites shot the rest of Bolsheviks in the city.
At the beginning of the operation, the Reds' disposition as follows.
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Kazan Operation was a
Red ArmyThe Red Army The Red Army The Red Army was the Soviet government’s revolutionary militia beginning in the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the USSR. Since 1946, after the Second World War, it was called the Soviet Army.The 'Red...
's offensive against Czechoslovak Legion and KomUch People's Army during
Russian Civil WarThe Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed and the Soviets under the domination of the Bolshevik party assumed power, first in Petrograd The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a multi-party war that...
on 5–10 September 1918.
In August, 1918, Czechoslovak Legion occupied
KazanKazan is the capital city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, and one of Russia's largest cities. It is a major industrial, commercial and cultural center, and remains the most important center of Tatar culture. Since April 2009 Kazan has the legal right to brand itself as the "Third Capital" of...
. Bolshevik forces were defeated and dispersed in Kazan's neighborhood. Whites shot the rest of Bolsheviks in the city.
At the beginning of the operation, the Reds' disposition as follows. To the west of Kazan: 5th Army of the Eastern Front under Peter Slaven, Volga Flotilla under Fyodor Raskolnikov; to the east of Kazan:
ArskArsk or Archa is a town and the administrative center of Arsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, located on the banks of the Kazanka River, from Kazan, the republic's capital. Arsk is also a station on the Kazan-Agryz railroad. It was founded in the 13th century by Volga Bulgarians...
group of the 2nd Army under Woldemar Azin. They opposed Czechoslovak legion and KomUch People's Army under A. P. Stepanov.
On September 7, the Right Bank Group of the 5th Army with the flotilla's backing reached the bank of Volga and shelled Kazan from the commanding eminence Oslan Hill. The Left Bank Group reached the mouth of the
Kazanka RiverKazanka or Qazansu is a river in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, a left tributary of the Volga. It begins near the village of Bimeri in Arsk District and falls into the Kuybyshev Reservoir in Kazan, near the Kazan Kremlin. Another town on the Kazanka is Arsk and historical Iske Qazan. It is...
. That day Arsk Group took Kinderle and Klyki villages to the east of Kazan. On September 9, sailors and landed marksmen under Nikolay Markin took the beachhead at the western part of Kazan. At that day the Left Bank Group and Arsk Group joined and took Kazan into the partly siege. September 10, after the storm from three directions Kazan was finally took under the Red control.
The majority of Whites were managed to sail away by the Volga.
Before the Czechoslovak offensive Bolsheviks tried to evacuate the gold reserves, that were kept in Kazan Bank, but due the fast offensive of Czechoslovaks they hadn't time to do it. However, Whites drove away the gold reserves and they disappeared. The route of the gold has been a matter of much research and speculation.