Junglinster longwave transmitter
Encyclopedia
The Junglinster Longwave Transmitter is a longwave
broadcasting facility used by RTL
near Junglinster
, Luxembourg
, which went into service in 1932. Its aerial
consists of three free-standing steel-framework towers, which are ground fed radiator
s. These towers formed a directional aerial for the frequency 234 kHz and until 1980 were 250 metres high. Since 1980 their height has been 215 metres.
Junglinster longwave transmitter was at time of inauguration one of the most powerful transmitters in the world. It was discovered that its signal can under some conditions show cross modulation with other radio stations by ionospheric reflection
. This phenomenon was named "Luxemburg effect" after the circumstance that it was first detected at the signal of this transmitter in Luxemburg.
Since the inauguration of the Beidweiler longwave transmitter
the Junglinster longwave transmitter has been only a spare.
Also at the site of Junglinster Longwave Transmitter are the shortwave
transmitters of RTL, at the frequencies 6090 kHz and 15350 kHz were used. Transmitting on 6090 kHz, it is of special interest as it was (until the 80s) one of the best known radio stations in Germany and several radio sets had a special switch for its reception, the so-called "Luxemburg"-switch.
Today this transmitter works in DRM-mode.
From 1951 on the site of Junglinster Longwave transmitter was also the mediumwave
transmitter. It moved to Marnach
in 1955.
Longwave
In radio, longwave refers to parts of radio spectrum with relatively long wavelengths. The term is a historic one dating from the early 20th century, when the radio spectrum was considered to consist of long, medium and short wavelengths...
broadcasting facility used by RTL
RTL Group
RTL Group is Europe's largest TV, radio and production company, and is majority-owned by German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. It has 45 television and 32 radio stations in 11 countries...
near Junglinster
Junglinster
Junglinster is a commune and town in central Luxembourg in the district Grevenmacher with 5,813 inhabitants. Junglinster is known as the site of a transmitter., the town of Junglinster, which lies in the south of the commune, has a population of 2,224...
, Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...
, which went into service in 1932. Its aerial
Antenna (radio)
An antenna is an electrical device which converts electric currents into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver...
consists of three free-standing steel-framework towers, which are ground fed radiator
Radiator
Radiators are heat exchangers used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. The majority of radiators are constructed to function in automobiles, buildings, and electronics...
s. These towers formed a directional aerial for the frequency 234 kHz and until 1980 were 250 metres high. Since 1980 their height has been 215 metres.
Junglinster longwave transmitter was at time of inauguration one of the most powerful transmitters in the world. It was discovered that its signal can under some conditions show cross modulation with other radio stations by ionospheric reflection
Ionospheric reflection
Ionospheric reflection is a bending, through a complex process involving reflection and refraction, of electromagnetic waves propagating in the ionosphere back toward the Earth....
. This phenomenon was named "Luxemburg effect" after the circumstance that it was first detected at the signal of this transmitter in Luxemburg.
Since the inauguration of the Beidweiler longwave transmitter
Beidweiler longwave transmitter
The Beidweiler Longwave Transmitter is a high-power broadcasting transmitter for the French-speaking programme of RTL radio on the longwave frequency 234 kHz...
the Junglinster longwave transmitter has been only a spare.
Also at the site of Junglinster Longwave Transmitter are the shortwave
Shortwave
Shortwave radio refers to the upper MF and all of the HF portion of the radio spectrum, between 1,800–30,000 kHz. Shortwave radio received its name because the wavelengths in this band are shorter than 200 m which marked the original upper limit of the medium frequency band first used...
transmitters of RTL, at the frequencies 6090 kHz and 15350 kHz were used. Transmitting on 6090 kHz, it is of special interest as it was (until the 80s) one of the best known radio stations in Germany and several radio sets had a special switch for its reception, the so-called "Luxemburg"-switch.
Today this transmitter works in DRM-mode.
From 1951 on the site of Junglinster Longwave transmitter was also the mediumwave
Mediumwave
Medium wave is the part of the medium frequency radio band used mainly for AM radio broadcasting. For Europe the MW band ranges from 526.5 kHz to 1606.5 kHz...
transmitter. It moved to Marnach
Marnach transmitter
Marnach transmitter is a broadcasting facility of RTL near Marnach in the commune of Munshausen, in northern Luxembourg. The Marnach transmitter was built in 1955 for improving the transmission of the English-speaking program on 1439 kHz , which was transmitted from 1951 with an...
in 1955.
Brief history
| Year | Longwave | Mediumwave | Shortwave | FM | Changes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1932 | 150 kW | - | - | - | Built of longwave transmitter with a transmitter of Chireix |
| 1938 | - | - | 6 kW | - | First shortwave transmissions |
| 1951 | 250 kW | - | - | - | Upgrade of longwave transmitter |
| 1952 | - | 150 kW | - | - | First mediumwave transmissions |
| 1953 | - | - | 50 kW | - | Second shortwave transmitter went in service |
| 1954 | 500 kW | - | - | - | Installation of second longwave transmitter |
| 1954 | - | - | - | - | Built of second antenna tower (height: 250 metres) |
| 1955 | - | 0 | - | - | Mediumwave transmission moved to Marnach transmitter Marnach transmitter Marnach transmitter is a broadcasting facility of RTL near Marnach in the commune of Munshausen, in northern Luxembourg. The Marnach transmitter was built in 1955 for improving the transmission of the English-speaking program on 1439 kHz , which was transmitted from 1951 with an... |
| 1959 | - | - | - | 12 kW | First FM-transmitter went in service on 92.5 MHz |
| 1959 | - | - | - | - | Built of third 250 metre tower |
| 1960 | 750 kW | - | - | - | Inauguration of third longwave transmitter |
| 1964 | 1000 kW | - | - | - | Replacement of first longwave transmitter ny new 600 kW unit |
| 1970 | - | - | 250 kW | - | Installation of new shortwave transmitter, built by Telefunken. The two old shortwave transmitters were kept as spare units |
| 1971 | - | - | 500 | - | Installation of a second shortwave transmitter |
| 1971 | - | - | - | 0 | FM-transmissions moved to FM- and TV-Mast Hosingen FM- and TV-mast Hosingen The FM- and TV mast Hosingen is a 300 metre high guyed radio mast outside the town of Hosingen, Luxembourg used for FM and TV broadcasting. It has a diameter of 2 metres and was built in 1970. The FM- and TV-mast Hosingen is the tallest construction in Luxembourg and property of RTL.The FM- and... |
| 1973 | - | - | 500 + 50 | - | The old 50 kW shortwave transmitter went in service for broadcasting on 15350 kHz |
| 1976 | - | - | 500 + 10 | - | Replacement of old 50 kW transmitter by a new 10 kW unit |
| 1983 | - | - | - | - | The height of the towers is reduced from 250 metres to 216 metres |
| 1987 | 1200 kW | - | - | - | Replacement of the 600 kW longwave transmitter from 1954 by a new 1200 kW transmitter from Thomson |
External links
- http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b45485
- http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b45487
- http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b45488
- http://perso.wanadoo.fr/tvignaud/galerie/etranger/l-junglinster.htm