Johannes Georg Bednorz

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Johannes Georg Bednorz

Johannes Georg Bednorz (May 16, 1950) is a German physicist

Physicist

A physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many Physics#Major fields of physics spanning all length scales: from atom particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole ....
who shared the 1987 Nobel Prize in Physics

Nobel Prize in Physics

The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others are the Nobel Prize in chemistry, Nobel Prize in literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine....
for work in high-temperature superconductivity

High-temperature superconductivity

High-temperature superconductors are materials that are have a superconductor transition temperature above 30 K, which was thought to be the highest BCS theory allowed Tc....
.

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Johannes Georg Bednorz (May 16, 1950) is a German physicist

Physicist

Nobel Prize in Physics

High-temperature superconductivity

High-temperature superconductors are materials that are have a superconductor transition temperature above 30 K, which was thought to be the highest BCS theory allowed Tc....
.

Life and work

Bednorz was born in Neuenkirchen

Neuenkirchen, Westphalia

Neuenkirchen is a municipality in the Steinfurt , in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neuenkirchen is the biggest village in the district of Steinfurt....
, North Rhine-Westphalia

North Rhine-Westphalia

North Rhine - Westphalia is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the largest States of Germany of Germany. North Rhine - Westphalia has over 18 million inhabitants, contributes about 22% of Germany's gross domestic product and comprises a land area of 34,083 km? ....
, Germany

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
to Anton and Elisabeth Bednorz.

In 1968, Bednorz started his studies in Mineralogy

Mineralogy

Mineralogy is an Earth Science focused around the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical properties of minerals. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, as well as their utilization....
at the University of Münster

University of Münster

The University of M?nster is a public university located in the city of M?nster, North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany. The WWU is part of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, a society of Germany's leading research universities....
.

In 1982, Bednorz was hired by IBM

IBM

International Business Machines Corporation, abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue" , is a multinational corporation computer technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, New York, United States....
to work in their Zurich laboratories. There, he joined Karl Alexander Müller

Karl Alexander Müller

Karl Alexander M?ller is a Swiss physicist and Nobel laureate. He received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1987 with Johannes Georg Bednorz for their work in High-temperature superconductivity....
's ongoing research into superconductivity

Superconductivity

Superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials generally at very low temperatures, characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance and the exclusion of the interior magnetic field ....
.

In 1983, Bednorz and Müller began a systematic study of the electrical properties of ceramic

Ceramic

File:Bridge from dental porcelain.jpgFile:Qing vase p1070256.jpgA ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetal solid prepared by the action of heat and subsequent cooling....
s formed from transition metal oxides, and in 1986, they succeeded in inducing superconductivity in a barium

Barium

Barium is a chemical element. It has the symbol Ba, and atomic number 56. Barium is a soft silvery metallic alkaline earth metal. It is never found in nature in its pure form due to its reactivity with Earth's atmosphere....
lanthanum

Lanthanum

Lanthanum is a chemical element with the symbol La and atomic number 57.Lanthanum is a silvery white metallic element that belongs to group 3 of the periodic table and is a lanthanoid....
copper oxide

Copper oxide

Copper oxide can refer to*Copper oxide , a red powder;*Copper oxide , a black powder....
(BaLaCuO, also known as LBCO); the oxide's critical temperature

Critical temperature

The critical temperature, Tc, of a material is the temperature above which distinct liquid and gas phases of matter do not exist. As the critical temperature is approached, the properties of the gas and liquid phases become the same resulting in only one phase: the supercritical fluid....
was 35 kelvin

Kelvin

The kelvin is a Units of measurement of temperature and is one of the seven SI base units. The Kelvin scale is a Thermodynamic temperature scale where absolute zero, the theoretical absence of all thermal energy, is zero ....
s, a full 12 K higher than the previous record.

In 1987, Bednorz and Müller were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.

External links

, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.