John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough
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John Winston Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough, KG
, PC (2 June 1822 – 4 July 1883), styled Earl of Sunderland from 1822 to 1840 and Marquess of Blandford from 1840 to 1857, was a British statesman and nobleman. He was the paternal grandfather of Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill
.
, the eldest son of George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough
and Lady Jane Stewart, daughter of Admiral George Stewart, 8th Earl of Galloway
. He was educated at Eton
and Oriel College, Oxford.
for Woodstock
from 1844 to 1845 and again from 1847 to 1857, when he succeeded his father in the dukedom and entered the House of Lords
. He served under Lord Derby
as Lord Steward of the Household from 1866 to 1867 and under Derby and later Benjamin Disraeli as Lord President of the Council
(with a seat in the cabinet) from 1867 to 1868. He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1866 and made a Knight of the Garter
in 1868. He again held office under Disraeli as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
from 1876 to 1880.
(15 April 1822 – 16 April 1899), the eldest daughter of the 3rd Marquess of Londonderry and Lady Frances Anne Emily Vane-Tempest
. They had eleven children:
Marlborough died on 4 July 1883, aged 61, and was succeeded by his eldest son, George. His wife died sixteen years later, on 16 April 1899, aged 77.
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...
, PC (2 June 1822 – 4 July 1883), styled Earl of Sunderland from 1822 to 1840 and Marquess of Blandford from 1840 to 1857, was a British statesman and nobleman. He was the paternal grandfather of Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, was a predominantly Conservative British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century and served as Prime Minister twice...
.
Background and education
Marlborough was born at Garboldisham Hall, NorfolkNorfolk
Norfolk is a low-lying county in the East of England. It has borders with Lincolnshire to the west, Cambridgeshire to the west and southwest and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the North Sea coast and to the north-west the county is bordered by The Wash. The county...
, the eldest son of George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough
George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough
George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough DCL , styled Earl of Sunderland until 1817 and Marquess of Blandford between 1817 and 1840, was a British peer...
and Lady Jane Stewart, daughter of Admiral George Stewart, 8th Earl of Galloway
George Stewart, 8th Earl of Galloway
Admiral George Stewart, 8th Earl of Galloway KT , styled Lord Garlies between 1773 and 1806, was a British naval commander and politician.-Background:...
. He was educated at Eton
Eton College
Eton College, often referred to simply as Eton, is a British independent school for boys aged 13 to 18. It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor"....
and Oriel College, Oxford.
Political career
Marlborough was Member of ParliamentMember of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
for Woodstock
Woodstock (UK Parliament constituency)
Woodstock, sometimes called New Woodstock, was a parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom. It comprised the town of Woodstock in the county of Oxfordshire and the surrounding countryside and villages, and elected two Members of Parliament from its re-enfranchisement in 1553 until 1832...
from 1844 to 1845 and again from 1847 to 1857, when he succeeded his father in the dukedom and entered the House of Lords
House of Lords
The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....
. He served under Lord Derby
Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby
Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, KG, PC was an English statesman, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and to date the longest serving leader of the Conservative Party. He was known before 1834 as Edward Stanley, and from 1834 to 1851 as Lord Stanley...
as Lord Steward of the Household from 1866 to 1867 and under Derby and later Benjamin Disraeli as Lord President of the Council
Lord President of the Council
The Lord President of the Council is the fourth of the Great Officers of State of the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord High Treasurer and above the Lord Privy Seal. The Lord President usually attends each meeting of the Privy Council, presenting business for the monarch's approval...
(with a seat in the cabinet) from 1867 to 1868. He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1866 and made a Knight of the Garter
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...
in 1868. He again held office under Disraeli as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland was the British King's representative and head of the Irish executive during the Lordship of Ireland , the Kingdom of Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland...
from 1876 to 1880.
Family
On 12 July 1843, Marlborough married Lady Frances Anne Emily VaneFrances Anne Spencer-Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough
Frances, Duchess of Marlborough & Marchioness of Blandford , was an Anglo-Irish noblewoman, the wife of British peer and statesman John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough. One of her sons, Lord Randolph Churchill was the father of Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill...
(15 April 1822 – 16 April 1899), the eldest daughter of the 3rd Marquess of Londonderry and Lady Frances Anne Emily Vane-Tempest
Frances Anne Vane, Marchioness of Londonderry
Frances Anne Vane, Marchioness of Londonderry was a wealthy English heiress and noblewoman. She was the daughter of Sir Henry Vane-Tempest, 2nd Baronet and the second wife of Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry...
. They had eleven children:
- George Charles Spencer-Churchill, 8th Duke of MarlboroughGeorge Spencer-Churchill, 8th Duke of MarlboroughGeorge Charles Spencer-Churchill, 8th Duke of Marlborough DL , styled Earl of Sunderland until 1857 and Marquess of Blandford between 1857 and 1883, was a British peer.-Background and education:...
(13 May 1844 – 9 November 1892) - Lord Frederick John Winston Spencer-Churchill (2 February 1846 – 5 August 1850)
- Lady Cornelia Henrietta Maria Spencer-Churchill (17 September 1847 – Upper Brook Street, Mayfair, LondonMayfairMayfair is an area of central London, within the City of Westminster.-History:Mayfair is named after the annual fortnight-long May Fair that took place on the site that is Shepherd Market today...
, 22 January 1927), married 25 May 1868 Ivor Bertie Guest, 1st Baron WimborneIvor Bertie Guest, 1st Baron WimborneIvor Bertie Guest, 1st Baron Wimborne was a Welsh industrialist.Sir Ivor Bertie Guest was born at Dowlais, near Merthyr Tydfil, the son of Lady Charlotte Guest, translator of the Mabinogion, and Sir John Josiah Guest, owner of the world's largest iron foundry:Dowlais Ironworks...
, by whom she had issue. - Lady Rosamund Jane Frances Spencer-Churchill (died 3 December 1920), married 12 July 1877 William Fellowes, 2nd Baron de RamseyWilliam Fellowes, 2nd Baron de RamseyWilliam Henry Fellowes, 2nd Baron de Ramsey , was a British Conservative politician.De Ramsey was the eldest son of Edward Fellowes, 1st Baron de Ramsey, and Hon. Mary Julia Milles. Ailwyn Fellowes, 1st Baron Ailwyn, was his younger brother...
, by whom she had issue - Lord Randolph Henry Spencer-ChurchillLord Randolph ChurchillLord Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill MP was a British statesman. He was the third son of the 7th Duke of Marlborough and his wife Lady Frances Anne Emily Vane , daughter of the 3rd Marquess of Londonderry...
(13 February 1849 – 24 January 1895), married 15 April 1874 Jennie Jerome, father of Sir Winston ChurchillWinston ChurchillSir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, was a predominantly Conservative British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century and served as Prime Minister twice...
and John Strange Spencer-ChurchillJohn Strange Spencer-ChurchillMajor John Strange "Jack" Spencer-Churchill, DSO, TD was the younger son of Lord Randolph Churchill and Lady Randolph Churchill , and brother of World War II Prime Minster, Sir Winston Churchill....
. - Lady Fanny Octavia Louise Spencer-Churchill (29 January 1853 – 5 August 1904), married 9 June 1873 Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron TweedmouthEdward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron TweedmouthEdward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth KT, PC was a British Liberal Party statesman who sat in the House of Commons from 1880 until 1894 when he inherited his peerage and then sat in the House of Lords...
, by whom she had issue. - Lady Anne Emily Spencer-ChurchillAnne Innes-Ker, Duchess of RoxburgheAnne Emily Innes-Ker, Duchess of Roxburghe VA OBE was born Anne Emily Spencer-Churchill, and was the daughter of the seventh Duke of Marlborough, who served in Conservative governments as Lord President of the Council and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland...
(Lower Brook Street, Mayfair, LondonMayfairMayfair is an area of central London, within the City of Westminster.-History:Mayfair is named after the annual fortnight-long May Fair that took place on the site that is Shepherd Market today...
, 14 November 1854 – South Audley Street, Mayfair, LondonMayfairMayfair is an area of central London, within the City of Westminster.-History:Mayfair is named after the annual fortnight-long May Fair that took place on the site that is Shepherd Market today...
, 20 June 1923), married 11 June 1874 James Innes-Ker, 7th Duke of RoxburgheJames Innes-Ker, 7th Duke of RoxburgheJames Henry Robert Innes-Ker, 7th Duke of Roxburghe , became Duke of Roxburghe on the death of his father, James Henry Robert Innes-Ker, 6th Duke of Roxburghe, his mother was Susanna Dalbiac....
, by whom she had issue. - Lord Charles Ashley Spencer-Churchill (1856 – 11 March 1858)
- Lord Augustus Robert Spencer-Churchill (4 July 1858 – 12 May 1859)
- Lady Georgiana Elizabeth Spencer-Churchill (10 St James's Square, St James's, London, 14 May 1860 – 9 February 1906), married 4 June 1883 Richard George Penn Curzon, 4th Earl HoweRichard Curzon, 4th Earl HoweRichard George Penn Curzon, 4th Earl Howe GCVO, TD, JP , styled Viscount Curzon between 1876 and 1900, was a British courtier and Conservative politician...
, by whom she had issue. - Lady Sarah Isabella Augusta Spencer-ChurchillLady Sarah WilsonLady Sarah Isabella Augusta Wilson , was the youngest daughter of John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough and Lady Frances Anne Emily Vane, aunt of Winston Spencer Churchill. In 1899 she became the first woman war correspondent when she was recruited by Alfred Harmsworth to cover the Siege...
(1865 – 22 October 1929), a war correspondent during the Boer WarBoer WarThe Boer Wars were two wars fought between the British Empire and the two independent Boer republics, the Oranje Vrijstaat and the Republiek van Transvaal ....
; married 21 November 1891 Lt. Col. Gordon Chesney Wilson (son of Sir Samuel Wilson, MP)
Marlborough died on 4 July 1883, aged 61, and was succeeded by his eldest son, George. His wife died sixteen years later, on 16 April 1899, aged 77.