Kapitan

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Kapitan

Kapitan refers to an assortment of different political and military positions held historically in several different areas.

apitan in Polish Army is military rank of Captain.

apitán in Czech Army is military rank of Captain.

apitän is a traditional shorted version of several ranks in the German navy

German Navy

The German Navy The German Navy traces its roots back to the Imperial Fleet of the Revolutions of 1848 and more directly to the Prussian Navy, which later evolved into the Northern German Federal Navy and became the Imperial Navy ....
, ranging from Kapitänleutnant to Kapitän zur See.

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Encyclopedia

Kapitan refers to an assortment of different political and military positions held historically in several different areas.

Poland

Kapitan in Polish Army is military rank of Captain.

Czech republic

Kapitán in Czech Army is military rank of Captain.

Germany

Kapitän is a traditional shorted version of several ranks in the German navy

German Navy

Captain (nautical)

The captain or master of a merchant vessel is a licensed mariner in ultimate command of the vessel. A ship's captain is responsible for its safe and efficient operation, including cargo operations and navigation, and ensuring that the vessel complies with local and international laws, as well as company policies....
. Whenever the umlaut

Umlaut (diacritic)

The word umlaut is the name of a type of sound shift in spoken language and of the diacritic mark used to represent it Orthography. The diacritic mark comprises a pair of dots or lines placed over the letter that represents the affected Vowel....
ä
Æ

? is a grapheme formed from the letters a and e. Originally a ligature representing a Latin diphthong, it has been promoted to the full status of a letter in the alphabets of many languages....
is not available or desirable, the alternative spelling Kapitaen should be used.

Indonesia and Malaysia

Kapitans were appointed chiefs or headmen of the various ethnic communities during the Portuguese

Portugal

Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Located in southwestern Europe, Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east....
and Dutch

Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
colonial rule in what are present-day Indonesia

Indonesia

The Republic of Indonesia , is a transcontinental country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Comprising Islands of Indonesia, it is the world's largest Archipelago state....
and Malaysia

Malaysia

Malaysia is a federation that consists of States of Malaysia in Southeast Asia with a total landmass of . The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government....
.

Chinese Kapitans

Kapitans played an important role in the history of the Chinese in Indonesia and Malaysia. They wielded considerable influence, contributing to social, economic and political development in areas under their jurisdiction. Among Chinese settlements in the Malay Peninsula, Malacca

Malacca

Malacca is the third smallest States of Malaysia, after Perlis and Penang. It is located in the southern region of the Malay Peninsula, on the Strait of Malacca....
was the oldest and most established, with an illustrious line of Kapitans.

In Indonesia, indeed arguably throughout Southeast Asia, Jakarta retained the longest and most continuous history of the institution of Kapitan Cina. The system was adopted by the Dutch in the seventeenth century when they appointed Souw Beng Kong, formerly Kapitan Cina of Bantam, as the first Kapitein der Chinezen of Batavia. Through Kapitein Beng Kong, then, the Jakartan institution can be traced back to that of the medieval Sultanate of Bantam. It ended in 1945 with the death of Khouw Kim An, the last Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia, possibly also the last officer of Indirecr Rule by the Chinese in Indonesia. The issue of a Luitenant, Kapitein or Majoor der Chinesen are entitled, by Jakartan custom, to the hereditary dignity of Sia. For more information, see Mona Lohanda's "The Kapitan Cina of Batavia".

Kapitans of Kuala Lumpur

Yap Ah Loy

Yap Ah Loy , also known as Yap Tet Loy and Yap Mao Lan, started the development of Kuala Lumpur as a commercial and mining centre during the mid 1800s....
was a kapitan in Kuala Lumpur

Kuala Lumpur

Kuala Lumpur , is the largest city of Malaysia. The city proper, making up an area of , has an estimated population of 1.6 million in 2006. Greater Kuala Lumpur, also known as the Klang Valley, is an urban agglomeration of 7.2 million....
and is considered as the founder of the city. The title was abolished in 1902 when the last Kapitan, Yap Kwan Seng

Yap Kwan Seng

Yap Kwan Seng was the last Chinese kapitan of Kuala Lumpur from 1889 to 1902. Kapitans were appointed chiefs or headmen of the various ethnic communities during the British colonial rule in what is present-day Malaysia....
died.

List of Kuala Lumpur Kapitans:

1858 - 1861: Kapitan Hiu Siew
1862 - 1868: Kapitan Liu Ngim Kong
1868 - 1885: Kapitan Yap Ah Loy
Yap Ah Loy

Yap Ah Loy , also known as Yap Tet Loy and Yap Mao Lan, started the development of Kuala Lumpur as a commercial and mining centre during the mid 1800s....
1885 - 1889: Kapitan Yap Ah Shak
1889 - 1902: Kapitan Yap Kwan Seng
Yap Kwan Seng

Yap Kwan Seng was the last Chinese kapitan of Kuala Lumpur from 1889 to 1902. Kapitans were appointed chiefs or headmen of the various ethnic communities during the British colonial rule in what is present-day Malaysia....