Juglandaceae

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Juglandaceae

The Juglandaceae, also known as the Walnut Family, is a family of tree

TREE

TREE was a Boston hardcore punk band formed in the summer of 1990. They were active in the Boston music scene until disbanding in 2002....
s, or sometimes shrubs, in the order Fagales. Various members of this family are native to the Americas

Americas

The Americas are the region of the Western hemisphere that consists of the continents of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions....
, Eurasia

Eurasia

Eurasia is a large landmass covering about 53,990,000 km? or about 10.6% of the Earth's surface . Often considered a single continent, Eurasia comprises the traditional continents of Europe and Asia, concepts which date back to classical antiquity and the borders for which are somewhat arbitrary....
, and Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India and north of Australia....
. Members of the walnut family have large aromatic leaves, that are usually alternate, but opposite in Alfaroa, Oreomunnia. The leaves

Leaf

In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant Organ specialized for photosynthesis. For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat and thin, to expose the cells containing chloroplast to light over a broad area, and to allow light to penetrate fully into the tissues....
are pinnately compound, or ternate, and usually 20-100 cm long.

The trees are wind-pollinated, and the flowers usually arranged in catkin

Catkin

A catkin or ament is a slim, cylindrical flower cluster, with inconspicuous or no petals, usually wind-pollination but sometimes insect pollinated ....
s.

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Encyclopedia

The Juglandaceae, also known as the Walnut Family, is a family of tree

TREE

Americas

The Americas are the region of the Western hemisphere that consists of the continents of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions....
, Eurasia

Eurasia

Southeast Asia

Leaf

Catkin

A catkin or ament is a slim, cylindrical flower cluster, with inconspicuous or no petals, usually wind-pollination but sometimes insect pollinated ....
s.

There are eight genera in the family, including the commercially important nut

Nut (fruit)

Nut is a general term for the large, dry, oily seed or fruit of some plant. While a wide variety of dried seeds and fruits are called nuts, only a certain number of them are considered by biologists to be true nuts....
-producing trees walnut

Walnut

Walnuts are plants in the family Juglandaceae. They are deciduous trees, 10–40 meter s tall , with pinnate leaves 200?900 millimetres long , with 5–25 leaflets; the shoots have chambered pith, a character shared with the wingnut but not the hickory in the same family....
(Juglans), pecan

Pecan

The Pecan is a species of hickory, native to south-central North America, in the United States from southern Iowa, Illinois and Indiana east to western Kentucky, North Carolina and western Tennessee, south through Georgia , Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma and Arkansas ; and in Mexico from Coahuila south to Jalisco and Veracr...
(Carya illinoinensis), and hickory

Hickory

Trees in the genus Carya are commonly known as Hickory. The genus includes 17?19 species of deciduous trees with pinnately compound leaf and large nut ....
(Carya). The Persian walnut, Juglans regia, is one of the major nut crops of the world. Walnut, hickory, and gaulin are also valuable timber trees.

Systematics

The known living genera are grouped into subfamilies, tribes, and subtribes as follows:

Subfamily Engelhardioideae

Alfaroa
Alfaroa

Alfaroa is a genus of plant in the Juglandaceae family, growing in montaine and submontaine tropical rain forests in Central America. The wood is characterized by solid pith, pink heartwood, and vessels with scalariform perforations, as well as simple ones....
Standl. — (gualin)
Engelhardia
Engelhardia

Engelhardia is a genus of seven species of trees in the family Juglandaceae, native to southeast Asia from northern India east to Taiwan, Indonesia and the Philippines....
Lesch. ex Blume — (cheo)
Oreomunnea
Oreomunnea

Oreomunnea is a genus of two species of flowering plants in the family Juglandaceae, native to southern Mexico and Central America, where they occur in montane rainforest....
Oerst.

Subfamily Juglandoideae
Tribe Platycaryeae

Platycarya
Platycarya

Platycarya is a genus of flowering plants in the family Juglandaceae, usually treated as comprising a single species Platycarya strobilacea, though one to two additional species are accepted by some authors....
Siebold & Zucc.

Tribe Juglandeae
Subtribe Caryinae

Carya
Hickory

Trees in the genus Carya are commonly known as Hickory. The genus includes 17?19 species of deciduous trees with pinnately compound leaf and large nut ....
Nutt. — (hickory and pecan)

Subtribe Juglandinae

Cyclocarya
Cyclocarya

Cyclocarya is a genus of flowering plants in the family Juglandaceae, comprising a single species Cyclocarya paliurus , formerly treated in the genus Pterocarya as Pterocarya paliurus....
Iljinsk — (wheel wingnut)
Juglans
Walnut

Walnuts are plants in the family Juglandaceae. They are deciduous trees, 10–40 meter s tall , with pinnate leaves 200?900 millimetres long , with 5–25 leaflets; the shoots have chambered pith, a character shared with the wingnut but not the hickory in the same family....
L. — (walnut)
Pterocarya Kunth — (wingnut)

The only member of the genus Alfaropsis I.A.Iljinsk., Alfaropsis roxburghiana (Wall.) I.A.Iljinsk. is a synonym for Engelhardia roxburghiana Wall. (or perhaps vice-versa).

The only member of the genus Annamocarya A.Chev., Annamocarya sinensis (Dode) J.-F.Leroy, may actually be a member of Carya, and belongs in the subtribe Caryinae.

Tryma

Some fruits are borderline and difficult to categorize. Hickory nuts (Carya) and Walnuts (Juglans) in the Juglandaceae family grow within an outer husk; these fruits are technically drupe

Drupe

In botany, a drupe is a fruit in which an outer fleshy part surrounds a shell of hardened endocarp with a seed inside. These fruits develop from a single carpel, and mostly from flowers with superior ovary....
s or drupaceous nuts, and thus not true botanical nuts. Tryma is a specialized term for such nut-like drupes.