Kalaninuiamamao was a Prince of the Big Island of Hawaii

Hawaii (island)

The Island of Hawaii, also called the Big Island or Hawaii Island , is a volcanic island in the North Pacific Ocean...

, or 1st Alii Nui of Kau, an ancestor of the Queen Liliuokalani. He is probably the Hawaiian chief with the most varied spelling of his name.
Kalaninuiamamao was born of Keaweikekahialiʻiokamoku, Alii Aimoku of Hawaii, and his wife Lono-ma-ai-kanaka. He was his father's eldest son, but his rank was considered minor because of the distant relationship of his father and mother, unlike his brother Keeaumoku Nui

Keeaumoku Nui

Kalani Kama Keeaumoku-nui was Prince of the Big Island of Hawaii and high chief of the Kona district and part of Kohala district and grandfather of Kamehameha I. He was a Pio chief which was considered among royalties of the highest rank in the realm. Through his mother and father he was descended...

 who was the son of Princess Kalanikauleleiaiwi

Kalanikauleleiaiwi

Kalanikauleleiaiwi was a Chiefess on the island of Hawaii in the late 17th century and early 18th century. She was considered to be the co-ruler of the island of Hawaii with her half-brother Keawe ikekahialiiokamoku, the 21st Alii Aimoku of Hawaii island. Their shared mother was Keakealani-wahine,...

.

During his father's lifetime, he had established Kaiimamao as Alii Aimoku, principal chief of the District of Kau

Kau, Hawaii

thumb|right|300px|The districts of the [[Hawaii |Big Island]]. From Northernmost, clockwise; [[Kohala, Hawaii|Kohala]], [[Hamakua]], [[Hilo, Hawaii|Hilo]], [[Puna, Hawaii|Puna]], Kau , [[Kona District, Hawaii|Kona]]...

.